CN113998561A

CN113998561A - Elevator buffer

Info

Publication number: CN113998561A
Application number: CN202010738297.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹家春; 姚荣康; 郎小东; 王伟; 丁明星
Original assignee: Hangzhou Huning Elevator Parts Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Huning Elevator Parts Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-28
Filing date: 2020-07-28
Publication date: 2022-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-28
Also published as: CN113998561B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator accessories, and particularly relates to an elevator buffer which comprises an oil cylinder, a plunger, a reset mechanism and a safety switch, wherein the bottom of the plunger is provided with a bottom cover, the plunger is inserted into the oil cylinder so as to enable the bottom cover to be positioned in the oil cylinder, the side wall of the bottom cover is provided with a limiting groove, and a first clamp spring is arranged in the limiting groove; the inner wall of the oil cylinder is provided with an anti-falling structure; when the plunger is reset to the target position under the action of the resetting mechanism, the first clamp spring interacts with the anti-falling structure to limit the plunger to move along the resetting direction; the reset mechanism is also used for linking a trigger piece, and the trigger piece is used for triggering the safety switch. According to the elevator buffer, the limit structure of the plunger stroke is internally arranged between the oil cylinder and the bottom cover of the plunger, the triggering of the safety switch can be realized only by linking the reset mechanism with one triggering piece, the design of a switch contact rod can be omitted, and the miniaturization of the whole structure of the elevator buffer is facilitated.

Description

Elevator buffer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator accessories, and particularly relates to an elevator buffer.

Background

The hydraulic elevator buffer buffers and decelerates the car acting on the hydraulic elevator buffer to stop by means of hydraulic throttling damping, and plays a role in buffering protection.

For example, patent document CN210884794U discloses a hydraulic shock absorber including an oil cylinder, a plunger, and an adjusting rod; the oil cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate, the adjusting rod is positioned in the oil cylinder, and one end of the adjusting rod is connected with the bottom plate; the top end of the plunger is connected with the cover plate, the bottom end of the plunger is connected with a plunger bottom cover, the plunger bottom cover is positioned in the oil cylinder and moves up and down along the adjusting rod, and the plunger type hydraulic oil cylinder further comprises an upper spring plate, a lower spring plate and a reset spring; the upper spring plate is fixedly connected with the cover plate, and the lower spring plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the oil cylinder; the upper end and the lower end of the reset spring are respectively abutted against the upper spring plate and the lower spring plate; the automatic reset switch also comprises a switch contact rod and an automatic reset switch; the top end of the switch contact rod is fixedly connected with the upper spring plate, and the automatic reset switch is fixedly connected with the lower spring plate; the bottom end of the switch contact rod corresponds to the switch contact at the top end of the automatic reset switch. When the hydraulic buffer is impacted by the elevator car or the counterweight, the plunger drives the plunger bottom cover to slide downwards, the reset spring is compressed, the switch feeler lever descends along with the plunger, and when the bottom end of the switch feeler lever contacts a switch contact at the top end of the automatic reset switch, the automatic reset switch is opened to cut off the power of the tractor; when the elevator car or the counterweight leaves the buffer, the plunger is reset under the action of the reset spring, the automatic reset switch automatically resets, and the circuit is switched on, so that the traction machine is in a normal use state. The following two functions are realized through the switch contact rod: limiting plunger travel and triggering a safety switch.

Because the switch feeler lever will realize above two functions, so the switch feeler lever needs to extend to the top of plunger along the direction of height of hydraulic buffer all the time, causes the volume of hydraulic buffer great, simultaneously because great stroke, the switch feeler lever needs the direction to ensure that safety switch is in reliable state, and the structure is comparatively complicated. If the setting of a switch contact rod is omitted, the stroke of the plunger cannot be limited, namely the plunger cannot be prevented from being separated from the oil cylinder after being reset, and the safety loop of the elevator cannot be closed when the safety loop is disconnected and reset is completed during buffering. Therefore, there is a need for an improved structure of an elevator buffer.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an elevator buffer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an elevator buffer comprises an oil cylinder, a plunger, a reset mechanism and a safety switch, wherein a bottom cover is installed at the bottom of the plunger, the plunger is inserted into the oil cylinder so that the bottom cover is located in the oil cylinder, a limit groove is formed in the side wall of the bottom cover, and a first clamp spring is installed in the limit groove; the inner wall of the oil cylinder is provided with an anti-falling structure; when the plunger is reset to the target position under the action of the resetting mechanism, the first clamp spring interacts with the anti-falling structure to limit the plunger to move along the resetting direction; the reset mechanism is also used for linking a trigger piece, and the trigger piece is used for triggering the safety switch.

