CN114001750B

CN114001750B - Translation slide rule and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114001750B
Application number: CN202111627345.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于化鹏; 庹洲慧; 李程程; 李子圆; 方宇晨
Original assignee: National Defense Technology Innovation Institute PLA Academy of Military Science
Current assignee: National Defense Technology Innovation Institute PLA Academy of Military Science
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2021-12-29
Publication date: 2022-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-29
Also published as: CN114001750A

Abstract

The invention discloses a translation slide rule and a use method thereof, which are applied to navigation mapping, wherein the translation slide rule comprises a base rule and a stretching rule, the stretching rule can extend and retract relative to the base rule, the base rule comprises MD I-shaped structural beams, each I-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the stretching rule comprises MD-1T-shaped structural beams, each T-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, and the T-shaped structural beams extend and retract in a space defined between two adjacent I-shaped structural beams of the base rule. The invention effectively reduces the occupied space through the design of the stretching ruler, prolongs the scale range by utilizing a discrete stretching structure, and simultaneously can realize the quick calculation of the navigation time, the navigation speed and the navigation mileage.

Description

Translation slide rule and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of navigation surveying and mapping, is suitable for being used in navigation drawing operation and teaching training, and particularly relates to a translation slide rule and a using method thereof.

Background

The navigation surveying and mapping calculation needs to use a drawing device and a drawing tool, and at present, a parallel ruler, a set square, a protractor and the like are commonly used in the navigation field. In the navigation process, when carrying out drawing calculation, the existing parallel ruler, set square and the like can be used for completing operation tasks, but the method has many defects, such as: the parallel ruler can only realize the function of drawing a straight line, but cannot measure the angle, so that the parallel ruler is inconvenient; the set square is complex to operate when drawing many direction lines, and the time-wasting also can produce bigger error at the translation in-process of drawing the direction line, and the bidirectionality of the line of drawing leads to the judgement mistake easily, and two scales probably lead to the number of degrees misclassification, and application method is complicated difficult to learn, still needs to be equipped with two set squares simultaneously, and the collection is taken inconveniently.

The existing drawing and calculating tools are inconvenient to carry and low in drawing and calculating efficiency, and the problems of large occupied space, high storage difficulty, easiness in losing, difficulty in unfolding and collecting and the like are caused by the arrangement of a plurality of tools.

The prior art CN200820159731.0 discloses a navigation surveying and mapping abacus, the main body of which is composed of two pieces of organic glass and a movable disk made of aluminum, the logarithm calculating disk is composed of an inner disk and an outer disk, the inner disk and the outer disk have the same circle center, the inner disk can freely rotate, and the outer disk is a fixed disk. One side of the movable scale is carved with a logarithm scale which can be matched with the movable scale on the movable turntable for use as a logarithm calculating scale. The advantages of small volume and light weight are realized, but the mapping abacus has a complex design structure and a small scale range, and the realized calculation function is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to exert the advantages of a combined ruler, effectively reduce the occupied space through the design of a stretching ruler, simultaneously realize the rapid calculation of the navigation time, the navigation speed and the navigation mileage, and also utilize a discrete stretching structure to prolong the scale range and flexibly embed into navigation sea for resolving relative motion elements.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a translation slide rule for marine surveying and mapping, comprising a base rule and a stretching rule, the stretching rule being extendable and retractable with respect to the base rule, wherein the base rule comprises MD "i" -shaped structural beams, each having an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the stretching rule comprises MD-1 "T" -shaped structural beams, each having an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the "T" -shaped structural beams being movable in extension and retraction in a space defined between two adjacent "i" -shaped structural beams of the base rule.

Further, be equipped with first limit structure and second limit structure respectively on base chi and tensile chi, wherein, first limit structure is the connecting plate that sets up between two adjacent "I" word structure roof beams on the base chi, and second limit structure is the stopper that sets up at tensile chi tip, and when tensile chi stretched out extreme position, the stopper supported and leaned on the connecting plate, prevented that tensile chi from deviating from in the base chi.

