CN113991922A - Motor cooling system and cooling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor cooling system and a cooling method, and belongs to the technical field of motors. The cooling system includes: motor casing, inlet channel, liquid return pipeline and radiator, a plurality of cooling chamber has been seted up to the motor casing, and the cooling intracavity is filled has coolant, and the inlet channel communicates with the inlet end in cooling chamber, and liquid return pipeline communicates with the play liquid end in cooling chamber, and the radiator goes out the liquid end and communicates with the inlet channel, and the inlet end communicates with liquid return pipeline, and during operation, coolant gets into the cooling chamber of motor casing in the inlet channel after, dispels the heat in getting into the radiator from liquid return pipeline again. According to the invention, the motor shell is internally provided with the plurality of cooling cavities, and the heat of the motor shell is brought into the radiator through the cooling medium for heat radiation, so that the cooling efficiency of the motor in the sealed space can be improved, and the problem that the high-power motor in the electric automobile is overheated and damaged when working in the sealed space for a long time due to poor heat radiation capability in the sealed space caused by air-cooled heat radiation is solved.

Description

Motor cooling system and cooling method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor cooling system and a cooling method.

Background

The cooling of the existing motor is mainly to dissipate heat through the cooling fins on the side wall of the shell, and the mode uses air cooling for heat dissipation to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation capability in a sealed space, particularly the problem of overheating and damage of a high-power motor in an electric automobile when the motor works for a long time in the sealed space, so that the motor cooling system capable of improving the cooling efficiency of the motor in the sealed space is needed to be provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: a motor cooling system and a cooling method are provided to solve the above problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme is as follows: the motor cooling system includes: the motor casing has seted up a plurality of cooling chamber, and the cooling intracavity is filled there is coolant.

And the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the cooling cavity.

And the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the cooling cavity.

And the liquid outlet end of the radiator is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline, and the liquid inlet end of the radiator is communicated with the liquid return pipeline.

When the motor works, cooling medium enters the cooling cavity of the motor shell from the liquid inlet pipeline and then enters the radiator from the liquid return pipeline for heat dissipation.

In a further embodiment, the motor cooling system further comprises: and the liquid inlet end of the motor pump is communicated with the cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet end of the motor pump is communicated with the liquid return pipeline.

In a further embodiment, the motor cooling system further comprises: and the rotating speed sensor is connected with the motor rotor and used for monitoring the rotating speed of the motor.

The control unit is connected with speed sensor and motor pump electricity, the control unit adjusts motor pump operating power according to the rotational speed that speed sensor monitored, through making motor pump and cooling chamber and liquid return pipe intercommunication, make coolant initiative discharge from the cooling intracavity, the problem of coolant at the cooling intracavity heat absorption efficiency reduction that leads to coolant in the cooling intracavity mixture has been solved, and make the cooling intracavity be in the negative pressure state, avoided the cooling intracavity because of the exothermic physical phenomenon of compression appears, the problem of heat absorption efficiency reduction, and solved and cooled the intracavity and be in the problem that there is the coolant leakage in the malleation state.

In a further embodiment, the motor cooling system further comprises: and the variable capacitance device is arranged at the end part of the motor shell and is connected with the motor rotor.

When the variable-capacity device is in a working state, the motor rotor drives the variable-capacity device to rotate, the volume of the cooling cavity is changed by the variable-capacity device to drive the cooling medium to flow, and the variable-capacity device connected with the motor rotor can accelerate the flow rate of the cooling medium when the motor rotor is high in rotating speed, high in power and large in heat productivity, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, a motor pump power adjusting unit, a sensor and an algorithm are not required to be additionally arranged to realize the flow of the cooling medium and adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium, the transmission chain is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.

In a further embodiment, the varactor apparatus comprises: the shell is connected with the motor shell and is provided with a liquid inlet end, a liquid outlet end and a liquid storage cavity, and the volume of the liquid storage cavity of the liquid inlet end is larger than that of the liquid storage cavity of the liquid outlet end.

And the rotating piece is accommodated in the shell and is connected with the motor rotor.

The sliding part is in inserted fit with the rotating part.

