CN114006061A

CN114006061A - Battery control system

Info

Publication number: CN114006061A
Application number: CN202111282473.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙佳欢
Original assignee: Fawer Automotive Parts Co Ltd; Fawer Smart Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fawer Automotive Parts Co Ltd; Fawer Smart Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-01
Filing date: 2021-11-01
Publication date: 2022-02-01

Abstract

The application provides a battery control system, includes: the system comprises a plurality of retired battery packs, a plurality of battery management modules and a plurality of battery management modules, wherein each retired battery pack comprises a battery module and a battery management system; at least one conversion controller, each conversion controller of the at least one conversion controller being connected to the battery management system of at least one retired battery pack, each conversion controller communicating with the battery management system of at least one retired battery pack via a first communication protocol; and the upper layer controller is respectively connected to each conversion controller, the upper layer controller and each conversion controller are communicated through a second communication protocol, and the first communication protocol is different from the second communication protocol. According to the application, the conversion controller can realize communication between the retired battery pack supporting different communication protocols and the upper-layer controller, the retired battery pack does not need to be unpacked, and the work and cost input for replacing the battery management system of the battery pack and the wiring harness are reduced.

Description

Battery control system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of gradient utilization of retired power battery packs, in particular to a battery control system.

Background

With the rapid development of new energy automobiles, the problem of large-scale decommissioning of power batteries also comes along, and the existing solution is to perform echelon utilization on the recovered power batteries, namely, to perform necessary inspection, detection, classification, splitting, battery repair or recombination on the waste power storage batteries into echelon products, so that the echelon products can be applied to the processes of other fields.

However, the types of the power battery packs after the retirement of the automobile are not uniform, and the power battery packs customized for the specific automobile types of different automobile enterprises have larger differences in the aspects of structure, specification, parameters and the like. The conventional method needs to disassemble and reassemble the power Battery pack, for example, a Battery Management System (BMS) needs to be replaced, which needs to modify low-voltage communication and power supply lines inside the power Battery pack again, but not only breaks the original safety protection design of the power Battery pack, but also needs to increase more cost. For some power battery packs with daughter board modules, the communication between the main board and the daughter board is more difficult, and only the daughter board and the jumper connection sampling mode can be abandoned.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery control system, which realizes communication between a battery management system of an original retired battery pack and an upper controller through a conversion controller without disassembling and reassembling the retired battery pack, so as to solve the problem of communication management between existing BMS of different models and the upper controller.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery control system, where the battery control system includes: the system comprises a plurality of retired battery packs, a plurality of battery management modules and a plurality of battery management modules, wherein each retired battery pack comprises a battery module and a battery management system; at least one conversion controller, each conversion controller of the at least one conversion controller being connected to the battery management system of at least one retired battery pack, each conversion controller communicating with the battery management system of at least one retired battery pack via a first communication protocol; and the upper layer controller is respectively connected to each conversion controller, the upper layer controller and each conversion controller are communicated through a second communication protocol, and the first communication protocol is different from the second communication protocol.

Preferably, the plurality of retired battery packs are original battery packs detached from vehicles of different models, and the first communication protocol is an original communication protocol supported by each original battery pack.

Preferably, the battery management system of each retired battery pack performs the following processes: packaging the collected battery data of the retired battery pack into a first data pack under a first communication protocol, and sending the first data pack to a conversion controller connected with the retired battery pack; each conversion controller performs the following processing: decapsulating the received first data packet to obtain battery data corresponding to the retired battery packet; judging the fault state of the corresponding retired battery pack according to the acquired battery data; and packaging the fault state judgment result into a second data packet under a second communication protocol, and sending the second data packet to the upper layer controller.

Preferably, the battery control system further includes: each battery access relay in the at least one battery access relay is arranged between the at least one retired battery pack and the external power supply loop respectively, so that the working state of the battery access relays is controlled by the conversion controller connected with the at least one retired battery pack.

Preferably, each conversion controller performs the following processing: determining an original failure threshold for each retired battery pack connected to the converter controller; determining a local protection threshold of the conversion controller according to the original fault threshold; and controlling the working state of the battery access relay controlled by the conversion controller according to the battery data of each retired battery pack connected with the conversion controller and the local protection threshold value.

Preferably, each converter controller is also hard-wired to the hard-wired signal drive port of its controlled battery access relay, wherein each converter controller controls the operating state of the corresponding battery access relay by at least one of: the working state of the battery access relay is controlled by controlling the current of a coil of the battery access relay; the working state of the battery access relay is controlled by transmitting a control signal through a hard wire.

Preferably, the battery control system further includes: and the grid-end circuit breaker is arranged between the upper-layer controller and an external power grid, so that the upper-layer controller controls the working state of the grid-end circuit breaker.

Preferably, the upper layer controller performs the following processing: decapsulating the received second data packet to obtain battery data and a fault state of the corresponding retired battery packet; and controlling the working state of the circuit breaker at the power grid end according to the obtained battery data and the fault state.

Preferably, each conversion controller further performs the following processing: determining the current working voltage; determining a voltage interval of the current working voltage; and controlling the conversion controller to work under the control strategy corresponding to the determined voltage interval.

Preferably, the communication protocols supported by the battery management system of the at least one retired battery pack connected to each conversion controller are the same.

According to the battery control system provided by the embodiment of the application, at least one conversion controller is connected with the battery management systems of one or more retired battery packs, the conversion controller and the battery management systems of the retired battery packs are communicated through a first communication protocol, at least one conversion controller is connected with an upper controller, the conversion controller and the upper controller are communicated through a second communication protocol, and therefore communication between the retired battery packs and the upper controller is achieved through the conversion controller.

According to the application, the conversion controller can realize communication between the retired battery pack supporting different communication protocols and the upper-layer controller, the retired battery pack does not need to be unpacked, and the work and cost input for replacing the battery management system of the battery pack and the wiring harness are reduced.