Further, speed and flight scale marks are marked on the lower plate surface of each I-shaped structural beam and each T-shaped structural beam, time scale marks are marked on the upper plate surface, each I-shaped structural beam marks two speeds, SD is used as a starting reference, SDI is used as a speed interval, SDN is used as a speed increment, the maximum value of the time scale marks is TD, the combination of the base ruler and the stretching ruler can realize that the SD-SD + SDN speed corresponds to 1-TD minute flight, the upper edge scale of the nth root of the stretching ruler and the nth lower edge scale of the base ruler together represent the flight corresponding to 1-TD minute at the corresponding speed, and the nth lower edge scale of the stretching ruler and the (n + 1) th upper edge scale of the base ruler together represent the flight corresponding to 1-TD minute at the corresponding speed.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a translation slide rule for marine surveying and mapping, comprising a base rule, a stretch rule, and a translation device, the stretch rule being extendable and retractable with respect to the base rule, wherein the base rule comprises MD "i" beams, each having an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the stretch rule comprising MD-1 "T" beams, each having an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the "T" beams being extendable and retractable in a space defined between two adjacent "i" beams of the base rule, the translation device comprising a "return" shaped connection and a roller wheel provided on the base rule, the translation device enabling the rule to translate along a set angle.

Furthermore, be equipped with first micro-gear in the cavity of "returning" font connecting portion, the gyro wheel outside is equipped with the second micro-gear, first micro-gear and the meshing of second micro-gear for the gyro wheel can be at base chi return "free rotation in the font connecting portion.

Further, the roller comprises an adjusting knob, a rolling bearing and a fixing rod; the adjusting knob is connected with the second micro gear in a concentric mode, the second micro gear is connected with the rolling bearing through the fixing rod, rotating torque is applied to the adjusting knob, the second micro gear rotates, the angle of the second micro gear and the first micro gear of the connecting portion in the shape of the Chinese character 'hui' are adjusted together, and therefore the rolling direction of the rolling bearing is adjusted.

Furthermore, the upper surface of the connecting part in the shape of the Chinese character 'hui' is marked with angle scales, each tooth represents 2.5 degrees, and the rotation of a specific angle can be realized.

The invention also provides a using method of the translation slide rule, which is applied to navigation surveying and mapping and realizes the measurement and calculation of corresponding voyage according to the known speed and time; the method comprises the following steps:

s101, known speed SD1, time-to-use T1;

s102, finding a position corresponding to the speed SD1 on the I-shaped structural beam of the base ruler, and determining that the nth T-shaped structural beam of the stretching ruler is used for measurement;

s103, stretching the nth T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD1 to the limit position, splicing the T-shaped structural beam and the I-shaped structural beam into a complete scale mark at the speed SD1, finding out the T1 scale on the upper plate surface, and obtaining the corresponding voyage M1.

On the other hand, the invention provides a using method of the translation slide rule, which is applied to navigation mapping and realizes that line segments representing the voyage of the translation slide rule are drawn on a drawing according to the known speed and time; the method comprises the following steps:

s201, known speed SD2, time of use T2;

s202, finding a position corresponding to the speed SD2 on the I-shaped structural beam of the base ruler, and determining that the nth T-shaped structural beam of the stretching ruler is used for measurement;

s203, the nth T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD2 is stretched to the limit position, the T-shaped structural beam and the I-shaped structural beam are spliced into a complete scale mark under the speed SD2, the T2 scale is found on the upper plate surface, and the corresponding voyage M2 is obtained.

S204, finding the T-shaped structural beam and the I-shaped structural beam which represent the speed SD2 along the stretching ruler and the base ruler on a drawing, and drawing line segments along the edges of the upper scale or the lower scale corresponding to the speed SD2, wherein the line segments are represented as the flight path of the speed SD2 and the time T2 on the drawing.

The invention also provides a using method of the translation slide rule, which is applied to navigation surveying and mapping and realizes the determination of the target speed and the target course according to the known speed and time of the party; the method comprises the following steps:

s301, setting the position of the party to be A0, the distance between a target and the party to be M3 in the direction of 0 DEG, and recording the position of the target to be B0 when the party sails along a certain direction at the speed SD3 at the time of 0 ℃;

s302, after 1 minute, obtaining a 1-minute voyage under the speed SD3 according to the speed SD3 of the party and the time of 1 minute by the above-mentioned using method, and recording the position of the party at the moment as A1;

s303, according to the observation data, the target is at a distance M4 from the direction of X1 degrees of the party at the moment, and the position of the target is recorded as B1;

after S304.3 minutes, obtaining A3-minute voyage under the speed SD3 according to the speed SD3 of our part and the time of 3 minutes by the above-mentioned using method, and marking the position of our part at the moment as A2;

s305, according to the observation data, the target is at the X2 DEG direction of the party at the moment, the distance M5 is kept from the party, and the position of the target is recorded as B2;

s306, after three positions of the targets B0, B1 and B2 are obtained, a speed estimation value SD4 of the targets is set, the T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD4 is pulled out from the base ruler, the estimation values are adjusted until B0, B1 and B2 are respectively aligned with scale lines corresponding to T =0, T =1 and T =3 on the T-shaped structural beam 201, the alignable estimation value is the measured value SD5 of the target speed, after alignment, points B0, B1 and B3 are connected into a line along the T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD5, an included angle between the point B0, the point B1 and the point B3 and a heading angle between the point and the heading of the current direction is obtained and is X3 degrees, and finally the heading of the target speed is obtained and is SD5 and the heading of the opposite direction is X3 degrees.

