CN114002855A - Cone lens, cone lens minimum base angle adjusting device and adjusting method - Google Patents
Cone lens, cone lens minimum base angle adjusting device and adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114002855A CN114002855A CN202111309299.5A CN202111309299A CN114002855A CN 114002855 A CN114002855 A CN 114002855A CN 202111309299 A CN202111309299 A CN 202111309299A CN 114002855 A CN114002855 A CN 114002855A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lenses, in particular to a cone lens, a device and a method for adjusting the minimum base angle of the cone lens, wherein the cone lens comprises an electrode and a liquid crystal layer; the electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode, and the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode; the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is 0.1mm to 0.7 mm; the electrode is used for receiving a first driving voltage v1, and the first driving voltage v1 is a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. The adjusting method of the invention enables the electrode of the lens to receive the first driving voltage v1 and adjusts the value of the first driving voltage v 1. The minimum base angle of the axicon lens is adjusted rapidly and in real time by adjusting the value of the first driving voltage v1 of the axicon lens, and the minimum base angle smaller than that of the prior art is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lenses, in particular to a conical lens, a conical lens minimum base angle adjusting device and an adjusting method.
Background
The axicon is an important optical component, and can refract incident light according to a certain angle. By the interference and diffraction between the refracted beams, the focal line of the cone lens can be long, and a long focal line can be generated along the optical axis. When a Gaussian beam passes through the cone lens, the Gaussian beam is changed into a Bessel beam, so that the influence of diffraction can be greatly reduced, the optical field has uniform intensity distribution on the focal line, and the characteristics of the cone lens enable the cone lens to be widely applied, such as the generation of non-collinear harmonic waves, the high-sensitivity smart optical measurement, the nano particle screening, the defocusing problem solving by replacing a ball lens with the cone lens and the like. Still another significant advantage of the axicon is that depth information can be obtained for an imaged object.
There are also a number of methods in the art that can produce bessel beams, such as:
1. a diaphragm with an annular clear aperture is added to the rear focal plane of the traditional convergent lens to generate a Bessel beam;
2. generating a Bessel beam with a spatial light modulator;
3. generating a Bessel beam using a TAG lens;
4. a bessel beam is generated using a axicon lens.
However, the focal depth of the Bessel beam generated by adding a diaphragm with an annular clear aperture to the rear focal plane of the traditional convergent lens is not as large as that of the traditional conical lens; the method for generating the Bessel beam by using the spatial light modulator has high cost and complex modulation function; the minimum base angle of the conical lens formed by the method of generating Bessel beams by using the TAG lens is influenced by the conical cavity and the liquid medium, and cannot be conveniently, quickly and real-timely adjusted.
In practical applications, the cone lens is often used to generate the bessel beam. However, when the axicon lens is used to generate the bessel beam, since the maximum non-diffraction distance of the bessel-gaussian beam is inversely proportional to the minimum base angle of the axicon lens, the axicon lens with a smaller minimum base angle value is required to obtain the larger maximum non-diffraction distance of the bessel-gaussian beam, but the minimum base angle of the axicon lens is limited to about 0.5 to 1 degree due to the process limitation of the traditional axicon lens, which severely limits the maximum non-diffraction distance of the generated bessel-gaussian beam, so that the axicon lens in the prior art cannot obtain an image with larger depth of field and higher definition. In addition, since the minimum base angle of the conventional axicon lens is fixed after the manufacture of the axicon lens is completed, if the minimum base angle is changed, only the axicon lens is replaced, and therefore, the adjustment of the minimum base angle cannot be rapidly performed in real time in practical application, and the conventional axicon lens cannot be applied to an application occasion where the minimum base angle needs to be rapidly changed in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an axicon, an axicon minimum base angle adjusting device and an adjusting method to solve the problems in the prior art that the minimum base angle value of the axicon is too large, so that the maximum non-diffraction distance of the bessel-gaussian beam generated by the axicon is short, and the minimum base angle of the axicon cannot be adjusted in real time quickly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an axicon lens comprising a liquid crystal lens element comprising an electrode and a liquid crystal layer;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode, and the second electrode is a round hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction normal to a plane of the first electrode is 0.1mm to 0.7 mm;
the electrode is used for receiving a first driving voltage v1, and the first driving voltage is a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.
