CN113991822A - Photovoltaic panel charge-discharge application circuit based on BUCK circuit - Google Patents
Photovoltaic panel charge-discharge application circuit based on BUCK circuit Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1588—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on a BUCK circuit, which realizes synchronous rectification of the BUCK circuit through an integrated driving module, voltage reduction output of the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel, current sampling through an operational amplifier, voltage sampling through a voltage division circuit, analysis of sampling data through an AD port of a main control module, calculation of high-precision current parameters and high-precision voltage parameters, and a short-circuit protection circuit, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit is arranged to ensure that hardware can be protected firstly during short circuit, the output of IR2110S is closed, the photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit is provided with an over-temperature protection circuit with an NTC and is connected with a display screen to display the charging state, a buzzer is arranged to prompt a user, the invention realizes voltage reduction of the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel through BUCK synchronous rectification, the charging efficiency is improved, the display screen can conveniently check the charging state, and has short-circuit, over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage and over-temperature protection, the charging safety of the photovoltaic panel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on a BUCK circuit.
Background
With the rapid development of society, the electricity consumption of China is increased rapidly, the electric energy can permeate into various industries, the electricity generation of China is generally from thermal power generation, the electricity generation mode has poor effect, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the environment is polluted extremely, so the development of improving new energy is urgent, the solar energy is used as the most common new energy in life, and is also applied to various occasions, and the application and the most are the photovoltaic power generation technology.
In the age of solar power generation panels becoming more and more popular, what we lack is how to store electricity generated by such solar energy, rather than expend it in vain. In order to enable solar energy to be applied to more ways and better integrate into our lives, electric energy can be provided for people at any time and any place, solar energy power generation is stored in a lithium battery, but a traditional solar charger can only charge the battery, but the battery is easy to damage and overcharges because of no protection circuit. Therefore, the product can read the voltage of the battery at any time, regulate and control the output voltage through the BUCK circuit, and open or disconnect the charging loop through the relay, so that the charging is safer and more reliable. The design can be externally connected with a 128-by-128 dot matrix screen, and a user can know the electric quantity of the battery and the charging power at any time. Short circuit, overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature protection are configured, and charging accidents are greatly reduced. The design is that the MCU outputs a fixed frequency, the PWM waveform of the duty ratio is changed, and the level conversion is realized through the IR2110S, so that the BUCK circuit realizes synchronous rectification, the charging efficiency is greatly improved, the output voltage can be modulated through software, and the BUCK circuit can be applied to more occasions. But the BUCK, synchronous rectification and current and voltage sampling need to be realized, so that the cost is increased compared with the conventional solar charging circuit, and the technical requirements of designers are also greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on a BUCK circuit, which increases the adaptation range of a main board and a screen and reduces the cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic panel charge and discharge application circuit based on a BUCK circuit comprises:
the BUCK rectifying module: receiving input voltage of a photovoltaic panel, charging a battery after synchronous rectification and providing input voltage sampling and battery voltage sampling for the main control module;
a power output module: receiving the voltage of the battery and reducing the voltage into a stable +12V output voltage;
an internal power supply module: receiving the +12V output voltage of the power output module and reducing the voltage to +3.3V, and providing working voltage as an internal circuit;
a charging current sampling module: the BUCK rectifying module is connected and used for providing charging current sampling for the main control module, specifically, the charging current sampling module is a forward amplifying circuit, an amplifier is arranged in the charging current sampling module, and output voltage is input to the main control module through the amplifier to realize current sampling;
short-circuit protection module: the BUCK rectification module is connected, and hardware protection and software protection are realized through a built-in comparator;
the main control module: analyzing and calculating input voltage sampling, battery voltage sampling and current sampling, and controlling the BUCK rectifying module;
optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the main control module is connected to an LCD display screen for displaying battery information, specifically, an LCD display screen triode Q5, a resistor R50 is connected in parallel between an emitter and a base of the triode Q5, the base of the transistor Q5 is connected in series to a resistor R51 and is connected to an LCD display screen analog power supply LCD VCC, a collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to an LCD display screen input power supply LCD _3.3V, an emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to an internal power supply module output, an LCD display screen communication pin is connected to a display screen communication pin of the main control module, in this scheme, the PB7 foot of main control module is connected to the LCD CS foot of LCD display screen, main control module PB6 foot is connected to the LCD RES foot of LCD display screen, the PB8 foot of main control module is connected to the LCD A0 foot of LCD display screen, the PB3 foot of main control module is connected to the LCD D7 of LCD display screen, the PB5 foot of main control module is connected to the LCD D6 of LCD display screen, the PB4 foot of main control module is connected to the LCD VCC of LCD display screen.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the main control module is further connected to a communication interface for program burning and debugging of the main control module, specifically, the communication interface is an SWD interface, SWDIO _1 of the SWD interface is connected to PA13 pin of the main control module, SWDCLK _1 of the SWD interface is connected to PA14 pin of the main control module, and PA13 and PA14 are used as communication pins of the main control module and the communication interface.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the main control module is connected to an NTC over-temperature protection component, the over-temperature protection component includes a resistor R29 and an NTC resistor, a first end of the resistor R29 is connected to the output of the internal power supply module, a second end of the resistor R29 is connected to the first end of the NTC resistor and is connected to the PA5 pin of the main control module, and a second end of the NTC resistor is grounded.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the main control module is connected to a buzzer circuit for prompting a user, the buzzer circuit includes a buzzer BZ1, a resistor R47, a resistor R48, a resistor R49, and a triode Q4, the positive electrode of the buzzer BZ1 is connected in series to the resistor R47, the negative electrode of the buzzer BZ1 is connected to the collector of the triode Q4, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, the base of the triode Q4 is connected in series to the resistor R48 and connected to the PA7 pin of the main control module, and the resistor R49 is connected in parallel between the resistor R48 and the base of the triode Q4.
Optionally, IN an embodiment of the present invention, the BUCK rectifier module is provided with a photovoltaic panel input circuit, the photovoltaic panel input circuit is provided with PV +, PV-correspondingly connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic panel, resistors R13 and R20 are connected IN parallel between PV + and PV-, and are used for sampling an input voltage, a first end of the resistor R13 is connected to PV +, a second end of the resistor R20 is connected to the first end of the resistor R20 and is connected to the PV IN pin of the main control module, and a second end of the resistor R20 is connected to PV-.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the BUCK rectifier module is provided with an integrated driver, and a PWM output pin of the integrated driver is connected to a PWM input pin of the main control module, specifically, a HIN pin and an LIN pin of the integrated driver are PWM output pins, the HIN pin is connected to PWM1A-PV of the main control module, and the LIN pin is connected to PWM1B-PV of the main control module.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated driver is a monolithic integrated driver module of a dual-channel, gate-driven, high-voltage and high-speed power device, and has the characteristics of small size, low cost, high integration level, fast response speed, high offset voltage, strong driving capability, and the like.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the output of the BUCK rectifying module is connected to positive and negative electrodes of a Battery, the positive and negative electrodes of the Battery are connected in parallel with resistors R12 and R18 for sampling a voltage of the Battery, a first end of the resistor R12 is connected to the positive electrode of the Battery, a second end of the resistor R18 is connected to the first end of the resistor R18 and is connected to the Battery voltage pin V Battery of the main control module, and a second end of the resistor R18 is grounded.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the charging current sampling module is provided with a clamping diode D8 for clamping an output voltage of the charging current sampling module, and when the current is too large or the output is not normal, the output voltage is clamped by 3.3V to prevent burning out of the single chip microcomputer, one end of the clamping diode D8 is connected to the output of the internal power supply module, and the other end of the clamping diode D8 is connected to the output end of the amplifier.
The invention has the beneficial effects
According to the photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit, synchronous rectification of the BUCK rectification module is achieved through integrated drive of the integrated drive IR2110S, the voltage output by the photovoltaic panel is reduced to a stable voltage, the battery charging efficiency is improved, an LCD display screen is configured, the charging state can be conveniently checked, short-circuit, overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature protection is achieved, and the charging safety of the photovoltaic panel is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the framework of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main control module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a BUCK rectifying module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power output module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal power module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit protection module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a charging current sampling module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an overheat protection means in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a display screen according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a buzzer in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on a BUCK circuit, which comprises a BUCK rectification module, a power output module, an internal power module, a charging current sampling module, a short-circuit protection module and a main control module.