In addition, through this application, also need not to change the original design of retired battery package for the original safety protection design of battery can continue, improves the security that retired battery package echelon utilized.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a retired battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a basic architecture diagram of a conversion controller according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Every other embodiment that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

The application scenarios of the battery control system of the application can include but are not limited to the fields of energy storage and standby power, the energy storage is an important application direction for echelon utilization, and the echelon battery is suitable for being applied to the fields of standby power energy storage of a base station, general industrial and commercial energy storage, distributed micro energy storage and the like by taking the energy storage scenario as an example. The whole package utilization is a relatively economic mode in consideration of relatively large introduction of the disassembly and recombination cost.

However, the types of the power battery packs after the retirement of the automobile are not uniform, the power battery packs customized for specific automobile types of different automobile enterprises have large differences in structure, specification, parameters and the like, the power battery packs of different types are difficult to use uniformly in one system, and the communication management of different BMSs is a difficult point.

Traditional way needs to be disassembled and recombined power battery package, for example, change BMS, and this needs to revise power battery package inside low pressure communication and power supply line again, but above-mentioned mode has not only broken power battery package original safety protection design etc. also need to increase more cost, and to some power battery package that have the daughter board module, the communication of mainboard and daughter board is more difficult, only can adopt to abandon daughter board, the mode of jumper connection sampling.

In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery control system to implement communication between a retired battery pack and an upper controller through a conversion controller, and a power battery pack does not need to be disassembled and reassembled, so that the workload and the cost for echelon utilization of the retired battery pack can be reduced, and the safety of echelon utilization of the retired battery pack can be improved.

For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a detailed description of a battery control system provided in the embodiments of the present application is provided below.

Please refer to fig. 1, which is a diagram illustrating a battery control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The battery control system 100 includes a plurality of retired battery packs 110, at least one conversion controller 120, and an upper controller 130.

The composition of each retired battery pack is described below with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a retired battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the embodiment of the present application, each retired battery PACK (also referred to as battery PACK)110 may be an original battery PACK detached from a new energy vehicle of a different model, that is, in the embodiment of the present application, the retired battery PACK detached from the vehicle is completely used, and the original power battery structure and safety protection design of the retired battery PACK are not changed.

Here, the retired battery pack detached from the new energy vehicle may not meet the cruising ability requirement or the capacity requirement of the vehicle, but the retired battery pack may still be used.

As shown in fig. 2, each retired battery pack 110 includes a battery module 1101 (which may be composed of a plurality of battery cells) and a Battery Management System (BMS)1102 for collecting battery parameters of the battery module 1101 and for communicating with the converter controller 120 outside of the retired battery pack.

Each decommissioned battery pack 110 is a battery pack detached from different new energy vehicles, and a control logic and a safety protection design adapted to a vehicle-mounted controller (VCU) of an original new energy vehicle are installed in the BMS of each decommissioned battery pack 110.

Each decommissioned battery pack 110 further comprises a battery pack internal relay 1103, and the battery pack internal relay 1103 is packaged inside the decommissioned battery pack 110 to control the connection state between the battery module 1101 and the external power supply loop.

Here, the battery pack internal relays 1103 in each decommissioned battery pack 110 are original relays of the decommissioned battery pack 110, and the BMS1102 of each decommissioned battery pack 110 may control the on/off of the corresponding battery pack internal relays 1103 based on original control logic and safety protection design.

For each retired battery pack 110, the BMS1102 may collect battery parameters of the battery module 1101, set an original fault threshold in the BMS, the original fault threshold being determined in the original control logic and safety protection design, and the BMS controls the on/off of the battery pack internal relay 1103 according to the original fault threshold.

For example, taking the example that the battery parameters include the voltage value of the battery module, the BMS compares the current voltage value of the battery module 1101 with the original voltage failure threshold value of the battery module 1101, and if the current voltage value of the battery module 1101 is greater than the original voltage failure threshold value, the BMS disconnects the battery pack internal relay 1103 corresponding to the battery module 1101, i.e., cuts out a single retired battery pack.

The BMS is designed for the original control logic and safety protection of the retired battery pack for the control logic of the battery pack internal relay 1103, and this part is not modified in the present application.

For example, the battery parameters of the battery module may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: the voltage value of the battery module, the temperature value of the battery module, the SOC (State of Charge) value of the battery module, and accordingly, the original fault threshold corresponds to the battery parameter, which may include but is not limited to at least one of the following items: a voltage threshold of a single battery module, a temperature threshold of a single battery module, and an SOC threshold of a single battery module.

Returning to fig. 1, the BMS1102 of the at least one retired battery pack 110 is connected to one conversion controller (MSTC)120, i.e., each conversion controller 120 of the at least one conversion controller 120 is connected to the battery management system 1102 of the at least one retired battery pack 110.

Taking the example shown in fig. 1 as an example, one converter controller a may be connected to the BMS of the retired battery pack a and the BMS of the retired battery pack B, and one converter controller B may be connected to the BMS of one retired battery pack C.

In the embodiment of the present application, the conversion controller 120 communicates with the connected retired battery pack 110 through a first communication protocol, where the first communication protocol is an original communication protocol supported by each original retired battery pack 110, that is, the first communication protocol is a communication protocol used by the retired battery pack 110 to communicate with the VCU of the new energy vehicle on the new energy vehicle before being dismounted. By way of example, the first communication protocol may include, but is not limited to, the communication protocol of a CAN bus such as ISO11898 or ISO 11519.

The battery management system 1102 of each retired battery pack 110 may encapsulate the collected battery data of the retired battery pack 110 into a first data packet under the first communication protocol, and send the first data packet to the conversion controller 120 connected to the retired battery pack 110.

By way of example, the first data packet may include, but is not limited to: battery data corresponding to the battery module 1101 of the retired battery pack 110 and port information indicating the transmission of the data packet. For example, the battery data may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: the voltage value of the battery module 1101, the temperature value of the battery module 1101, and fault information reported by the BMS.

