CN113987833B - Vulnerability analysis method for concrete gravity dam target - Google Patents
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012038 vulnerability analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010230 functional analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention provides a vulnerability analysis method of a concrete gravity dam target, and belongs to the technical field of damage evaluation. The analysis method comprises the following steps: performing structural and functional analysis on the target gravity dam, and preliminarily establishing a damage standard and a damage grade; establishing a damage tree of each function of the target gravity dam; obtaining the damage rule of the parts and materials, and correcting and optimizing the damage standard and grade according to the damage rule; determining the physical damage of a target gravity dam caused by an attack weapon; according to the physical damage result, giving out the damage degree distribution of the system and the function; and finally, establishing a vulnerability analysis result display of the target gravity dam from the explosion point mode to the hit point mode and then to the aiming point mode. The invention obtains the total damage degree reduction condition of each system and each function of the concrete gravity dam target, and further displays the vulnerability analysis result through the explosion point mode, the hit point mode and the aiming point mode, thereby ensuring the scientificity and the accuracy of the result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of damage evaluation, and particularly relates to a vulnerability analysis method of a concrete gravity dam target.
Background
The term "target vulnerability" is an important concept in the field of weapon science and the field of damage assessment, and broadly refers to the difficulty level of damage caused by the target being found and attacked in a combat state, and the process of hit of the target and damage after hit need to be combined for analysis and calculation, where "damage" generally refers to the decrease of target combat efficacy; in a narrow sense, the sensitivity of a target to a damaging element or potential damaging effect of the target itself under a certain striking condition can be generally characterized and measured by vulnerable areas, damage probability and the like.
As a core component of damage evaluation, the target vulnerability research can provide a typical damage mode and a vulnerability structure of a battlefield target for damage efficiency evaluation work, give out weak links and vulnerability curves of the target under specific striking conditions, define damage criteria and criteria of specific components, and perfect damage grade and standard of the target. Meanwhile, a reliable guiding direction can be provided for warhead power parameter design and target structure protection optimization, and target characteristic data with high availability is provided for fire planning and combat decision research.
The development of vulnerability analysis technology and related research are important components of the construction of the damage evaluation capability of army, and with the continuous progress of modern technology and the continuous upgrading of war in local areas, military targets on battlefield are changed day by day, and the development of 'soft strength' such as chess deduction, damage evaluation, vulnerability analysis research and the like is also required to be actively promoted while the 'hard strength' of various arms and combat is continuously enhanced. Under the large background, the research on the vulnerability of the targets becomes more and more important and urgent, and the method has great significance for the development and the optimal design of weapons and ammunition, the research on the anti-damage characteristics of different targets and the like. In addition, the research of the target vulnerability has great significance and value for various aspects of efficiency evaluation, test acceptance, combat command and the like of an ammunition system.
Most of the related work of vulnerability at home and abroad is focused on the research on the fight targets of armored vehicles, airplanes, ships and the like, the attention on the engineering targets of buildings is less, the method for analyzing the vulnerability is different along with the change of the target types, and the research on heavy hydraulic buildings such as concrete gravity dams is rarely found. According to statistics of the international committee on dams, registration is carried out in month 4 of 2020, the number of global dams is 58713, wherein China accounts for 40.6% of the total world, and 23841 is totally adopted. Wherein, more than 30m of the roller compacted concrete gravity dam is built on a built dam to share 5191 seats, more than 100m of the roller compacted concrete gravity dam is built on a built dam to share 142 seats, and the roller compacted concrete gravity dam comprises 29 seats and 20 seats of general gravity dams. Generally, due to the structural design characteristics, the concrete gravity dam can basically resist the invasion of natural disasters, and when strong shock is encountered, transverse cracks can possibly be generated at the curtain and the dam body, so that the stability is reduced, but the stability is better as a whole, and the precedent of the gravity dam for the natural disasters or the annual repair failure does not appear in China.