As a preferred scheme, the reset mechanism comprises a spring seat, a first reset spring, a support, a second reset spring and a pressure spring cover, wherein the spring seat is arranged on the oil cylinder; the first return spring is sleeved outside the oil cylinder and abuts against the spring seat; the bracket is sleeved outside the oil cylinder and is abutted against the first return spring; the second return spring is sleeved outside the plunger and the oil cylinder and is abutted against the bracket; the pressure spring cover is arranged at the top of the plunger and is abutted against the second return spring; the trigger is integral with the bracket.

As a preferred scheme, the reset mechanism comprises a spring seat, a reset spring with unequal pitches and a pressure spring cover, wherein the spring seat is arranged on the oil cylinder; the unequal-pitch return spring is sleeved outside the plunger and the oil cylinder and is abutted against the spring seat; the pressure spring cover is arranged on the plunger and is abutted against the reset springs with different pitches; the trigger piece is fixed on a return spring with unequal pitches.

Preferably, the pitch of the bottom of the unequal-pitch return spring is smaller than that of the upper part of the unequal-pitch return spring.

As a preferred scheme, the spring seat is clamped outside the oil cylinder; the spring holder includes first semi-ring and second semi-ring, and the one end of first semi-ring is articulated with the one end of second semi-ring, and the other end of first semi-ring is connected with the other end detachable of second semi-ring to constitute with hydro-cylinder joint complex joint chamber.

As the preferred scheme, the outer wall of the oil cylinder is provided with a mounting position matched with the clamping cavity of the spring seat, and the outer diameter of the upper part of the mounting position is smaller than that of the lower part of the mounting position so as to limit the downward movement of the spring seat.

Preferably, the safety switch is mounted on the first half ring or the second half ring of the spring seat.

Preferably, the inner wall of the plunger is provided with a first clamping groove, the lower end of the plunger is provided with a guide surface, and the side wall of the bottom cover is provided with a second clamping groove; the second clamp spring is contracted in the second clamping groove of the bottom cover through the guide surface of the plunger under the action of external force, and when the bottom cover is inserted in the target position in the plunger, the part of the second clamp spring is expanded into the first clamping groove of the plunger to connect the plunger and the bottom cover.

Preferably, the trigger is a bending piece, and the bending piece is provided with a trigger inclined plane corresponding to the safety switch.

Preferably, the oil cylinder is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and each bolt hole is in sealing connection with an oil level detection bolt; the top of the plunger is provided with an exhaust valve body assembly, and a cushion pad is arranged on the plunger.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the elevator buffer, the limit structure of the plunger stroke is internally arranged between the oil cylinder and the bottom cover of the plunger, the triggering of the safety switch can be realized only by linking the reset mechanism with one triggering piece, the design of a switch contact rod can be omitted, and the elevator buffer is favorable for realizing the manufacturing automation and miniaturizing the whole structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elevator buffer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an axial partial sectional view of an elevator buffer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section II of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the spring seat of the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an elevator buffer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an axial partial sectional view of an elevator buffer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the buffer for an elevator of the present embodiment includes a cylinder 1, a plunger 2, a return mechanism, and a safety switch 4.

Specifically, the oil cylinder 1 of the present embodiment is installed above the base 0; the plunger 2 is a hollow structure with an opening at the bottom, and a bottom cover 5 is arranged at the opening at the bottom. The plunger 2 is inserted into the oil cylinder 1, so that the bottom cover 5 is positioned in the oil cylinder 1. As shown in fig. 3, the inner wall of the plunger 2 has a first locking groove 2a, and the first locking groove 2a is an annular groove extending radially outward from the inner wall of the plunger; the outer side wall of the bottom cover 5 has a second catching groove 5a, and the second catching groove 5a is an annular groove along which the outer side wall of the bottom cover extends radially inward. Plunger 2 passes through 6 fixed connection of second jump ring with bottom 5, and the concrete mounting means of second jump ring 6 is as follows: the second snap spring 6 contracts into the second snap groove 5a of the bottom cover under the action of external force, when the bottom cover 5 is inserted into the target position in the plunger 2, part of the second snap spring 6 expands into the first snap groove 2a of the plunger, namely, one side of the second snap spring 6 is located in the first snap groove 2a of the plunger, and the other side of the second snap spring 6 is located in the second snap groove 5a of the bottom cover, so that the plunger 2 is connected with the bottom cover 5. The connecting mode that adopts the second jump ring between plunger and the bottom of this embodiment replaces welding or threaded connection among the prior art, reducible processing improves assembly efficiency.