The invention effectively reduces the occupied space of the slide rule and the number of independent tools through the design of the stretching rule by innovatively designing the combination of the rule and the rule, improves the convenience of storage and collection, simultaneously, the slide rule can realize the rapid calculation among the navigation time, the navigation speed and the navigation mileage by the combined use of the stretching rule and the base rule, and the stretching rule adopts a discrete structure to be matched with use, thereby organically and flexibly embedding the calculation function of the commonly used relative motion elements in navigation, the designed slide rule can also adopt paper printing, the manufacturing and using cost is greatly reduced, the storage of the drawing and calculating process is facilitated, and the practical application value of the technical scheme is huge.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a translation slide rule according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base scale of a translation slide rule according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper plate time scale of the base scale of the translation slide rule according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the time scale of the lower plate of the base plate of the translation slide rule according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a stretching rule and a stretching rule of the translation slide rule according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of preventing the extension rule and the base rule from falling off in embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a stretched structure of example 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lower plate scale of the stretching ruler of example 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the scale on the upper plate surface of the stretching ruler in example 1;

FIG. 10 is a view showing a combination of the stretching ruler and the setting ruler in accordance with example 1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a translation slide rule incorporating the translation device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a first structural diagram of a base ruler in embodiment 2;

FIG. 13 is a second schematic structural view of the base ruler in embodiment 2;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the scale on the upper surface of the square-shaped connecting portion of the base ruler in embodiment 2;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a micro-gear structure in which a roller portion and a base portion are coupled in accordance with example 2;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a roller and a base ruler in embodiment 2;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a roller structure according to embodiment 2;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the structure of a roller according to embodiment 2;

FIG. 19 is an overall view of the lower plate scale of the translation slide rule according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic scale diagram of a speed line segment corresponding to 9 minutes at 22 knots according to the method for using the translation slide rule of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a diagram of the relative position of the object and my party plotted at different times using the method of the present invention for translating a slide rule;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a method of determining the heading of an object relative to my in a method of using a translating slide rule in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a first schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a printed slide rule according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a second schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a printed slide rule in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a first schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a printed slide rule according to the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a second schematic view of a second embodiment of the printed slide rule of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a first schematic diagram of a method for using the printed slide rule of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a second method for using the printed slide rule according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention relates to a translation slide rule for use in marine surveying and mapping, the translation slide rule including a base rule 100 and an extension rule 200, the extension rule 200 being extendable and retractable with respect to the base rule 100. The base ruler 100 is provided with MD "i" shaped structural beams 101, which are indicated by MD =12 in embodiment 1, each "i" shaped structural beam 101 has an upper edge scale 102 and a lower edge scale 103 (see fig. 4), and the upper edge scale and the lower edge scale correspond to different speeds respectively; each "T" beam 201 has an upper edge scale 202 and a lower edge scale 203 (see fig. 10), each corresponding to a different speed. The base ruler 100 and the extension ruler 200 are made of transparent materials, corresponding scales are printed on the upper plate surface and the lower plate surface of the base ruler 100 and the extension ruler 200 respectively, and when the extension ruler 200 is extended to the limit position, the scales of the extension ruler 200 and the base ruler 100 are continuous to form a complete scale range.

Preferably, the time scale 104 is marked on the upper plate surfaces of the base ruler 100 and the extension ruler 200, the time scale interval is TDI (minutes), and the maximum scale value is TD (minutes), with TD =10 and TDI =1 in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 3.

The lower faces of the base ruler 100 and the extension ruler 200 (the face adjacent to the drawing paper and the desktop) are marked with speed and range scales. Each "i" structural beam 101 of the base ruler 100 represents two speeds, where SD is a starting reference, SDI is a speed interval, and SDN is a speed increment, for example, SD =10, SDI =1, and SDN =20, it represents that the upper edge scale 102 of the 2 nd "i" structural beam 101 of the base ruler corresponds to SD =10 knots, the 2 nd lower edge scale corresponds to SD +1=11 knots, the 3 rd upper edge scale corresponds to SD +2=12 knots, and SDN =20 knots are obtained by analogy, and the range is SD = 10-SD + SDN =30 knots, as shown in fig. 4, the lower plate edge of the base ruler 100 is marked with a speed, i.e., a number 10-30, that is, a speed (unit: knots) corresponding to the upper edge scale 102 of the "i" structural beam 101 of the "i" character, and the speed ruler required for use can be quickly found according to these numbers.