The conversion controller 120 may unpack and reassemble the received first data packet, and the reassembled data may satisfy the communication requirement of the upper controller 130.

In one case, the communication protocols supported by the BMS of each of the retired battery packs 110 connected to one conversion controller 120 are different.

Here, since the BMS of the retired battery pack detached from the different vehicle is adapted to the original vehicle, the communication protocols supported by the BMS of each retired battery pack may be different, and in this case, the BMS supporting the different communication protocols may be connected to one switching controller 120.

Specifically, the converter controller 120 itself may support a plurality of communication protocols, and the converter controller 120 knows in advance the communication protocols supported by the BMS of each of the retired battery packs connected thereto. Based on this, the switching controller 120 may receive the first data packet and the battery pack identifier from the BMS of the connected retired battery pack, and based on the battery pack identifier, the switching controller 120 may determine the communication protocol supported by the BMS, thereby parsing the first data packet to obtain the corresponding battery data.

Based on above-mentioned connected mode, can be convenient for utilize the echelon of BMS to different models, but data transmission error easily appears, and the load factor is high.

Alternatively, a BMS supporting a retired battery pack of the same communication protocol may be connected to one switching controller 120.

That is, the original communication protocol supported by the original battery packs connected to the same converter controller 120 is the same, i.e., the communication protocol supported by the battery management system of the at least one retired battery pack 110 connected to each converter controller 120 is the same. Thus, the switching controller 120 can maintain a communication protocol in the same network when communicating with each BMS connected thereto, thereby effectively preventing data transmission errors and congestion and improving data transmission efficiency.

Specifically, the converter controller 120 may support a plurality of communication protocols, after knowing in advance the communication protocol supported by the BMS of each retired battery pack connected thereto, the converter controller 120 may set the communication mode between the converter controller 120 and each connected BMS to communicate with the communication protocol supported by the BMS, and then directly interact with the communication protocol in the set communication mode when data interaction is performed between the converter controller 120 and each BMS, without determining the communication protocol supported by the BMS each time data communication is performed.

In an example, the conversion controller 120 may include a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver integrated on a hardware circuit board of the conversion controller 120. The conversion controller 120 may be configured with no less than 3 CAN channel interfaces. The external data transceiving is transmitted by the conversion controller 120 via the CAN transceiver, and the CAN controller is configured to process data received and transmitted by the CAN transceiver, for example, the CAN transceiver receives a first data packet, which is transmitted by the retired battery pack 110 and is packed according to an original communication protocol, and the CAN controller performs data parsing and reassembly on the first data packet.

Further, each conversion controller 120 may decapsulate the received first data packet to obtain the battery data corresponding to the retired battery pack 110. Based on the obtained battery data, the fault status of the corresponding retired battery pack 110 is determined.

Each conversion controller 120 may compare the battery data of each connected retired battery pack 110 with the local protection threshold of the conversion controller, and perform fault handling for each retired battery pack 110 based on the comparison.

Here, the local protection threshold may be configured according to the new characteristics of each retired battery pack. For example, the retired battery pack 110 is more likely to have safety risks such as overcharge, the highest charging voltage needs to be adjusted downward, and the specific safety voltage threshold to be adjusted downward is performed by a comprehensive cell capacity repair strategy.

The vehicle-mounted BMS has a fault diagnosis function and a corresponding protection strategy for the battery system, in the whole package application process of the energy storage system, the used battery package is a retired battery package, the battery package and a new battery package of the vehicle-mounted application are attenuated in performance and capacity, meanwhile, the high safety requirement of an energy storage product is considered, the conversion controller is additionally provided with a local protection function on the basis of the original BMS protection strategy, and the battery pack is mainly used for further protecting information such as a single voltage value, a module temperature value, a total voltage value and faults reported by the BMS so as to ensure the safe operation of the system.

Exemplary, protection functions of the conversion controller may include, but are not limited to: firstly, the overvoltage and undervoltage protection function of the single battery cell is realized; over-temperature and under-temperature protection functions of the module temperature; the over-high and over-low protection function of the SOC; fourthly, the protection function of overvoltage and undervoltage of the total voltage is realized.

In an alternative example, each conversion controller 120 may determine the local protection threshold by: and determining an original failure threshold value of each retired battery pack connected with the conversion controller, and determining a local protection threshold value of the conversion controller according to the determined original failure threshold values. As an example, the local protection threshold may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: a local voltage threshold of a single battery module, a local temperature threshold of a single battery module, a local SOC threshold of a single battery module.

For example, the minimum value of the original failure threshold values of all the retired battery packs connected to the conversion controller may be determined as the local protection threshold value, and the local protection threshold value may also be set to be smaller than the minimum value of each original failure threshold value, so as to avoid the safety risk of each retired battery pack.

In a preferred embodiment, the battery control system 100 may further include at least one battery access relay 140, and each battery access relay 140 of the at least one battery access relay 140 is respectively disposed between at least one retired battery pack 110 and the external power supply loop, so that the operating state of the battery access relay 140 is controlled by the conversion controller 120 connected to the at least one retired battery pack 110. Here, the operation state may include a relay closed, a relay open.

For example, for each conversion controller 120, at least one retired battery pack 110 connected to the conversion controller 120 may be connected to an external power supply loop through a DCDC (direct current voltage converter), and a battery access relay 140 corresponding to the conversion controller 120 may be disposed between the at least one retired battery pack 110 and the DCDC.

As an example, the control process of the conversion controller 120 may be as follows: the conversion controller 120 compares the battery parameter of each retired battery pack 110 with a local protection threshold, and if there is any retired battery pack whose battery parameter is greater than the local protection threshold, the conversion controller 120 generates a first control signal and sends the first control signal to the BMS of the any retired battery pack through a first communication protocol to control the internal relay 1103 of the battery pack of the any retired battery pack to cut off. If the battery parameters of all the retired battery packs are greater than the local protection threshold, the conversion controller 120 generates a second control signal to control the battery access relay corresponding to the conversion controller to be switched off, so as to switch out all the retired battery packs connected to the conversion controller. However, the present application is not limited to this, and the battery access relay corresponding to the conversion controller may also be controlled to be switched off when it is determined that there is one or two or more retired battery packs whose battery parameter is greater than the local protection threshold.

