CN114009335A - Tomato breeding method - Google Patents
Tomato breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009335A CN114009335A CN202111496415.9A CN202111496415A CN114009335A CN 114009335 A CN114009335 A CN 114009335A CN 202111496415 A CN202111496415 A CN 202111496415A CN 114009335 A CN114009335 A CN 114009335A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title claims description 32
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000702308 Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003147 molecular marker Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000005094 fruit set Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101150074944 Frl gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208152 Geranium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001638069 Rigidoporus microporus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001113 umbilicus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
- A01H1/045—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection using molecular markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tomato breeding method, which comprises the following steps of male parent breeding: crossing European shell with a breeding material CP304, then using CP304 as a backcross parent, and screening male parent backcross plants according to male parent breeding standards to carry out backcross continuously; and (3) female parent breeding: hybridizing the zidary serving as a male parent and the Jinkui No. I serving as a female parent, and then screening female parent selfing plants according to female parent breeding standards to continuously perform selfing purification; and (3) cross breeding: and carrying out cross breeding on the male parent and the female parent to obtain the tomato germplasm with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, strong growth, high hardness and good fruit type. The invention has the beneficial effects that: by cultivating at least two male parents with high resistance and fruit hardness, selecting female parents with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, strong growth, good fruit type, much fruit set and high hardness, and performing hybridization breeding, the tomato germplasm with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, strong growth, high hardness and good fruit type is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of breeding, and particularly relates to a tomato breeding method.
Background
With the continuous increase of tomato planting area and continuous cropping of tomatoes in China, diseases of the tomatoes are more and more prominent, the diseases are more and more serious, the disease-resistant single variety is difficult to meet the requirements of tomato planting production areas, pesticide spraying frequency and pesticide dosage are continuously increased by farmers to prevent and control the diseases and the pests, the national food health and safety requirements are seriously violated, and meanwhile, the planting cost of the farmers is increased.
The tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease, gray leaf spot disease, fusarium root rot disease and the like are several diseases which have larger occurrence and serious influence on the tomato, and the cultivation of multi-resistance varieties is a feasible way. Meanwhile, the rapid development of the logistics industry puts higher requirements on the hardness and the storage and transportation resistance of fruits, and the demand of the terminal consumer market on high-end quality tomatoes is a problem to be considered in breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a tomato breeding method.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a tomato breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) male parent breeding: crossing European shell with a breeding material CP304, then using CP304 as a backcross parent, and screening male parent backcross plants according to male parent breeding standards to carry out backcross continuously;
and (3) female parent breeding: hybridizing the zidary serving as a male parent and the Jinkui No. I serving as a female parent, and then screening female parent selfing plants according to female parent breeding standards to continuously perform selfing purification;
and (3) cross breeding: carrying out cross breeding on the male parent and the female parent to obtain tomato germplasm with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, strong growth, high hardness and good fruit type;
the male parent breeding standard comprises the following steps:
high fruit hardness, resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, robust plants, good fruit type and good fruit setting condition;
the female parent breeding standard comprises the following steps:
high fruit hardness, tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance, strong plant, good fruit type and good fruit setting condition.
Further, the step of male parent breeding comprises the step of continuously backcrossing single plants of the backcrossed plants of the male parent screened according to the male parent breeding standard for 6 generations when the CP304 is adopted for backcrossing.
Further, the breeding step comprises the hybridization with the zidar as a male parent and the Jinchan I as a female parent; and continuously selfing the female parent selfing plant for 6 generations.
Further, in the step of male parent breeding, a TY-1 molecule is adopted for marking; and/or, FCRR molecular markers; and/or, screening the male parent backcross plants by using the gray leaf spot molecular marker.
Further, in the step of female parent breeding, a TY-1 molecular marker is adopted to screen female parent selfing plants.
Further, the CP304 is obtained by selfing breeding of Bangni.
Further, the strengthening of the plant comprises: thick stems, less pest and disease damage and dark leaf color;
the fruit type preferably comprises: smooth fruit surface, fruit-type apple or high round, and little or no fruit edge;
the fruit setting step preferably comprises: 3-6 fruits per ear, 5 ears per plant and more than 18 fruits per plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by cultivating at least two male parents with high resistance and fruit hardness, selecting female parents with tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance, strong growth, good fruit type, more fruit setting and high hardness, and then performing hybrid breeding, the tomato germplasm with tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance, fusarium root rot resistance, gray leaf spot resistance, strong growth, high hardness and good fruit type is obtained; in the whole breeding scheme, two of the resistance shapes easy to detect are concentrated on the male parent, one is at the female parent, and the expandability of the female parent on the germplasm of the male parent is utilized, so that more sample plants can be screened, the screening cost is saved, and the target screened plant can be obtained more easily; meanwhile, the shape real hardness which is inconvenient for early detection is equally distributed between the male parent and the female parent, so that the breeding efficiency is improved.
