CN114000918B - Test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of shield tunnel - Google Patents

Test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of shield tunnel Download PDF

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CN114000918B
CN114000918B CN202111239786.9A CN202111239786A CN114000918B CN 114000918 B CN114000918 B CN 114000918B CN 202111239786 A CN202111239786 A CN 202111239786A CN 114000918 B CN114000918 B CN 114000918B
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lining
tunnel lining
tunnel
annular steel
steel frame
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CN114000918A (en
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关振长
黄金峰
周宇轩
吴镇杰
陈盛凯
林毅暄
任璐瑶
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Fuzhou University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B25/00Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B25/04Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of buildings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of a shield tunnel, which comprises a tunnel lining, an annular steel frame, a U-shaped clamp, a shearing actuator and an antifriction roller; prefabricating a shield tunnel lining model in a 3D printing mode, placing the shield tunnel lining model in an annular steel frame, and applying pretightening force to a tunnel lining through a pair of through bolts and a U-shaped clamp so as to effectively simulate radial formation pressure and axial pressure borne by the tunnel lining; torque is applied to the gear torsion shaft, the two steel frames are driven by the racks to perform dislocation, so that mutual dislocation of the two tunnel lining rings is realized, and the shearing (or circular shearing) working condition of a tunnel lining circular seam joint is simulated. The invention has the advantages of ingenious design and convenient use, and can provide basic support for measuring the mechanical property of the lining circular seam joint and researching the longitudinal shearing resistance of the shield tunnel.