In an alternative example, the conversion controller 120 may also determine the fault status of each retired battery pack by: and inputting the received battery parameter(s) of the retired battery pack into a fault judgment model to obtain a fault identifier for indicating the fault level of the retired battery pack. By way of example, the failure levels may include, but are not limited to: primary fault, secondary fault, tertiary fault.

For example, when the converter controller 120 determines that there is a primary failure in any one of the retired battery packs, it may generate a first failure handling instruction and send the first failure handling instruction to the BMS of the any retired battery pack based on the first communication protocol, the BMS performing a corresponding action in response to the first failure handling instruction. By way of example, the first fault handling instruction includes, but is not limited to, at least one of: a power limit instruction and a current limit instruction.

When the converter controller 120 determines that there is a secondary fault with any of the retired battery packs, it may generate a second fault handling instruction and send the second fault handling instruction to the BMS for any of the retired battery packs based on the first communication protocol, and the BMS performs a corresponding action in response to the second fault handling instruction. As an example, the second fault handling instruction includes, but is not limited to, any of: a control instruction for turning off the charging function, and a control instruction for turning off the discharging function. Here, the second fault handling instruction may be determined based on the operating phase in which the any retired battery pack is currently in, for example, a control instruction for turning off the charging function if the any retired battery pack is currently in the charging phase, and a control instruction for turning off the discharging function if the any retired battery pack is currently in the discharging phase.

When the converter controller 120 determines that there is a tertiary fault for any retired battery pack, a third fault handling instruction may be generated and sent to the BMS for the any retired battery pack based on the first communication protocol, the BMS performing a corresponding action in response to the third fault handling instruction. By way of example, the third fault handling instruction includes, but is not limited to: and the control instruction is used for cutting off the relay so as to force the retired battery pack to be powered down. Here, the third failure processing instruction may be a control instruction for cutting off the internal relay of the battery pack of any one of the retired battery packs, or may be a control instruction for cutting off the battery access relay corresponding to the conversion controller.

In the embodiment of the application, a fault judgment model may be constructed for each retired battery pack, and the data used for training the fault judgment model includes battery parameters from one retired battery pack and an original fault threshold. In this case, the conversion controller 120 may determine the fault level of a single retired battery pack based on the received battery parameters of each retired battery pack and the corresponding fault determination model, and generate a fault handling instruction for the single retired battery pack based on the fault level of the single retired battery pack. At this time, the third fault handling instruction may be a control instruction for cutting off the pack internal relay of any retired battery pack, where the BMS of the any retired battery pack can control the pack internal relay based on the original control logic, the third fault handling instruction being generated by the switching controller and being different from the original control logic of the BMS.

In this embodiment, a failure determination model may be constructed for each conversion controller, that is, the failure state of all the retired battery packs connected to the conversion controller is determined, and the data used for training the failure determination model includes battery parameters, original failure threshold values, and local protection threshold values of all the retired battery packs connected to the conversion controller. In this case, the conversion controller 120 may determine the fault levels of all the retired battery packs based on the received battery parameters of each retired battery pack and the fault determination model, and generate the fault handling instruction based on the fault levels of all the retired battery packs. For example, for a primary fault and a secondary fault, the generated first fault handling instruction and second fault handling instruction may be issued to each connected BMS to control each BMS to perform the same action, and for a tertiary fault, the third fault handling instruction may be a control instruction for cutting off a battery access relay corresponding to the converter controller.

The first-level fault and the second-level fault can be automatically recovered, and the third-level fault needs to be manually recovered.

By the control process, the switching-out control of a single retired battery pack and all retired battery packs connected with the conversion controller can be realized, so that the control mode is more flexible.

The upper layer controller 130 is connected to each of the conversion controllers 120, respectively, and the upper layer controller 130 communicates with each of the conversion controllers 120 through a second communication protocol.

Here, the first communication protocol is different from the second communication protocol, that is, the switching controller 120 may implement protocol switching between the BMS for the retired battery pack and the upper controller, and implement unified management and control of the BMS supporting the different communication protocols without unpacking the retired battery pack.

For example, after determining the fault status of the corresponding retired battery pack 110, each conversion controller 120 may encapsulate the fault status determination result into a second data packet in the second communication protocol, and send the second data packet to the upper controller 130. As an example, the fault status determination result may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: active cutting-off reasons, cutting-off request node information and fault field data.

Illustratively, the upper controller 130 may be an EMS (Element Management System), a PCS (Process Control System), or the like. As an example, the second communication protocol may include an ISO11898 protocol.

That is, the switching controller 120 may perform CAN message transceiving with the BMS of the retired battery pack 110 based on the first communication protocol, and the switching controller 120 may also perform CAN message transceiving with the upper controller 130 based on the second communication protocol, so as to implement data relay.

The upper controller 130 may receive the second data packet, perform corresponding processing, package the processing result into a third data packet according to the ISO11898 protocol, and send the slew controller 120. The state information of the DCDC may be packed into a third packet, and the slew controller 120 may be transmitted. The DCDC status information herein may include a current value of the DCDC, a voltage value of the DCDC, an operation status of the DCDC, and the like. The DCDC may be a voltage converter disposed between the retired battery pack and the external power supply loop, and the DCDC status information may be used to assist the conversion controller 120 in controlling the battery access relay.

In an optional embodiment, the upper controller 130 may further encapsulate the control command for each retired battery pack into a fourth data packet in the second communication protocol, and send the fourth data packet to the converter controller corresponding to each retired battery pack.