Meanwhile, the lower plate surface of the base ruler 100 is marked with scales (SD + SDN) × TD/12+1- (SD + SDN) × TD/6, which is shown as (10 + 20) × 10/12+1- (10 + 20) × 10/6, i.e., 26-50 (1: 1 scale), and the bold scale line is the course (unit: chain) corresponding to the speed (unit: section) at the time marked on the upper plate surface.

The connection between the stretching ruler 200 and the base ruler 100 is formed by connecting the I-shaped structural beam 101 on the base ruler 100 and the T-shaped structural beam 201 on the stretching ruler 200, as shown in fig. 5, the T-shaped structural beam 201 on the stretching ruler 200 can freely move in two adjacent I-shaped structural beams 101 of the base ruler 100 due to the structure, and the functions of pulling out when needed and retracting when not needed are achieved.

In order to prevent the extension rule 200 from being separated from the base rule 100 when a large scale is used in the extension process, a first limit structure and a second limit structure are respectively arranged on the base rule 100 and the extension rule 200, as shown in fig. 6. The first limiting structure is a connecting plate 105 arranged between two adjacent I-shaped structural beams 101 on the base ruler 100, and the second limiting structure is a limiting block 202 arranged at the end of the stretching ruler 200.

In this embodiment 1, the flight scale of the stretching ruler 200 is 0-25 chain, the flight scale of the base ruler is 25-50 chain, and after stretching, the stretching ruler 200 and the scale of the base ruler 100 are combined to realize the flight range of 0-50 chain, extend the scale range, and effectively obtain the extended scale.

Because the connecting plate 105 is arranged, each I-shaped structural beam 101 of the base ruler 100 is formed into an integral structure, a sliding groove for accommodating the T-shaped structural beam 201 is formed between the adjacent I-shaped structural beams 101, and different from the base ruler 100, the T-shaped structural beams 201 of the stretching ruler 200 are not connected together and are formed by MD-1 independent T-shaped structural beams 201, and the thickness of all the T-shaped structural beams 201 is smaller than that of the I-shaped structural beams 101. In embodiment 1, the stretching ruler 200 is composed of MD-1=11 independent "T" shaped structural beams 201, as shown in fig. 7, the above-mentioned anti-falling stopper 202 is correspondingly arranged at the end of each "T" shaped structural beam 201, and the thickness of the stopper 202 is not less than 1 cm. In this way, a connecting plate 105 with the thickness of 1cm is connected between every two I-shaped structural beams 101, and the connecting plate and the limiting block 202 with the thickness of 1cm at the end part of the stretching ruler 200 jointly realize the limiting function of preventing the stretching ruler 200 from being separated from the base ruler 100 when in use.

The lower plate surface of each "T" shaped structural beam 201 is marked with speed and range scales, as shown in fig. 8, wherein the speed scales are from top to bottom, the speed corresponding to the lower edge scale of the 1 st "T" shaped structural beam 201 is SD =10 knots, the speed corresponding to the 2 nd upper edge scale is SD +1=11 knots, the speed corresponding to the 2 nd lower edge scale is SD +2=12 knots, the speed corresponding to the 3 rd upper edge scale is SD +3=13 knots, and so on, the range is 10-30 knots. The lower surface of each "T" shaped structural beam 201 is marked with scales 1 to (SD + SDN) × TD/12+1 (1: 1 scale), which correspond to scales 1 to (10 + 20) × 10/12, i.e., 1 to 25, as shown in fig. 8, and the bold scale lines are the corresponding voyages (unit: chain) under the time marked by the upper plate surface at this speed. As shown in fig. 9, the upper plate surface of each "T" -shaped structural beam 201 is marked with a time scale, and the maximum value of the time scale is TD (minute), and in the first embodiment, the maximum value of the time scale is TD =10 minutes.