The shell and the rotating part are arranged eccentrically, the rotating part drives the sliding part to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding part moves and slides out from the rotating part to the side wall direction of the shell, and the cooling medium is conveyed to the liquid outlet end direction while being sucked into the liquid storage cavity.

When the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding piece moves from the side wall of the shell to the rotating piece and slides in, and cooling media in the liquid storage cavity are input into the liquid outlet end.

In a further embodiment, the feed liquor end and the cooling chamber intercommunication of varactor, go out the liquid end and return the liquid pipeline intercommunication, directly drive varactor work through electric motor rotor, and make varactor's feed liquor end and cooling chamber intercommunication, go out the liquid end and return the liquid pipeline intercommunication, can be when changing cooling intracavity coolant, make the cooling intracavity be in the negative pressure state, the problem of coolant mixing in the cooling intracavity and leading to coolant at the cooling intracavity heat absorption efficiency reduction has been solved, the physics phenomenon of cooling intracavity because of the compression is exothermic has been avoided appearing, the problem of heat absorption efficiency reduction, and the problem of cooling intracavity in the malleation state existence coolant leakage has been solved.

In a further embodiment, a motor cooling system includes: and the two variable capacitance devices are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor shell and are symmetrically matched.

In a further embodiment, the shells, the rotating part and the sliding part of the two variable-capacity devices are arranged at a preset angle in a biased mode relative to the rotating shaft of the motor rotor, the two variable-capacity devices are arranged in a biased mode, peak staggering work of the two variable-capacity devices can be achieved, the problems that pressure in a radiator is changed excessively during work and the baffle is long when the radiator does not work are solved, and the heat dissipation efficiency and the power utilization rate of the radiator are improved.

In a further embodiment, the cooling cavity is a conical cavity structure with the cross-sectional area of the liquid inlet end smaller than that of the liquid outlet end, and the cooling medium can expand in the cavity to absorb heat by designing the cooling cavity into the conical cavity structure, so that the heat absorption efficiency is improved.

The cooling method based on the motor cooling system comprises the following steps: and S1, when the motor works, the motor rotor drives the rotating piece to rotate.

And S2, when the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding piece moves and slides out from the rotating piece to the side wall of the shell, and the cooling medium is sucked into the liquid storage cavity and is transported to the liquid outlet end.

S3, when the rotating part drives the sliding part to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding part moves from the side wall of the shell to the direction of the rotating part to slide in, and the cooling medium in the liquid storage cavity is input into the liquid outlet end.

And S4, in S2, the rotating piece and the sliding piece suck the cooling medium in the cooling cavity into the liquid storage cavity and transport the cooling medium to the liquid outlet end, so that negative pressure is generated in the cooling cavity to suck the cooling medium to be processed.

Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a motor cooling system and a cooling method, wherein a plurality of cooling cavities are arranged in a motor shell, and heat of the motor shell is brought into a radiator through a cooling medium for heat dissipation, so that the cooling efficiency of a motor in a sealed space can be improved, and the problem that the high-power motor in an electric automobile is overheated and damaged when working for a long time in the sealed space due to poor heat dissipation capability in the sealed space caused by air-cooled heat dissipation is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the motor pump of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the varactor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the varactor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dual varactor of the present invention.

The reference numerals shown in fig. 1 to 4 are: motor casing 1, liquid inlet pipe 2, liquid return pipe 3, radiator 4, motor pump 5, speed sensor 6, control unit 7, varactor 8, cooling chamber 11, motor rotor 12, casing 81, rotating member 82, slider 83.

Detailed Description

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

The application discloses can improve motor cooling system of motor cooling efficiency in encapsulated space.

The cooling system includes: motor casing 1, liquid inlet pipe 2, liquid return pipe 3 and radiator 4.

The motor casing 1 is provided with a plurality of cooling cavities 11, and cooling medium is filled in the cooling cavities 11, wherein the cooling medium can be liquid with high heat storage capacity such as Freon solution, water liquid or oil liquid.

The liquid inlet pipeline 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the cooling cavity 11, and the liquid return pipeline 3 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the cooling cavity 11.

The liquid outlet end of the radiator 4 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline 2, and the liquid inlet end is communicated with the liquid return pipeline 3.