As an example, the switching controller may be used to implement a node simulation function, which may be implemented to simulate the CAN nodes of other associated controllers required by the BMS that originally retired the battery pack, to simulate the external network conditions required for the BMS to operate, and to send related messages according to the communication protocol requirements.

For example, the conversion controller may be used to simulate the function of the VCU of the vehicle, when the retired battery pack 110 is installed on the original vehicle, before charging and discharging, some preprocessing, such as power-on detection, pre-charging loop control, etc., is required to be performed with the VCU of the original vehicle. For this situation, the upper controller may generate a corresponding control command and send the control command to the converter controller, and the converter controller simulates the function of the VCU of the original vehicle and issues the control command to each BMS.

The converter controller simulates the communication node function (i.e., VCU function) of the original vehicle, and for example, may provide external signal conditions required by the BMS to support the BMS to perform "power-up and power-down procedure", "charge and discharge control", "relay emergency control", and other BMS basic functions. Here, when the switching controller simulates the node function, the control sequence of each BMS is consistent, for example, when the system is started, the power-on process needs to be executed first, and then all the retired battery packs can be controlled to execute the processes of insulation detection, low-voltage power-on, contactor closing, battery state reporting and the like.

In the battery control system 100 provided in this embodiment, at least one conversion controller 120 is connected to the battery management systems 1102 of one or more retired battery packs 110, the conversion controller 120 communicates with the battery management systems 1102 of the retired battery packs through a first communication protocol, the conversion controller 120 communicates with the upper controller 130 through at least one conversion controller 120, and the conversion controller 120 communicates with the upper controller 130 through a second communication protocol, so that communication between the upper controller 130 and a plurality of retired battery packs 110 supporting different protocols is achieved.

In the embodiment of the present application, the conversion controller 120 may control the operation state of the battery access relay 140 in the following two ways.

In one case, the switching controller 120 controls the operation state of the battery access relay 140 by controlling the current magnitude of the coil of the battery access relay 140.

For example, the battery access relay 140 includes a coil and a relay switch, the conversion controller 120 is connected to the coil, the relay switch is disposed between the retired battery pack and the DCDC (for example, may be disposed between the positive electrode of the retired battery pack and the positive electrode of the DCDC), the conversion controller 120 controls the coil of the battery access relay 140 to be energized, so that the relay switch of the battery access relay 140 is closed, so that the retired battery pack is connected with the DCDC, and the conversion controller 120 controls the coil of the battery access relay 140 to be de-energized, so that the relay switch of the battery access relay 140 is opened, so that the retired battery pack is disconnected from the DCDC, and the retired battery pack is cut out.

Alternatively, the switching controller 120 controls the operation state of the battery access relay by hard-wiring a control signal.

Each battery access relay also has a hard-wired signal drive port, in which case each converter controller is also hard-wired to the hard-wired signal drive port of the battery access relay it controls.

For example, when the converter controller determines that all the retired battery packs connected to the converter controller are in the third-level fault in the above manner, a third fault processing instruction is sent to the battery access relay through a hard wire to control the battery access relay to be switched off. Therefore, when the communication fault exists between the conversion controller and the battery access relay or the BMS, the action of the battery access relay can still be controlled in the manner of hard wire connection, so that the working safety of the retired battery pack is ensured, and the emergency protection is realized.

In an alternative example, the battery control system 100 may further include a grid-side circuit breaker (not shown). The grid-side circuit breaker is disposed between the upper controller 130 and the external grid 150 to control an operation state of the grid-side circuit breaker by the upper controller 130.

For example, the upper controller 130 decapsulates the received second data packet, obtains battery data and a fault state corresponding to the retired battery pack 110, and controls an operating state of the grid-side circuit breaker according to the obtained battery data and the fault state.

Illustratively, the fault condition may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: the failure level of a single retired battery pack of each retired battery pack connected with the conversion controller is determined by the conversion controller, and the failure levels of all retired battery packs connected with the conversion controller are determined by the conversion controller.

For the case that the fault state includes the fault level of a single retired battery pack, the upper controller 130 parses the second data packet sent by any switching controller, and if it is determined that the number of the single retired battery packs belonging to the third-level fault is greater than the number threshold, a fourth fault processing instruction is generated, where the fourth fault processing instruction is used to control the battery access relay to be turned off, and send the fourth fault processing instruction to the any switching controller, and the any switching controller controls the corresponding battery access relay to be turned off in response to the fourth fault processing instruction. If it is determined that the number of individual retired battery packs belonging to the three-stage fault is not greater than (i.e., less than or equal to) the first number threshold, the upper controller 130 simply records the fault information without performing other processing.

For the case that the fault state includes the fault levels of all the retired battery packs, the upper controller 130 parses the second data packets sent by all the conversion controllers, and if it is determined that the number of the conversion controllers with the three-level fault is greater than the second number threshold, a fifth fault processing instruction is generated to control the grid-side circuit breaker to open, so that all the retired battery packs controlled by each conversion controller connected to the upper controller 130 are cut out from the grid. If it is determined that the number of converter controllers having three-level failures is not greater than the second number threshold, the upper controller 130 simply records failure information without performing other processes.

In an alternative example, the upper controller 130 obtains the battery data and the fault status of each retired battery pack 110 after parsing the received second data pack, and at this time, the battery data and the fault status may be input into a fault identification model to obtain a target overall fault level, which may include, but is not limited to, a plurality of levels, and which level is currently determined based on the fault identification model. If the overall fault level belongs to the highest level of the plurality of levels, the upper controller 130 generates a fifth fault handling instruction to control the grid-side breaker to be turned off, and if the overall fault level belongs to the other levels except the highest level of the plurality of levels, the upper controller 130 only records the fault information and does not perform other processing.

It should be understood that the upper controller 130 may control the charging and discharging processes of each retired battery pack according to the power demand and the battery parameters of each retired battery pack, and the upper controller 130 may issue instructions to control different relays to be closed, so as to access the corresponding retired battery pack to the external power grid, perform fault judgment during the charging or discharging process of each retired battery pack according to the battery parameters fed back by each retired battery pack in real time, and perform corresponding fault treatment based on the above fault judgment and treatment manner.