(2) The growth condition, the fruit type and other characters establish standards, and the breeding efficiency is improved.
(3) The molecular marker of the gray leaf spot is developed and applied to tomato breeding, screening can be carried out in the seedling stage, and the breeding efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand the present invention.
The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
In the examples of the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified; in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
In the examples of the present invention, the raw materials used were all conventional commercially available products.
Example 1
The breeding method for breeding the tomatoes with the resistance to TY, the resistance to gray leaf spot, the resistance to FCRR, the high fruit hardness and the good growth in the embodiment comprises the following specific operation methods:
(1) and (3) breeding the female parent, namely selecting zidar as a male parent of the female parent, and selecting Jinchan I as a female parent of the female parent.
Zidar is an unlimited growth type red-fruit tomato cultivated by the Sengda company, and the variety has short internodes, medium growth vigor, good fruit hardness, storage and transportation resistance and TY (tomato yellow leaf curl virus) resistance; the Jinchan I is a variety of pink-fruit tomatoes which are introduced in the Xian Jinchan breeding industry, and has strong plants, more fruit bearing and bright color. In order to introduce TY resistance into the pink fruit tomatoes, in 2011 spring, Qida li is taken as a male parent, a golden shed I is taken as a female parent for hybridization, then selfing is carried out, TY-1 molecular markers are used for seedling detection during breeding, plants containing TY-1 resistance are selected and remained, fields are planted, single plants which are robust in growth, good in fruit type, multiple in fruit setting and high in hardness are continuously selected and remained according to field growth and disease resistance for continuous selfing, and a stable selfing line is formed by continuous selfing for 6 generations in 2014 by using a spring-autumn greenhouse. The strain is TY-resistant, has unlimited growth type, robust plants, green leaves, pink fruits, medium and large fruits, more fruit bearing, good fruit type and higher hardness.
The specific operation process is as follows:
the robust specific phenotype of the plants: thick stems, few plant diseases and insect pests, dark leaf color and the like;
green leaf color: yellow green, black green;
fruit type: the fruit surface is smooth, the fruit shape is apple or high round, the fruit edge is little or no, and the fruit base of the fruit is small;
fruit setting condition: and (4) normally managing according to fruit setting of each ear and the fruit setting quantity of the whole plant. Generally, 3-6 fruits are kept in each ear, 5 ears are kept in each plant, and then each plant bears fruits: preferably, more than 18; 14-17 of the plants; and the difference is less than 13.
Fruit hardness: when the fruit is completely colored, the fruit is harvested and lightly kneaded with a hand for evaluation according to hand feeling.
(2) The breeding of male parent, crossing CP304 with European shell, starting with hybrid strain, and backcrossing with CP304 continuously for 6 generations. And (3) screening by combining with field properties, selecting plants with resistance to the three diseases for continuous backcross, and carrying out continuous backcross for 6 generations by using a spring and autumn greenhouse to breed a plant line CP312-1, wherein the plant line has the properties similar to those of CP304, high fruit hardness, TY resistance, FCRR resistance and gray leaf spot resistance.
In this embodiment, the male parent CP304 was a line obtained by self-crossing and separating from bonnie, a 2-year generation, and continuously self-crossing for 7 generations from the company israel, heiziela, and separating and breeding in 2013. The strain has black and green leaves, strong growth, good comprehensive disease resistance, dark pink fruits, fruit-shaped apples, smooth and non-edge fruit surfaces, small fruit umbilicus, high fine fruit rate, strong continuous fruit setting capability, uniform and consistent fruit shapes, high fruit hardness and good plant combining ability, and a plurality of excellent varieties are bred by taking the strain as a parent. However, the strain does not resist FCRR and gray leaf spot, and has excellent comprehensive performance through germplasm screening, European Behcet resistance TY, FCRR resistance and gray leaf spot resistance, so that the FCRR and gray leaf spot resistance genes are introduced into the strain CP304 by taking the strain as a material to improve the disease resistance of the strain.
In the process of male parent breeding and female parent breeding, the related molecular markers comprise:
molecular markers for resisting gray leaf spot of Gaojiangchang, Sudao plum, Duyonchen, etc. Indel markers linked with gene Sm for resisting gray leaf spot of tomato, amplification primers and application thereof, Chinese patent No. 201510855183.2017-06-09
FCRR molecular marker C2-25 reference: [1] staniaszek M, Szczechura W, Marczewski W. identification of a New Molecular Marker C2-25 Linked to the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp radius-lysine Resistance Frl Gene in Tomato [ J ]. Czech Journal of Genetics & Plant braking, 2014,50(4):285-287.
Ty1 molecular marker NL2-3 Geranium, treulon, Li Hanxia, etc. development of double SNP marker of tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistant gene Ty-1 [ J ]. Hill et al [ J ]. Hill, 2014,41(008):1583-1590.