Therefore, a complete and scientific damage assessment method is needed to guide fire planning and combat planning work and reduce negative effects and secondary disasters which may exist in extreme cases, but there is currently no effective and reasonable vulnerability analysis step and method for supporting related work of damage assessment in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vulnerability analysis method of a concrete gravity dam target, so as to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:
a vulnerability analysis method of a concrete gravity dam target comprises the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out structural and functional analysis on the target gravity dam;
Step 2: combining the specification and the general standard of the hydraulic building to preliminarily establish the damage standard and the damage grade;
Step 3: according to actual conditions, building a damage tree of each function of the target gravity dam;
Step 4: determining key components of each function according to the damage tree analysis;
step 5: the dynamic response of the key parts under the appointed load is researched by simulation analysis, theoretical calculation and experimental verification means, so that the damage rule of each key part and material is obtained;
Step 6: correcting and optimizing the damage standard and the damage grade according to the damage rule of the component;
step 7: based on the damage rule of the key parts, determining that a certain attack weapon can cause the physical damage of the target gravity dam;
Step 8: according to the physical damage result and the damage rule of the key parts, the target function damage result caused by the attack weapon is obtained, the damage degree distribution of the system and the function is given, and the single-bullet damage efficiency analysis of the target gravity dam is completed;
step 9: and establishing a vulnerability analysis result display of the target gravity dam from the explosion point mode to the hit point mode and then to the aiming point mode.
Preferably, the gravity dam function in the step1 comprises a water blocking function, a navigation function, a power generation function and a dam structural integrity function.
Preferably, the establishing of the damage standard in the step 2 is set based on the gravity dam function obtained by the analysis in the step 1.
Preferably, the damage tree in the step 3 comprises three levels of a system, a subsystem and a component, or comprises two levels of the system and the component.
Preferably, the key components in the step 4 are several components with the most obvious dynamic response and the most serious damage in the components of the bottom layer aiming at the attack weapon.
Preferably, the materials of the key components in the step 5 comprise concrete, steel, copper and aluminum; the key parts comprise a dam body structure, a pipeline structure, a thin wall structure, a gate structure, a pulley structure, a turbine structure and a bearing structure; the analysis process of the key components comprises numerical calculation which is completed by depending on LS-DYNA and AutoDyn simulation software, theoretical calculation which is completed by depending on an empirical formula and an engineering algorithm, experimental verification which is completed by depending on static explosion experiments and dynamic load experiments, and induction and evolution which are completed by depending on system science.
Preferably, the physical damage in the step 7 is determined according to the strength of the damage element caused by the attack weapon and the damage rule of the key component obtained in the step 5, and the physical damage comprises blasting pit formation, deflection, overpressure of shock waves at a specific position and anti-slip stability coefficient of the gravity dam.
Preferably, in the step 8, the physical damage in the step 7 is converted into the functional damage by combining the correspondence between the physical damage and the functional damage obtained in the step 5; after the functional damage carding of all key components is completed, the total damage degree reduction condition of each system and each function can be given by combining the damage grade corrected in the step 6.
Preferably, the explosion point mode in the step 9 is a damage condition that an incoming weapon directly appears at any position of the target gravity dam, and the explosion point in the explosion point mode covers all key components; step 7 and step 8 are completed for each explosion point, and the system and function damage degree reduction condition of the target gravity dam corresponding to the explosion point is obtained; the hit point mode comprises a hit mode and an penetration process, and each hit point is a comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of explosion points; the aiming point mode comprises aiming precision and trajectory precision, and each aiming point is the comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of hit points.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The vulnerability analysis method of the concrete gravity dam target adopts reasonable analysis steps and methods to obtain the total damage degree reduction condition of each system and each function of the concrete gravity dam target, and further displays the vulnerability analysis result through the explosion point mode, the hit point mode and the aiming point mode, thereby ensuring the scientificity and the accuracy of the result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general idea frame diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a functional damage tree for the structural integrity function of a dam.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a functional damage tree of the water blocking function.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a functional damage tree of the power generation function.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a functional damage tree for navigation functions.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of functional damage.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a burst mode.
Fig. 8 is a hit point mode schematic.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an aiming point mode.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for analyzing vulnerability of a concrete gravity dam target comprises the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out structural and functional analysis on the target gravity dam;
The gravity dam comprises a left bank slope dam section, a ship lift dam section, a cofferdam dam section, a flood discharge dam section, a factory building dam section and a right bank slope dam section; the gravity dam function comprises a water blocking function, a navigation function, a power generation function and a dam structure integrity function; the analysis process should comb the dam segment structure composition and function of the target gravity dam according to actual conditions.