In an alternative example, each conversion controller 120 further performs the following processing:

determining the current operating voltage, determining a voltage interval in which the current operating voltage is located, and controlling the converter controller 120 to operate under a control strategy corresponding to the determined voltage interval.

Specifically, each converter controller 120 has a power management function, and the converter controllers 120 have different mechanisms under different operating voltages, as shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Voltage range	Operation of
		>18V	Has short-term working capacity and self-protection capacity
16V～18V	Can limit the function work
		9V～16V	Normal operation
6.5V～9V	Normal communication, limited drive function operation
		0V～6.5V	Operation in this voltage range is not required
-14V～0V	Has the power supply reverse connection protection function

Taking table 1 as an example, when the operating voltage of the converter controller 120 is greater than 18V (volt), the converter controller 120 has short-term operation capability and self-protection capability, that is, when the operating voltage is greater than 18V, data backup can be performed in a short period before the insurance is cut off, the self status information is uploaded to the upper controller to be stored, and a first cut-off control command is generated, and the first cut-off control command is issued to the BMS of each connected retired battery pack to control each BMS to cut off the internal relay of the battery pack.

When the operating voltage of the converter controller 120 is within 16V to 18V, it is necessary to limit the function operation to avoid overloading the converter controller.

When the operating voltage of the converter controller 120 is within 9V to 16V, the converter controller 120 can operate normally. For example, the conversion controller 120 may perform the processing steps described above.

When the operating voltage of the switching controller 120 is within 6.5V to 9V, the switching controller 120 may maintain the communication function, for example, the data relay function between the upper controller and each BMS as described above, and at the same time, since the operating voltage is low, it is not guaranteed that all driving operations can be performed, and thus, it is necessary to limit the driving function.

When the operating voltage of the converter controller 120 is within 0V to 6.5V, the converter controller 120 is in a standby state and is not operated at all, and at this time, the protocol analysis, the data relay, and the driving operations cannot be performed.

When the operating voltage of the converter controller 120 is within negative 14V to 0V, the converter controller 120 has a reverse polarity protection function to prevent the hardware devices such as the power supply from being broken down by reverse current.

In the embodiment of the present application, each of the operating voltage intervals is a half-open and half-closed interval, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited thereto, and the value of the end value of each of the operating voltage intervals may be adjusted as needed, and the present application is not limited thereto.

In an alternative example, the converter controller 120 may perform a software upgrade via CAN network protocol communication during the application stage, and the converter controller 120 may also perform a software upgrade via the debug interface during the development stage. The software upgrade on the conversion controller 120 also supports a backup function, which restores the previous version of software if the current software upgrade fails. The converter controller 120 performs maintenance and upgrade of software through Bootloader (boot loader).

In an optional example, a conversion control device is provided, which is used for the echelon utilization of retired power batteries, and the specific application scenarios include the energy storage and standby power fields, etc., and solve the problem of management communication between different retired battery packs and energy storage system controllers. The conversion control device is completed by the cooperation of a software module and a hardware module.

The software module comprises a communication module, a fault diagnosis and protection module, an accessory control module, a software upgrading module and a system scheduling module.

The communication module is realized based on CAN network communication, and specifically comprises a data receiving module, a data sending module, a protocol analysis module and a node simulation module.

The data receiving module is used for receiving the CAN messages sent by the lower layer controller (BMS) and the upper layer controller 130(EMS, PCS, etc.), and implementing data relay.

The data sending module is used for forwarding the relayed data, so as to send a CAN message to a lower layer controller (BMS) and an upper layer controller 130(EMS, PCS, etc.), so as to support the normal operation of the function of the relevant controller.

The protocol analysis module is used for analyzing network communication protocols of different BMSs, realizing data recombination and packaging according to the requirements of other relevant controllers in the network and realizing data transmission.

The node simulation module is used for simulating the simulation function of CAN nodes of other relevant controllers required by the decommissioned battery pack 110(BMS), simulating external network conditions required by the BMS to work, and sending relevant messages according to the communication protocol requirements. Such as simulating the function of a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) to wake up the battery pack.

The local protection module is used for carrying out a fault comprehensive judgment mechanism according to information such as the monomer voltage of the retired battery pack 110, the module battery temperature, the total voltage of the retired battery packs 110, the BMS reported fault and the like, and implementing a protection function in a grading mode according to results. Here, the faults are classified into three levels, i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary faults. Wherein, the protection measure corresponding to the first-stage fault is power reduction or current limitation; the protection measure corresponding to the secondary fault is the charge or discharge pause function. The protection measure corresponding to the tertiary fault is to cut off the relay of the converter controller 120 and to force the power down. The protection measures corresponding to the first-level fault and the second-level fault can be automatically recovered, and the relay can be recovered and connected only by manually recovering the third-level fault.

The accessory control module is used to support hard-wired signaling. For example, when the communication between the MSTC and other CAN networks fails, the MSTC may send a hard-wired IO driving signal, and the BMS in the battery pack performs fault protection after acquiring the signal, so as to ensure the safety of the battery system.

The software upgrading module is used for supporting corresponding functions in different product stages and supporting a software backup function, and when the upgrading fails, the upgrading can be restored to the application program of the previous version. The software upgrading function supports software upgrading through a debugging interface and a CAN network in a debugging stage, and supports software upgrading through the CAN network in a using stage.

The system scheduling module is used for setting a corresponding periodic scheduling function according to the software architecture, providing a software interface for each task entity to call, and ensuring the normal operation of the program.

The system scheduling module is specifically used for supporting a timer function, and can trigger a relevant interrupt function according to a set period condition for establishing a period scheduling function. And the system is also used for scheduling the trigger condition and the running period of each task according to the software architecture scheme.

The conversion controller has a system scheduling function, can set a corresponding periodic scheduling function according to a software architecture, provides a software interface for each task entity to call, and ensures the normal operation of a program.

