CN114001494A - Medium-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system and method - Google Patents
Medium-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a middle-deep geothermal energy combined type cold and heat supply system and a method. The method is based on the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy, and extracts the middle-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ underground by the way of dividing wall type heat exchange, thereby realizing the stable, continuous and efficient utilization of the middle-deep geothermal energy which is high-grade renewable energy. Meanwhile, a clean and low-carbon cooling and heating system is constructed by combining the shallow buried pipe and the cooling tower; and then, according to the comparison of the total cost of the whole life cycle under different heat source occupation ratios, the optimal heat source occupation ratio and the system form are determined, and the optimal economic benefit is realized on the basis of fully mining the energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits of the renewable geothermal energy.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a cold and hot supply system and method, and more particularly, to a medium-deep geothermal energy combined cold and hot supply system and method.
Background
Carbon emissions from energy consumption in the construction field are an important component of the current total carbon emission structure, wherein direct and indirect carbon emissions from heating and air conditioning systems are important. In order to reduce carbon emission caused by a heat supply and air conditioning system, a low-carbon energy structure mainly based on zero-carbon energy needs to be vigorously developed, including efficient utilization of renewable energy and safe application of nuclear energy, so that a large amount of traditional fossil energy is eliminated, and the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction are continuously achieved while high-quality development of society is met.
The heat supply technology of the buried pipe heat pump of the middle-deep geothermal energy is characterized in that the middle-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ is extracted in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode on the basis of not exploiting underground water, and stable, continuous, low-carbon and efficient heat supply is realized by combining an electrically driven heat pump heat supply technology, so that the heat supply technology is a key technology for realizing clean low-carbon heat supply in the field of buildings. However, the middle-deep geothermal energy has high temperature, so that the device is only suitable for autumn heat supply and cannot discharge heat into the autumn geothermal energy, and therefore, in order to make up for the defect that the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe heat pump heat supply technology can only supply heat, a corresponding cold and heat supply and discharge system needs to be matched to realize high-efficiency and low-carbon combined supply of cold and heat. Conventional cooling and heat removal systems include two ways, one way is to remove heat to the air through a cooling tower, and the other way is to remove heat to shallow low temperature soil through a shallow buried pipe. Therefore, how to effectively match the medium-deep geothermal buried pipe, the shallow buried pipe and the cooling tower, the carbon emission caused by system heat supply and cold supply is greatly reduced while the best economic benefit of the whole life cycle is realized, and the key problem to be solved urgently in the application of the medium-deep geothermal buried pipe heat pump heat supply technology is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the technology, the invention provides a middle-deep geothermal energy and middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system and method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system, which comprises a middle-deep geothermal energy buried pipe unit, a shallow geothermal energy buried pipe unit, a cooling tower unit, a heat source side water pump unit, a cooling side water pump unit, a heat pump unit, a user side water pump unit and a building user unit;
the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit is connected with the heat source side water pump unit; the shallow buried pipe unit is respectively connected with the heat source side water pump unit and the cooling side water pump unit, and the cooling tower unit is connected with the cooling side water pump unit; the heat source side water pump unit and the cooling side water pump unit are respectively connected with the heat pump unit, the heat pump unit is connected with the user side water pump unit, and the user side water pump unit is connected with the building user unit.
Furthermore, the building user unit is the actual heating and cooling end,
furthermore, the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit comprises one or more middle-deep geothermal buried pipes, and the buried pipe depth of each middle-deep geothermal buried pipe is 2-3 kilometers; on the basis of not exploiting underground water, the intermediate-deep geothermal buried pipe extracts intermediate-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ underground in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode.
Furthermore, the shallow buried pipe unit comprises one or more shallow buried pipes, and the buried pipe depth of each intermediate-deep geothermal buried pipe is 150-250 meters; on the basis of not exploiting underground water, the shallow buried pipe exchanges heat with shallow soil in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode.
Furthermore, the cooling tower unit comprises a set of cooling tower group, and the fan frequency of the cooling tower group is adjustable within 25-50 Hz.
Furthermore, the heat source side water pump unit comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50 Hz; the cooling side water pump unit comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50 Hz; the user side water pump unit comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50 Hz.
Furthermore, the heat pump unit comprises one or more high-efficiency heat pump units which can supply cold in summer and heat in winter.