The inner wall of the plunger 2 of this embodiment has a guide surface 2b extending inward along the axial direction of the bottom opening thereof, so that the second snap spring 6 and the guide surface 2b of the plunger interact with each other to be retracted into the second snap groove 5b of the bottom cover. The first clamping groove 2a of the inner wall of the plunger is located on the inner side of the guide surface 2b, so that the second clamp spring can be clamped into the first clamping groove 2a after passing through the guide surface 2 b. The structure of the guide surface 2b is an annular structure matched with the side face of the circular truncated cone, and the caliber of the outermost side of the guide surface 2b is not smaller than the outer diameter of the second clamp spring 6 in a free state, so that the second clamp spring 6 can be assembled conveniently. The number of the second snap springs is not limited to one piece, and can also be multiple pieces, and the second snap springs are overlapped in the first snap grooves 2a of the plunger and the second snap grooves 5a of the bottom cover, so that the connection stability between the plunger and the bottom cover is improved.

A sealing ring 7 may be disposed between the inner wall of the plunger 2 and the outer wall of the bottom cover 5, and the sealing ring 7 is sealingly fitted between the guide surface 2b of the plunger and the outer wall of the bottom cover 5. Wherein, the outer wall of bottom cap 5 has the bulge loop 5b of radially outwards extending along it, and the bottom of plunger 2 supports and leans on the bulge loop 5b of bottom cap, and sealing washer 7 and the leading surface 2b of plunger, the outer wall of bottom cap 5 and bulge loop 5b sealing contact prevent that the interior oil of plunger from getting into the hydro-cylinder from the installation gap between plunger and the bottom cap, influence the shock-absorbing capacity of elevator buffer.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer side wall of the bottom cover 5 of the present embodiment has a limiting groove 5c, and the limiting groove 5c is located below the convex ring 5 b; a first clamp spring 8 is arranged in the limiting groove 5 c; correspondingly, the inner side wall of the oil cylinder 1 is provided with an anti-falling structure 1a matched with the first clamp spring 8, and the structure can be an inclined plane or other limiting clamping grooves; when the plunger 2 is reset to the target position under the action of the resetting mechanism, the first clamp spring 8 and the anti-falling structure 1a of the oil cylinder perform mutual extrusion action to limit the plunger 2 to continuously move along the resetting direction, so that the stroke of the plunger is limited, and the plunger 2 is prevented from being separated from the oil cylinder 1 under the linkage of the resetting mechanism. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the anti-detachment structure is an anti-detachment inclined plane structure, the oil cylinder 1 sequentially includes a main body portion 1-1, an anti-detachment inclined plane portion 1-2, and an opening portion 1-3 along an axial direction thereof from bottom to top, an inner diameter of the main body portion 1-1 is greater than an inner diameter of the opening portion 1-3, the main body portion 1-1 and the opening portion 1-3 are transited through the anti-detachment inclined plane portion 1-2, specifically, through the anti-detachment inclined plane portion 1-2, linear transition may be performed, or arc transition may be performed; the limiting groove 5c of the bottom cover is provided with a groove wall 5cc which is sequentially close to the inner wall of the oil cylinder from top to bottom along the axial direction of the plunger, and the diameter of the lowest position of the groove wall is matched with the inner diameter of the opening part 1-3 of the oil cylinder; when the first clamp spring 8 is located at the highest position of the groove wall, the diameter of the first clamp spring 8 in a free state is matched with the inner diameter of the main body part 1-1 of the oil cylinder, and the first clamp spring 8 is prevented from falling out from a gap between the limiting groove and the main body part of the oil cylinder. In addition, the opening 1-3 of the oil cylinder of the embodiment has three spaced sealing grooves (the number of the sealing grooves is not limited to three, and the specific number can be adjusted according to actual requirements), and an O-ring 15 is installed in the sealing groove to be in sealing fit with the plunger 2, so that the air tightness between the plunger and the oil cylinder is ensured.