First, the timer function can trigger the relevant interrupt function according to the set period condition for establishing the period scheduling function. And secondly, the scheduling table control function can schedule the trigger condition and the running period of each task according to the software architecture scheme.

The hardware module comprises a power management module, a CAN communication module, a hard-wire IO driving module and a protection operation module.

And the power supply management module is used for judging and executing the corresponding working state according to the working voltage of the power supply. Wherein the MSTC working voltage range is 9V-16V. The MSTC can work in a limited function within the range of 16V-18V. When the working voltage of the MSTC is more than 18V, the MSTC has short-term working capacity and self-protection capacity. The MSTC can normally communicate within the range of 6.5V-9V, but the driving function is limited to work. The MSTC has working voltage in a range of-14V to 0V and has a power supply reverse connection protection function.

The CAN communication module comprises a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver. Wherein, the CAN interface with not less than 3 channels is included. The communication rate of the CAN communication module is configurable, and the communication rate of 500Kbit/s, 250Kbit/s and the like CAN be supported. The terminal resistor in the CAN communication module CAN be configured, and the resistance value is preferably 120 omega +/-2%.

And the hard-wire IO driving module is used for sending a hard-wire signal to carry out emergency protection on other controllers under the fault condition defined by the system.

Please refer to fig. 3, which is a basic architecture diagram of a conversion controller according to an embodiment of the present application. In an alternative example, a conversion controller 120 is provided that includes a Microcontroller abstraction Layer (Microcontroller Driver Layer), a Microcontroller User Interface encapsulation Layer (Microcontroller User Layer), a Service Layer (Service Layer), an Interface handling Layer (Interface Handler Layer), and an Application Layer (Application Layer).

The microcontroller abstraction layer comprises a PIT module (used for basic timing and generating standard counting triggering interruption), an MCU module (used for configuration of a singlechip working mode and the like), a PORT module (used for function distribution of each hardware PORT), an FLS module (used for data storage drive configuration), a CAN module (used for CAN communication drive configuration), an ADC module (used for analog quantity acquisition drive configuration), an SPI module (used for SPI communication drive configuration), an IRQ module (used for interruption function configuration) and a GPIO module (used for IO input and output interface configuration).

The microcontroller user interface packaging layer comprises an FEE module (used for storage block configuration and processing functions), a CANIF module (used for CAN communication interface processing functions), an ADC _ USR module (used for analog quantity user processing functions), an SPI _ USR module (used for serial port communication user processing functions), an IRQ _ USR module (used for interrupt user processing functions) and a GPIO _ USR module (used for IO input and output interface user definition functions).

The service layer comprises a Memory module (used for storing and managing functions), an NPM module (used for communication network management), a COM module (used for communication comprehensive processing), a CAN _ Config module (used for user CAN data structure configuration), an H _ CAN module (used for user CAN interface encapsulation), a PduR module (used for signal routing functions), a Scheduler module (used for system task scheduling control), a Boot module (used for software updating and upgrading) and an MC33907 module (used for power management).

The interface processing layer comprises a Runtime Environment module (RTE) used for upper and lower layer software interface distribution processing.

The application software layer comprises an FM module (used for fault diagnosis and protection processing), an A _ CAN module (used for A-channel communication protocol processing), a B _ CAN module (used for B-channel communication protocol processing), a C _ CAN module (used for C-channel communication protocol processing), a DATABACKUP module (used for key data backup processing) and a BSM module (used for system state management).

The following table 2 shows the basic architectural functions of the converter controller.

TABLE 2

In an alternative example, a conversion controller is provided for solving the problem of managing communication between different battery PACKs and an energy storage system controller, and includes a software functional module and a hardware functional module.

The software function module comprises a communication module, a fault diagnosis and protection module, an accessory control module, a software upgrading module and a system scheduling module.

The communication module is used for receiving data specified in a communication protocol corresponding to each CAN channel of the primary battery pack BMS, carrying out data recombination according to a protocol conversion strategy, and forwarding the recombined data according to the content specified by the communication requirements (communication protocol) of upper-layer controllers (EMS, PCS and the like).

The communication module is also used for simulating the original vehicle communication node function and providing external signal conditions required by the BMS so as to support the BMS to complete 'power-on and power-off flow', 'charge and discharge control', 'relay emergency control' and other BMS basic functions. For example, when a system is started, an electrifying process needs to be executed first, all battery packs need to be subjected to insulation detection, low-voltage electrification, contactor closing, battery state reporting and the like, and a series of operations are simulated by the communication module to send corresponding instructions to the corresponding BMS.

The communication module is further configured to send the MTC node status. The physical process of the local protection function is as follows: the MSTC actively sends CAN control messages or hard-line control signals (different control modes exist in different battery packs) according to a fault protection strategy defined by a product, and requests the BMS to cut off the relay. The MSTC sends relevant state information, and an upper layer controller (EMS, PCS and the like) receives the state information and carries out corresponding strategy processing. The MSTC sending data comprises information such as active cut-off reasons, cut-off request node information and fault field data.

The communication module is also used for receiving CAN communication data of the upper layer controller 130. The MSTC receives a CAN communication instruction of the upper layer controller for controlling the relay, and sends a relay cut-off instruction to the BMS according to a related communication protocol. The MSTC receives other state information of the upper layer controller, such as DC-DC current, voltage, operating state, etc.

The local protection module is used for further protecting information such as monomer voltage, module temperature, total voltage and BMS reported faults so as to ensure the safe operation of the system. The vehicle-mounted BMS has a fault diagnosis function and a corresponding protection strategy for the battery system, defines a used battery pack as a retired battery in the whole pack application process of the energy storage system, attenuates the performance and capacity of the used battery pack and a new battery pack applied to the vehicle, considers the high safety requirement of an energy storage product, and needs to have a certain local protection function on the basis of an original BMS protection strategy by the MSTC.

