CN113999518A - Preparation method of TPU/POE alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of TPU/POE alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113999518A CN113999518A CN202111241163.5A CN202111241163A CN113999518A CN 113999518 A CN113999518 A CN 113999518A CN 202111241163 A CN202111241163 A CN 202111241163A CN 113999518 A CN113999518 A CN 113999518A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer alloy materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a TPU/POE alloy. The preparation method of the TPU/POE alloy comprises the following steps: (1) mixing polyol, isocyanate, a chain extender and a functional auxiliary agent, adding the mixture into a first section of screw extruder, and carrying out shearing blending and melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU; (2) and continuously introducing the OH-terminated TPU into a second section of screw extruder, adding maleic anhydride grafted POE at the front section of the second section of screw extruder to obtain a molten TPU/POE alloy, and carrying out underwater pelletizing, cooling and drying to obtain TPU/POE alloy particles. The invention realizes the uniform dispersion of TPU and POE, and realizes the best performance of the alloy by forming the best 'sea-island' structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer alloy materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a TPU/POE alloy.
Background
In recent years, 2 or more than 2 different polymers are widely compounded together at home and abroad by modification methods such as blending, grafting, block copolymerization and the like, so as to prepare a composite material which is not possessed by a single polymer or has excellent comprehensive performance. The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) has the physical properties of high strength, good elasticity, excellent wear resistance and oil resistance, enough resistance to oxygen, ozone, radiation and the like of rubber, and also has the advantages of high mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break) of plastics, small compression set, large bearing capacity, simple process and the like, and has wide application range. But the thermal stability is not high and the price is expensive, which hinders the application of the method to a certain extent. The Polyolefin (POE) is added into the TPU, so that the thermal stability and the mechanical properties (such as modulus, tensile strength and hardness) of the TPU can be improved, the processing stability is improved, and the cost is reduced.
At present, the preparation methods of the alloy mainly comprise two methods: blending and banburying and in-situ synthesis. The blending and banburying mainly aims at realizing the dispersion of two materials through an extruder. The method has the advantage of simple and convenient operation, but has poor dispersion effect, and simultaneously, the material loses the performance of the material because the material is sheared and mixed again. In the in-situ synthesis, another material is introduced in the material synthesis stage, so that the uniform dispersion can be achieved without losing the physical properties of the material.
The patent CN112724653A discloses a TPU/PA alloy material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the TPU/PA alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of TPU, 20-50 parts of PA, 3-10 parts of alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, 3-10 parts of grafting agent, 1-5 parts of castor oil, 1-10 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.5-3 parts of phenyl glycidyl ether. The material is prepared by adopting a method of blending and banburying and then extruding by using a double-screw extruder. The method has the advantage of simple and convenient operation, but the dispersion effect is poor, and the material can cause loss of the performance of the material after being sheared and mixed again.
Patent CN106867231A discloses a process for preparing TPU alloy by in-situ synthesis, which comprises adding another material into a screw extruder by side feeding in the TPU synthesis stage, but adding the other material into the first zone of the screw will reduce the full contact of TPU raw materials, and further delay the reaction process of TPU, and further affect the physical properties of the TPU alloy material.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the TPU/POE alloy is provided, the uniform dispersion of the TPU and the POE is realized, and the optimal performance of the alloy is realized by forming an optimal 'island' structure.
The preparation method of the TPU/POE alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyol, isocyanate, a chain extender and a functional auxiliary agent, adding the mixture into a first section of screw extruder, and carrying out shearing blending and melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) and continuously introducing the OH-terminated TPU into a second section of screw extruder, adding maleic anhydride grafted POE at the front section of the second section of screw extruder to obtain a molten TPU/POE alloy, and carrying out underwater pelletizing, cooling and drying to obtain TPU/POE alloy particles.
The first section of screw extruder is connected with the second section of screw extruder, the screw blocks of the second section of screw extruder are composed of shearing blocks, and the tail end of the second section of screw extruder is provided with a reverse rotation block.
The temperature of the first section screw extruder is controlled to be 190 ℃ in 120-.
In the step (1), the molar ratio NCO/OH of the NCO group in the isocyanate to the OH group contained in the polyol and the chain extender is (0.95 to 1): 1.
the polyol is one or more of polyester polyol, polyether polyol and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene diol.
Preferably, the polyol has a functionality of 2 and a molecular weight of 1000-.
