CN114000876A - Cutting pick, composite machining method thereof and mining machine - Google Patents
Cutting pick, composite machining method thereof and mining machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114000876A CN114000876A CN202111167913.9A CN202111167913A CN114000876A CN 114000876 A CN114000876 A CN 114000876A CN 202111167913 A CN202111167913 A CN 202111167913A CN 114000876 A CN114000876 A CN 114000876A
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- pick
- head
- cutting
- tooth
- wear
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1835—Chemical composition or specific material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1831—Fixing methods or devices
Abstract
The invention provides a cutting pick, a composite processing method thereof and mining machinery, wherein the composite processing method of the cutting pick comprises the following steps: embedding a pick head into a pick body, so that the pick head is mechanically locked and connected with the pick body to assemble a pick body, and coating a brazing material at the joint of the pick head and the pick body; and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the cutting pick body by using a laser cladding method, and brazing and connecting the pick head and the pick body by using heat generated by the laser cladding method. The invention utilizes the heat generated by cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the cutting tooth by the laser cladding method to realize the brazing connection of the pick head and the pick body, thereby avoiding the embrittlement of the pick head and the pick body caused by heating the cutting tooth twice, ensuring the mechanical strength of the pick head and the pick body, prolonging the service life of the cutting tooth, simplifying the processing technology, improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a cutting tooth, a composite processing method of the cutting tooth and the mining machinery.
Background
The coal mining heading machine is a coal mining machine commonly used in a coal mining collecting process, and the coal mining cutting teeth are parts on the coal mining heading machine and are main tools for coal dropping and breaking. Among different types of coal mining cutting picks, the pick-type cutting pick has a simple structure, and a cutting pick body and a cutting head are both of circular structures, have the same resistance to stress in different directions, and are the most common cutting pick structure at present.
The pick-type cutting pick is generally divided into a pick head and a pick body, the pick head and the pick body are made of different materials, the pick head and the pick body are required to be connected through brazing in the cutting pick machining process, and a coating is sprayed. In the existing design, the process conditions limit, no mechanical self-locking exists between the pick head and the pick body, and the connection and cladding process flow of the pickaxe-shaped cutting pick is generally as follows: brazing, cooling, heating and quenching, tempering, cladding and finishing. However, the pick head and the pick body are heated twice in the processes of brazing and heating quenching, so that the pick head and the pick body are easy to embrittle, the phenomenon that the pick head is cracked or the pick head is cracked from a brazing welding part is easy to generate in the using process of the coal cutting pick, and the service life of the pick is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that the pick head and the pick body of the cutting pick in the prior art are heated twice, the pick head and the pick body are easy to embrittle, the self-locking-free pick head is easy to fall off, and the service life of the cutting pick is short.
In order to solve at least one aspect of the above problems, the present invention provides a cutting pick composite machining method, including the steps of:
embedding a pick head into a pick body, mechanically locking and connecting the pick head and the pick body to assemble a pick body, coating brazing material on the joint of the pick head and the pick body,
and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the cutting pick body by using a laser cladding method, and brazing and connecting the pick head and the pick body by using heat generated by the laser cladding method.
Preferably, before the assembly of the tooth head and the tooth body, the tooth head further comprises: carrying out modulation heat treatment on the tooth body, wherein the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature.
Preferably, the material of the tooth head is tungsten carbide-based hard alloy, and the material of the tooth body is 35CrMo alloy structural steel.
Preferably, the fullness of the brazing material is 95% or more.
Preferably, the wear-resistant cladding layer is an iron-based amorphous alloy.
Preferably, the thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the laser cladding method comprises the following process parameters: the laser power is 500-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min.
The invention reduces the requirement on the brazing connection by the mutual matching of the mechanical locking and the brazing connection between the pick head and the pick body, can realize the brazing connection between the pick head and the pick body by utilizing the heat generated by cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the pick by the laser cladding method, avoids the embrittlement of the pick head and the pick body caused by twice heating of the pick, ensures the mechanical strength of the pick head and the pick body, prolongs the service life of the pick, simplifies the processing technology by combining the laser cladding and the brazing, improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.
The invention also aims to provide a cutting pick which is manufactured by adopting the cutting pick composite processing method, and the cutting pick comprises a pick head, a pick body, a wear-resistant cladding layer and a brazing layer, wherein a cavity suitable for accommodating the pick head is formed in the pick body, the pick head is suitable for being clamped into the cavity and forms a mechanical locking structure with the pick body, the wear-resistant cladding layer is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head and the pick body, and the brazing layer is positioned at the connecting part between the pick head and the pick body.
Preferably, the part of the tooth head suitable for being embedded into the cavity is provided with a conical shape or an inverted T shape, and the cavity is provided with a conical shape or an inverted T shape matched with the shape of the tooth head.
