CN114013116A - 复合地板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及复合地板,包括被配置成提供局部抗弯强度的第一结构层,和被配置成提供主体抗弯强度的第二结构层,第二结构层设置在第一结构层的下方,本发明的复合地板通过将提供主体抗弯强度和局部抗弯强度的功能赋予不同的结构层,能够在保证地板抗弯刚度的前提下,减轻自身的重量,并且整体性高,不易破坏,能够广泛的适用于航运、车运等各种类型的集装箱。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合地板。
背景技术
集装箱是现代物流中用于成组运输货物一种重要的工具。集装箱能够让庞然大物实现标准化的运输。为了使货物能够被稳定的存放于集装箱中,以及在运输过程中不会发生滑动和碰擦,在集装相中一般另外铺设复合地板,现有的复合地板多为钢板或木板,虽然钢板和木板能够保证自身强度,然而钢板的自重较重,会产生对于集装箱的额外负担,木板则存在容易腐蚀的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种重量轻、强度高的复合地板。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种复合地板,包括:
被配置成提供局部抗弯强度的第一结构层,和
被配置成提供主体抗弯强度的第二结构层,
第二结构层设置在第一结构层的下方。
在一些实施例中,第二结构层为第二蜂窝结构层,第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面粘接有蒙皮,第二蜂窝结构层的蜂窝中填充有泡沫芯材,
填充的所述泡沫芯材上、下表面较浅于第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面,以在第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的凹槽。
在一些实施例中,第一结构层采用竹胶板。
在一些实施例中,第一结构层为第一蜂窝结构层,第一蜂窝结构层的上、下表面粘接有蒙皮,第一蜂窝结构层的蜂窝中填充有泡沫芯材,
填充的所述泡沫芯材的上、下表面较浅于蜂窝结构层的上、下表面,以在第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的凹槽。
在一些实施例中,第一蜂窝结构层的密度为100~300kg/m3,第二蜂窝结构层的密度为50~120kg/m3。
在一些实施例中,第一蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径小于第二蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径。
在一些实施例中,所述的第一蜂窝结构层和/或第二蜂窝结构层由多个蜂窝结构部拼接构成。
在一些实施例中,拼接的蜂窝结构部之间均设置有至少一个加强件,所述的加强件具有:
与其中一个蜂窝结构部上表面粘接的刚性的上部,
与其中一个蜂窝结构部下表面粘接的刚性的下部,
至少与拼接的其中一个蜂窝结构部侧面粘接的刚性的中部。
在一些实施例中,所述加强件由涂覆有树脂的玻纤布固化形成。
在一些实施例中,包括围合于蜂窝结构层周侧的钢框架,所述的蒙皮边缘粘接在钢框架上。
本发明的复合地板通过将提供主体抗弯强度和局部抗弯强度的功能赋予不同的结构层,能够在保证地板抗弯刚度的前提下,减轻自身的重量,并且整体性高,不易破坏,能够广泛的适用于航运、车运等各种类型的集装箱。
附图说明
图1为本发明复合地板的其中一种结构示意图。
图2为第一蜂窝结构部的结构示意图。
图3为第一蜂窝结构部拼接形成第一蜂窝结构层的示意图。
图4为加强件的一种实施方式示意简图。
图5为加强件的一种实施方式示意简图。
图6为第二蜂窝结构部的结构示意图。
图7为加强件的一种设置方式示意图。
图8为加强件的另一种设置方式示意图。
图中:1.第一结构层,2.第二结构层,10.第一蜂窝结构层,11.第一蜂窝结构部,20.第二蜂窝结构层,21.第二蜂窝结构部,3.第一加强件,4.第一加强件,41.第一加强件的上部,42.第一加强件的中部,43.第一加强件的下部, 5.第一蒙皮,6.第二蒙皮,7.第三蒙皮,8.钢框架,31.第二加强件的上部,32. 第二加强件的中部,33.第二加强件的下部,111.第一凹槽,112.第一泡沫芯材, 211.第二凹槽,212.第二泡沫芯材。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,本实施例的复合地板主要包括被配置成提供局部抗弯强度的第一结构层1,和被配置成提供主体抗弯强度的第二结构层2,第二结构层2设置在第一结构层1的下方。第一结构层1用于提供局部抗弯强度,有效的提高了复合地板的刚碾压性能,能够用于承受在局部产生的压力,第二结构层2位于第一结构层1的下方,由于第一结构层1分散了在局部产生的压力,第二结构层2局部的压力会减小,而在整体上受到第一结构层1的压力,第二结构层2 只需要提供整体抗压强度即可,从而降低第二结构层2的重量,最终能够降低复合地板的整体重量。