Preferably, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction normal to the plane of the first electrode is 0.2mm to 0.5 mm;
the first driving voltage V1 ranges from 0V to 35.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an axicon lens comprising a liquid crystal lens element comprising an electrode and a liquid crystal layer;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode, and the second electrode is a round hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode;
the electrodes further comprise a third electrode, the second electrode being located between the first electrode and the third electrode, the liquid crystal layer being located between the first electrode and the second electrode, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode being d1 and the distance between the second electrode and the third electrode being d2 in the direction normal to the plane of the first electrode, wherein 0. ltoreq. d 2. ltoreq.0.4 and d2/2+ 0.3. ltoreq. d 1. ltoreq. -d2/2+0.7, wherein the units of d1 and d2 are mm;
the electrodes are used for receiving a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, the first driving voltage v1 is a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the second driving voltage v2 is a voltage between the second electrode and the third electrode.
Preferably, wherein v1 and v2 satisfy: 0 is not less than V2 is not less than 40, 0 is not less than V1 is not less than 3 xv 2/4+30, wherein the unit of V1 and V2 is V.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an axicon lens minimum base angle adjusting device, which includes a driving power supply and the axicon lens described in the first aspect, wherein the driving power supply is used for providing the first driving voltage v1, and the driving power supply is an adjustable power supply.
Preferably, the driving circuit further comprises a driving voltage adjusting module, wherein the driving voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting the value of the first driving voltage V1 provided by the driving power supply, and the adjustment amount Δ V of the V1 is in a value range of Δ V1/V1 being less than or equal to 0.07.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an axicon lens minimum base angle adjusting device, which includes a driving power supply and the axicon lens described in the first aspect, wherein the driving power supply is configured to provide a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, and the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2 provided by the driving power supply are adjustable voltages.
Preferably, the driving circuit further comprises a driving voltage adjusting module, wherein the driving voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v 2;
wherein the value range of the adjustment amount delta v1 of v1 is delta v1/v1 is less than or equal to 0.07, and the value range of the adjustment amount delta v2 of v2 is delta v2/v2 is less than or equal to 0.07.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for adjusting a minimum base angle of an axicon lens, comprising the steps of receiving a first driving voltage v1 by an electrode of the axicon lens in the first aspect;
the value of the first driving voltage v1 is adjusted.
Preferably, the adjustment amount delta v1 of v1 is in the range of delta v1/v1 being less than or equal to 0.07.
In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a method for adjusting a minimum base angle of an axicon lens, including:
the electrodes of the axicon lens in the first aspect receive a first drive voltage v1 and a second drive voltage v 2;
and adjusting the values of the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v 2.
Preferably, the adjustment amount delta v1 of v1 is in the range of delta v1/v1 to 0.07, and the adjustment amount delta v2 of v2 is in the range of delta v2/v2 to 0.07.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the cone lens minimum base angle adjusting device and the adjusting method provided by the invention have the advantages that the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is set to be 0.1 mm-0.7 mm, the first driving voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal molecules are driven to be approximately arranged in a cone shape by using the electric field formed by the first driving voltage, all incident light rays passing through the liquid crystal layer are refracted at the same angle, and the liquid crystal cone lens driven by the voltage is formed. The distribution condition of the electric field in the space is controlled by adjusting the value of the first driving voltage, so that the minimum base angle of the liquid crystal cone lens is adjusted, the shape of the cone lens does not need to be changed in the adjusting process, the cone lens does not need to be re-processed, the limitation of a processing technology is avoided, and the minimum base angle smaller than that of the cone lens in the prior art can be obtained. Since the minimum base angle of the axicon lens is changed rapidly and continuously along with the continuous change of the driving voltage v1, the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be adjusted conveniently, rapidly and in real time by using the device and the method for adjusting the minimum base angle of the axicon lens without changing the appearance structure and the size of the axicon lens.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal lens element of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal lens element of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.02mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.7mm, d2 is 0.02mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.5mm, d2 is 0.4mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.35mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.65mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.4mm, d2 is 0.2mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 9 is a wavefront chart of the present invention when d1 is 0.6mm, d2 is 0.2mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 20V.
Fig. 10 is a wavefront chart of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 0V, and V2 is 30V.
Fig. 11 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 20V, and V2 is 0V.
Fig. 12 is a diagram of the wavefront of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 20V, and V2 is 40V.