The cutting pick is manufactured by adopting the composite processing method, the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body are matched with each other to form mechanical locking and brazing layer connection, and then the wear-resistant cladding layer is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head and the pick body, so that the pick head and the pick body are good in connection stability, the mechanical strength of the cutting pick is high, the wear resistance is good, and the service life of the cutting pick is prolonged.
Another object of the invention is to provide a mining machine that includes the cutting pick described above.
By applying the cutting pick to mining machinery, the coal mining efficiency can be improved, the service life can be prolonged, and the maintenance time and the cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cutting pick combined machining process in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cutting pick configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the conical tooth head and the upper and lower tooth bodies according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combination of the inverted T-shaped tooth head and the upper and lower tooth bodies in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the combination of the conical tooth head and the left and right tooth bodies in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the combination of the inverted T-shaped tooth head and the left and right tooth bodies according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a pick body; 2-a tooth head; 3-a tooth body; 31-a first tooth body; 32-a second tooth body; 4-wear-resistant cladding layer; 5-brazing layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cutting pick composite processing method, which comprises the following steps of:
step S1, embedding the pick head 2 into the pick body 3, mechanically locking and connecting the pick head 2 and the pick body 3 to assemble the pick body 1, smearing brazing material at the joint of the pick head 2 and the pick body 3,
and S2, cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 on the surface of the cutting pick body 1 by using a laser cladding method, and brazing and connecting the pick head 2 and the pick body 3 by using heat generated by the laser cladding method.
The tooth head 2 is a main tool for coal falling and breaking in the coal mining process, the tooth body 3 supports and fixes the tooth head 2, and the tooth head 2 and the tooth body 3 are made of different materials according to different functions. The material of the tooth head 2 is tungsten carbide-based hard alloy, and the material of the tooth body 3 is 35CrMo alloy structural steel. The tungsten carbide hard alloy has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, certain impact toughness and high strength, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the tooth head 2 can be improved by using the tungsten carbide hard alloy to manufacture the tooth head 2, so that the service life of the tooth head 2 is prolonged. The 35CrMo structural alloy steel has high static strength, impact toughness, high fatigue limit and low cost.
Before the tooth head 2 and the tooth body 3 are assembled, the method further comprises the following steps: carrying out modulation heat treatment on the tooth body 3, wherein the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature. The material and performance of the alloy can be adjusted to a great extent by the modulation heat treatment, and the strength and toughness of the tooth body 3 can be improved, so that the service life of the tooth body 3 is prolonged.
The tooth head 2 is embedded into the tooth body 3, the tooth head 2 is mechanically locked and connected with the tooth body 3, and brazing materials are coated at the connecting part of the tooth head 2 and the tooth body 3, wherein the fullness degree of the brazing materials is more than or equal to 95%. By setting the filling degree of the brazing material to be more than 95%, no air hole exists in the welding part, the combination between the tooth head 2 and the tooth body 3 is firmer, and the welding strength is improved.
The wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is iron-based amorphous alloy. The wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is formed by cladding the iron-based amorphous alloy powder onto the surface of the cutting pick body 1 in a laser cladding mode, the iron-based amorphous alloy has a long-range disordered and short-range ordered atomic structure, and is higher in strength, hardness and wear resistance, and the cost of the iron-based amorphous alloy is lower.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding method are as follows: the laser power is 300-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min. The laser power is 300-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5g/min, so that the temperature of a laser cladding area can reach more than 2000 ℃, and exceeds the temperature required by the melting of a brazing material, and the tooth head 2 and the tooth body 3 can be brazed and linked while laser cladding is performed. Under the condition, the cladding material is better combined with the pick head 2 and the pick body 3, the hardness of the wear-resistant cladding layer reaches more than 65HRC, wherein HRC is a Rockwell hardness unit, and the wear resistance of the pick body 1 can be enhanced and the service life of the pick body can be prolonged due to the improvement of the hardness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4.
The thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is 1-3 mm. The thicker the cladding layer is, the stronger the wear resistance is, but the cost is increased, and the wear resistance and the cost are considered comprehensively, and the performance-price ratio is higher when the thickness of the coating layer is 1-3 mm.
The cutting pick comprises a pick head 2, a pick body 3, a wear-resistant cladding layer 4 and a brazing layer 5, wherein a cavity suitable for accommodating the pick head 2 is formed in the pick body 3, the pick head 2 is suitable for being clamped into the cavity and forms a mechanical locking structure with the pick body 3, the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head 2 and the pick body 3, and the brazing layer 5 is located at the connecting position between the pick head 2 and the pick body 3.