The isocyanate is one of 4,4 '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene isocyanate and phenylene-1, 4-diisocyanate, and is preferably 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI-100).
The chain extender is one or more of 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol and 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, and is preferably 1, 4-Butanediol (BDO).
The functional auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and a catalyst.
The antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant; preferably one or more of pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] (1010), pentaerythritol bis (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol) diphosphite (626), tris [2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl ] phosphite (168), and bisdodecyl thiodipropionate (DLTDP); further preferably an antioxidant 1010.
The light stabilizer is one or more of Tinuvin 783, Tinuvin 123 and Tinuvin 328; tinuvin 783 is preferred.
The catalyst is organic bismuth or titanate catalyst; the organic bismuth-based catalyst DY-20 is preferable.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
in the step (2), the maleic anhydride grafted POE accounts for 5-95% of the total weight of the OH-terminated TPU.
The maleic anhydride grafted POE is preferably GR216 produced by Dow chemistry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the screw extruder is divided into two parts, the TPU finishes the melting polymerization reaction in a first section of screw extruder reactor to generate an OH end-capped TPU melt, and can continue to carry out the esterification polymerization reaction with the maleic anhydride grafted POE added in a second section, so that the POE is introduced into a TPU structure, the dispersion effect of two substances is effectively improved, the second section of screw extruder reactor is composed of a shearing block and a reverse rotation block, the mixing effect of the TPU and the POE is ensured, the TPU and the POE are fully fused, the material is ensured to form an optimal 'island' structure, the reduction of the performance of the TPU/POE alloy is avoided, and the thermal stability of the TPU/POE alloy is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the practice of the invention. The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available products.
Example 1
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4010 produced by Shandong-Nowei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 0.96.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating polyester glycol, MDI-100, BDO, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting into a first section screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the first section screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of screws at 180rpm, shearing, blending and carrying out melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) the first section of screw extruder is connected with the second section of screw extruder, the screw blocks of the second section of screw extruder are all composed of shear blocks, the tail end of the second section of screw extruder is provided with a reverse rotation block, the OH end-capped TPU is continuously introduced into the second section of screw extruder, GR216 accounting for 50% of the weight of the OH end-capped TPU is added into the front section of the second section of screw extruder, the temperature of the second section of screw extruder is controlled at 140 and 160 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled at 180rpm, the TPU/POE alloy in a molten state is obtained, after the underwater pelletizing system pelletizes pellets, the pellets pass through a cooling water circulation system, and finally, the TPU/POE alloy pellets are obtained after cold air drying.
Example 2
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4020 produced by Shandong-Nowei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 0.97.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating polyester glycol, MDI-100, BDO, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting into a first section screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the first section screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of screws at 180rpm, shearing, blending and carrying out melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) the first section of screw extruder is connected with the second section of screw extruder, the screw blocks of the second section of screw extruder are all composed of shear blocks, the tail end of the second section of screw extruder is provided with a reverse rotation block, the OH end-capped TPU is continuously introduced into the second section of screw extruder, GR216 accounting for 50% of the weight of the OH end-capped TPU is added into the front section of the second section of screw extruder, the temperature of the second section of screw extruder is controlled at 140 and 160 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled at 180rpm, the TPU/POE alloy in a molten state is obtained, after the underwater pelletizing system pelletizes pellets, the pellets pass through a cooling water circulation system, and finally, the TPU/POE alloy pellets are obtained after cold air drying.
Example 3
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4030 produced by Shandong-Nonwei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 0.99.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating polyester glycol, MDI-100, BDO, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting into a first section screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the first section screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of screws at 180rpm, shearing, blending and carrying out melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) the first section of screw extruder is connected with the second section of screw extruder, the screw blocks of the second section of screw extruder are all composed of shear blocks, the tail end of the second section of screw extruder is provided with a reverse rotation block, the OH end-capped TPU is continuously introduced into the second section of screw extruder, GR216 accounting for 50% of the weight of the OH end-capped TPU is added into the front section of the second section of screw extruder, the temperature of the second section of screw extruder is controlled at 140 and 160 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled at 180rpm, the TPU/POE alloy in a molten state is obtained, after the underwater pelletizing system pelletizes pellets, the pellets pass through a cooling water circulation system, and finally, the TPU/POE alloy pellets are obtained after cold air drying.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4010 produced by Shandong-Nowei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 1.01.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and heating polyester glycol, MDI-100, BDO, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting into a first section screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the first section screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of screws at 180rpm, shearing, blending and carrying out melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) the first section of screw extruder is connected with the second section of screw extruder, the screw blocks of the second section of screw extruder are all composed of shear blocks, the tail end of the second section of screw extruder is provided with a reverse rotation block, the OH end-capped TPU is continuously introduced into the second section of screw extruder, GR216 accounting for 50% of the weight of the OH end-capped TPU is added into the front section of the second section of screw extruder, the temperature of the second section of screw extruder is controlled at 140 and 160 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled at 180rpm, the TPU/POE alloy in a molten state is obtained, after the underwater pelletizing system pelletizes pellets, the pellets pass through a cooling water circulation system, and finally, the TPU/POE alloy pellets are obtained after cold air drying.