Fig. 13 is a wavefront chart when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 30V, and V2 is 0V in the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a wavefront chart when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 40V, and V2 is 40V in the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a wavefront chart of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 50V, and V2 is 40V.
Fig. 16 is a wavefront chart of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 60V, and V2 is 40V.
Fig. 17 is a wavefront chart of the present invention when d1 is 0.3mm, d2 is 0.1mm, V1 is 37.5V, and V2 is 10V.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 13 of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate 11, a second transparent substrate 12, a third transparent substrate 13, a first electrode 21, a second electrode 22, a third electrode 23, a liquid crystal layer 3, an insulating layer 4, a spacer 5, a laser 6, a polarizing plate 7, a high reflection mirror 8, an axicon lens 9, a photoelectric detector 10 and an oscilloscope 12.
The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the description relating to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an axicon lens. As shown in fig. 1, the axicon lens in the present embodiment includes a liquid crystal lens element including an electrode and a liquid crystal layer 3;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22, and the second electrode 22 is a circular hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer 3 is positioned between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22;
the distance between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 in a normal direction along the plane of the first electrode 21 is 0.1mm to 0.7 m;
the electrodes are configured to receive a first driving voltage v1, which is a voltage between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
The first electrode 21 may be a transparent electrode, such as an ITO electrode or an AZO electrode, and the second electrode 22 may be a transparent electrode or a non-transparent electrode, such as a metal electrode, wherein the metal electrode material includes, but is not limited to, Al, Pt, Cr.
When the distance between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 is 0.1mm to 0.7m, applying a voltage between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 can form an electric field between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, the electric field can make liquid crystal molecules in a conical or approximately conical arrangement, and all incident light rays passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 are refracted at the same angle, thereby forming a liquid crystal axicon lens driven by the voltage. The distribution condition of the electric field in the space is controlled by adjusting the value of the first driving voltage, so that the minimum base angle of the liquid crystal cone lens is adjusted, the shape of the cone lens does not need to be changed in the adjusting process, the cone lens does not need to be re-processed, the limitation of a processing process is avoided, the minimum base angle smaller than that of the cone lens in the prior art can be obtained, the minimum base angle of the cone lens is rapidly and continuously changed due to the fact that the minimum base angle of the cone lens continuously changes along with the driving voltage v1, and therefore the cone lens can be conveniently, quickly and timely adjusted under the condition that the shape structure and the size of the cone lens are not changed.
Example 2
The present embodiment limits the distance between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 to the range of 0.2mm to 0.5mm and limits the first driving voltage V1 to the range of 0V to 35V on the basis of embodiment 1. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is closest to a cone shape in the above distance and voltage ranges, and the imaging effect using the cone lens is also best.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a liquid crystal axicon of another structure, and the liquid crystal axicon of the present embodiment includes a liquid crystal lens element including an electrode and a liquid crystal layer;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22, and the second electrode 22 is a circular hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22;
the electrodes further comprise a third electrode 23, the second electrode 22 being located between the first electrode 21 and the third electrode 23, the liquid crystal layer being located between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, the distance between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 being d1, the distance between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 being d2, wherein 0 < d2 < 0.4, d2/2+0.3 < d1 < -d2/2+0.7, wherein the units of d1 and d2 are mm;
the electrodes are configured to receive a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, the first driving voltage v1 being a voltage between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, and the second driving voltage v2 being a voltage between the second electrode and the third electrode 23.
In the embodiment, the third electrodes 23 are added, and the distance between the first electrodes 21, the second electrodes 22 and the third electrodes 23 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to d2 and less than or equal to 0.4, and the distance between the d2/2+0.3 and more than or equal to d1 and more than or equal to-d 2/2+ 0.7. In this embodiment, the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage can be simultaneously provided for the liquid crystal axicon, and after the structure is adopted, liquid crystal molecules are conically arranged under the combined action of the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, so that all incident light rays passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 are refracted at the same angle. Fig. 3 to 9 show the wavefront patterns with the above-described structure, and fig. 3 to 9 show the wavefront patterns obtained by using different electrode separation distances while keeping the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage constant. It can be seen from the figure that the wavefront chart of the liquid crystal axicon satisfying the foregoing distance relationship is close to a cone shape.
