CN114000010A - High-quality titanium alloy ingot and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-quality titanium alloy ingot and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000365 skull melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality titanium alloy ingot and a production method thereof. And taking the average value for standby. The method can only carry out quenching and tempering on a main alloy element component from low to high or from high to low or from a low component to a high component. The method can remove impurities in the original reclaimed materials, play a role in purification, realize the quality adjustment of the titanium alloy, realize the control of the ingot shape of the titanium alloy ingot casting, conveniently produce large-size flat ingots/round ingots suitable for production, increase the utilization rate of the reclaimed materials and the flow direction of the alloy, and improve the circulation rate/utilization rate of the alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy smelting engineering, and particularly relates to a high-quality titanium alloy ingot and a production method thereof.
Background
The titanium industry in China has been developed at a high speed for more than ten years, the capacity is seriously surplus, the general main flow products of titanium materials are more than the demand, such as TC4 and other alloys, the quantity of titanium chips, the head and the tail of an ingot and strips formed by processing the main flow products is very large, and the titanium chips, the head and the tail of the ingot and the strips are easy to be polluted in the processing process and cannot be recycled. The traditional method for welding the electrode is applied to the titanium material, the requirements on the size of the titanium material and the purity of the raw material are high, the utilization rate of the titanium material is limited, the comprehensive yield of the raw material is low, the production cost of the titanium material is high, and the application of the titanium material is limited.
The traditional vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace (hereinafter referred to as VAR furnace) is simple in process, but needs to be cast for multiple times, is low in yield and high in production cost, has the process problem that high-density inclusion (HDI) and low-density inclusion (LDI) are difficult to remove, and leaves serious potential safety hazard for the use of subsequent materials.
The mainstream titanium alloy produced in China is easy to produce pollution in machining, the quantity of polluted titanium chips, the quantity of the polluted ingot heads and the polluted ingot tails and the quantity of the polluted laths are very large, and the polluted titanium chips, the polluted ingot heads and the polluted ingot tails and the polluted laths are easy to pollute in the machining process and cannot be recycled. Meanwhile, because the amount of the mainstream titanium alloy is very large, other alloy production generally needs a customized mode, the production period is longer, particularly the material preparation time accounts for more than 40% of the ingot production period, and in order to shorten the production period, the existing mainstream polluted materials such as titanium chips, ingot heads and tails, plates and the like are added into a crucible of a skull furnace to realize one-time smelting by calculating the actually required material components and considering the content of elements easy to burn and damage.
The vacuum consumable electrode skull furnace (VCF furnace for short) has the advantages of maintaining the protection of positive pressure inert gas, preventing low-melting-point alloy from volatilizing easily, refining and purifying functions, having low requirements on material cleanliness, effectively removing HDI and LDI contained in titanium alloy, and obtaining cleaner products.
How to obtain a higher-quality titanium alloy ingot based on a VCF furnace is worthy of study.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-quality titanium alloy ingot and a production method thereof, through a specific raw material formula and by utilizing the characteristics of a VCF furnace crucible, HDI and LDI contained in the titanium alloy can be effectively removed, the component fluctuation of volatile alloy elements of the titanium alloy can be stably controlled, the comprehensive utilization of titanium residual materials can be realized, the tempering of different alloys can be realized, the utilization rate of the residual materials is increased, the utilization market application environment of the residual materials is widened, the size of an ingot blank of the ingot is selected according to the requirement of subsequent processing, the requirements on the size of the tempered materials and the blank opening process of a finished product are reduced, and a large-size ingot which can be directly produced in an industrialized mode can be prepared according to the requirement of the market. And the ingot shape of the ingot is adjusted by realizing the second smelting through the electron beam cold bed furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a production method of a high-quality titanium alloy ingot comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the information of the market demand brand and the weight, and according to the national standard, determining the range of brand components and taking the average value as a reference value;
(2) sampling the titanium/titanium alloy with the weight to be quenched and tempered, analyzing the components, taking an average value of the analyzed components, comparing the average value with a reference value, adding the burning loss of the elements in the smelting process, and calculating the using amount of the elements to be added;
(3) weighing the amount of elements to be added, putting the elements and titanium/titanium alloy materials to be quenched and tempered into a crucible of a skull furnace according to a fixed proportion, selecting titanium/titanium alloy materials with the specification of phi 104-320 mm and the length of 500-900 mm, welding the titanium/titanium alloy materials with an electrode bar together, and standing right above the crucible;
(4) covering a furnace cover of the skull furnace, vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace body;
(5) after pressurizing is finished, loading voltage of 30-32V, moving the electrode rod downwards, gradually increasing the current when the electrode rod is in contact with furnace burden in a crucible of a skull furnace and generates current, keeping the current constant by moving the electrode downwards when the current is loaded to 10000A, and continuously keeping the current for a period of time after materials in the crucible are completely melted so that the materials in the crucible are fully melted and impurities with high density in the crucible sink for a sufficient time;
(6) after impurities in the crucible are fully settled, molten titanium liquid in the crucible is cast to the bottom sealing outer wall to form water-cooled round copper crystals, and after the titanium liquid in the crystallizer is fully cooled, a primary titanium ingot for tempering titanium/titanium alloy can be obtained;
(7) placing the smelted quenched and tempered primary cast ingot as a raw material into a feeding bin of a cold cathode 7-gun electron beam cold bed furnace, and sequentially placing;
(8) selecting a crystallizer according to market demands, and installing the crystallizer; vacuumizing the electron beam cold bed furnace, and starting an electron gun to carry out primary smelting when the vacuum degree reaches 0.3Pa, so that the regulation and control of the ingot shape can be realized.