A working method of a middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system comprises the following steps:
heating working conditions in winter: the heat source water after being heated from the soil of the middle-deep layer geothermal buried pipe unit and the shallow layer geothermal buried pipe unit is driven by the heat source side water pump unit to enter the heat pump unit, the heat is transferred to the heat supply circulating water at the user side through the heat pump unit, and the heat supply circulating water is heated by the heat pump unit and then is supplied to the building user unit through the user side water pump unit;
cooling working condition in summer: the heat pump unit absorbs heat from the building user unit to realize the heat supply function of the building user unit; the absorbed heat is absorbed by cooling side circulating water in a heat pump unit, the cooling side circulating water heated by temperature rise is driven by the cooling side circulating water, one part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into soil through a shallow buried pipe unit, and the other part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into the air through a cooling tower unit.
Further, a design method of a middle-deep geothermal energy combined type cold and hot supply system comprises the following steps: actual heat and cold supply requirements of the project are determined; determining the peak heat taking amount of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe according to the geological geothermal conditions of the project site, and determining the peak heat removal amount in summer and the peak heat taking amount in winter of the single shallow geothermal buried pipe; with peak heat supply load as a target, determining heat supply installed capacity of a heat pump unit and mining quantities of medium-deep geothermal buried pipes and shallow buried pipes through different proportion distribution; determining the cooling and heat supply installed capacity of a heat pump unit and the heat and heat removal installed capacity of a cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the peak cooling and heat supply load as a target;
after the system form is determined, the annual accumulated power consumption and the running cost are determined according to the annual accumulated cooling and heating demands; the optimal collocation combination is determined by matching the buried pipes of the middle-deep layer and the shallow layer in different proportions, considering initial investment and operating cost and comparing the total cost of the twenty-year life cycle, so that the final system configuration is determined.
Further, the specific design method of the middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system comprises the following steps:
step one, according to meteorological conditions and building functions of the location of the project, carrying out detailed analysis and measurement of the hourly heat supply load in the heat supply season and the hourly cooling load in the cooling season to obtain the hourly heat supply and cooling demands, and then determining the peak heat supply load Qh,maxAnd accumulated heat supply Qh,aPeak cooling load Qc,maxAnd accumulated cooling capacity Qc,a；
Step two, determining the geothermal geological conditions of the project location, including the soil heat conductivity coefficient and the temperature rise gradient, and selecting proper size and construction flow of the buried pipe according to the geothermal geological conditions;
step three, determining peak heat taking quantity Q of single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe by combining geothermal geological conditionse,m,maxDetermining summer peak heat removal quantity Q of single shallow buried pipe as shown in formula 1p,s,max(general value is 12 kW/root) and winter peak heat extraction quantity Qe,s,max(generally taking a value of 8 kW/root);
wherein Q ise，m，maxTaking heat power for the peak of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in kW;
is the average temperature of the soil in units; t is tinThe water temperature of the inlet of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is unit ℃; k is equivalent heat transfer coefficient, unit kW/DEG C, and the calculation formula is shown as 2:
K＝f(λg，λo，λi，HEr, G) formula 2
Wherein K is equivalent heat exchange coefficient and has unit kW/DEG C; lambda [ alpha ]gThe soil thermal conductivity coefficient is expressed as W/(m.K); lambda [ alpha ]iThe heat conductivity coefficient of the outer sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); the coefficient of heat conductivity of the inner sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); hEThe depth of the buried pipe is the depth of the geothermal ground at the middle and deep layers in m; r is the pipe diameter of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in unit m; g is the circulation flow of the buried pipe of the intermediate geothermal floor in m3/h；
Step four, with project peak heat supply load as a target, giving heat supply ratio of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe, determining the respective mining quantity of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe by combining peak heat taking capacity of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and a single shallow buried pipe, and calculating the process as shown in formulas 3-7;
COPh＝α*COPm+(1-α)*COPsequation 3
Wherein the COPhRepresenting the comprehensive energy efficiency of the heat supply of the coupling system; COPmThe heat supply energy efficiency of the heat pump system for the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal floor is 5.0; COPs are the heat supply energy efficiency of the shallow buried pipe heat pump system, and the value is 3.5; alpha is the using proportion of the buried pipe of the intermediate-deep geothermal ground; qh,maxPeak heat load for the project, unit kW; qe,mIn kW for the need of extracting heat from the buried pipe of geothermal ground in the middle and deep layers; qe,sIn kW unit for extracting heat from the shallow buried pipe; qe,m,maxTaking heat from the peak of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe in kW unit; qe,s,maxTaking heat for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofmAnd NsRespectively representing the mining quantity of the medium-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow geothermal buried pipe;
step five, calculating the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the project peak cooling load as a target and combining the heat removal capacity of the exploited shallow buried pipe, as shown in a formula 8;
wherein Q isp,ctThe unit kW is the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower; qe,maxThe peak cooling load of the project is in kW; the COPc is the cooling energy efficiency of the system and is taken as 5.0; qp,s,maxThe heat is discharged for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofsThe mining quantity of the shallow buried pipes obtained in the step five is calculated;