As shown IN fig. 1 and 3, the BUCK rectifying module receives an input voltage of a photovoltaic panel, charges a battery after synchronous rectification and provides an input voltage sample and a battery voltage sample for the main control module, specifically, the BUCK rectifying module is provided with a photovoltaic panel input circuit, the photovoltaic panel input circuit is provided with PV +, PV-which are correspondingly connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the photovoltaic panel, resistors R13 and R20 are connected IN parallel between PV + and PV-, the input voltage can be analyzed by a single chip microcomputer, a program is used for controlling a starting voltage of solar charging and an output duty ratio of the BUCK circuit, a first end of a resistor R13 is connected with PV +, a second end of the resistor R20 is connected with a PV IN pin of the main control module, a second end of the resistor R20 is connected, and an output direction of the photovoltaic panel input circuit is connected IN parallel with five filter capacitors C11, C13, C14, C15 and C16; the output of the BUCK rectifying module is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the Battery, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the Battery are connected with resistors R12 and R18 in parallel and used for sampling the voltage of the Battery, the first end of the resistor R12 is connected with the positive electrode of the Battery, the second end of the resistor R18 is connected with the first end of the resistor R18 and is connected to a Battery voltage pin V Battery of the main control module, and the second end of the resistor R18 is grounded.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the BUCK rectifier module is integrally driven by an IRS2110S monolithic type, that is, U1, the power supply VDD of U1 is connected to the output of the internal power supply module, the PWM output pin of U1 is connected to the PWM input pin of the main control module, specifically, the HIN pin and LIN pin of U1 are PWM output pins, the HIN pin is connected to PWM1A-PV of the main control module, the LIN pin is connected to PWM1B-PV of the main control module, and the PWM1A-PV and the PWM1B-PV are two complementary 3.3V square wave signals. An LO pin and an HO pin of U1 follow PWM1A-PV and PWM1B-PV respectively, the same frequency and duty ratio are achieved, the HO pin and the LO pin of U1 are connected with MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 respectively, specifically, the HO pin is connected with a grid of Q1, a drain of Q1 is connected with a positive electrode of a photovoltaic panel input circuit, a source of Q1 is connected with a drain of Q3, a VS pin of U1 is connected in parallel with a battery BAT +, an inductor L1 is further connected in series on a line connected in parallel with the battery BAT +, and a relay K1 is connected between the inductor L1 and the battery BAT +; the LO pin is connected with the grid of the Q3, the source of the Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the photovoltaic panel input circuit and is connected with a battery BAT-, a sampling resistor R22 is arranged ON the circuit, a polar electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected between the VCC pin and the COM pin of the U1 in parallel, the positive electrode of the C5 is connected with the VCC, the negative electrode is connected with the COM, the C5 is a bootstrap capacitor of the HO pin, the output voltage of the HO pin is raised, when Q1 is conducted, the Q3 is in an OFF state, the input voltage supplies power to the inductor L1 and the output capacitor in an auxiliary mode, when Q3 is conducted, the Q1 is cut OFF, the power is known according to lenz's law and the inductor current can not be changed suddenly, the inductor L1 supplies power to a load through the Q3, the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the relay K1, the pins 1 and 2 of the K1 are connected with the drain of the Q2, the grid of the Q2 is connected with a main control module PB1, namely, the LED ON/OFF control relay is connected with the LED ON-OFF-switch, the LED-ON-OFF relay, the relay is connected with the LED-OFF switch, when ON/OFF _ MPPT is at high level, Q2 is conducted, relay K1 is attracted, power supply forms a loop and starts working, and LED1 is lightened to prompt normal working. When there is a fault or the light is too weak, the solar output voltage is low and not suitable for working, and ON/OFF _ MPPT is low level.