The local protection module is also used for setting a local protection threshold value based on CAN message data uploaded by the BMS, protecting the battery system, configuring the threshold value parameters according to the requirement input, taking the protection action as a cut-off relay, and reporting the state to an upper controller, wherein the specific time sequence is based on the system requirement. The MSTC protection range comprises: overvoltage and undervoltage protection of a single battery cell; over-temperature and under-temperature protection of module temperature; over-high and over-low protection of SOC; fourthly, total voltage overvoltage and undervoltage protection.

The accessory control module is used for sending a hard wire IO driving signal if the MSTC CAN not normally receive BMS data within the specified time when CAN network communication between the MSTC and the BMS breaks down, and the BMS end actively cuts off a relay after collecting the signal so as to ensure the safety of a battery system.

The accessory control module is also used for sending a hard-line IO driving signal if the MSTC CAN not normally receive data of an upper layer controller within a specified time when CAN network communication between the MSTC and the upper layer controller (EMS, PCS and the like) fails, and the upper layer equipment control end sends a control command to actively cut off a relay and the like after acquiring the signal so as to ensure the safety of a battery system.

The software upgrading module is used for supporting software upgrading through a debugging interface and a CAN network in a development stage and supporting software upgrading through the CAN network in an application stage. The MSTC software upgrading supports a software backup function, and when the upgrading fails, the MSTC software can be restored to the application program of the previous version of the upgrading.

The hardware function module comprises a power management module, a CAN communication module, a hard-wire IO driving module and a protection operation module.

And the power supply management module is used for implementing a protection function according to the result in a grading manner. The MSTC is also provided with a BMS fault comprehensive judgment mechanism, the normal working voltage range of the MSTC is DC 9V-16V, and corresponding mechanisms exist under different voltages.

The CAN communication module comprises a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver. The number of the interfaces is not less than 3 channels of CAN interfaces. The communication rate can be configured, and 500Kbit/s, 250Kbit/s and the like are supported. The terminal resistor can be configured, and the resistance value is 120 omega +/-2%. The hardware meets the protocols of standards ISO11898-1, ISO11898-2, ISO11898-5 and the like.

The hard-wired IO driving module needs to have IO hard-wired signal driving capability, and can realize the setting of the level state of the port. The number of IO hard line ports is not less than 1 path of independent channels, and the system is supported and used for controlling BMS and DC-DC hard lines and protecting the safe operation of the system.

In this embodiment, the problem of management communication between different battery PACKs and the energy storage system controller is solved by providing a conversion controller, and the conversion controller is applied to an energy storage system utilized in a whole PACK in a gradient manner to construct a heterogeneous energy storage system. On one hand, the work and cost investment of battery pack BMS, wire harness replacement and the like are reduced; on the other hand, the battery pack safety protection design, the IP protection design and the like are continued, and the system safety is not influenced.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable memory executable by a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a memory, and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned memory comprises: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope disclosed in the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery control system, characterized in that the battery control system comprises:

the system comprises a plurality of retired battery packs, a plurality of battery management modules and a plurality of battery management modules, wherein each retired battery pack comprises a battery module and a battery management system;

at least one conversion controller, each of the at least one conversion controller being connected to the battery management system of at least one decommissioned battery pack, each conversion controller being in communication with the battery management system of at least one decommissioned battery pack via a first communication protocol;

and the upper layer controller is respectively connected to each conversion controller, the upper layer controller and each conversion controller are communicated through a second communication protocol, and the first communication protocol is different from the second communication protocol.

2. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of decommissioned battery packs are original battery packs detached from different models of vehicles, and the first communication protocol is an original communication protocol supported by each original battery pack.

3. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein the battery management system of each decommissioned battery pack performs the following:

packaging the collected battery data of the retired battery pack into a first data pack under a first communication protocol, and sending the first data pack to a conversion controller connected with the retired battery pack;

each conversion controller performs the following processing:

decapsulating the received first data packet to obtain battery data corresponding to the retired battery packet;

judging the fault state of the corresponding retired battery pack according to the acquired battery data;

and packaging the fault state judgment result into a second data packet under a second communication protocol, and sending the second data packet to the upper layer controller.

4. The battery control system according to claim 3, further comprising:

each battery access relay of the at least one battery access relay is arranged between the at least one retired battery pack and an external power supply loop respectively, so that the working state of the battery access relay is controlled by a conversion controller connected with the at least one retired battery pack.

5. The battery control system according to claim 4, wherein each conversion controller performs the following processing:

determining an original failure threshold for each retired battery pack connected to the converter controller;

determining a local protection threshold value of the conversion controller according to the original fault threshold value;

and controlling the working state of the battery access relay controlled by the conversion controller according to the battery data of each retired battery pack connected with the conversion controller and the local protection threshold value.

6. The battery control system of claim 5, wherein each converter controller is further hard-wired to a hard-wired signal drive port of its controlled battery access relay,

wherein each conversion controller controls the working state of the corresponding battery access relay by at least one of the following modes:

the working state of the battery access relay is controlled by controlling the current of a coil of the battery access relay;

the working state of the battery access relay is controlled by transmitting a control signal through a hard wire.

7. The battery control system according to claim 3, further comprising:

and the grid-end circuit breaker is arranged between the upper-layer controller and an external power grid, so that the upper-layer controller controls the working state of the grid-end circuit breaker.

8. The battery control system according to claim 6, wherein the upper controller performs the following processing:

decapsulating the received second data packet to obtain battery data and a fault state of the corresponding retired battery packet;

and controlling the working state of the circuit breaker at the power grid end according to the obtained battery data and the fault state.

9. The battery control system according to claim 1, wherein each conversion controller further performs the following processing:

determining the current working voltage;

determining a voltage interval of the current working voltage;

and controlling the conversion controller to work under the control strategy corresponding to the determined voltage interval.

10. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein the communication protocols supported by the battery management systems of the at least one retired battery pack connected to each converter controller are the same.