step six, determining the installed capacity of the heat pump unit according to the larger value of the peak cooling load and the peak heating load of the project;
step seven, respectively selecting installed capacities of a user side water pump, a heat source side water pump and a cooling side water pump according to peak cooling load, peak heat supply load, peak heat extraction demand and peak heat extraction demand; the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the user side is 5K, the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the heat source side is 10K, and the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the cooling side is 5K;
step eight, after the system configuration is determined, the initial investment of system construction under the current configuration can be obtained;
step nine, according to the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the middle-deep buried pipe and the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the shallow buried pipe of 3.5, the selected respective ratio is combined, the overall operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system is obtained through weighted average, and the annual operation energy efficiency of the cooling system is 5.0;
step ten, calculating annual accumulated power consumption, operation cost, carbon emission, primary energy consumption and other pollutant emission according to annual accumulated heat supply and annual accumulated cold supply capacity and by combining operation energy efficiency of a heat supply system and a cold supply system; the calculation formula is shown as 9-12;
Cmoneyw β formula 10
CceW δ equation 12
Wherein, W is the annual power consumption of the system and the unit kWh; cmoneyThe unit is Yuan for the annual operating cost; cco2The discharge amount is CO2 and is unit kg; cceThe consumption of standard coal is unit kgce; beta is the energy price, unit/kWh; gamma power emission factor in kg/kWh; delta is a power conversion standard coal factor, and the unit kgce/kWh;
step eleven, considering the initial investment and the operation cost, and calculating the total cost of the full life cycle of the initial investment and the twenty-year operation cost;
and step twelve, changing the occupation ratio of the buried pipes of the intermediate-deep geothermal energy to the buried pipes of the shallow geothermal energy in the step four, obtaining the total cost of the system in the whole life cycle under different occupation ratios, and determining the optimal occupation ratio according to the lowest total cost so as to determine the optimal system configuration.
The invention discloses a middle-deep geothermal energy and middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system and method, which are based on a middle-deep geothermal buried pipe, extract underground middle-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode, and realize stable, continuous and efficient utilization of the middle-deep geothermal energy which is high-grade renewable energy. Meanwhile, a clean and low-carbon cooling and heating system is constructed by combining the heat removal capability of the shallow buried pipe and the cooling tower; and then, according to the comparison of the total cost of the whole life cycle under different heat source occupation ratios, the optimal heat source occupation ratio and the system form are determined, and the optimal economic benefit is realized on the basis of fully mining the energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits of the renewable geothermal energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a design method of a deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit; 2. a shallow buried pipe unit; 3. a cooling tower unit; 4. a heat source side water pump unit; 5. a cooling side water pump unit; 6. a heat pump unit; 7. a user side water pump unit; 8. building a subscriber unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
According to the middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system disclosed by the invention, the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe, the shallow geothermal buried pipe and the cooling tower are combined in the same system, the functions of heat supply in winter and heat removal in summer are taken into consideration, and the best economic benefit is realized on the basis of energy conservation and emission reduction benefits.
As shown in fig. 1, a system diagram of a middle-deep geothermal energy combined type cold and heat supply system disclosed by the present invention includes a middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1, a shallow buried pipe unit 2, a cooling tower unit 3, a heat source side water pump unit 4, a cooling side water pump unit 5, a heat pump unit 6, a user side water pump unit 7, and a building user unit 8;
the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1 is connected with the heat source side water pump unit 4, and heat source water driven by the heat source side water pump unit 4 can enter the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1 in winter to absorb the heat energy of the middle-deep geothermal water;
the shallow buried pipe unit 2 is respectively connected with a heat source side water pump unit 4 and a cooling side water pump unit 5; thus, the heat source water driven by the heat source side water pump unit 4 can enter the shallow geothermal buried pipe 2 in winter to absorb the shallow geothermal energy, and the cooling water driven by the cooling side water pump unit 5 can discharge the heat to the soil through the shallow geothermal buried pipe unit 2 in summer;
the cooling tower unit 3 is connected to the cooling-side water pump unit 5, and the cooling water driven by the cooling-side water pump unit 5 can discharge heat to the air through the cooling tower unit 3 in summer;
for the heat source side water pump unit 4 and the cooling side water pump unit 5, the two are respectively connected with a heat pump unit 6, and the heat pump unit 6 is a main place for heat exchange; meanwhile, the heat pump unit 6 is connected with the user side water pump unit 7, and the user side water pump unit 7 is connected with the building user unit 8; furthermore, in winter, the heat pump unit 6 heats the heating circulating water by utilizing the heat sent by the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1 and the shallow buried pipe unit 2 so as to supply heat to building users; in summer, heat is absorbed from the building user unit 8 by the heat pump unit 6, and after the cooling water absorbs the heat discharged by the building user at the heat pump unit 6, the cooling water is discharged into the shallow buried pipe unit 2 and the cooling tower 3 through the cooling side water pump unit 5 to be discharged.