As shown in fig. 4, the power OUTPUT module receives the battery voltage and steps down the battery voltage to a stable +12V OUTPUT voltage, XL1509 is used as a step-down IC, i.e., U3, the input VIN pin of U3 is connected to the battery, filter capacitors C22 and C24 are connected in parallel to the circuit, the FB pin of U3 is connected in series with a resistor R28 and an OUTPUT pin of U3, the FB pin is also connected in parallel with a resistor R30, the resistor R28 and the resistor R30 are voltage dividing resistors, the input and OUTPUT are filtered by capacitors, so that the OUTPUT ripple voltage is reduced, the reliability of power supply is improved, the reference voltage FB is 1.23V, the OUTPUT voltage is divided by R28 and R30, the OUTPUT duty ratio of the IC is controlled by the FB reference voltage, and the OUTPUT voltage can be maintained at +12V stable OUTPUT no matter when the OUTPUT voltage is loaded or unloaded.
As shown IN fig. 5, the internal power module receives the power output module output voltage +12V and steps down to +3.3V, and provides operating voltage as an internal circuit, the internal power module uses TL431 as a step-down IC, i.e., U4, the power VCC of U4 is connected to the FB of U3, the C-I-IN of U4 is connected to voltage-dividing resistors R34 and R43, a first end of the resistor R34 is connected to the S-E pin of U4 and connected IN series to the inductor L3, a second end of the resistor R34 is connected to a first end of the resistor R43, and the two resistors are connected IN parallel to capacitors C33 and C34;
as shown in fig. 7, the charging current sampling module is connected to the BUCK rectifying module to provide charging current sampling for the main control module, specifically, the charging current sampling module adopts an LM2094 amplifier, i.e., U2A, and U2A is connected to one end of a sampling resistor R22 in the same direction, i.e., IBAT +, and inputs the output voltage I _ PV _ MCU to the main control module through U2A to implement current sampling, and a clamp diode D8 is connected in parallel to the output of U2A to clamp the output voltage of the charging current sampling module, when the current is too large or the output is abnormal, the output voltage is clamped by 3.3V to prevent the single chip from being burned out, and one end of the clamp diode D8 is connected to the output end of the amplifier.
As shown in fig. 6, the short-circuit protection module is connected to the BUCK rectifier module, and hardware protection and software protection are implemented by a built-in comparator, the short-circuit protection module is implemented by using an LM2094 amplifier, that is, U5A and U5B, wherein U5A is connected to one end of a sampling resistor R22 in the same direction, that is, IBAT +, the circuit is connected in series with a resistor R40, U5A is connected in series with a resistor R42 in the reverse direction, U5A is connected in series with U5A output and resistors R45 and R38, U5A is connected in series with resistors R45 and R42 in the reverse direction according to +3.3V, so that the voltage at the reverse input is 0.16V when the voltage at the IBAT is greater than 0.16V, U5A outputs 3.3V, and the shutdown pin SD of U1 is at a high level, so as to block the output, when the output is short-circuited, the current is increased, and when the output current is greater than 16A, the hardware protection is implemented to close the output; U5B is connected with the turn-OFF pin SD of U1 through the equidirectional input, U5B is connected with the equidirectional/reverse input, U5B is output, U5B is output and is connected with the PB0 pin of U6, namely CURRENT-LIMIT, when the SD pin of U1 is 3.3V, U5B outputs 3.3V to a single chip microcomputer according to the comparator principle, software protection is achieved, ON/OFF _ MPPT, PWM1A _ PV and PMW1B _ PV are turned OFF, and the output is turned OFF completely. When the SD pin of U1 returns to low level, CURRENT-LIMIT is low level, and ON/OFF _ MPPT and PWM1A _ PV and PMW1B _ PV output are restored, and charging is restarted.