Further, in the step (1), the average value of the range of the national standard grade component is taken as the sum of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the titanium alloy component of the alloy grade specified by the national standard, and the obtained value is taken as the reference value.
Further, in the step (2), sampling is performed on the titanium/titanium alloy to be quenched and tempered, and the sampling method comprises the following steps:
sampling the materials with the weight of more than 10kg and regular shape from the head, the middle and the tail; sampling samples with irregular shapes by adopting a suspension method and adopting an upper method, a middle method and a lower method; for a single piece with weight less than 10kg, 3 component samples are extracted according to the category of the complex-shaped samples for testing.
Further, in the step (3), the amount of elements to be added is weighed, the added elements are simple substance elements or intermediate alloy elements, and the added weight is the added amount C which is the sum of the difference value between the current crucible material component A and the alloy component B to be produced and the melting volatilization value sigma, namely the added amount: c = B-a + σ.
Further, in the step (7), the sequential placement is adopted: the head and the tail of the ingot cast by the skull furnace are arranged in the head and the tail of a left bunker and a right bunker in the electron beam cooling bed furnace and are kept consistent.
Further, in the step (8), a crystallizer is selected according to market requirements, and the crystallizer is selected to be 210-230 mm in thickness, 1050-1550 mm in width and 1000-11000 mm in length; or selecting a crystallizer with the specification of phi 210-620 mm multiplied by 100-11000 mm long.
The invention also relates to a high-quality titanium alloy ingot obtained by the method.
In the invention, the steps (2), (3), (5) and (7) are key steps, the step (2) is to confirm the addition amount of elements, the step (3) is to weigh and discharge materials, the step (5) is to remove impurities of the quenched and tempered materials, and the step (7) is a key link for adjusting the shape of the ingot and homogenizing the components of the secondary ingot.
In the step (2), the component analysis samples are not less than 3 groups.
And (4) covering the furnace cover of the skull melting furnace, vacuumizing to 3Pa, stopping vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace body at the pressure of 0.2 MPa.
In the step (5), the electrode is moved downwards to keep the current constant, and the current is continuously kept for 10min after the materials in the crucible are completely melted, so that the materials in the crucible are fully melted, and impurities with high density in the crucible sink for a sufficient time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method is convenient to operate, can realize the quenching and tempering control of the components of the titanium alloy ingot, can realize the production of a plurality of alloy grades through quenching and tempering, and realizes the recycling of contaminated materials such as scraps, side wires, ingot heads and the like generated in the mainstream titanium alloy production process. The pollutants are removed through the capturing capacity of the skull furnace, and a casting blank meeting the follow-up processing can be cast according to the actual requirement through the electron beam cooling bed furnace, so that the product has good market competitiveness.
In the method, the components of the cast ingot can be tempered; the components of the cast ingot are uniform and controllable; casting defects such as HDI (high Density interconnection) and LDI (laser direct injection) are avoided in the cast ingot; the ingot can be made of irregular materials; the ingot shape of the ingot can be selected according to the requirements of subsequent processing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available by purchase.
All percentages are expressed as mass fractions unless otherwise indicated. The proportion is mass proportion, and the concentration is mass concentration.