The combination of the base ruler 100 and the extension ruler 200 allows for a range of SD to SD + SDN pitch speeds of 1 to TD minutes (unit: chain), extending with time and retracting without time, as shown by SD =10, TD =10, and 10-30 pitch speeds of 1-10 minutes (unit: chain). It should be noted that the nth top edge scale 202 of the extension scale 200 and the nth bottom edge scale 103 of the base scale 100 together represent the flight distance corresponding to 1-10 minutes at the speed, and as shown in fig. 10, the nth bottom edge scale 203 of the extension scale 200 and the (n + 1) th top edge scale 102 of the base scale 100 together represent the flight distance corresponding to 1-10 minutes at the speed, which is represented by a bold scale line, that is, the bold scale line of the extension scale and the bold scale line of the base scale.

Example 2

According to embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11 to 18, a translation slide rule includes a base rule 100, a stretch rule 200, and a translation device, the translation device includes a "back" shaped connection portion 300 and a roller 400, which are disposed on the base rule, and the translation device formed by the "back" shaped connection portion 300 and the roller 400 realizes translation of the slide rule along a set angle, and in this embodiment 2, the "back" shaped connection portion 300 and the roller 400 are added on the basis of the structure of the slide rule in embodiment 1.

The connecting parts 300 of the translation device are arranged in the middle of two I-shaped structural beams 101 at the outermost sides of the base ruler 100, and the connecting parts 300 of the translation device are symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end respectively.

The first micro-gear 301 is disposed inside the connecting portion 300 of the base ruler 100, and can translate at the middle position of the two sides of the base ruler 100, as shown in fig. 12, 13 and 15. Corresponding to the first micro-gear 301 of the "back" shaped coupling 300, the upper surface of the "back" shaped coupling 300 is marked with an angle scale 302, where each tooth represents 2.5 °, as shown in fig. 14. The first micro-gear 301 of the connecting portion 300 is engaged with the second micro-gear 401 of the roller 400, the first micro-gear 301 and the second micro-gear 401 ensure that the roller 400 can rotate freely at the joint of the base ruler 100, when the user rotates with a slight force, the roller 400 can rotate by a certain angle, and each tooth represents 2.5 degrees, so that the rotation of a specific angle is realized, as shown in fig. 15. The connecting part 300 shaped like a Chinese character 'hui' can only roll along one direction and can not meet the requirement of any translation; however, the roller 400 is mounted at the edge of the base rule 100, and the roller 400 can be adjusted to achieve translation of the slide rule in any direction, as shown in FIG. 16.

The roller 400 includes a second micro-gear 401, the second micro-gear 401 having a cylindrical outer side surface and having an inner cavity, and the roller 400 further includes a cylindrical adjusting knob 402, a rolling bearing 403, and a fixing rod 404, as shown in fig. 17 and 18. The adjusting knob 402 is concentrically connected with the second micro gear 401, so that a user can rotate the angle conveniently; the second micro-gear 401 and the rolling bearing 403 are connected together through a fixing rod 404, when a user applies a rotating torque to the adjusting knob 402, the second micro-gear 401 rotates to adjust an angle together with the first micro-gear 301 of the connecting part 300 in a shape like the Chinese character 'hui', so that the rolling direction of the rolling bearing 403 is changed; the rolling bearing 403 has a small friction force, and according to the property that the rolling friction force is smaller than the sliding friction force, a user can slightly push the slide rule to enable the slide rule to translate along the rolling direction of the rolling bearing 403.

The using method comprises the following steps:

(1) scenario one: the speed of 10-30 is corresponding to the course (unit: chain) within 1-10 minutes.

Assuming that the speed of 21 knots is 21 minutes, firstly, the scales corresponding to the speed of 21 knots are found on the I-shaped structural beam 101 of the base ruler 100 and the T-shaped structural beam 201 of the stretching ruler 200 respectively, and the scale mark of 8 minutes is found on the upper plate surface, so that the thickening scale mark is 28 at the speed of 21 knots of the base ruler, namely, the voyage of 8 minutes at the speed of 21 knots is 28 chains, as shown in fig. 19.

(2) Scenario two: and drawing a line segment representing the voyage of the ship on the drawing according to the known speed and time.

Speed 22 knots are known, taking 9 minutes. Firstly, 22-section speed corresponding scales are found on the I-shaped structural beam 101 of the base ruler 100 and the T-shaped structural beam 201 of the stretching ruler 200 respectively, 9-minute scales are found on the upper plate surface, the thickened scale mark at the intersection point is 33, and the corresponding flight is 33 chains and is used for drawing the length of a flight line segment. The lower edge scale of the T-shaped structural beam 201 representing 22 knots is found along the stretching ruler 200 on the drawing sheet, and the upper scale edge scale of the i-shaped structural beam 101 representing 22 knots is found on the base ruler 100, which is represented as 22 knots on the drawing sheet, and the flight time is 9 minutes, as shown in fig. 20.