The embodiment can increase the flexibility of adjusting the minimum base angle of the axicon lens by matching the first driving voltage or the second driving voltage, and can also conveniently and quickly switch the axicon lens between two states of the positive axicon lens and the negative axicon lens by setting the relative size of the first driving voltage or the second driving voltage. For example, when the first and second driving voltages are set such that v1 is greater than v2, the liquid crystal lens is a positive axicon lens, and when the first and second driving voltages are set such that v1 is less than v2, the liquid crystal lens is a negative axicon lens. Since the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be changed rapidly along with the change of the driving voltage v1 or v2, the present embodiment can conveniently, rapidly and real-timely adjust the minimum base angle of the axicon lens by adjusting the first driving adjustment driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2 without changing the external shape structure and size of the axicon lens.
Example 4
The embodiment further limits the value ranges of V1 and V2 to 0 ≦ V2 ≦ 40 and 0 ≦ V1 ≦ 3 xv 2/4+30 on the basis of embodiment 3, wherein the unit of V1 and V2 is V. In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 3, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is most approximate to the cone shape when the difference between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage is limited to the aforementioned range, and the imaging effect using the axicon lens is also the best.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides an axicon lens minimum base angle adjusting device, which includes a driving power supply and an axicon lens in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein the driving power supply is used for providing the first driving voltage v1, and the driving power supply is an adjustable power supply. In this embodiment, the adjustable power supply is used to provide the first driving voltage for embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, so that the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 can be changed by adjusting the voltage value output by the adjustable power supply, thereby changing the minimum base angle of the axicon lens. The minimum base angle of the conical lens is adjusted by changing the voltage, the appearance structure of the conical lens is not required to be changed, and the minimum base angle of the conical lens can be quickly adjusted in real time.
Example 6
The driving voltage adjusting module is added on the basis of example 5, and comprises a driving voltage adjusting module, wherein the driving voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting a first driving voltage V1 value provided by a driving power supply, and the value range of the adjustment amount Δ V of V1 is Δ V1/V1 which is less than or equal to 0.07. The device can continuously and real-timely adjust the minimum base angle of the conical lens by continuously changing the first driving voltage through the driving voltage adjusting module, and when the value of v1 is adjusted within the range that delta v1/v1 is less than or equal to 0.07, the change rate of the minimum base angle of the conical lens relative to v1 is small, so that the device can adjust the minimum base angle of the conical lens more accurately.
Example 7
The apparatus for adjusting the minimum base angle of an axicon lens provided by this embodiment comprises a driving power supply and the axicon lens provided by embodiment 3 or 4, wherein the driving power supply is configured to provide a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, and the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2 provided by the driving power supply are adjustable voltages. The present embodiment provides the adjustable first driving voltage v1 or/and second driving voltage v2 for the axicon lens by using the driving power source, so that on one hand, the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be adjusted rapidly and in real time by changing the value of the first driving voltage v1 or/and second driving voltage v2, and on the other hand, the switching between the positive axicon lens state and the negative axicon lens state can be realized by changing the magnitude relation between the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v 2.
Example 8
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 7, the driving voltage adjustment module is used to adjust the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2, and the adjustment range is Δ v1/v1 is smaller than or equal to 0.07, wherein the adjustment amount Δ v2 of v2 is in a value range of Δ v2/v2 is smaller than or equal to 0.07, the apparatus can continuously adjust the minimum base angle of the axicon lens in real time by continuously changing the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage in real time by using the driving voltage adjustment module, and the change rate of the minimum base angle of the axicon lens with respect to v1 or v2 in the adjustment range is small, so that the accuracy of adjusting the minimum base angle of the axicon lens is higher.
Example 9
The present embodiment provides a method for adjusting the minimum base angle of an axicon lens, in which a first driving voltage v1 is applied to the electrodes of the axicon lens in embodiment 1 or 2, an electric field is formed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in an approximately conical shape by using the formed electric field, and the distribution of the electric field in the space is controlled by adjusting the value of the first driving voltage v1, so as to adjust the minimum base angle of the liquid crystal axicon lens. Since the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be changed rapidly along with the change of the driving voltage v1, the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be adjusted conveniently, rapidly and in real time under the condition of not changing the appearance structure and the size of the axicon lens.
Example 10
In the embodiment, based on the embodiment 8, v1 is adjusted in the range of delta v1/v1 being less than or equal to 0.07, and the change rate of the minimum base angle of the conical lens relative to delta v1 in the range is small, so that the adjustment accuracy of the minimum base angle of the conical lens is higher.