As shown in fig. 2 and 9, the main control module analyzes and calculates input voltage sampling, battery voltage sampling and current sampling, and controls the BUCK rectifying module, the main control module adopts STM32G030K6 as a control chip, i.e. U6, the main control module is connected with an LCD display screen for displaying battery information, specifically, an LCD display screen triode Q5, a resistor R50 is connected in parallel between an emitter and a base of the triode Q5, a resistor R51 is connected in series between a base of Q5 and connected to an LCD display screen analog power supply LCD VCC, a collector of Q5 is connected with an LCD display screen input power supply LCD _3.3V, an emitter of Q5 is connected with an internal power supply module output, an LCD display screen communication pin is connected with a display screen communication pin of the main control module, in the scheme, an LCD CS pin of the LCD display screen is connected with a PB7 pin of the main control module, an LCD RES pin of the LCD display screen is connected with a PB6 pin of the main control module, an LCD a pin 0 pin of the LCD display screen is connected with a PB8 pin of the main control module, the LCD D7 of the LCD display screen is connected with the PB3 pin of the main control module, the LCD D6 of the LCD display screen is connected with the PB5 pin of the main control module, and the LCD VCC of the LCD display screen is connected with the PB4 pin of the main control module; as shown in fig. 2, the main control module is further connected to a communication interface for program burning and debugging of the main control module, specifically, the communication interface is an SWD interface, SWDIO _1 of the SWD interface is connected to a pin PA13 of the main control module, SWDCLK _1 of the SWD interface is connected to a pin PA14 of the main control module, and the pins PA13 and PA14 are used as communication pins of the main control module and the communication interface; as shown in fig. 8, the main control module is connected with an NTC over-temperature protection component, the over-temperature protection component includes a resistor R29 and an NTC resistor, a first end of the resistor R29 is connected with the output of the internal power module, a second end of the resistor R29 is connected with the first end of the NTC resistor and is connected to a PA5 pin of the main control module, and the second end of the NTC resistor is grounded; as shown in fig. 10, the main control module is connected with a buzzer circuit for prompting a user, the buzzer circuit includes a buzzer BZ1, a resistor R47, a resistor R48, a resistor R49 and a triode Q4, the positive electrode of the buzzer BZ1 is connected in series with the resistor R47, the negative electrode of the buzzer BZ1 is connected with the collector of the triode Q4, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, the base of the triode Q4 is connected in series with the resistor R48 and is connected to the PA7 pin of the main control module, and a resistor R49 is connected in parallel between the resistor R48 and the base of the triode Q4.
Summarizing: the application circuit of the invention realizes synchronous rectification of the BUCK circuit through the IR2110S, so that the voltage output by the photovoltaic panel can be reduced to a proper voltage, and the charging efficiency is greatly improved. The high-precision current and voltage sampling circuit and the display screen are added, so that a user can visually see whether the battery is charged or not, and the charging power and the electric quantity of the battery are increased, and the battery is more humanized. Because short circuit, overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature protection exist, the safety and reliability of solar charging are greatly improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic board charge-discharge application circuit based on BUCK circuit which characterized in that includes:
the BUCK rectifying module: receiving input voltage of a photovoltaic panel, charging a battery after synchronous rectification and providing input voltage sampling and battery voltage sampling for the main control module;
a power output module: receiving the battery voltage and reducing the voltage into a stable output voltage;
an internal power supply module: receiving the output voltage of the power output module, reducing the voltage, and providing a working voltage as an internal circuit;
a charging current sampling module: the BUCK rectifying module is connected and used for providing charging current sampling for the main control module;
short-circuit protection module: the BUCK rectification module is connected, and hardware protection and software protection are realized through a built-in comparator;
the main control module: and analyzing and calculating input voltage sampling, battery voltage sampling and current sampling, and controlling the BUCK rectifying module.
2. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the main control module is connected with an LCD display screen and used for displaying battery information.
3. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the main control module is also connected with a communication interface for program burning and debugging of the main control module.
4. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the main control module is connected with an NTC over-temperature protection component and is used for realizing over-temperature protection of large-current charging.
5. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the main control module is connected with a buzzer circuit and used for prompting a user.
6. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the BUCK rectifying module is provided with a photovoltaic panel input circuit, the photovoltaic panel input circuit is provided with PV +, PV-which are correspondingly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic panel, and resistors R13 and R20 are connected between PV + and PV-in parallel and used for sampling input voltage.
7. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the BUCK rectification module is provided with an integrated drive, and a PWM output pin of the integrated drive is connected with a PWM input pin of the main control module.
8. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the integrated drive adopts IRS2110S monolithic integrated drive.
9. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the output of the BUCK rectifying module is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are connected with resistors R12 and R18 in parallel and used for sampling the voltage of the battery.
10. The photovoltaic panel charging and discharging application circuit based on the BUCK circuit is characterized in that: the charging current sampling module is provided with a clamping diode D8 for clamping the output voltage of the charging current sampling module.
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| CN202111276596.4A CN113991822A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Photovoltaic panel charge-discharge application circuit based on BUCK circuit |
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