(3) Scenario three: the speed and heading of the target are quickly determined.

The method comprises the steps that the self navigates in a certain direction at the speed of 13 knots, the position of the self is A0 at the time of 0, a target is in the direction of 0 degrees and is 40 chains away from the self, and the position of the target is recorded as B0. After 1 minute, according to the method used in (2) scenario two, 13 sections of speed 1 minute voyage, that is, the position of my party at this time, is obtained and recorded as a 1. According to the fact that other devices such as sonar observe the target to the position that the target is 30 degrees away from the own party 33 at the moment, the target position is recorded as B1. After 3 minutes, according to the method used in the second scenario (2), 13 sections of 3-minute voyage with speed is obtained, namely the position at this moment in our place is marked as A2. The target was observed to be at the 35 ° direction from my side 27 chain at this time, with the target position B2.

As shown in fig. 21, after three positions of the targets B0, B1, B2 are present, in order to quickly determine the speed of the target, when the target is found, an estimation of the speed of the target is given, assuming that the estimated value is 11 knots, the "T" -shaped structural beam 201 corresponding to the speed is pulled out from the base ruler 100, the B0, B1, B2 respectively correspond to the bold scale lines corresponding to T =0, T =1, T =3 on the 11 knots of the "T" -shaped structural beam 201, after several adjustments, alignment is found out, the 11 knots of the "T" -shaped structure are retracted, the 12 knots of the "T" -shaped structural beam 201 are pulled out from the base ruler 100, the B0, B1, B2 respectively correspond to the bold scale lines corresponding to T =0, T =1, T =3 on the 12 knots of the "T" -shaped structural beam 201, after several adjustments, alignment is found out, the "T" -shaped structural beam 201 is found out, after several adjustments, alignment is found out, the same operation is possible, the points B0, B1 and B3 are connected along the 13-section T-shaped structural beam 201 to form a line, and the angle between the line and the heading in the same direction is found to be 25 degrees, and finally the target speed is 13 sections and the heading relative to the same direction is 25 degrees, as shown in fig. 22.

(4) Scene four: and translation of the slide rule along the set angle direction.

One line was translated in the 45 direction. The roller structures on both sides of the base rule 100 are first adjusted to 45 ° along the scale marked on the portion where the base rule 100 is connected to the roller 400, and then the slide rule is flicked by hand to a desired position.

The invention provides a ruler combination through innovative design, effectively reduces the occupied space of the slide rule and the number of independent tools through the design of the stretching rule, improves the convenience of storage and collection, simultaneously, the slide rule can realize the rapid calculation between the navigation time, the navigation speed and the navigation mileage by combining the stretching rule 200 with the base rule 100 for use, and the stretching rule 200 adopts a discrete structure to be matched for use, thereby organically and flexibly embedding the calculation function of the common relative motion elements in navigation, the designed slide rule can also adopt paper printing, greatly reduces the manufacturing and using cost, is also beneficial to the storage of the drawing process, and has obvious practical application value of the technical scheme.

The printed slide rule adopting paper printing can also realize the effect when the stretching rule 200 is completely in the pulling-out state, and the prior printed slide rule has two using methods.

1. Printed slide rule implementation scheme one

The printed slide rule comprises an upper graduated scale, a lower graduated scale and a middle voyage graduated scale, wherein the graduations of the upper graduated scale and the lower graduated scale are increased from left to right and from 0, the middle voyage graduated scale comprises voyage graduated scales (unit: chain) corresponding to the time 1 to TD1 minutes of running at the speed SD1 to SD1+ SDN section, and the voyage graduated scales (unit: chain) corresponding to the time 1 to TD2 minutes of running at different speeds SD2 to SD2+ SDN.

Fig. 23 shows a schematic diagram of a printed slide rule implementation, taking the values SD1=5, TD1=10, TDI1= 1; TD2=12, TDI1=0.5, SD2= 1; SDN = 25.

In fig. 23, from top to bottom, there are a total of SDN +2=27 lines, where 1 to SDN +1=26 lines represent 5-30 knots of speed, respectively, and the left value of the graph can quickly determine the corresponding speed. The corresponding course (unit: chain) of 1-10 minutes at the speed is arranged at the lower side of each line, and the required time can be found through numbers below the scale to determine the corresponding course (unit: chain).