Example 11
The present embodiment provides a method for adjusting a minimum base angle of an axicon, including: the minimum base angle of the liquid crystal axicon lens is adjusted by adding the first driving voltage v1 and the second driving voltage v2 to the electrodes of the axicon lens in embodiment 3 or 4, forming an electric field under the combined action of the first driving voltage v1 and the second driving voltage v2, using the formed electric field to make the liquid crystal molecules in an approximately conical arrangement, and controlling the distribution condition of the electric field in the space by adjusting the values of the first driving voltage v1 and the second driving voltage v 2. Since the minimum base angle of the axicon lens can be changed rapidly along with the change of the driving voltage v1 or v2, the present embodiment can conveniently, rapidly and real-timely adjust the minimum base angle of the axicon lens by adjusting the first driving adjustment driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2 without changing the external shape structure and size of the axicon lens. In addition, the axicon lens can be switched between the positive axicon lens and the negative axicon lens by changing the magnitude relation between v1 or v 2.
For example, the electrodes may be arranged to receive a first set of voltages in which the first drive voltage V1 is set to 0V and the second drive voltage V2 is set to 30V, when the wavefront obtained by simulation is as shown in fig. 10, when the axicon is a negative axicon.
For example, the electrodes may be arranged to receive a second set of voltages in which the first drive voltage V1 is set to 20V and the second drive voltage V2 is set to 0V, when the wavefront obtained by simulation is as shown in fig. 11, when the axicon is a positive axicon. In this case, the first driving voltage V1 is kept at 20V, the second driving voltage V2 is adjusted to 40V to be the third group voltage, and the electrodes receive the third group voltage according to the above setting, and the wave front diagram obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 12. In the foregoing process, the second driving voltage v1 is less than the first driving voltage v2, and the liquid crystal lens forms a negative axicon lens.
It is also possible to arrange the electrodes to receive a fourth set of voltages in which the second drive voltage V2 is set to 0V and the first drive voltage V1 is set to 30V, the wavefront map obtained by simulation being shown in fig. 13.
It is also possible to arrange the electrodes to receive a fifth set of voltages in which the second drive voltage V2 is set to 40V and the first drive voltage V1 is set to 40V, when the wavefront map obtained by simulation is as shown in fig. 14.
At this time, the second driving voltage V2 is kept at 40V, the first driving voltage V1V2 is adjusted to 50V to be used as the sixth group voltage, the voltage driving module outputs the sixth group voltage according to the above setting, and the wave front diagram obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 15. In the foregoing process, the second driving voltage v2 is less than the first driving voltage v1, and the liquid crystal lens forms a positive conical lens.
The second driving voltage V2 may be kept constant at 40V, the first driving voltage V1 is adjusted to 60V to be used as the seventh group of voltages, and the voltage driving module outputs the seventh group of voltages according to the above-mentioned setting, and the wavefront chart obtained by simulation is shown in fig. 16.
It is also possible to arrange the electrodes to receive an eighth set of voltages in which the second drive voltage V2 is set to 10V and the first drive voltage V1 is set to 37.5V, when the wavefront map obtained by simulation is as shown in fig. 17.
Example 12
In the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 11, v1 and v2 are adjusted in the range of delta v1/v1 being less than or equal to 0.07 or/and delta v2/v2 being less than or equal to 0.07, and the change rate of the minimum base angle of the cone lens relative to v1 and v2 in the range is small, so that the adjustment accuracy of the minimum base angle of the cone lens is higher.
Example 13
As shown in fig. 18, this embodiment adds a laser 6, a polarizing plate 7, a photodetector 10, and an oscilloscope 12 to the axicon 9 of embodiment 3 or 4, wherein the axicon 9, the photodetector 10, and the oscilloscope 12 are arranged in this order. Turning on the laser 6, applying an electric field to the liquid crystal lens, adjusting V1 to be 50V and V2 to be 40V, wherein the optical property of the liquid crystal cone lens is the optical property of a positive cone lens, scanning by using the photoelectric detector 10, and displaying the light intensity distribution of emergent light on the oscilloscope 12 with the V2 unchanged, adjusting V1 to be 60, scanning by using the photoelectric detector 10, and displaying the light intensity distribution of the emergent light on the oscilloscope 12. Analysis of the light intensity distribution shows that the light intensity distribution is different in the transmission process of the emergent light beam, and the position of the peak light intensity changes with the change of the external electric field. Therefore, the minimum base angle of the liquid crystal cone lens can be changed by changing the magnitude of the external electric field. In this embodiment, one or more high-reflection mirrors 8 may be used to collimate the incident laser light.