The building user unit 8 is the actual heating and cooling end, the middle and deep geothermal energy combined type cold and heat supply system supplies heat to the building user unit 8 in winter, and the middle and deep geothermal energy combined type cold and heat supply system discharges heat to the building user unit 8 in summer.
Further, for the middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system disclosed by the invention, each component unit is specifically provided with:
the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1 comprises one or more middle-deep geothermal buried pipes, and the buried pipe depth of each middle-deep geothermal buried pipe is 2-3 kilometers; for the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe, the middle-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ underground is extracted in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode on the basis of not exploiting underground water. Taking the example of the buried pipe depth of 2.5 kilometers, the peak heat taking amount of a buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground with the depth of 2.5 kilometers can reach 500kW, and the water outlet temperature can reach 30 ℃.
The shallow buried pipe unit 2 comprises one or more shallow buried pipes, and exchanges heat with shallow soil in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode on the basis of not exploiting underground water; taking the depth of the buried pipe as 200 meters as an example, the peak heat extraction amount in winter of a shallow buried pipe with the depth of 200 meters can reach 8kW, and the heat exhaust amount in summer can reach 16 kW.
The cooling tower unit comprises a set of cooling tower group, the fan frequency of the cooling tower group is adjustable within 25-50Hz, and continuous adjustment of heat removal is realized.
The heat source side water pump unit 4 comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50Hz, and continuous adjustment of flow is achieved to maintain the temperature difference of 10K supply return water on the heat source side.
The cooling side water pump unit 5 comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50Hz, and the continuous adjustment of the flow is realized so as to maintain the temperature difference of the 5K supply return water at the cooling side.
The heat pump unit 6 comprises one or more high-efficiency heat pump units which can supply cold in summer and heat in winter, the heating COP of the adopted high-efficiency heat pump unit under the rated heating working condition can reach 7.0, the water supply and return temperature of a condensation side is maintained at 45/40 ℃, and the water supply and return temperature of an evaporation side is maintained at 30/20 ℃; the refrigeration COP of the rated refrigeration working condition can reach 6.0, the water supply and return temperature of the condensation side is maintained at 30/35 ℃, and the water supply and return temperature of the evaporation side is maintained at 7/12 ℃.
The user side water pump unit 7 comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, the frequency of the water pumps is adjustable within 25-50Hz, and the flow is continuously adjustable so as to maintain the temperature difference of 5K supply and return water at the user side.
In addition, in order to realize the coordinated operation among a plurality of units of the whole system, an intelligent regulation and control system can be equipped for the middle-deep geothermal energy combined type cold and heat supply system, and the intelligent regulation and control system can enable the whole system to keep efficient cold and heat supply operation all the year around based on big data analysis.
The invention discloses a middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and hot supply system, which comprises the following specific working processes:
heating working conditions in winter: the hot source water after being heated from the soil of the middle-deep layer geothermal buried pipe unit 1 and the shallow layer geothermal buried pipe unit 2 is driven by the heat source side water pump unit 4 to enter the heat pump unit 6, the heat is transferred to the heat supply circulating water at the user side through the heat pump unit 6, and the heat supply circulating water is heated by the heat pump unit 6, and then is supplied to the building user unit 8 through the user side water pump unit 7;
cooling working condition in summer: the heat pump unit 6 absorbs heat from the building user unit 8 to realize the cold supply function of the building user unit 8; the absorbed heat is absorbed by cooling side circulating water in a heat pump unit 6, the cooling side circulating water heated by temperature rise is driven by the cooling side circulating water, one part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into soil through a shallow buried pipe unit 2, and the other part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into the air through a cooling tower unit 3.
In addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the working condition of the whole system, valves are respectively arranged on a communicating pipeline of the heat source side water pump unit 4 and the heat pump unit 6, a communicating pipeline of the cold source side water pump unit 5 and the heat pump unit 6, a return pipeline of the heat pump unit 6 communicated with the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit 1 and the shallow buried pipe unit 2, and a return pipeline of the heat pump unit 6 communicated with the cooling tower unit 3.