From top to bottom SDN +1=26 lines, 2 to SDN-1=24 lines, representing 1-TD2=12 minutes (one line per TDI2=0.5 minutes), the time corresponding to each line can be quickly determined from the right value of the figure. The upper side of each line is the corresponding course (unit: chain) of 1-26 sections of speed at the time, and the required speed can be found through the speed under the scale to determine the corresponding course (unit: chain).

The 1 st uppermost and the lowermost SDN +2=27 lines are marked with 1-50 scale, which is 1:

scale

1, 1 strand per 1 full scale interval. In use, voyage may be determined by comparing the uppermost and lowermost scales.

The use method of the printing type slide rule is as follows:

the first embodiment is as follows: 5-30 speed corresponding to 1-10 minutes voyage (unit: chain)

Speed 5 knots are known, taking 9 minutes. First find the line representing speed 5 knots by the left digit and find the tick mark at t =9, giving the flight 7.5 chain, as in fig. 24.

Example two: 1-12 minutes corresponding voyage (unit: chain) within 1-26 speed

It is known to take 6.5 minutes at a rate of 19 knots. First find the line representing time 6.5 minutes by the number on the right and find the tick mark at v =19, resulting in a flight 20.5 chain, as in fig. 25.

2. Printed slide rule implementation scheme two

The printed slide rule comprises an upper graduated scale, a lower graduated scale and a middle voyage graduated scale, wherein the graduations of the upper graduated scale are increased from right to left and from 0, the graduations of the lower graduated scale are increased from left to right and from 0, the middle voyage graduated scale comprises the voyage graduated scale (unit: chain) corresponding to 1-TD1 minutes of running at speeds SD1-SD1+ SDN, and the upper right graduated scale (unit: chain) corresponding to 1-TD2 minutes of running at different speeds SD2-SD2+ SDN is arranged in the upper right half.

Here, fig. 26 gives a second schematic of the printed slide rule, and the values are SD1=5, TD1=10, and TDI1= 1; TD2=13.5, TDI1=0.5, SD2= 1; SDN = 25.

In fig. 26, from top to bottom, there are a total of SDN +3=28 lines, where the 2 nd to SDN +2=27 lines represent 5-30 pitches, respectively, and the left values of the graph can quickly determine the corresponding speed, and the speeds are sequentially increased by one pitch from top to bottom. The upper side of each line is the corresponding voyage (unit: chain) of 1-10 minutes at the speed, the used time can be found through the numbers under the scale, and the corresponding voyage (unit: chain) is determined by referring to the scale line of the voyage at the lower part; the graduation marks of the lower range graduated scale are 0-70, and are sequentially increased from left to right and correspond to the graduation marks.

From 2 to 2 of SDN +3=28 lines from top to bottom, representing 1 to TD2=13.5 minutes (one line per TDI2=0.5 minutes), decreasing from TD2=13.5 from top to bottom by 0.5 minutes, the time corresponding to each line can be quickly determined from the values at the right of the figure. The lower side of each line is a voyage (unit: chain) corresponding to 1-26 sections of speed at the time, the used speed can be found through the speed under the scale, and the corresponding voyage (unit: chain) is determined by referring to the uppermost voyage line; the scale marks of the range scale at the upper part are 70-0 and are sequentially decreased from left to right, and the scale marks correspond to the range scale.

The use method of the printing type slide rule is as follows

The speed is known at 27 knots and takes 8 minutes. First find the line representing velocity 27 knots by the left digit, find the tick mark at t =8, refer to the lowest leg scale, and arrive at a leg 36 chain, as shown in fig. 27.

Example two: 1-13.5 minutes corresponding voyage (unit: chain) within 1-26 speed

It is known to take 10.5 minutes at a speed of 17 knots. First find the line representing time 10.5 minutes by the number on the right, find the tick at v =17, refer to the uppermost flight scale, and give a chain of flights 29.7, as shown in fig. 28.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a translation slide rule is applied to navigation mapping and is characterized in that the translation slide rule comprises a base rule and a stretching rule, the stretching rule can extend and retract relative to the base rule, the base rule comprises MD I-shaped structural beams, each I-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the stretching rule comprises MD-1T-shaped structural beams, each T-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, and the T-shaped structural beams extend and retract in a space defined between two adjacent I-shaped structural beams of the base rule;

the translation slide rule determines the target speed and the heading according to the known speed and time of the party; the using method comprises the following steps:

s302, after 1 minute, drawing a line segment representing the course of the navigation route on a drawing according to the known speed and time, obtaining the 1-minute navigation route under the speed SD3 according to the speed SD3 of the current party and the time of 1 minute, and recording the position of the current party as A1;