The present invention may further include an insulating member disposed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 and between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23, wherein the insulating member between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 is an insulating layer 4, and the insulating layer 4 effectively separates the first electrode 21 from the second electrode 22 to prevent a short circuit between the two electrodes. Among them, the insulating member between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23 is the spacer 5 provided in the liquid crystal layer 3. The spacers 5 are arranged at the edges of the liquid crystal layer 3 in the radial direction, on the one hand supporting the liquid crystal layer 3 by a predetermined thickness and on the other hand insulating between the second electrode 22 and the third electrode 23. The axicon lens of the present embodiment further includes a first transparent substrate 11, a second transparent substrate 12, and a third transparent substrate 13, wherein the first electrode 21 is disposed on the first transparent substrate 11, the second electrode 22 is disposed on the second transparent substrate 12, and the third electrode 23 is disposed on the third transparent substrate 13. The three transparent substrates can play a good role in supporting and protecting the three electrodes, so that the structure and the performance of the liquid crystal cone lens are more stable.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An axicon lens, wherein the axicon lens comprises a liquid crystal lens element comprising an electrode and a liquid crystal layer;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode, and the second electrode is a round hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode;
a distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction normal to a plane of the first electrode is 0.1mm to 0.7 mm;
the electrode is used for receiving a first driving voltage v1, and the first driving voltage is a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.
2. The axicon lens of claim 1,
a distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in a direction normal to a plane of the first electrode is 0.2mm to 0.5 mm;
the first driving voltage V1 ranges from 0V to 35V.
3. An axicon lens, wherein the axicon lens comprises a liquid crystal lens element comprising an electrode and a liquid crystal layer;
the electrodes comprise a first electrode and a second electrode, and the second electrode is a round hole-shaped electrode;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode;
the electrodes further comprise a third electrode, the second electrode being located between the first electrode and the third electrode, the liquid crystal layer being located between the first electrode and the second electrode, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode being d1 and the distance between the second electrode and the third electrode being d2 in the direction normal to the plane of the first electrode, wherein 0. ltoreq. d 2. ltoreq.0.4 and d2/2+ 0.3. ltoreq. d 1. ltoreq. -d2/2+0.7, wherein the units of d1 and d2 are mm;
the electrodes are used for receiving a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, the first driving voltage v1 is a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the second driving voltage v2 is a voltage between the second electrode and the third electrode.
4. The axicon lens of claim 3, wherein v1 and v2 satisfy: 0 is not less than V2 is not less than 40, 0 is not less than V1 is not less than 3 xv 2/4+30, wherein the unit of V1 and V2 is V.
5. An axicon lens minimum base angle adjustment device, comprising an actuating power supply for providing the first actuating voltage v1 and an axicon lens as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the actuating power supply is an adjustable power supply.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a driving voltage adjusting module for adjusting a value of a first driving voltage V1 provided by the driving power supply, wherein the adjustment amount Δ V of V1 is in a range of Δ V1/V1 ≦ 0.07.
7. An axicon lens minimum base angle adjustment device, characterized by comprising a driving power supply and an axicon lens as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the driving power supply is used for providing a first driving voltage v1 and a second driving voltage v2, and the first driving voltage v1 or/and the second driving voltage v2 provided by the driving power supply are adjustable voltages.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a driving voltage adjusting module for adjusting a value of the first driving voltage v1 or/and a value of the second driving voltage v2 provided by the driving power supply;
wherein the value range of the adjustment amount delta v1 of v1 is delta v1/v1 is less than or equal to 0.07, and the value range of the adjustment amount delta v2 of v2 is delta v2/v2 is less than or equal to 0.07.
9. The method for adjusting the minimum base angle of the conical lens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the electrodes of the axicon lens of claim 1 or 2 receiving a first drive voltage v 1;
and adjusting the value of the first driving voltage v1 according to the received first driving voltage v 1.
10. The method for adjusting the minimum base angle of an axicon lens of claim 9, wherein the adjustment amount Δ v1 of v1 is in the range of Δ v1/v1 ≤ 0.07.
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