Aiming at the middle-deep geothermal energy combined cold and hot supply system disclosed by the invention, the specific configuration design of the system is carried out,
firstly, according to the meteorological conditions and the building functions of the location of the project, carrying out detailed analysis and measurement of the hourly heating load of a heating season and the hourly cooling load of a cooling machine, and determining the actual heating and cooling demands of the project; determining the peak heat taking amount of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe according to the geological geothermal conditions of the site of the project, and determining the peak heat removal amount in summer and the peak heat taking amount in winter of the single shallow geothermal buried pipe; secondly, determining the heat installation capacity of a heat pump unit, the exploitation quantity of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipes and the shallow buried pipes by taking the peak heat supply load as a target and distributing according to different proportions; determining the cooling and heat supply installed capacity of a heat pump unit and the heat and heat removal installed capacity of a cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the peak cooling and heat supply load as a target; determining the system form, and determining the annual accumulated power consumption and operating cost according to the annual accumulated cooling and heating demands; finally, the optimal collocation combination is determined by matching the buried pipes of the middle-deep layer and the shallow layer with different proportions, considering the initial investment and the operating cost and comparing the total cost of the twenty-year life cycle, so that the final system configuration is determined.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific design method of the system configuration is as follows:
step one, according to meteorological conditions and building functions of the location of the project, carrying out detailed analysis and measurement of the hourly heat supply load in the heat supply season and the hourly cooling load in the cooling season to obtain the hourly heat supply and cooling demands, and then determining the peak heat supply load Qh，maxAnd accumulated heat supply Qh，aPeak cooling load Qc，maxAnd accumulated cooling capacity Qc，a(ii) a All the parameters determined in the step are input conditions of system configuration, and the calculation and analysis are in the prior art;
step two, determining the geothermal geological conditions of the project location, including the soil heat conductivity coefficient and the temperature rise gradient, and selecting proper size and construction flow of the buried pipe according to the geothermal geological conditions;
step three, determining peak heat taking quantity Q of single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe by combining geothermal geological conditionse，m，maxDetermining summer peak heat removal quantity Q of single shallow buried pipe as shown in formula 1p，s，max(general value is 12 kW/root) and winter peak heat extraction quantity Qe，s，max(generally taking a value of 8 kW/root);
wherein Q ise，m，maxTaking heat power for the peak of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in kW;
is the average temperature of the soil in units; t is tinThe water temperature of the inlet of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is unit ℃; k is equivalent heat transfer coefficient, unit kW/DEG C, and the calculation formula is shown as 2:
K＝f(λg，λo，λi，HEr, G) formula 2
Wherein K is equivalent heat exchange coefficient and has unit kW/DEG C; lambda [ alpha ]gHeat conduction system for soilNumber, unit W/(m.K); lambda [ alpha ]iThe heat conductivity coefficient of the outer sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); the coefficient of heat conductivity of the inner sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); hEThe depth of the buried pipe is the depth of the geothermal ground at the middle and deep layers in m; r is the pipe diameter of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in unit m; g is the circulation flow of the buried pipe of the intermediate geothermal floor in m3/h；
Step four, with project peak heat supply load as a target, giving heat supply ratio of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe, determining the respective mining quantity of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe by combining peak heat taking capacity of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and a single shallow buried pipe, and calculating the process as shown in formulas 3-7;
COPh＝α*COPm+(1-α)*COPsequation 3
Wherein the COPhRepresenting the comprehensive energy efficiency of the heat supply of the coupling system; COPmThe heat supply energy efficiency of the heat pump system for the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal floor is 5.0; COPs are the heat supply energy efficiency of the shallow buried pipe heat pump system, and the value is 3.5; alpha is the using proportion of the buried pipe of the intermediate-deep geothermal ground; qh，maxPeak heat load for the project, unit kW; qe，mIn kW for the need of extracting heat from the buried pipe of geothermal ground in the middle and deep layers; qe，sTo extract heat from shallow buried pipeskW；Qe，m，maxTaking heat from the peak of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe in kW unit; qe，s，maxTaking heat for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofmAnd NsRespectively representing the mining quantity of the medium-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow geothermal buried pipe;
step five, calculating the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the project peak cooling load as a target and combining the heat removal capacity of the exploited shallow buried pipe, as shown in a formula 8;
wherein Q isp，ctThe unit kW is the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower; qe，maxThe peak cooling load of the project is in kW; the COPc is the cooling energy efficiency of the system and is taken as 5.0; qp，s，maxThe heat is discharged for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofsThe mining quantity of the shallow buried pipes obtained in the step five is calculated;
step six, determining the installed capacity of the heat pump unit according to the larger value of the peak cooling load and the peak heating load of the project;
step seven, respectively selecting installed capacities of a user side water pump, a heat source side water pump and a cooling side water pump according to peak cooling load, peak heat supply load, peak heat extraction demand and peak heat extraction demand; the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the user side is 5K, the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the heat source side is 10K, and the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the cooling side is 5K;