Description

Test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of shield tunnel
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of structural mechanical property testing, in particular to a test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of a shield tunnel.
Background
With the rapid development of urban rail transit in China, shield tunnels are widely applied to subway engineering. The shield tunnel is formed by splicing prefabricated duct pieces and duct piece bolts, and a complex structure with a circular seam joint and a longitudinal seam joint is formed; however, the longitudinal mechanical properties of the shield tunnel in the complex stratum are difficult to predict by the 'typical cross section' design method commonly adopted at home and abroad at present. A large number of researches show that the circumferential seam joint has great influence on the longitudinal performance of the shield tunnel; therefore, the method for measuring the mechanical property of the circumferential seam joint is an important basic work in the longitudinal design of the shield tunnel.
The longitudinal shear performance test of the shield tunnel comprises a model test and a prototype test. The former establishes a reduced-scale tunnel model and carries out corresponding loading tests on the basis of a similarity criterion; the latter takes a plurality of (ring) real segments as objects, and carries out corresponding mechanical property tests through a large loading device.
The patent CN112881200A carries out middle-ring circulating shearing loading on a 3-ring shield tunnel model, and researches the shearing resistance and the stress resistance of a ring seam joint and the shearing resistance and the degradation performance of a bolt. The patent CN211825464U carries out vertical multi-point loading on a multi-ring shield tunnel model, considers the slab staggering effect among shield segment rings and researches the mechanical property (shearing resistance) of segment joints. The model test cost is relatively low, but due to the limitation in the aspects of structural coarsening, test devices and the like, the actual situation that the tunnel is buried in a rock-soil body is often avoided, and the actual stress properties (such as stratum pressure, axial pressure and the like) of the shield segment are difficult to truly reflect.
The CN110763572A patent adopts two groups of shear force loading mechanisms to dynamically and alternately load positive and negative shear forces on a test segment joint and research the anti-seismic performance of the shield segment joint; the patent CN108195664B arranges a plurality of groups of jacks inside and outside the segment to assemble a multifunctional (circular seam shearing) test device, can load segments with different thicknesses and inner diameters, can simulate external water and soil pressure, and can research the mechanical effect after the segment joint is fatigued simultaneously. The loading device required by the prototype test is large in size, high in technical difficulty and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing resistance of the shield tunnel, which can truly simulate the radial stratum pressure and the lining axial pressure and apply the working condition of the circulating shear load.
The invention solves the technical problem by adopting a scheme that a test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing resistance of a shield tunnel comprises a tunnel lining, an annular steel frame, a U-shaped clamp, a shearing actuator and an antifriction roller;
the tunnel lining comprises at least two lining rings which are sequentially spliced, and each lining ring is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of duct pieces of different types through duct piece bolts;
the tunnel lining is fixedly arranged in a plurality of annular steel frames, and a lining ring is arranged and accommodated in each annular steel frame;
two adjacent annular steel frames are connected through a shearing actuator, the shearing actuator comprises racks respectively arranged on the two adjacent annular steel frames and a gear arranged between the two racks, the gear is in meshing transmission with the two racks, and a gear torsion shaft is arranged in the middle of the gear;
the U-shaped clamp comprises a U-shaped plate, the U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed pressing plate and a movable pressing plate respectively, the fixed pressing plate is fixedly connected with the U-shaped plate, the movable pressing plate is arranged on an axial force bolt, and the axial force bolt penetrates through the U-shaped plate and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped plate;
the U-shaped clamps are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the tunnel lining, and the fixed pressing plate and the movable pressing plate respectively press and fix two ends of the tunnel lining;
and the antifriction rollers are respectively arranged at the bottom of each annular steel frame in a group.
Furthermore, an annular seam joint is formed between the adjacent lining rings, and a longitudinal seam joint is formed by the splicing end of the adjacent segments in each lining ring.
Furthermore, the duct piece is prefabricated in a 3D printing mode according to the reduced scale proportion.
Furthermore, the annular steel frame comprises four L-shaped steel frames which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the inner sides of the four L-shaped steel frames enclose to form a containing part for containing the lining ring, and the adjacent L-shaped steel frames are connected through the opposite penetrating bolts.
Furthermore, a ribbed plate is welded in the L-shaped steel frame.
Furthermore, the end part of the rack is locked with the annular steel frame through a rack bolt.
A test method for simulating the longitudinal shearing resistance of a shield tunnel comprises the following steps:
step 1: prefabricating various duct pieces by adopting a 3D printing mode according to a reduced scale, splicing the duct pieces through duct piece bolts to form lining rings, and splicing a plurality of lining rings through the duct piece bolts to form a tunnel lining;
step 2: the tunnel lining is fixed through a ring-shaped steel frame matched with the prefabricated lining ring, 4L-shaped steel frames of the ring-shaped steel frame are spliced through the opposite-penetrating bolts, and pretightening force is applied to the ring-shaped steel frame by adjusting tension of the opposite-penetrating bolts, so that radial stratum pressure born by the tunnel lining is effectively simulated;
and step 3: repeating the step 2, and hooping a plurality of lining rings by a plurality of annular steel frames to finish the assembly of the tunnel lining model and the annular steel frames;
and 4, step 4: prefabricating U-shaped clamps which are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the tunnel lining model; longitudinal pre-tightening force is applied to the tunnel lining model through the rotating axial force bolt, so that axial pressure in the tunnel lining is effectively simulated;
and 5: a shearing actuator is arranged between two adjacent annular steel frames, torque is applied to a torsion shaft of the gear, the two annular steel frames are driven by the rack to perform dislocation, mutual dislocation of two tunnel lining rings is further realized, and the shearing working condition of a circular seam joint is simulated; the rotating direction of the gear is changed, and the cyclic shearing working condition of the circular seam joint can be simulated;
step 6: a group of antifriction rollers are arranged at the bottom of each annular steel frame, so that the friction between the annular steel frame and the ground can be reduced in the dislocation process of the annular steel frame, and the test precision is improved;
and 7: adjusting the rotation angle of the gear, simulating different dislocation amplitudes, performing a step-by-step shear loading test on the tunnel lining, and recording stress or deformation data of segments, bolts and annular joints to measure the mechanical property of the annular joint and study the longitudinal shear resistance of the shield tunnel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the design is exquisite and the use is convenient; the loading system can simulate the radial pressure and the axial pressure of the tunnel lining in a real stratum, can simulate the shearing (or circulating shearing) working condition of the tunnel lining circular seam joint, and provides basic support for measuring the mechanical property of the lining circular seam joint and researching the longitudinal shearing resistance of the shield tunnel.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal shear performance testing device of a shield tunnel.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a tunnel lining.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ring steel frame.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an L-shaped steel frame.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a U-clamp.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a shear actuator.
In the figure: 1-tunnel lining; 11-a duct piece; 12-segment bolts; 13-longitudinal seam joints; 14-a circular seam joint; 2-ring steel frame; 21-L-shaped steel frames; 211-reserving bolt holes; 212-a rib plate; 22-through bolt; 3-U-shaped clamps; 31-axial force bolt; 4-a shear actuator; 41-a rack; 42-rack bolt; 43-gear; 44-gear torsion shaft; and 5-antifriction rollers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a test device for simulating longitudinal shear performance of a shield tunnel comprises a tunnel lining 1, an annular steel frame 2, a U-shaped clamp 3, a shear actuator 4 and an antifriction roller 5;
the tunnel lining comprises at least two lining rings which are sequentially spliced, wherein each lining ring is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of duct pieces 11 of different types through duct piece bolts 12;
the tunnel lining is fixedly arranged in a plurality of annular steel frames, and a lining ring is arranged and accommodated in each annular steel frame;
two adjacent annular steel frames are connected through a shearing actuator, the shearing actuator comprises racks 41 respectively mounted on the two adjacent annular steel frames and a gear 43 arranged between the two racks, the gear is in meshing transmission with the two racks, and a gear torsion shaft 44 is arranged in the middle of the gear;