s304.3 minutes later, according to the known speed and time, drawing a line segment for representing the course on a drawing, obtaining the 3-minute course under the speed SD3 according to the speed SD3 and the time 3 minutes of our party, and recording the position of our party at the moment as A2;

s306, after three positions of the targets B0, B1 and B2 are obtained, a speed estimation value SD4 of the targets is set, the T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD4 is pulled out from the base ruler, the estimation values are adjusted until B0, B1 and B2 are respectively aligned with scale lines corresponding to T =0, T =1 and T =3 on the T-shaped structural beam, the alignable estimation value is the measurement value SD5 of the target speed, after alignment, points B0, B1 and B3 are connected with the T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD5 to form a line, an included angle between the line and the heading of the current direction is X3 degrees, the target speed is SD5, and the heading of the current direction is X3 degrees.

2. The use method of a translation slide rule according to claim 1, wherein the base rule and the extension rule are respectively provided with a first limit structure and a second limit structure, wherein the first limit structure is a connecting plate arranged between two adjacent I-shaped structural beams on the base rule, the second limit structure is a limit block arranged at the end part of the extension rule, and when the extension rule extends to a limit position, the limit block abuts against the connecting plate to prevent the extension rule from falling out of the base rule.

3. The use method of the translation slide rule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower plate surface of each "H" -shaped structural beam and the lower plate surface of each "T" -shaped structural beam are marked with speed and course scales, the upper plate surface is marked with time scales, each "H" -shaped structural beam is marked with two speeds, SD is taken as a starting reference, SDI is taken as a speed interval, SDN is taken as a speed increment, the maximum value of the time scale is TD, the combination of the base ruler and the stretching ruler can realize the course corresponding to the SD-SD + SDN speed for 1 to TD minutes, the upper edge scale of the nth stretching ruler and the nth lower edge scale of the base ruler together represent the course corresponding to 1 to TD minutes at the corresponding speed, and the nth lower edge scale of the stretching ruler and the nth +1 upper edge scale of the base ruler together represent the course corresponding to 1 to TD minutes at the corresponding speed.

4. A method for using a translation slide rule is characterized in that the translation slide rule comprises a base rule, a stretching rule and a translation device, wherein the stretching rule can extend and retract relative to the base rule, the base rule comprises MD I-shaped structural beams, each I-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the stretching rule comprises MD-1T-shaped structural beams, each T-shaped structural beam is provided with an upper edge scale and a lower edge scale, the T-shaped structural beams extend and retract in a space defined between two adjacent I-shaped structural beams of the base rule, the translation device comprises a return-shaped connecting part and a roller wheel which are arranged on the base rule, and the translation device enables the slide rule to translate along a set angle;

5. The use method of the translation slide rule according to claim 4, wherein the first micro-gear is arranged in the cavity of the square-shaped connecting part, the second micro-gear is arranged outside the roller, and the first micro-gear is meshed with the second micro-gear, so that the roller can freely rotate in the square-shaped connecting part of the base rule.

6. The method of using a translating slide rule according to claim 5 wherein the roller comprises an adjustment knob, a rolling bearing and a fixed rod; the adjusting knob is connected with the second micro gear in a concentric mode, the second micro gear is connected with the rolling bearing through the fixing rod, rotating torque is applied to the adjusting knob, the second micro gear rotates, the angle of the second micro gear and the first micro gear of the connecting portion in the shape of the Chinese character 'hui' are adjusted together, and therefore the rolling direction of the rolling bearing is adjusted.

7. The use of the translation slide rule according to claim 6, wherein the upper surface of the "hui" shaped joint is marked with an angle scale, each tooth represents 2.5 ° and a specific angle of rotation can be achieved.

8. A method for using a translation slide rule, which is characterized in that based on the method for using the translation slide rule of any one of claims 1 to 7, the method is applied to marine surveying and mapping and the corresponding voyage is measured according to the known speed and time; the method comprises the following steps:

s101, known speed SD1, time-to-use T1;

9. Use method of a translation slide rule, characterized in that, based on the use method of the translation slide rule according to any one of claims 1-7, the use method is applied to marine surveying and mapping, and the drawing of line segments representing the course of the navigation is realized on a drawing according to the known speed and time; the method comprises the following steps:

s201, known speed SD2, time of use T2;

s203, stretching the nth T-shaped structural beam corresponding to the speed SD2 to an extreme position, splicing the T-shaped structural beam and the I-shaped structural beam into a complete scale mark at the speed SD2, finding a T2 scale on the upper plate surface, and obtaining a corresponding voyage M2;