step eight, after the system configuration is determined, the initial investment of system construction under the current configuration can be obtained;
step nine, according to the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the middle-deep buried pipe and the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the shallow buried pipe of 3.5, the selected respective ratio is combined, the overall operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system is obtained through weighted average, and the annual operation energy efficiency of the cooling system is 5.0;
step ten, calculating annual accumulated power consumption, operation cost, carbon emission, primary energy consumption and other pollutant emission according to annual accumulated heat supply and annual accumulated cold supply capacity and by combining operation energy efficiency of a heat supply system and a cold supply system; the calculation formula is shown as 9-12;
Cmoneyw β formula 10
CceW δ equation 12
Wherein, W is the annual power consumption of the system and the unit kWh; cmoneyThe unit is Yuan for the annual operating cost; cco2The discharge amount is CO2 and is unit kg; cceThe consumption of standard coal is unit kgce; beta is the energy price, unit/kWh; gamma power emission factor in kg/kWh; delta is a power conversion standard coal factor, and the unit kgce/kWh;
step eleven, considering the initial investment and the operation cost, and calculating the total cost of the full life cycle of the initial investment and the twenty-year operation cost;
and step twelve, changing the occupation ratio of the buried pipes of the intermediate-deep geothermal energy to the buried pipes of the shallow geothermal energy in the step four, obtaining the total cost of the system in the whole life cycle under different occupation ratios, and determining the optimal occupation ratio according to the lowest total cost so as to determine the optimal system configuration.
Therefore, compared with the conventional heat supply technology, the deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system and the method have the following advantages:
1) compared with the heat supply technology of the buried pipe heat pump of the middle-deep geothermal energy, the buried pipe heat pump heat supply technology has the advantages of high heat source temperature, large heat taking amount, stable system operation, high performance, small occupied area, underground water resource protection and the like, is not influenced by ground climate conditions, can realize the clean, high-efficiency and continuous utilization of the middle-deep geothermal energy, is a high-quality clean and high-efficiency heat supply technology of renewable energy, realizes heat supply electrification when the occupation ratio of the renewable energy is up to more than 80 percent in heat supply application, only discharges carbon dioxide of unit heat supply amount of 30-40kg/GJ, and can realize the aim of zero-carbon heat supply along with the driving of clean electric power.
2) The shallow buried pipe is used for taking both the functions of heat supply in winter and heat removal in summer, and the characteristic of high-efficiency heat removal in summer of the cooling tower is combined, so that the defect that the medium-deep buried pipe can only take heat is well overcome, and the high-efficiency heat pump heating system taking both the functions of heat supply in winter and cold supply in summer is constructed; meanwhile, through comparison of total cost of the whole life cycle under different heat source occupation ratios, the optimal heat source occupation ratio and system form are selected, and the optimal economic benefit is realized on the basis of fully exploiting the energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits of renewable geothermal energy.
3) The ultra-high efficiency electrically driven heat pump unit adopted by the invention has both high-efficiency heat supply in winter and high-efficiency cold supply in summer. The unit is well suitable for switching working conditions of winter heat supply and summer cold supply through large-range adjustment and variable-frequency operation of the rotating speed of the compressor, and higher operation efficiency is reflected; and under the heating working condition, when the water supply temperature on the condensation side is 45 ℃ and the water outlet temperature on the evaporation side is 20 ℃, the heat supply performance coefficient of the heat pump unit is up to 7.80, and the heat supply performance coefficient of the heat pump heat supply system is up to 6.46. And under the cold supply working condition, when the water supply temperature of the evaporation side is 7 ℃ and the water outlet temperature of the condensation side is 30 ℃, the cold supply performance coefficient of the heat pump unit is up to 7.0, and the cold supply performance coefficient of the heat pump cold supply system is up to 5.0.
4) The invention can further operate by combining with an intelligent regulation and control system for big data analysis; in the actual operation process, the requirements of cooling and heating on the side of the building are fully combined, and efficient collocation and cooperative operation of each heat source and each cold source are realized. After the technology is popularized to a certain amount, the cloud platform intelligent regulation and control system based on big data analysis can realize the overall scheduling of the technology based on the municipal clean power generation rule, realize the power demand side response and consume more clean low-carbon power.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A middle-deep geothermal energy combined type cold and hot supply system is characterized in that: the system comprises a middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit (1), a shallow geothermal buried pipe unit (2), a cooling tower unit (3), a heat source side water pump unit (4), a cooling side water pump unit (5), a heat pump unit (6), a user side water pump unit (7) and a building user unit (8);
the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit (1) is connected with a heat source side water pump unit (4); the shallow buried pipe unit (2) is respectively connected with the heat source side water pump unit (4) and the cooling side water pump unit (5), and the cooling tower unit (3) is connected with the cooling side water pump unit (5); the heat source side water pump unit (4) and the cooling side water pump unit (5) are respectively connected with the heat pump unit (6), the heat pump unit (6) is connected with the user side water pump unit (7), and the user side water pump unit (7) is connected with the building user unit (8).
2. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the building user unit (8) is the actual heating and cooling end.
3. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe unit (1) comprises one or more middle-deep geothermal buried pipes, and the buried pipe depth of each middle-deep geothermal buried pipe is 2-3 kilometers; on the basis of not exploiting underground water, the intermediate-deep geothermal buried pipe extracts intermediate-deep geothermal energy at 70-90 ℃ underground in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode.
4. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the shallow buried pipe unit (2) comprises one or more shallow buried pipes, and the buried pipe depth of each intermediate-deep buried pipe is 150-250 m; on the basis of not exploiting underground water, the shallow buried pipe exchanges heat with shallow soil in a dividing wall type heat exchange mode.
5. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling tower unit (3) comprises a set of cooling tower group, and the fan frequency of the cooling tower group is adjustable within 25-50 Hz.
6. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat source side water pump unit (4) comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of each water pump is 25-50Hz adjustable; the cooling side water pump unit (5) comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of the water pumps is 25-50Hz adjustable; the user side water pump unit (7) comprises one or more variable frequency water pumps, and the frequency of the water pumps is 25-50Hz adjustable.
7. The mid-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat pump unit (6) comprises one or more high-efficiency heat pump units which can supply cold in summer and heat in winter.
8. A method for operating a medium-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
heating working conditions in winter: the heat source water after heat is extracted from the soil of the middle-deep layer geothermal buried pipe unit (1) and the shallow layer geothermal buried pipe unit (2) is driven by the heat source side water pump unit (4) to enter the heat pump unit (6), the heat is transferred to the heat supply circulating water of the user side through the heat pump unit (6), and the heat supply circulating water is heated by the heat pump unit (6) and then is supplied to the building user unit (8) by the user side water pump unit (7);
cooling working condition in summer: the heat pump unit (6) absorbs heat from the building user unit (8) to realize the cold supply function of the building user unit (8); the absorbed heat is absorbed by cooling side circulating water in a heat pump unit (6), the cooling side circulating water heated by temperature rise is driven by the cooling side circulating water, one part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into soil through a shallow buried pipe unit (2), and the other part of the cooling side circulating water is discharged into the air through a cooling tower unit (3).
9. A design method of the middle deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the design method comprises the following steps: actual heat and cold supply requirements of the project are determined; determining the peak heat taking amount of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe according to the geological geothermal conditions of the project site, and determining the peak heat removal amount in summer and the peak heat taking amount in winter of the single shallow geothermal buried pipe; with peak heat supply load as a target, determining heat supply installed capacity of a heat pump unit and mining quantities of medium-deep geothermal buried pipes and shallow buried pipes through different proportion distribution; determining the cooling and heat supply installed capacity of a heat pump unit and the heat and heat removal installed capacity of a cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the peak cooling and heat supply load as a target;
after the system form is determined, the annual accumulated power consumption and the running cost are determined according to the annual accumulated cooling and heating demands; the optimal collocation combination is determined by matching the buried pipes of the middle-deep layer and the shallow layer in different proportions, considering initial investment and operating cost and comparing the total cost of the twenty-year life cycle, so that the final system configuration is determined.