the U-shaped clamp comprises a U-shaped plate, the U-shaped plate is provided with a fixed pressing plate and a movable pressing plate respectively, the fixed pressing plate is fixedly connected with the U-shaped plate, the movable pressing plate is arranged on an axial force bolt 31, and the axial force bolt penetrates through the U-shaped plate and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped plate;
the U-shaped clamps are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the tunnel lining, and the fixed pressing plate and the movable pressing plate respectively press and fix two ends of the tunnel lining;
and the antifriction rollers are respectively arranged at the bottom of each annular steel frame in a group.
In this embodiment, circumferential seam joints 14 are formed between adjacent lining rings, and the splice ends of adjacent segments within each lining ring form longitudinal seam joints 13.
In this embodiment, the duct piece is prefabricated in a 3D printing mode according to the reduced scale.
In this embodiment, the ring-shaped steel frame includes four L-shaped steel frames 21 uniformly distributed on the circumference, the inner sides of the four L-shaped steel frames enclose a receiving portion for receiving the lining ring, and the adjacent L-shaped steel frames are connected by the through bolts 22.
In this embodiment, a bolt hole 211 is reserved in the L-shaped steel frame, and a rib plate 212 is welded in the L-shaped steel frame to enhance the rigidity.
In this embodiment, the rack end is locked to the ring steel frame via a rack bolt 42.
A test method for simulating the longitudinal shearing resistance of a shield tunnel comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the following steps: 8, prefabricating 2 groups of duct pieces by using photosensitive resin as a material and a 3D printer according to a reduced scale, wherein each group comprises 3 standard blocks, 2 adjacent blocks and 1 top sealing block; selecting corresponding material (aluminum material and the like) to simulate segment bolts, assembling each segment into 1 lining ring through the segment bolts, assembling 2 lining rings into a tunnel lining model through the segment bolts, and forming a circular seam joint and a longitudinal seam joint between the segments in the assembling process
Step 2: customizing 2 annular steel frames matched with the prefabricated lining rings, splicing 4L-shaped steel frames of the annular steel frames through 8 through bolts, placing the tunnel lining in the annular steel frames, and adjusting the tension of the through bolts to apply pre-tightening force to the annular steel frames according to the actual formation pressure so as to effectively simulate the radial formation pressure born by the tunnel lining;
and 3, step 3: customizing 8 groups of U-shaped clamps which are matched with the tunnel lining model and uniformly arranging the U-shaped clamps along the circumference of the tunnel lining model; longitudinal pre-tightening force is applied to the tunnel lining model through the rotating axial force bolt, so that axial pressure in the tunnel lining is effectively simulated;
and 4, step 4: a shearing actuator is arranged between two adjacent annular steel frames, torque is applied to a torsion shaft of the gear, the two steel frames are driven by the rack to perform dislocation, and then the mutual dislocation of two tunnel lining rings is realized, and the shearing working condition of a circular seam joint is simulated; by changing the rotation direction of the gear, the circular shearing working condition of the circular seam joint can be simulated;
and 5: before the test, a plurality of antifriction rollers are placed at the bottom of each annular steel frame, so that the friction between the annular steel frame and the ground can be reduced in the process of staggering the annular steel frames, and the test precision is improved;
step 6: adjusting the rotation angle of the gear, simulating different dislocation amplitudes, performing a step-by-step shear loading test on the tunnel lining, and recording stress or deformation data of segments, bolts and circumferential seams to determine the mechanical property of the circumferential seam joint, study the longitudinal shear resistance of the shield tunnel, and further calculate relevant parameters such as the shear modulus of the circumferential seam joint.
If this patent discloses or refers to parts or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected may be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example using a bolt or screw connection) can also be understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the patent, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments, further illustrating the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, should be understood that the above-mentioned are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a test device of vertical shear behavior of simulation shield tunnel which characterized in that: the device comprises a tunnel lining, an annular steel frame, a U-shaped clamp, a shearing actuator and an antifriction roller;
the tunnel lining comprises at least two lining rings which are sequentially spliced, and each lining ring is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of duct pieces of different types through duct piece bolts;
the tunnel lining is fixedly placed in a plurality of annular steel frames, and a lining ring is placed and accommodated in each annular steel frame;
two adjacent annular steel frames are connected through a shearing actuator, the shearing actuator comprises racks respectively arranged on the two adjacent annular steel frames and a gear arranged between the two racks, the gear is in meshing transmission with the two racks, and a gear torsion shaft is arranged in the middle of the gear;
the U-shaped clamp comprises a U-shaped plate, the U-shaped plate is respectively provided with a fixed pressing plate and a movable pressing plate, the fixed pressing plate is fixedly connected with the U-shaped plate, the movable pressing plate is arranged on an axial force bolt, and the axial force bolt penetrates through the U-shaped plate and is in threaded fit with the U-shaped plate;
a plurality of U-shaped clamps are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the tunnel lining, and the fixed pressing plate and the movable pressing plate respectively press and fix two ends of the tunnel lining;
and the antifriction rollers are respectively arranged at the bottom of each annular steel frame in a group.
2. The test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: and an annular seam joint is formed between the adjacent lining rings, and a longitudinal seam joint is formed at the splicing end of the adjacent segments in each lining ring.
3. The test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the duct piece is prefabricated in a 3D printing mode according to the reduced scale proportion.
4. The test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the annular steel frame comprises four L-shaped steel frames which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the inner sides of the four L-shaped steel frames enclose a containing part for containing the lining ring, and the adjacent L-shaped steel frames are connected through the opposite penetrating bolts.
5. The test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: and rib plates are welded in the L-shaped steel frame.
6. The test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the rack is locked with the annular steel frame through a rack bolt.
7. A test method for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of a shield tunnel by adopting the test device for simulating the longitudinal shearing performance of the shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: prefabricating various duct pieces by adopting a 3D printing mode according to a reduced scale, splicing the duct pieces through duct piece bolts to form lining rings, and splicing a plurality of lining rings through the duct piece bolts to form a tunnel lining;
step 2: the tunnel lining is fixed through a ring-shaped steel frame matched with the prefabricated lining ring, 4L-shaped steel frames of the ring-shaped steel frame are spliced through the opposite-penetrating bolts, and pretightening force is applied to the ring-shaped steel frame by adjusting tension of the opposite-penetrating bolts, so that radial stratum pressure born by the tunnel lining is effectively simulated;
and step 3: repeating the step 2, and hooping a plurality of lining rings by a plurality of annular steel frames to finish the assembly of the tunnel lining model and the annular steel frames;
and 4, step 4: prefabricating U-shaped clamps which are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the tunnel lining model; longitudinal pre-tightening force is applied to the tunnel lining model through the rotating axial force bolt, so that axial pressure in the tunnel lining is effectively simulated;
and 5: a shearing actuator is arranged between two adjacent annular steel frames, torque is applied to a torsion shaft of the gear, the two annular steel frames are driven by the rack to perform dislocation, mutual dislocation of two tunnel lining rings is further realized, and the shearing working condition of a circular seam joint is simulated; the rotating direction of the gear is changed, and the cyclic shearing working condition of the circular seam joint can be simulated;
step 6: a group of antifriction rollers are arranged at the bottom of each annular steel frame, so that the friction between the annular steel frame and the ground can be reduced in the process of staggering the annular steel frames, and the test precision is improved;
and 7: adjusting the rotation angle of the gear, simulating different dislocation amplitudes, performing a step-by-step shear loading test on the tunnel lining, and recording stress or deformation data of segments, bolts and annular joints to measure the mechanical property of the annular joint and study the longitudinal shear resistance of the shield tunnel.
CN202111239786.9A 2021-10-25 2021-10-25 Test device for simulating longitudinal shearing resistance of shield tunnel Active CN114000918B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114577612B (en) * 2022-03-30 2024-07-05 福州大学 Test device and test method for simulating mechanical properties of circumferential seams of shield tunnels