In this embodiment, the high quality is realized by removing the high-density impurities and the low-density impurities, and the high-density impurities and the low-density impurities are small probability events, so that effective data can be obtained by artificially adding the related impurities. The probability of generality is difficult to find in ingots by routine assay or slicing. When discovered, has resulted in significant quality accidents or defects. In theory, the melting cost by a cold hearth furnace is high, and by cold hearth melting, high quality can be defined.
Example 1
The production method of the high-quality titanium alloy ingot of the embodiment is carried out as follows:
taking titanium alloy cast blanks with the mark of single weight more than 10kg and the shape regulation TC4(Ti-6Al-4V) round ingot and TA18 (Ti-3 Al-2.5V) as examples, as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
The alloy which needs to be produced is 1000kg of TA18 (Ti-3 Al-2.5V) and 300kg of the prior TC4(Ti-6Al-4V) round ingot which needs to be tempered, the head, the middle and the tail of the round ingot which needs to be tempered are sampled, Al and V elements are tested and averaged, the average value of the Al elements is 5.61, and the average value of the V elements is 4.09.
The alloy TA 8(Ti-3 Al-2.5V) to be produced was averaged according to the national standard range, with the average value of Al element being 2.75 and the average value of V element being 2.25.
The weight to be produced was 1000 kg. The weight of the Al element to be compensated is (1000X 2.75-300X 5.61)/100 =10.67kg, the Al element has 3% burning loss, the weight of the Al element to be compensated is 10.67X 100/(100-3) =10.7kg, and the weight of the V element to be compensated is (1000X 2.25-300X 4.09)/100 =10.23 kg. No burning loss. The weight of the residual Ti element is 1000-300.67-10.23 =679.1 kg.
Weighing Al, V and Ti elements to be added, putting a TC4 alloy ingot to be quenched and tempered into a crucible of a skull furnace, and welding a TC4 bar with the specification of phi 104mm and the length of 500mm with an electrode bar capable of stretching up and down on the skull furnace together to stand right above the crucible. And covering the furnace cover of the skull furnace, pumping air to 3Pa, stopping pumping air, and filling argon into the furnace body at the pressure of 0.2 MPa.
After the pressurization is finished, an upper voltage of 32V is loaded, the electrode rod is moved downwards, when the electrode rod is contacted with the furnace charge in the crucible of the skull furnace and generates current, the current is gradually increased, and when the current is loaded to 10000A. Keeping the current constant by moving the electrode downwards, continuously keeping the current for 10min after the materials in the crucible are completely melted, fully melting the materials in the crucible, allowing the impurities with high density in the crucible to sink for a sufficient time, and after the impurities in the crucible are fully settled, casting the molten titanium in the crucible to a bottom sealing outer wall through a casting mechanism to form water-cooled circular copper crystals, and after the titanium in the crystallizer is fully cooled, replacing the quality of the original TC4 into a low-cost high-quality TA18 alloy quenched and tempered primary titanium ingot. And sequentially placing the TA18 quenched and tempered primary titanium ingot smelted by the skull furnace into a left bin and a right bin of an electron beam cold bed furnace, selecting a crystallizer with the thickness of 230mm multiplied by the width of 1550mm, installing the crystallizer, vacuumizing the electron beam cold bed furnace, starting an electron gun to smelt for the first time when the vacuum degree reaches 0.3Pa, and stopping smelting when the smelting length reaches 800mm, thus obtaining the quenched and tempered large-size flat ingot with the specification of 230mm multiplied by the width of 1550mm multiplied by the length of 800 mm.
Example 2
The production method of the high-quality titanium alloy ingot of the embodiment is carried out as follows:
taking the titanium alloy casting blank with the brand number of TA28(Ti-3Al) scraps and TB6 (Ti-10V-2 Fe-3 Al) scraps with irregular shapes as an example, the weight of a single piece is less than 10kg, as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
The alloy required to be produced is TB6 (Ti-10V-2 Fe-3 Al) 1000kg, the existing TA28(Ti-3Al) scrap material required to be tempered is 1000kg, samples are extracted from the scrap material required to be tempered, the sampled parts are the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the scrap material, Al element is tested, the average value is taken, and the average value of the Al element is 2.57.
The average value of alloy TB6 to be produced is calculated according to the national standard range, the average value of V element is 10.0, the average value of Al element is 3.0, and the average value of Fe element is 1.9. The weight of the element to be produced is 1000kg, the weight of the element V to be compensated is (1000 multiplied by 10.0)/100 =100kg, and the element V is free from burning loss. The Fe element to be compensated has the weight of (1000 multiplied by 1.9)/100 =19.0kg, and no burning loss. TA28 may be added in an amount of 1000 x (100-10-19-3)/100 =851 kg.