The return mechanism of the present embodiment includes a spring seat 30, a first return spring 31, a bracket 32, a second return spring 33, and a pressure spring cover 34. The spring seat 30 is arranged on the outer side wall of the oil cylinder 1; the first return spring 31 is sleeved outside the oil cylinder 1 and abuts against the spring seat 30; the bracket 32 is sleeved outside the oil cylinder 1 and is abutted against the first return spring 31; the second return spring 33 is sleeved outside the plunger 2 and the oil cylinder 1 and abuts against the bracket 32; a pressure spring cover 34 is mounted on top of the plunger and rests on the second return spring 33. Wherein the pitch of the first return spring 31 is smaller than the pitch of the second return spring 33.

The spring seat 30 of the embodiment is clamped outside the outer side wall of the oil cylinder 1; specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the spring seat 30 includes a first half ring 30a and a second half ring 30b, one end of the first half ring 30a is hinged to one end of the second half ring 30b, and the other end of the first half ring 30a and the other end of the second half ring 30b are detachably connected through bolt and bolt hole matching, so as to form a clamping cavity 300 in clamping fit with the oil cylinder 1; the detachable connection mode can also adopt the existing connection modes such as clamping, insertion and the like. In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the outer side wall of the oil cylinder 1 is provided with a mounting position 1b matched with the clamping cavity 300 of the spring seat, the outer diameter of the upper part of the mounting position 1b is smaller than that of the lower part thereof, the upper part and the lower part of the mounting position 1b are in arc transition, and the clamping cavity 300 is internally provided with a limiting part 300a matched with the structure of the mounting position 1b so as to limit the spring seat 30 to move downwards in the working process of the elevator buffer. The design of the spring holder of this embodiment has solved the problem that current spring holder welding warp behind the hydro-cylinder, need not to carry out stress treatment because of warping, and the technology is simplified.

In addition, the inner walls of the first half ring 30a and the second half ring 30b are respectively provided with a first flange 30aa and a second flange 30bb extending along the axial direction of the cylinder, and the bottom of the first return spring 31 is tightly held by the first flange 30aa and the second flange 30bb, thereby improving the buffering performance of the elevator buffer. The first half ring 30a of the spring holder of the present embodiment has a mounting portion 30c extending outward, and the mounting portion 30c has a mounting hole for mounting the safety switch 4 without additionally providing a mounting attachment of the safety switch.

As shown in fig. 7, the bracket 32 of the present embodiment includes a circular ring main body 32a, a lower collar 32b extending downward from an inner ring of the circular ring main body, and an upper collar 32c extending upward from an outer ring of the circular ring main body, the circular ring main body 32a is sleeved outside the cylinder 1, a top of the first return spring 31 is clasped outside the lower collar 32b, and a bottom of the second return spring 33 is clasped inside the upper collar 32c, so as to ensure stability of extension and retraction of the first return spring and the second return spring. In addition, the annular body 32a of the bracket has a trigger 9 on the side corresponding to the safety switch 4 for triggering the safety switch 4. Specifically, the triggering piece 9 is a bending piece, and the bending piece is provided with a triggering inclined surface 9a corresponding to the safety switch, so that the reliability of triggering the safety switch is improved, and the safety of the elevator buffer is improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the side wall of the oil cylinder 1 of the present embodiment has three bolt holes with different heights, and each bolt hole is hermetically connected with an oil level detection bolt 10, so as to facilitate the detection of the oil level in the oil cylinder.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the exhaust valve body assembly 11 is disposed on the top of the plunger 2 in this embodiment, and the specific structure of the exhaust valve body assembly 11 can refer to the prior art and is not described herein. In the present embodiment, a cushion pad 12 is attached above the plunger 2, the cushion pad 12 is fitted to the top of the plunger 2, and the cushion pad 12 and the top of the plunger 2 are fitted to each other by a Z-shaped structure so that the cushion pad is fixed to the plunger 2. Among them, the cushion pad is preferably made of rubber.

In the present embodiment, a dust cover 13 is installed between the plunger 2 and the top of the cylinder 1 to prevent interference of foreign objects. Wherein the cushion pad 12 is positioned above the dust cover 13.

The oil cylinder and the plunger piston of the embodiment can both adopt a spinning forming technology to spin-form a flat plate material into a cylindrical structure, so that the oil cylinder and the plunger piston are manufactured. The spinning forming technology is adopted, and the method is particularly suitable for forming a high-strength thin-wall cylindrical structure; the flat plate material adopts a material with higher strength to replace common steel, thereby benefiting the higher material strength, realizing the replacement of a large structure by a small structure and lightening the whole mass from a metal material.