第一结构层1可以采用竹胶板,也可以采用蜂窝结构层。本实施例以采用蜂窝结构层为例,如图2所示,第一蜂窝结构层10的上、下表面粘接有第三蒙皮7和第二蒙皮6,如图4所示,第一蜂窝结构层10的蜂窝中填充有第一泡沫芯材112,填充的所述第一泡沫芯材112的上、下表面较浅于第一蜂窝结构层的上、下表面,以在第一蜂窝结构层10的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的第一凹槽111。第一凹槽111深度在1~3mm左右,诸如0.8mm,1.2mm,1,3mm等等,越深的凹槽意味着粘接面积的增大,粘接强度越高。
本实施例的第二结构层采用蜂窝结构层。如图2和图6所示,第二蜂窝结构层20的上、下表面粘接有第二蒙皮6和第一蒙皮5,第二蜂窝结构层20的蜂窝中填充有第二泡沫芯材212,填充的所述第二泡沫芯材212上、下表面较浅于第二蜂窝结构层20的上、下表面,以在第二蜂窝结构层20的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的第二凹槽211,凹槽深度在1~3mm左右,诸如 0.8mm,1.2mm,1,3mm等等,越深的凹槽意味着粘接面积的增大,粘接强度越高。通过在第二蜂窝结构层20的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的第二凹槽211,能够显著增加胶粘的面积,在凹槽中固化的胶水能够形成隆起结构,增加蒙皮与蜂窝结构层的粘接强度,复合地板具有更高的强度和更轻的重量。
本实施例中的胶水采用如聚氨酯胶水、环氧树脂胶水。在胶水中可以填充填料。
填充的第一泡沫芯材和第二泡沫为聚苯乙烯泡沫或聚氨酯泡沫,可以选择相同的泡沫芯材,也可以选择不同的泡沫芯材。
所采用的蒙皮可以是复合材料蒙皮、也可以是金属蒙皮。如可以采用铝合金蒙皮、钢蒙皮。
本实施例中,第一蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径小于第二蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径。不同蜂窝口径的蜂窝结构层具有不同的重量和抗弯强度,一般的,口径较小的蜂窝结构层具有更密集的蜂窝,更密集的蜂窝意味着具有更多用于提供强度的蜂窝壁。
本实施例第一蜂窝结构层的密度为100~300kg/m3,第二蜂窝结构层的密度为50~120kg/m3。
在本实施例中,第一蜂窝结构层10由多个第一蜂窝结构部11拼接构成,第二蜂窝结构层20由多个第一蜂窝结构部21拼接构成。拼接的方式可以根据需要进行自己选择,如在复合地板面积较大时,则用于拼接的蜂窝结构部会更多。
而为了防止在拼接位置产生受力的薄弱环节,拼接的蜂窝结构部之间设置有至少一个加强件,所述的加强件具有与其中一个蜂窝结构部上表面粘接的刚性的上部,与其中一个蜂窝结构部下表面粘接的刚性的下部,至少与拼接的其中一个蜂窝结构部侧面粘接的刚性的中部。加强件能够在拼接的位置提供刚性的支撑,防止复合地板在拼接位置发生弯折、断裂等情况发生。在本实施例中,第一蜂窝结构部11之间设置有第一加强件4,第二蜂窝结构部22之间设置有第二加强件3。
加强件由涂覆有树脂的玻纤布固化形成,树脂可以采用聚氨酯树脂或环氧树脂。以图5的第二蜂窝结构层20为例,将玻纤布涂覆树脂后,玻纤布的上部向左弯折粘接贴合于左侧的第二蜂窝结构部21上表面以在固化后形成刚性的第二加强件的上部31,玻纤布的下部向右弯折粘接贴合于右侧的蜂窝结构部的下表面以在固化后形成刚性的第二加强件的下部33,当涂覆的树脂固化后,形成截面类似于“Z”形的结构。在该实施例中,第二加强件的上部31和下部33粘接在了不同蜂窝结构部上,而在一些实施例中,加强件的上部31和下部33也可以粘接在同一蜂窝结构部的上表面和下表面上,从而形成如图7所示的截面的类似于“C”形结构的加强件,在一些实施例中,拼接的两个蜂窝结构部之间设置有两个加强件,两个加强件可以是如图8所示的相背设置的“C”形结构的加强件。第一蜂窝结构层10之间设置的第一加强件4也由涂覆树脂的玻纤布固化形成,如图3所示,玻纤布的上部与左侧的第一蜂窝结构部的上表面粘接固化后形成刚性的第一加强件的上部41,玻纤布的下部与右侧的第一蜂窝结构部的下表面粘接固化后形成第一加强件的下部43,第一加强件的中部42位于拼接的第一蜂窝结构部之间。同样的,第一加强件的上部41和下部43可以粘接在不同的蜂窝结构上,也可以粘接在同一个蜂窝结构上,可以设置一个第一加强件,也可以设置多个第一加强件。
本实施例中的复合地板还包括围合于蜂窝结构层周侧的钢框架8。钢框架8 一方面强化了复合地板边缘的强度,另一方面,能够约束其中拼接的蜂窝结构部,使得各个蜂窝结构部紧密的拼接在一起。各个蒙皮边缘均粘接在钢框架8 上。具体的,第一蒙皮5的边缘依次粘接在第一蜂窝结构层侧边和钢框架8内侧面之间、以及钢框架8的上表面上,第二蒙皮6的边缘依次粘接在第二蜂窝结构层侧边和钢框架8内侧面之间,以及钢框架8的上表面上,第三蒙皮7层的边缘直接粘接在钢框架8的上表面上。
通过整体加压加热,其中的树脂逐渐固化,使得各层固定在一起形成一体的复合地板。