When the weight of the Al element to be compensated is (1000X 3.0-851X 2.57)/100 =8.13kg and the Al element has 3% burning loss, the weight of the Al element to be compensated is 8.13X 100/(100-3) =8.38kg, and 21.62kg of titanium sponge needs to be added. Weighing V, Fe, Al and Ti elements to be added, putting TA28 alloy scraps to be tempered into a crucible of a skull furnace, pressing the TA28 scrap into a TA28 scrap column with the specification of phi 104mm and the length of 500mm by a briquetting machine, welding the TA28 scrap column with the specification of phi 104mm and the length of 500mm with an electrode bar capable of stretching up and down on the skull furnace, and standing right above the crucible.
And covering the furnace cover of the skull furnace, pumping air to 3Pa, stopping pumping air, and filling argon into the furnace body at the pressure of 0.2 MPa. After the pressurization is finished, an upper voltage of 32V is loaded, the electrode rod is moved downwards, when the electrode rod is contacted with the furnace charge in the crucible of the skull furnace and generates current, the current is gradually increased, and when the current is loaded to 10000A. Keeping the current constant by moving the electrode downwards, continuously keeping the current for 10min after the materials in the crucible are completely melted, fully melting the materials in the crucible, fully sinking the impurities with high density in the crucible for a sufficient time, fully settling the impurities in the crucible, casting the molten titanium in the crucible into a circular copper crystal with water cooling on the outer wall of the bottom sealing part through a casting mechanism, and fully cooling the titanium in the crystallizer to change the quality of the original TA28 into a low-cost high-quality TB6 alloy quenched and tempered primary titanium ingot.
And sequentially placing TB6 alloy quenched and tempered primary titanium ingots which are smelted by a skull furnace into a left bin and a right bin of an electron beam cold hearth furnace, selecting a crystallizer with the diameter phi of 620mm, installing the crystallizer, vacuumizing the electron beam cold hearth furnace, starting an electron gun to smelt for the first time when the vacuum degree reaches 0.3Pa, and stopping smelting when the smelting length reaches 5000mm to obtain the quenched and tempered large-size round ingots with the specification of phi 620 multiplied by 1200 mm.
Example 3
The production method of the high-quality titanium alloy ingot of the embodiment is carried out as follows:
taking a titanium alloy ingot with a mark of single weight more than 10kg and a shape regulation TC4(Ti-6Al-4V) round ingot and TA6(Ti-5Al) as an example, as shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
The alloy required to be produced is TC4(Ti-6Al-4V) 10000kg, the existing TA6(Ti-5Al) round ingot required to be tempered is 9000kg, the head, the middle and the tail of the round ingot required to be tempered are sampled, Al and V elements are tested, the average value is taken, the average value of the Al elements is 5.01, and all the V elements are added through the outside.
The alloy TC4(Ti-6 Al-4.0V) to be produced is averaged according to the national standard range, the average value of Al element is 6.2, and the average value of V element is 4.0.
TC4 was produced weighing 1000 kg. The weight of Al element to be compensated is (10000 × 6.2-9000 × 5.01)/100 =169.1kg, the Al element has 3% burning loss, the weight of Al element to be compensated is 169.1 × 100/(100-3) =174kg, and the weight of V element to be compensated is (10000 × 4)/100 =400 kg. No burning loss. The weight of the remaining Ti elements is 10000-, 9000-, 174-400=426 kg.
Weighing Al, V and Ti elements to be added, putting a TA6 alloy ingot to be quenched and tempered into a crucible of a skull furnace, and welding a TC4 bar with the specification of phi 104mm and the length of 500mm with an electrode bar capable of stretching up and down on the skull furnace together to stand right above the crucible. And covering the furnace cover of the skull furnace, pumping air to 3Pa, stopping pumping air, and filling argon into the furnace body at the pressure of 0.2 MPa.