Comparative example 2
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4010 produced by Shandong-Nowei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 0.96.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the TPU raw materials are as follows: mixing and heating polyester glycol, MDI-100, BDO, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting into a double-screw extruder, simultaneously adding GR216 accounting for 50 percent of the mass of the TPU into the front section of the double-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of a screw at 180rpm to obtain a molten TPU/POE alloy, granulating by an underwater granulating system, passing the granules through a cooling water circulation system, and finally drying by cold air to obtain the TPU/POE alloy granules.
Comparative example 3
The raw materials comprise:
the polyester diol is PE-4010 produced by Shandong-Nowei polyurethane GmbH;
the NCO/OH value of the starting system was 0.96.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the TPU raw materials are as follows: mixing and heating polyester glycol, 1010, DY-20 and Tinuvin 783 to 145 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, injecting the mixture into a double-screw extruder, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of a screw at 180rpm to obtain TPU in a molten state, granulating the TPU in an underwater granulating system, passing the granules through a cooling water circulation system, and finally drying the granules by cold air to obtain TPU granules; and adding the TPU particles and GR216 accounting for 50% of the mass of the TPU particles into a double-screw extruder at the same time for blending modification, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder at 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of a screw at 180rpm to obtain a molten TPU/POE alloy, granulating the TPU/POE alloy in an underwater granulating system, passing the granules through a cooling water circulation system, and finally drying the granules by cold air to obtain the TPU/POE alloy granules.
The TPU/POE alloy pellets obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to a performance test in which:
(1) mechanical strength is tested with reference to the standard ASTM D412;
(2) method for evaluating Heat resistance: the granular alloy particles are subjected to injection molding to obtain a 2mm test piece, the test piece is placed in an aging oven at 150 ℃, and the mechanical strength loss rate is respectively tested for 3 days and 7 days.
TABLE 1 TPU/POE alloy Performance test results from examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the TPU/POE alloy prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has better strength and loss rate after aging than other preparation methods of a comparative example, and the preparation method disclosed by the invention has stronger advantageous effects.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of TPU/POE alloy is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyol, isocyanate, a chain extender and a functional auxiliary agent, adding the mixture into a first section of screw extruder, and carrying out shearing blending and melting reaction to obtain OH-terminated TPU;
(2) and continuously introducing the OH-terminated TPU into a second section of screw extruder, adding maleic anhydride grafted POE at the front section of the second section of screw extruder to obtain a molten TPU/POE alloy, and carrying out underwater pelletizing, cooling and drying to obtain TPU/POE alloy particles.
2. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the first section screw extruder is controlled to be 190 ℃ in 120-.
3. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the molar ratio NCO/OH of the NCO group in the isocyanate to the OH group contained in the polyol and the chain extender is (0.95 to 1): 1.
4. the method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the polyol is one or more of polyester polyol, polyether polyol and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene diol; the polyol has a functionality of 2 and a molecular weight of 1000-3000.
5. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the isocyanate is one of 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene isocyanate and phenylene-1, 4-diisocyanate.
6. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the chain extender is one or more of 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol and 2-methyl-1, 3-propylene glycol.
7. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the functional auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and a catalyst.
8. The method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is one or more of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant; the light stabilizer is one or more of Tinuvin 783, Tinuvin 123 and Tinuvin 328; the catalyst is organic bismuth or titanate catalyst.
10. the method for preparing TPU/POE alloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the maleic anhydride grafted POE accounts for 5-95% of the total weight of the OH-terminated TPU.
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