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009236802A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-15 Railway Technical Res Inst Three-dimensional tunnel loading simulation device
CN102004054A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 同济大学 Three-way loading mechanical property test system of multifunctional lining segment joint
CN109459311A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-12 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of experimental provision for simulating pipe ring stress deformation in tunnel under different stress conditions
CN109655346A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-04-19 无锡地铁集团有限公司 A kind of tunnel duct piece longitudinal force simulation bringing device and its method
CN111189712A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-22 中铁十五局集团有限公司 Shield tunnel seam stress prototype test system
CN211825464U (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-10-30 中铁十五局集团有限公司 Shield tunnel segment circular seam staggering multifunctional test device
CN112881200A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 浙江工业大学 Loading device and method for shear stiffness test of longitudinal joint of pipe piece

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009236802A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-15 Railway Technical Res Inst Three-dimensional tunnel loading simulation device
CN102004054A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 同济大学 Three-way loading mechanical property test system of multifunctional lining segment joint
CN109655346A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-04-19 无锡地铁集团有限公司 A kind of tunnel duct piece longitudinal force simulation bringing device and its method
CN109459311A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-12 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of experimental provision for simulating pipe ring stress deformation in tunnel under different stress conditions
CN111189712A (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-22 中铁十五局集团有限公司 Shield tunnel seam stress prototype test system
CN211825464U (en) * 2020-01-21 2020-10-30 中铁十五局集团有限公司 Shield tunnel segment circular seam staggering multifunctional test device
CN112881200A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 浙江工业大学 Loading device and method for shear stiffness test of longitudinal joint of pipe piece

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