Example two:

the elevator buffer of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the reset mechanism has different structures.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the return mechanism of the present embodiment includes a spring seat, a return spring with unequal pitches, and a pressure spring cover, and the mounting structure of the spring seat and the pressure spring cover is the same as that of the first embodiment, and one return spring 14 with unequal pitches is used to replace two return springs and a bracket of the first embodiment, thereby simplifying the structure of the return mechanism. Wherein, the pitch of the bottom of the return spring with unequal pitches is smaller than that of the top of the return spring; the trigger piece is fixed at the bottom of the unequal-pitch return spring and is not positioned on the spring coil at the bottommost end, so that the safety switch can be triggered, and the sensitivity is higher. The structure diversification of the elevator buffer is realized to meet the requirements of different applications.

Other structures can refer to the first embodiment.

Example three:

the elevator buffer of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

the bolt holes on the side wall of the oil cylinder are not limited to three bolt holes listed in the first embodiment, and can also be two, four or five bolt holes with different heights, and each bolt hole is hermetically connected with an oil level detection bolt, so that the oil level in the oil cylinder can be conveniently detected.

Other structures can refer to the first embodiment.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An elevator buffer comprises an oil cylinder, a plunger, a reset mechanism and a safety switch, wherein a bottom cover is installed at the bottom of the plunger, and the plunger is inserted into the oil cylinder so as to enable the bottom cover to be located in the oil cylinder; the inner wall of the oil cylinder is provided with an anti-falling structure; when the plunger is reset to the target position under the action of the resetting mechanism, the first clamp spring interacts with the anti-falling structure to limit the plunger to move along the resetting direction; the reset mechanism is also used for linking a trigger piece, and the trigger piece is used for triggering the safety switch.

2. The elevator buffer of claim 1, wherein the return mechanism comprises a spring seat, a first return spring, a bracket, a second return spring, and a compression spring cover, the spring seat being mounted to the cylinder; the first return spring is sleeved outside the oil cylinder and abuts against the spring seat; the bracket is sleeved outside the oil cylinder and is abutted against the first return spring; the second return spring is sleeved outside the plunger and the oil cylinder and is abutted against the bracket; the pressure spring cover is arranged at the top of the plunger and is abutted against the second return spring; the trigger is integral with the bracket.

3. The buffer of claim 1, wherein the return mechanism comprises a spring seat, a return spring with unequal pitches and a pressure spring cover, and the spring seat is mounted on the oil cylinder; the unequal-pitch return spring is sleeved outside the plunger and the oil cylinder and is abutted against the spring seat; the pressure spring cover is arranged on the plunger and is abutted against the reset springs with different pitches; the trigger piece is fixed on a return spring with unequal pitches.

4. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 3 wherein the unequal pitch return spring has a lower portion with a smaller pitch than an upper portion.

5. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 2 or 3 wherein said spring retainer is captured outside of said cylinder; the spring holder includes first semi-ring and second semi-ring, and the one end of first semi-ring is articulated with the one end of second semi-ring, and the other end of first semi-ring is connected with the other end detachable of second semi-ring to constitute with hydro-cylinder joint complex joint chamber.

6. The buffer of claim 5, wherein the outer wall of the cylinder has a mounting portion that fits the latching cavity of the spring seat, and the mounting portion has an upper outer diameter smaller than a lower outer diameter thereof to restrict downward movement of the spring seat.

7. The elevator buffer of claim 5 wherein the safety switch is mounted on the first half or the second half of the spring seat.

8. An elevator buffer as defined in claim 1, wherein said plunger has a first catching groove formed in an inner wall thereof and a guide surface formed at a lower end thereof; the side wall of the bottom cover is provided with a second clamping groove; the second clamp spring is contracted in the second clamping groove of the bottom cover through the guide surface of the plunger under the action of external force, and when the bottom cover is inserted in the target position in the plunger, the part of the second clamp spring is expanded into the first clamping groove of the plunger to connect the plunger and the bottom cover.

9. An elevator buffer as defined in any one of claims 1-3 wherein said trigger member is a bent piece having a trigger ramp corresponding to the safety switch.

10. The elevator buffer of claim 1 wherein said ram has a plurality of bolt holes, each bolt hole being sealingly connected to an oil level sensing bolt; the top of the plunger is provided with an exhaust valve body assembly, and a cushion pad is arranged on the plunger.