The working principle is as follows: the during operation, behind the cooling chamber 11 that coolant got into motor casing 1 from inlet channel 2, dispel the heat in getting into radiator 4 from returning liquid pipeline 3 again, through setting up a plurality of cooling chamber 11 in motor casing 1, and dispel the heat in taking the heat of motor casing 1 to radiator 4 through coolant, can improve the motor in the encapsulated space cooling efficiency, it is poor to have solved the air-cooled heat dissipation and have heat-sinking capability in the encapsulated space, the problem that the long-time work of powerful motor has overheated damage in the encapsulated space among the electric automobile that leads to.

In a further embodiment, in the conventional cooling system, a motor pump 5 is generally additionally arranged outside the motor to input the cooling medium into the cooling cavity 11, and when the external cooling medium is output into the cooling cavity 11, the external cooling medium and the internal cooling medium are mixed in the process to cause the problem of reduced heat absorption efficiency of the cooling medium in the cooling cavity 11, and the cooling cavity 11 is in a positive pressure state, so that the physical phenomenon of compression and heat release occurs in the cooling cavity 11 to cause the problem of reduced heat absorption efficiency, and the problem of cooling medium leakage exists in the cooling cavity 11 in the positive pressure state.

In order to solve the above problem, the motor cooling system further includes: a motor pump 5.

The liquid inlet end of the motor pump 5 is communicated with the cooling cavity 11, and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid return pipeline 3.

Through making motor pump 5 and cooling chamber 11 and returning liquid pipeline 3 intercommunication, make coolant initiatively discharge from cooling chamber 11, solved coolant and mixed the problem that leads to coolant thermal efficiency to reduce in cooling chamber 11, and make and be in the negative pressure state in cooling chamber 11 in addition, avoided cooling chamber 11 in because of the exothermic physical phenomenon of compression appears, the problem of thermal efficiency reduction, and solved and be in the problem that there is coolant leakage in the positive pressure state in cooling chamber 11.

In this embodiment, the motor cooling system further includes: a rotational speed sensor 6 and a control unit 7.

The speed sensor 6 is connected with the motor rotor 12 and used for monitoring the motor speed.

The control unit 7 is electrically connected with the rotating speed sensor 6 and the motor pump 5, and the control unit 7 adjusts the working power of the motor pump 5 according to the rotating speed monitored by the rotating speed sensor 6.

The working power of the motor pump 5 is adjusted through the control unit 7 according to the rotating speed monitored by the rotating speed sensor 6, so that the energy consumption of the motor pump 5 is reduced while the cooling efficiency is ensured.

In a further embodiment, the motor pump 5 is additionally arranged outside the motor in the conventional cooling system to realize the flow of the cooling medium, although the flow rate of the cooling medium is increased by the method, the cooling efficiency is improved, but the energy consumption is increased, and the endurance of the electric vehicle is reduced, in order to overcome the defect, a power adjusting unit of the motor pump 5 is generally arranged, the flow rate of the cooling medium is adjusted by using the motor pump 5 according to the motor power, and further the energy consumption of the motor pump 5 is reduced, but in the method, the increased power adjusting unit of the motor pump 5 is generally an electronic controller such as a single chip microcomputer, and a sensor and an algorithm are also arranged to adjust the power of the motor pump 5 according to the motor power, so that the problems of complicated and long transmission chain and high production cost are caused.

In order to solve the above problem, the motor cooling system further includes: a varactor 8.

The varactor 8 is arranged at the end of the motor housing 1 and is connected to the motor rotor 12.

In a working state, the motor rotor 12 drives the variable capacitance device 8 to rotate, and the variable capacitance device 8 changes the volume of the cooling cavity 11 to drive the cooling medium to flow.

Through the varactor 8 of being connected with electric motor rotor 12, can be when electric motor rotor 12 rotational speed is high, power is big, calorific capacity is big for cooling medium's velocity of flow, and then improve cooling efficiency, needn't additionally set up electric motor pump 5, electric motor pump 5 power regulation unit, sensor and algorithm moreover and realize cooling medium's flow and adjust its velocity of flow, simplified the driving chain and reduced manufacturing cost.

In this embodiment, the varactor device 8 includes: a housing 81, a rotary member 82, and a slide member 83.