Through mutually supporting formation mechanical locking and brazing layer 5 connection between 2 tooth bodies 3 of pick head, then melt and cover wear-resisting cladding layer 4 at pick head 2 and 3 surface cladding of tooth body, it is good to connect the steadiness between 2 tooth heads and the tooth body 3, and the mechanical strength of pick is higher, and wear resistance is good, prolongs the life of pick.
The part of the tooth head 2 adapted to fit into the cavity is provided with a taper or an inverted T-shape, and the cavity is provided with a taper or an inverted T-shape matching the shape of the tooth head 2.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the tooth body 3 includes a first tooth body 31 and a second tooth body 32, the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32 are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the vertical cross section of the tooth head 2 is tapered or inverted T-shaped, a cavity having a tapered or inverted T-shaped vertical cross section corresponding to the tooth head 2 is formed in the first tooth body 31, the tooth head 2 is inserted into the cavity of the first tooth body 31, and then the tooth head 2 and the first tooth body 31 are press-fitted onto the second tooth body 32 together, so that a mechanical locking structure is formed among the tooth head 2, the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the tooth body 3 includes a first tooth body 31 and a second tooth body 32, the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32 are oppositely arranged left and right, the vertical section of the tooth head 2 is conical or inverted T-shaped, the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32 are matched to form a cavity corresponding to the tooth head 2 and having a conical or inverted T-shaped vertical section, and the tooth head 2, the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32 are assembled to make the tooth head 2 located in the cavity formed by the first tooth body 31 and the second tooth body 32, so as to form a mechanical locking structure.
Another embodiment of the invention is to provide a mining machine including the cutting pick.
By applying the cutting pick to mining machinery, the coal mining efficiency can be improved, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance time and the cost are reduced.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A cutting pick composite processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
embedding a pick head (2) into a pick body (3), connecting the pick head (2) and the pick body (3) in a mechanical locking manner to assemble a pick body (1), and coating brazing materials at the joint of the pick head (2) and the pick body (3);
and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer (4) on the surface of the cutting pick body (1) by using a laser cladding method, and brazing and connecting the pick head (2) and the pick body (3) by using heat generated by the laser cladding method.
2. A cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising, before the assembly of the pick head (2) and the pick body (3): carrying out modulation heat treatment on the tooth body (3), wherein the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature.
3. A cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the pick head (2) is tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide, and the material of the pick body (3) is 35CrMo alloy structural steel.
4. A cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, wherein the filling degree of the brazing material is not less than 95%.
5. A cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wear-resistant cladding layer (4) is an iron-based amorphous alloy.
6. A cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the wear resistant cladding layer (4) is 1-3 mm.
7. The cutting pick composite machining method according to claim 1, wherein the laser cladding method comprises the following process parameters: the laser power is 500-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min.
8. A cutting pick manufactured by a composite cutting pick machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a pick head (2), a pick body (3), a wear-resistant cladding layer (4) and a brazing layer (5), wherein a cavity adapted to receive the pick head (2) is formed in the pick body (3), the pick head (2) is adapted to be clamped in the cavity and form a mechanical locking structure with the pick body (3), the wear-resistant cladding layer (4) is clad on the surfaces of the pick head (2) and the pick body (3), and the brazing layer (5) is located at a joint between the pick head (2) and the pick body (3).
9. A cutting pick according to claim 8, wherein the portion of the pick head (2) adapted to fit into the cavity is provided in a conical or inverted T shape, the cavity being provided in a conical or inverted T shape matching the shape of the pick head (2).
10. A mining machine including a cutting pick according to any one of claims 8 or 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111167913.9A CN114000876A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Cutting pick, composite machining method thereof and mining machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111167913.9A CN114000876A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Cutting pick, composite machining method thereof and mining machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114000876A true CN114000876A (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111167913.9A Pending CN114000876A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Cutting pick, composite machining method thereof and mining machine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114000876A (en) |
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| CN103912273A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-09 | 刘素华 | Jack anti-rotating easily-detachable reciprocating impact head of digger |
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| CN105710478A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 柳州市安龙机械设备有限公司 | Manufacturing method of hard alloy cutting pick |
| CN110242299A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-17 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of development machine pick |
| CN209942813U (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-01-14 | 南京科莱汀激光科技有限公司 | Wear-resistant alloy cutting pick |
| CN111425203A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-17 | 山东科技大学 | Pick-shaped cutting tooth with plasma cladding composite tungsten carbide tip and processing method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202111167913.9A patent/CN114000876A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050170924A1 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-04 | Dbt Gmbh | Sprocket wheel for underground mining |
| CN102839976A (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2012-12-26 | 爱斯科公司 | Wear resistant cap and wear resistant cap and base assembly |
| CN102069355A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Production method for pick-like bit |
| CN103912273A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-09 | 刘素华 | Jack anti-rotating easily-detachable reciprocating impact head of digger |
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