The specific operation process is as follows: the planting environment and the method are the same as those of F1 generation cultivation, and a breeding method of a high-quality pink tomato with good taste and good storage and transportation resistance is referred.
The robust specific phenotype of the plants: thick stems, few plant diseases and insect pests, dark leaf color and the like;
green leaf color: yellow green, black green;
fruit type: the fruit surface is smooth, the fruit shape is apple or high round, the fruit edge is little or no, and the fruit base of the fruit is small;
fruit setting condition: and (4) normally managing according to fruit setting of each ear and the fruit setting quantity of the whole plant. Generally, 3-6 fruits are kept in each ear, 5 ears are kept in each plant, and then each plant bears fruits: preferably, more than 18; 14-17 of the plants; and the difference is less than 13.
Fruit hardness: when the fruit is completely colored, the fruit is harvested and lightly kneaded with a hand for evaluation according to hand feeling.
(3) Crossbreeding
And hybridizing the male parent and the female parent to obtain a hybrid.
The first generation hybrid seeds were planted, and the statistics of the traits of the hybrid plants are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 statistics table of the shapes of the miscellaneous plants
In table 1, the fruit cracking rate is the statistics of fruits in the first ear to the fifth ear of the tomato plant at different time, the first statistics is the fruit cracking rate (the first time), and the second statistics is the fruit cracking rate (the second time); the tomato quality is detected by NY/T2236-2012.
In this example, the method of planting the male and female parents is consistent with that disclosed in application No. 201910411741.1, and the method of planting the hybrid is also consistent with that disclosed in 201910411741.1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the tomato variety cultivated by the method of the present invention is resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, robust in growth, high in hardness and excellent in fruit type.
It should be noted that the above examples are only for further illustration and description of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to further limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A tomato breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) male parent breeding: crossing European shell with a breeding material CP304, then using CP304 as a backcross parent, and screening male parent backcross plants according to male parent breeding standards to carry out backcross continuously;
and (3) female parent breeding: hybridizing the zidary serving as a male parent and the Jinkui No. I serving as a female parent, and then screening female parent selfing plants according to female parent breeding standards to continuously perform selfing purification;
and (3) cross breeding: carrying out cross breeding on the male parent and the female parent to obtain tomato germplasm with resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, strong growth, high hardness and good fruit type;
the male parent breeding standard comprises the following steps:
high fruit hardness, resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus, fusarium root rot, gray leaf spot, robust plants, good fruit type and good fruit setting condition;
the female parent breeding standard comprises the following steps:
high fruit hardness, tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance, strong plant, good fruit type and good fruit setting condition.
2. The tomato breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of male parent breeding comprises that when CP304 is adopted for backcross, the selected male parent backcrossed plant according to the male parent breeding standard is backcrossed for 6 generations continuously.
3. The tomato breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding step comprises hybridizing zidary as male parent and Jinkung No. I as female parent; and continuously selfing the female parent selfing plant for 6 generations.
4. The tomato breeding method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step of male parent breeding, the molecular mark of TY-1 is adopted; and/or, FCRR molecular markers; and/or, screening the male parent backcross plants by using the gray leaf spot molecular marker.
5. The tomato breeding method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein in the female parent breeding step, the female parent selfed plant is screened by TY-1 molecular marker.
6. The tomato breeding method of claim 1, wherein the CP304 is obtained from Bangni by selfing.
7. The tomato breeding method according to claim 1,
the strengthening of the plant comprises: thick stems, less pest and disease damage and dark leaf color;
the fruit type preferably comprises: smooth fruit surface, fruit-type apple or high round, and little or no fruit edge;
the fruit setting step preferably comprises: 3-6 fruits per ear, 5 ears per plant and more than 18 fruits per plant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111496415.9A CN114009335A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Tomato breeding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111496415.9A CN114009335A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Tomato breeding method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116076358A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-05-09 | 武汉楚为种业科技有限公司 | Breeding method and application of colored cherry tomatoes resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus diseases |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110150136A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉楚为生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to storage and transportation fine work steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots tomato in good taste |
| CN111066651A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Breeding method of tomato nematode-resistant and yellowing-resistant leaf curl virus-resistant variety |
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202111496415.9A patent/CN114009335A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110150136A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉楚为生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of resistance to storage and transportation fine work steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots tomato in good taste |
| CN111066651A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Breeding method of tomato nematode-resistant and yellowing-resistant leaf curl virus-resistant variety |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 天津德澳特种业有限公司: "德澳特4224", 《中国蔬菜》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116076358A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-05-09 | 武汉楚为种业科技有限公司 | Breeding method and application of colored cherry tomatoes resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus diseases |
| CN116076358B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-01-26 | 武汉楚为种业科技有限公司 | Breeding method and application of colored cherry tomatoes resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus diseases |
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