Step 2: combining the specification and the general standard of the hydraulic building to preliminarily establish the damage standard and the damage grade;
The construction of the damage standard is based on the gravity dam function obtained by the analysis of the step 1, and as shown in the table 1, the table 2, the table 3 and the table 4, the damage grade and definition of the structural integrity function of the dam, the damage grade and definition of the water retaining function, the damage grade and definition of the power generation function and the damage grade and definition of the navigation function are respectively shown. It should be noted that the definition of the functional damage level can be modified according to the actual situation, but the damage level and the damage classification method should remain unchanged.
Table 1 dam structural integrity function failure rating and definition
TABLE 2 Water blocking function damage class and definition
TABLE 3 Power Generation function damage class and definition
TABLE 4 navigation function damage rating and definition
Step 3: according to actual conditions, building a damage tree of each function of the target gravity dam;
as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, the damage tree contains three levels of systems, subsystems, components, or as shown in fig. 2, the damage tree contains two levels of systems and components.
Step 4: determining key components of each function according to the damage tree analysis; for an incoming weapon, a plurality of parts with the most obvious dynamic response and the most serious damage are selected from the parts of the bottom layer and are determined as key parts.
Step 5: the dynamic response of the key parts under the appointed load is researched by means of simulation analysis, theoretical calculation, experimental verification and the like, so that the damage rule of each key part and material is obtained;
the materials, structures, operation principles and the like of the key components are different, so that the analysis processes are also different, but the analysis results can be expressed as the corresponding relation between physical damage and functional damage;
Materials for critical components typically include concrete, steel, copper, aluminum; the structure of the key components generally comprises a dam body structure, a pipeline structure, a thin wall structure, a gate structure, a pulley structure, a turbine structure and a bearing structure; the analysis process of the key components generally comprises numerical calculation which is completed by depending on simulation software such as LS-DYNA, autoDyn and the like, theoretical calculation which is completed by depending on an empirical formula and an engineering algorithm, experimental verification which is completed by depending on a static explosion experiment and a dynamic load experiment, and induction and evolution which are completed by depending on a system science.
Step 6: correcting and optimizing the damage standard and the damage grade according to the damage rule of the component;
and (3) correcting and optimizing the damage standard and definition which are initially established in the step (2) through researching the damage rule of the key parts.
Step 7: based on the damage rule of the key parts, determining that a certain attack weapon can cause the physical damage of the target gravity dam;
Determining the physical damage of the weapon to the target gravity dam according to the strength of the damage element (shock wave, fragment and heat energy) caused by the attack of the weapon and the damage rule of the key component obtained in the step 5; physical damage includes blasting pit formation, deflection, shock wave overpressure at a specific position and anti-slip stability coefficient of a gravity dam.
Step 8: according to the physical damage result and the damage rule of the key parts, the target function damage result caused by the attack weapon is obtained, the damage degree distribution of the system and the function is given, and the single-bullet damage efficiency analysis of the target gravity dam is completed;
As shown in fig. 6, after analyzing and calculating physical damage caused by single hit, the system and the function damage distribution are combined with damage criteria and damage conditions of target function damage, and based on the results, further calculation and display of the explosion point mode, the hit point mode and the aiming point mode can be completed.
Combining the corresponding relation between the physical damage and the functional damage obtained in the step 5, and converting the physical damage in the step 7 into the functional damage; after the functional damage carding of all key components is completed, the damage grade definition corrected in the step 6 is combined to give the total damage degree reduction condition of each system and each function.
Step 9: and establishing a vulnerability analysis result display of the target gravity dam from the explosion point mode to the hit point mode and then to the aiming point mode.
The explosion point mode only considers the damage condition that an attack weapon directly appears at any position of a target gravity dam, and does not consider the problems of a striking mode, an penetration process and the like, and in the mode, the explosion point normally covers all key parts; step 7 and step 8 are completed for each explosion point, and the system and function damage degree reduction condition of the target gravity dam corresponding to the explosion point is obtained; the hit point mode needs to consider the hit mode and the penetration process, but does not consider the aiming precision and the trajectory precision, and each hit point is the comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of explosion points; aiming point mode considers aiming precision and trajectory precision, and each aiming point is the comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of hit points.