上述复合地板能够铺设在各种大小的集装箱中,在保证抗弯钢度的前提下,减轻自身重量,减少了集装箱的负重。
本发明中的实施例仅用于对本发明进行说明,并不构成对权利要求范围的限制,本领域内技术人员可以想到的其他实质上等同的替代,均在本发明保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合地板,其特征在于包括:
被配置成提供局部抗弯强度的第一结构层,和
被配置成提供主体抗弯强度的第二结构层,
第二结构层设置在第一结构层的下方。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合地板,其特征在于第二结构层为第二蜂窝结构层,第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面粘接有蒙皮,第二蜂窝结构层的蜂窝中填充有泡沫芯材,
填充的所述泡沫芯材上、下表面较浅于第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面,以在第二蜂窝结构层的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的第二凹槽。
3.如权利要求2所述的复合地板,其特征在于第一结构层采用竹胶板。
4.如权利要求2所述的复合地板,其特征在于第一结构层为第一蜂窝结构层,第一蜂窝结构层的上、下表面粘接有蒙皮,第一蜂窝结构层的蜂窝中填充有泡沫芯材,
填充的所述泡沫芯材的上、下表面较浅于蜂窝结构层的上、下表面,以在第一蜂窝结构层的上、下表面位置形成用于填充胶水的第一凹槽。
5.如权利要求4所述的复合地板,其特征在于第一蜂窝结构层的密度为100~300kg/m3,第二蜂窝结构层的密度为50~120kg/m3。
6.如权利要求4所述的复合地板,其特征在于第一蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径小于第二蜂窝结构层的蜂窝口径。
7.如权利要求4所述的复合地板,其特征在于所述的第一蜂窝结构层和/或第二蜂窝结构层由多个蜂窝结构部拼接构成。
8.如权利要求7所述的复合地板,其特征在于拼接的蜂窝结构部之间均设置有至少一个加强件,所述的加强件具有:
与其中一个蜂窝结构部上表面粘接的刚性的上部,
与其中一个蜂窝结构部下表面粘接的刚性的下部,
至少与拼接的其中一个蜂窝结构部侧面粘接的刚性的中部。
9.如权利要求7所述的复合地板,其特征在于所述加强件由涂覆有树脂的玻纤布固化形成。
10.如权利要求1所述的复合地板,其特征在于包括围合于蜂窝结构层周侧的钢框架,所述的蒙皮边缘粘接在钢框架上。
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CN203047528U (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-07-10 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种含增强芯材的蜂窝夹层结构件 |
CN109110310A (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-01 | 深圳蓝色海洋工程发展有限公司 | 一种集装箱地板及制造方法 |
CN109383077A (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-02-26 | 江苏科技大学 | 竖向蜂窝夹层板与制备方法及夹层板间的连接方法 |
CN110130573A (zh) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏吉润住宅科技有限公司 | 复合板、复合墙板及底盘 |
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CN203047528U (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-07-10 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种含增强芯材的蜂窝夹层结构件 |
CN109110310A (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-01 | 深圳蓝色海洋工程发展有限公司 | 一种集装箱地板及制造方法 |
CN109383077A (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-02-26 | 江苏科技大学 | 竖向蜂窝夹层板与制备方法及夹层板间的连接方法 |
CN110130573A (zh) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏吉润住宅科技有限公司 | 复合板、复合墙板及底盘 |
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