After the pressurization is finished, an upper voltage of 32V is loaded, the electrode rod is moved downwards, when the electrode rod is contacted with the furnace charge in the crucible of the skull furnace and generates current, the current is gradually increased, and when the current is loaded to 10000A. The electrode is moved downwards to keep the current constant, the current is continuously kept for 10min after the materials in the crucible are completely melted, the materials in the crucible are fully melted, impurities with high density in the crucible sink for a sufficient time, after the impurities in the crucible fully settle, the melted titanium liquid in the crucible is cast to the bottom sealing outer wall through the casting mechanism, and when water-cooled circular copper crystals are arranged on the outer wall, the titanium liquid in the crystallizer is fully cooled, and then the quality of the original TA6 is changed into a low-cost high-quality TC4 alloy quenched and tempered primary titanium ingot. Smelting 2 tons of titanium ingots in each furnace, repeating for 5 times, sequentially putting TC4 alloy quenched and tempered titanium ingots smelted by a skull furnace into a left bin and a right bin of an electron beam cold bed furnace, selecting a crystallizer with the thickness of 230mm multiplied by the width of 1050mm, installing the crystallizer, vacuumizing the electron beam cold bed furnace, starting an electron gun to smelt for one time when the vacuum degree reaches 0.3Pa, and stopping smelting when the smelting length reaches 10000mm, thus obtaining the quenched and tempered large-size flat ingots with the specification of 230mm multiplied by the width of 1050mm multiplied by the length of 10000 mm.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A production method of a high-quality titanium alloy ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the information of the market demand brand and the weight, and according to the national standard, determining the range of brand components and taking the average value as a reference value;
(2) sampling the titanium/titanium alloy with the weight to be quenched and tempered, analyzing the components, taking an average value of the analyzed components, comparing the average value with a reference value, adding the burning loss of the elements in the smelting process, and calculating the using amount of the elements to be added;
(3) weighing the amount of elements to be added, putting the elements and titanium/titanium alloy materials to be quenched and tempered into a crucible of a skull furnace according to a fixed proportion, selecting titanium/titanium alloy materials with the specification of phi 104-320 mm and the length of 500-900 mm, welding the titanium/titanium alloy materials with an electrode bar together, and standing right above the crucible;
(4) covering a furnace cover of the skull furnace, vacuumizing, and filling argon into the furnace body;
(5) after pressurizing is finished, loading voltage of 30-32V, moving the electrode rod downwards, gradually increasing the current when the electrode rod is in contact with furnace burden in a crucible of a skull furnace and generates current, keeping the current constant by moving the electrode downwards when the current is loaded to 10000A, and continuously keeping the current for a period of time after materials in the crucible are completely melted so that the materials in the crucible are fully melted and impurities with high density in the crucible sink for a sufficient time;
(6) after impurities in the crucible are fully settled, molten titanium liquid in the crucible is cast to the bottom sealing outer wall to form water-cooled round copper crystals, and after the titanium liquid in the crystallizer is fully cooled, a primary titanium ingot for tempering titanium/titanium alloy can be obtained;
(7) placing the smelted quenched and tempered primary cast ingot as a raw material into a feeding bin of a cold cathode 7-gun electron beam cold bed furnace, and sequentially placing;
(8) selecting a crystallizer according to market demands, and installing the crystallizer; vacuumizing the electron beam cold bed furnace, and starting an electron gun to carry out primary smelting when the vacuum degree reaches 0.3Pa, so that the regulation and control of the ingot shape can be realized.
2. The method for producing a high-quality titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the range of the national standard-determined grade component is averaged to give a reference value which is the sum of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the titanium alloy component of the alloy grade specified by the national standard, and the averaged value is taken to give a numerical value as the reference value.
3. The method for producing a high-quality titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the titanium/titanium alloy to be quenched and tempered is sampled by:
sampling the materials with the weight of more than 10kg and regular shape from the head, the middle and the tail; sampling samples with irregular shapes by adopting a suspension method and adopting an upper method, a middle method and a lower method; for a single piece with weight less than 10kg, 3 component samples are extracted according to the category of the complex-shaped samples for testing.
4. The method for producing a high-quality titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the amount of the element to be added is measured, the element to be added is a simple substance element or an intermediate alloy element, and the added weight is determined by taking the sum of the difference between the current crucible material component A and the alloy component B to be produced and the melting volatility value σ as an addition amount C, namely the addition amount:
C=B-A+σ。
5. the production method of a high-quality titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in step (7), the sequential placement is: the head and the tail of the ingot cast by the skull furnace are arranged in the head and the tail of a left bunker and a right bunker in the electron beam cooling bed furnace and are kept consistent.
6. The method for producing a high-quality titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in the step (8), a crystallizer is selected according to market requirements, and the thickness of the crystallizer is 210 to 230mm, the width of the crystallizer is 1050 to 1550mm, and the length of the crystallizer is 1000 to 11000 mm; or selecting a crystallizer with the specification of phi 210-620 mm multiplied by 100-11000 mm long.
7. A high quality titanium alloy ingot obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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