Referring to fig. 7-9, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a blast pattern that analyzes, calculates and displays functional damage caused by blast loads at various locations of a target without regard to trajectory and weapon impact patterns. The position of the point is the detonating point, and the size and color of the point represent the damage grade and the damage type. In fig. 7, black represents a functional failure, dark gray represents a functional failure, light gray represents a functional failure, and the volumes of the dots are respectively represented by heavy, medium and light from large to small, and the representation forms of the dots in other modes are consistent. It should be noted that the function A, B, C in this description needs to be determined according to the target of actual analysis, such as a power generation function, a flood discharge function, an irrigation function, and the like.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hit point mode, wherein the hit point mode is based on the burst point mode, and is added with the random of attack weapon penetration trajectory calculation, fuze triggering mode and time and penetration process, so as to analyze, calculate and display all possible function damages caused by hit points of the weapon. The position of the point is the detonating point, and the size and color of the point represent the damage grade and the damage type. In fact, hit point patterns are data integration based on the results of the burst point pattern calculations.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an aiming pattern that analyzes, calculates and demonstrates the single shot damage performance of an aiming point at or around a target surface based on blast and hit patterns, taking full account of the effects of ballistic errors and weapon characteristics. On the basis, if the aiming point is taken as a reference, the situation that the aiming point is at different positions of the target is considered, and the single-bullet damage efficiency distribution of the aiming point mode can be obtained.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for analyzing the vulnerability of the concrete gravity dam target is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1: carrying out structural and functional analysis on the target gravity dam;
Step 2: combining the specification and the general standard of the hydraulic building to preliminarily establish the damage standard and the damage grade;
Step 3: according to actual conditions, building a damage tree of each function of the target gravity dam;
Step 4: determining key components of each function according to the damage tree analysis;
step 5: the dynamic response of the key parts under the appointed load is researched by simulation analysis, theoretical calculation and experimental verification means, so that the damage rule of each key part and material is obtained;
Step 6: correcting and optimizing the damage standard and the damage grade according to the damage rule of the component;
step 7: based on the damage rule of the key parts, determining that a certain attack weapon can cause the physical damage of the target gravity dam;
Step 8: according to the physical damage result and the damage rule of the key parts, the target function damage result caused by the attack weapon is obtained, the damage degree distribution of the system and the function is given, and the single-bullet damage efficiency analysis of the target gravity dam is completed;
Step 9: establishing a vulnerability analysis result display of a target gravity dam from an explosion point mode to a hit point mode and then to an aiming point mode;
The gravity dam function in the step 1 comprises a water retaining function, a navigation function, a power generation function and a dam structure integrity function;
The establishment of the damage standard in the step 2 is set based on the gravity dam function obtained by analysis in the step 1;
The damage tree in the step 3 comprises three levels of a system, a subsystem and a component, or comprises two levels of the system and the component;
the key components in the step 4 are a plurality of components with the most obvious dynamic response and the most serious damage in the components at the bottom layer aiming at the attack weapon;
The materials of the key components in the step 5 comprise concrete, steel, copper and aluminum; the key parts comprise a dam body structure, a pipeline structure, a thin wall structure, a gate structure, a pulley structure, a turbine structure and a bearing structure; the analysis process of the key components comprises numerical calculation which is finished by depending on LS-DYNA and AutoDyn simulation software, theoretical calculation which is finished by depending on an empirical formula and an engineering algorithm, experimental verification which is finished by depending on static explosion experiments and dynamic load experiments, and induction and evolution which is finished by depending on system science;
In the step 7, the physical damage is determined according to the strength of the damage element caused by the attack weapon and the damage rule of the key component obtained in the step 5, and the physical damage comprises the explosion pit formation, deflection, overpressure of shock waves at specific positions and anti-slip stability coefficient of the gravity dam.
2. The method for analyzing vulnerability of concrete gravity dam object according to claim 1, wherein the physical damage in step 7 is converted into functional damage by combining the correspondence between the physical damage and the functional damage obtained in step 5 in step 8; after the functional damage carding of all key components is completed, the total damage degree reduction condition of each system and each function can be given by combining the damage grade corrected in the step 6.
3. The method for analyzing vulnerability of concrete gravity dam target according to claim 2, wherein the explosion point mode in the step 9 is a damage condition that an attack weapon directly appears at any position of the target gravity dam, and explosion points in the explosion point mode cover all key components; step 7 and step 8 are completed for each explosion point, and the system and function damage degree reduction condition of the target gravity dam corresponding to the explosion point is obtained; the hit point mode comprises a hit mode and an penetration process, and each hit point is a comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of explosion points; the aiming point mode comprises aiming precision and trajectory precision, and each aiming point is the comprehensive calculation result of a plurality of hit points.
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