The casing 81 is connected to the motor casing 1 and has a liquid inlet end, a liquid outlet end and a liquid storage cavity, wherein the volume of the liquid storage cavity at the liquid inlet end is larger than that at the liquid outlet end.

The rotary member 82 is housed in the housing 81 and connected to the motor rotor 12.

The slider 83 is fitted with the rotary member 82 by insertion, and the slider 83 slides within the rotary member 82.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the rotating member 82 is a rotating wheel having a sliding slot on its axis, the liquid storage cavity is an eccentric cavity, the sliding member 83 is a sheet body slidably inserted into the sliding slot, the rotating member 82 rotates in the liquid storage cavity, and the inner wall of the housing 81 limits the displacement distance of the sliding member 83.

The shell 81 and the rotating part 82 are arranged eccentrically, when the rotating part 82 drives the sliding part 83 to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding part 83 displaces from the rotating part 82 to the side wall direction of the shell 81 to slide out, and the cooling medium is sucked into the liquid storage cavity and transported to the liquid outlet end direction.

When the rotating member 82 drives the sliding member 83 to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding member 83 moves from the side wall of the shell 81 to the rotating member 82 and slides in, and the cooling medium in the liquid storage cavity is input into the liquid outlet end.

The working principle is as follows: the cooling method based on the motor cooling system comprises the following steps: s1, when the motor is working, the rotor 12 of the motor drives the rotation member 82 to rotate.

And S2, when the rotating piece 82 drives the sliding piece 83 to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding piece 83 slides out from the rotating piece 82 to the side wall of the shell 81 in a displacement mode, and the cooling medium is sucked into the liquid storage cavity and is transported to the liquid outlet end direction at the same time.

S3, when the rotating member 82 drives the sliding member 83 to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding member 83 moves from the side wall of the shell 81 to the rotating member 82 and slides in, and the cooling medium in the liquid storage cavity is input into the liquid outlet end.

S4, in S2, the rotating piece 82 and the sliding piece 83 transport the cooling medium in the cooling cavity 11 to the liquid outlet end direction while sucking the cooling medium in the liquid storage cavity, so that negative pressure is generated in the cooling cavity 11 to suck the cooling medium to be worked.

In this embodiment, the liquid inlet end of the variable volume device 8 is communicated with the cooling cavity 11, and the liquid outlet end is communicated with the liquid return pipeline 3.

Directly drive varactor 8 work through electric motor rotor 12, and make varactor 8's inlet end and cooling chamber 11 intercommunication, go out liquid end and return liquid pipeline 3 intercommunication, can be when changing cooling medium in cooling chamber 11, make and be in negative pressure state in cooling chamber 11, the problem of cooling medium thermal absorption efficiency reduction in cooling chamber 11 that leads to cooling medium in cooling chamber 11 thoughtlessly has been solved to cooling medium in cooling chamber 11, because of the exothermic physical phenomenon of compression appears in cooling chamber 11, the problem of thermal absorption efficiency reduction, and the problem of cooling medium leakage has been solved to be in the positive pressure state in cooling chamber 11.

In a further embodiment, the displacement-altering means 8 can only suck out half the amount of cooling medium in the cooling chamber 11 of the motor housing 1 because of the eccentric arrangement of the housing 81, resulting in the problem of insufficient cooling and local overheating of the motor.

In order to solve the above problems, a motor cooling system includes: two varactor 8, set up respectively at the both ends of motor casing 1, two varactor 8 symmetry cooperations.

In a further embodiment, the two positive displacement devices 8 are symmetrically matched to suck the cooling medium from the direction of the radiator 4 at the same time and discharge the cooling medium to the direction of the radiator 4 at the same time, so that the problems of overlarge pressure change in the radiator 4 during operation and long blocking period during non-operation exist, which results in the problems of reduced heat dissipation efficiency and insufficient power utilization rate.

In order to solve the above problem, the housing 81, the rotary member 82, and the sliding member 83 of the two variable-capacity devices 8 are disposed offset by a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the motor rotor 12.

In the preferred embodiment, the two positive-displacement means 8 are arranged offset by 180 °, one for sucking cooling medium from the cooling chamber 11 and the other for discharging cooling medium.