10. The design method of a medium-deep geothermal energy combined cold and heat supply system according to claim 9, wherein: the specific design method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to meteorological conditions and building functions of the location of the project, carrying out detailed analysis and measurement of the hourly heat supply load in the heat supply season and the hourly cooling load in the cooling season to obtain the hourly heat supply and cooling demands, and then determining the peak heat supply load Qh,maxAnd accumulated heat supply Qh,aPeak cooling load Qc,maxAnd accumulated cooling capacity Qc,a；
Step two, determining the geothermal geological conditions of the project location, including the soil heat conductivity coefficient and the temperature rise gradient, and selecting proper size and construction flow of the buried pipe according to the geothermal geological conditions;
step three, determining peak heat taking quantity Q of single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe by combining geothermal geological conditionse,m,maxAs shown in equation 1; determining summer peak heat removal of single shallow buried pipeQuantity Qp,s,maxAnd winter peak heat extraction Qe,s,max；
Wherein Q ise,m,maxTaking heat power for the peak of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in kW;
is the average temperature of the soil in units; t is tinThe water temperature of the inlet of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is unit ℃; k is equivalent heat transfer coefficient, unit kW/DEG C, and the calculation formula is shown as 2:
K＝f(λg，λo，λi，HEr, G) formula 2
Wherein K is equivalent heat exchange coefficient and has unit kW/DEG C; lambda [ alpha ]gThe soil thermal conductivity coefficient is expressed as W/(m.K); lambda [ alpha ]iThe heat conductivity coefficient of the outer sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); the coefficient of heat conductivity of the inner sleeve of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy is the unit W/(m.K); hEThe depth of the buried pipe is the depth of the geothermal ground at the middle and deep layers in m; r is the pipe diameter of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal ground in unit m; g is the circulation flow of the buried pipe of the intermediate geothermal floor in m3/h；
Step four, with project peak heat supply load as a target, giving heat supply ratio of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe, determining the respective mining quantity of the middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow buried pipe by combining peak heat taking capacity of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe and a single shallow buried pipe, and calculating the process as shown in formulas 3-7;
COPh＝α*COPm+(1-α)*COPsequation 3
Wherein the COPhRepresenting the comprehensive energy efficiency of the heat supply of the coupling system; COPmThe heat supply energy efficiency of the heat pump system for the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal floor is 5.0; COPs are the heat supply energy efficiency of the shallow buried pipe heat pump system, and the value is 3.5; alpha is the using proportion of the buried pipe of the intermediate-deep geothermal ground; qh，maxPeak heat load for the project, unit kW; qe，mIn kW for the need of extracting heat from the buried pipe of geothermal ground in the middle and deep layers; qe,sIn kW unit for extracting heat from the shallow buried pipe; qe,m,maxTaking heat from the peak of a single middle-deep geothermal buried pipe in kW unit; qe,s,maxTaking heat for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofmAnd NsRespectively representing the mining quantity of the medium-deep geothermal buried pipe and the shallow geothermal buried pipe;
step five, calculating the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower needing to be supplemented by taking the project peak cooling load as a target and combining the heat removal capacity of the exploited shallow buried pipe, as shown in a formula 8;
wherein Q isp,ctThe unit kW is the heat removal capacity of the cooling tower; qe,maxThe peak cooling load of the project is in kW; the COPc is the cooling energy efficiency of the system and is taken as 5.0; qp,s,maxThe heat is discharged for the peak of a single shallow buried pipe in kW unit; n is a radical ofsThe number of the shallow buried pipes obtained in the step fiveAn amount;
step six, determining the installed capacity of the heat pump unit according to the larger value of the peak cooling load and the peak heating load of the project;
step seven, respectively selecting installed capacities of a user side water pump, a heat source side water pump and a cooling side water pump according to peak cooling load, peak heat supply load, peak heat extraction demand and peak heat extraction demand; the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the user side is 5K, the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the heat source side is 10K, and the temperature difference design value of the water supply and return on the cooling side is 5K;
step eight, after the system configuration is determined, the initial investment of system construction under the current configuration can be obtained;
step nine, according to the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the middle-deep buried pipe and the operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system of the heat pump of the shallow buried pipe of 3.5, the selected respective ratio is combined, the overall operation energy efficiency of the heat supply system is obtained through weighted average, and the annual operation energy efficiency of the cooling system is 5.0;
step ten, calculating annual accumulated power consumption, operation cost, carbon emission, primary energy consumption and other pollutant emission according to annual accumulated heat supply and annual accumulated cold supply capacity and by combining operation energy efficiency of a heat supply system and a cold supply system; the calculation formula is shown as 9-12;
Cmoneyw β formula 10
CceW δ equation 12
Wherein, W is the annual power consumption of the system and the unit kWh; cmoneyThe unit is Yuan for the annual operating cost; cco2Is CO2Discharge capacity, unit kg; cceThe consumption of standard coal is unit kgce; beta is energy price, unityuan/kWh; gamma power emission factor in kg/kWh; delta is a power conversion standard coal factor, and the unit kgce/kWh;
step eleven, considering the initial investment and the operation cost, and calculating the total cost of the full life cycle of the initial investment and the twenty-year operation cost;
and step twelve, changing the occupation ratio of the buried pipes of the intermediate-deep geothermal energy to the buried pipes of the shallow geothermal energy in the step four, obtaining the total cost of the system in the whole life cycle under different occupation ratios, and determining the optimal occupation ratio according to the lowest total cost so as to determine the optimal system configuration.
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