Set up two varactor 8 through the biasing and can make two varactor 8 peak shifting work, and then avoided the pressure change of during operation radiator 4 too big, and the long problem of gear period when out of work, improved radiator 4's radiating efficiency to and power utilization rate.

In this embodiment, the cooling cavity 11 is a tapered cavity structure with a cross-sectional area at the liquid inlet end smaller than that at the liquid outlet end.

The cooling cavity 11 is designed into a conical cavity structure, so that the cooling medium can expand in the cavity to absorb heat, and the heat absorption efficiency is improved.

As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An electric machine cooling system, comprising: the motor shell is provided with a plurality of cooling cavities, and cooling media are filled in the cooling cavities;

the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the cooling cavity;

the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the cooling cavity;

the liquid outlet end of the radiator is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline, and the liquid inlet end of the radiator is communicated with the liquid return pipeline;

when the motor works, cooling medium enters the cooling cavity of the motor shell from the liquid inlet pipeline and then enters the radiator from the liquid return pipeline for heat dissipation.

2. The motor cooling system of claim 1, further comprising:

and the liquid inlet end of the motor pump is communicated with the cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet end of the motor pump is communicated with the liquid return pipeline.

3. The motor cooling system of claim 2, further comprising:

the rotating speed sensor is connected with the motor rotor and used for monitoring the rotating speed of the motor;

and the control unit is electrically connected with the rotating speed sensor and the motor pump and is used for adjusting the working power of the motor pump according to the rotating speed monitored by the rotating speed sensor.

4. The motor cooling system of claim 1, further comprising:

the variable capacitance device is arranged at the end part of the motor shell and is connected with the motor rotor;

when the motor is in a working state, the motor rotor drives the variable capacitance device to rotate, and the variable capacitance device changes the volume of the cooling cavity to drive the cooling medium to flow.

5. The motor cooling system of claim 4, wherein the positive displacement device comprises:

the shell is connected with the motor shell and is provided with a liquid inlet end, a liquid outlet end and a liquid storage cavity, and the volume of the liquid storage cavity of the liquid inlet end is larger than that of the liquid storage cavity of the liquid outlet end;

the rotating piece is accommodated in the shell and connected with the motor rotor;

the sliding part is in inserted fit with the rotating part;

the shell and the rotating piece are arranged eccentrically, and when the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding piece moves and slides out from the rotating piece to the side wall direction of the shell, so that the cooling medium is sucked into the liquid storage cavity and is transported to the liquid outlet end direction;

when the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding piece moves from the side wall of the shell to the rotating piece and slides in, and cooling media in the liquid storage cavity are input into the liquid outlet end.

6. The motor cooling system of claim 4,

the liquid inlet end of the volume-changing device is communicated with the cooling cavity, and the liquid outlet end of the volume-changing device is communicated with the liquid return pipeline.

7. The motor cooling system of claim 5, comprising: and the two variable capacitance devices are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor shell and are symmetrically matched.

8. The motor cooling system of claim 7, wherein the housing, the rotary member, and the sliding member of the two positive-displacement devices are offset by a predetermined angle with respect to the rotational axis of the motor rotor.

9. The motor cooling system of claim 1, wherein the cooling cavity is a tapered cavity structure with a cross-sectional area at an inlet end smaller than a cross-sectional area at an outlet end.

10. The cooling method of the motor cooling system according to claim 5, comprising:

s1, when the motor works, the motor rotor drives the rotating piece to rotate;

s2, when the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid inlet end, the sliding piece moves and slides out from the rotating piece to the side wall of the shell, and the cooling medium is sucked into the liquid storage cavity and is transported to the liquid outlet end;

s3, when the rotating piece drives the sliding piece to rotate to the liquid outlet end, the volume of the liquid storage cavity is reduced, the sliding piece moves from the side wall of the shell to the direction of the rotating piece to slide in, and the cooling medium in the liquid storage cavity is input into the liquid outlet end;

and S4, in S2, the rotating piece and the sliding piece suck the cooling medium in the cooling cavity into the liquid storage cavity and transport the cooling medium to the liquid outlet end, so that negative pressure is generated in the cooling cavity to suck the cooling medium to be processed.

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