CN112131749A - Damage assessment method for tank target - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
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- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a damage assessment method for a tank target, which comprises the steps of firstly calculating the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the tank target according to characteristic parameters of a warhead, then calculating the vulnerability of each bottom layer part of a tank functional system, and then obtaining damage grade probability data of the bottom layer part of a tank damage tree model according to expert comprehensive analysis in the field by combining a damage grade criterion table; determining weight vectors of the proportion occupied by a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system of the tank on the whole tank target by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; carrying out fuzzy comprehensive operation and an analytic hierarchy process by adopting a multiplication and bounding operator to obtain damage grade probability characteristic vectors of the whole tank target; and then obtaining the overall damage degree S of the tank target by utilizing the damage grade cloud model. The evaluation method can obtain a reliable reply after the target is attacked during the battle, and provides reference for the subsequent battle deployment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of damage assessment, and particularly relates to a tank target damage assessment method.
Background
With the deep research of informatization, intellectualization and scientization, the modern war considers not only the defeat, but also needs to realize the minimum material consumption, the minimum casualties and the minimum operation time to the maximum, which becomes the research focus of the modern military. In order to minimize the material consumption, the damage degree of the target of the counterpart after one round of weapon attack by the counterpart must be timely and accurately evaluated. Therefore, the dynamic state of the battlefield is mastered, the battle deployment is optimized, and a powerful reference is provided for selecting whether the target needs to be subjected to secondary attack or not.
The tank, the king of land battle, not only has direct fire power, cross-country ability but also has the crawler-type combat vehicle of armor power. The anti-tank has the advantages of being capable of protecting own fighter, suppressing and eliminating anti-tank weapons, destroying work and doing away on-land forces of enemies. The tank as the main battle, whether now or in the future, can be the most important and most difficult target to destroy on the land battlefield, and occupies an irreplaceable position. Therefore, it becomes important to study the damage situation of the tank after the attack. Currently, in the field of damage assessment, academic circles propose many related damage assessment methods according to different striking situations. The common models comprise an analytic hierarchy process, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and a Bayesian network method. The analytic hierarchy process has the advantages of strong systematicness, simple decision and small data volume. The method has the disadvantages of strong subjectivity, less quantitative data, limitation to the existing scheme and incapability of providing a new scheme; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has the advantage of providing quantitative indexes for scientization, rationalization and practicability of the fuzzy information. The disadvantage is that the problem of repeated evaluation cannot be solved due to the correlation between the indexes. The calculation weight is also complex, and the determination of the index weight vector is more subjective; the Bayesian network method has the advantages that the uncertainty problem can be well inferred and calculated, and meanwhile, the relationship among data is described by using a graph method, so that the method is clear and easy to understand. Although the bayesian network has a more formed parameter learning theory, the parameter learning generally obeys a plurality of fixed probability distributions, but the rationality and the accuracy are difficult to evaluate. Therefore, research and development of a comprehensive assessment model are needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of damage assessment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a damage assessment method for a tank target, which is used for assessing the damage condition of an attack order to a tank system. The evaluation method has high accuracy and good reliability of evaluation results, and provides technical support for protective armor arrangement and combat deployment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: designing a damage assessment method for a tank target, wherein the assessment method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead according to the characteristic parameters of the warhead; the battle comprises armor piercing bombs, armor breaking bombs and grenades; the characteristic parameters comprise geometric characteristics, physical parameters and bullet meeting parameters; the geometric characteristics comprise head shape, bullet length and diameter, the physical parameters comprise bullet weight, shell thickness, charge type and equivalent TNT quality, and the bullet-target interaction parameters comprise target landing speed and impact angle.
Step 2: build the outside structure chart of tank according to the type of tank, mark the vulnerable position of the bottom part of the protection system, fire control system, moving system and the control system of tank and carry out the envelope with simple geometry (cuboid, cylinder, spheroid etc.), establish the damage tree model of tank according to the bottom part of each functional system of tank. Simulating by a Monte Carlo method according to the attack aiming point to obtain an impact point; and combining the impact point and the impact angle, solving the vulnerability coefficient xi of each bottom layer part according to the ratio of the area of the vulnerable position of the bottom layer part of the tank to the expected attacked area, and judging the vulnerability of the bottom layer part according to the vulnerability coefficient xi.
And step 3: and (3) according to a general damage grade criterion table, combining the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead calculated in the step 1 and the vulnerability coefficient xi of the bottom layer parts of the different functional systems of the tank calculated in the step 2, and combining the expert comprehensive analysis in the field to obtain the damage grade probability data of the bottom layer parts of the tank damage tree model.
And 4, step 4: and determining weight vectors of the proportion occupied by the protection system, the fire control system, the motion system and the control system of the tank on the whole tank target by adopting an analytic hierarchy process.
And 5: respectively establishing fuzzy relation matrixes of bottom layer components of each functional system according to the damage level probability data of the bottom layer components of the tank damage tree model obtained in the step 3, and performing fuzzy comprehensive operation by adopting multiplication and bounding operators to obtain damage level probability feature vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system; and (4) establishing a fuzzy relation matrix of each functional system by using the damage level probability characteristic vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system, and combining the weight vectors of the proportion occupied by each functional system on the whole tank target obtained in the step (4) to obtain the damage level probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target.
Step 6: establishing a damage grade cloud model, taking the damage grade probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target obtained in the step 5 as the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model to obtain a damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, combining the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model and the damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, and calculating S ═ mu · betaTAnd obtaining the overall damage degree S of the tank target.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the damage assessment method for the tank target disclosed by the invention can obtain a reliable reply after the target is attacked during combat and provide reference for subsequent combat deployment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a tank damage tree model according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein ω is a damage weight ratio of the corresponding bottom layer component or functional system at the corresponding layer; when it is the bottom component, then ω is the damage weight ratio within the functional system in which it is located; when the functional system is the real-time system, omega is the damage weight ratio of each functional system on the whole tank target; that is, may be the functional system identifier A, B, C, D, or the a1, a2, A3, and other underlying component identifiers;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vulnerable location of a tower according to an embodiment of the evaluation method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an attacked surface in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the impact point of one embodiment of the evaluation method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a damage level cloud model diagram according to an embodiment of the evaluation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a damage assessment method (for short, assessment method) for a tank target, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead according to the characteristic parameters of the warhead; the battle comprises armor piercing bombs, armor breaking bombs and grenades; the characteristic parameters comprise geometric characteristics, physical parameters and bullet meeting parameters; the geometric characteristics comprise head shape, bullet length and diameter, the physical parameters comprise bullet weight, shell thickness, charge type and equivalent TNT quality, and the bullet-target interaction parameters comprise target landing speed and impact angle.
Step 2: build the outside structure chart of tank according to the type of tank, mark the vulnerable position of the bottom part of the protection system, fire control system, moving system and the control system of tank and carry out the envelope with simple geometry (cuboid, cylinder, spheroid etc.), establish the damage tree model of tank according to the bottom part of each functional system of tank (see figure 1). Simulating by a Monte Carlo method according to the attack aiming point to obtain an impact point; and combining the impact point and the impact angle, solving the vulnerability coefficient xi of each bottom layer part according to the ratio of the area of the vulnerable position of the bottom layer part of the tank to the expected attacked area, and judging the vulnerability of the bottom layer part according to the vulnerability coefficient xi.
And step 3: and (3) according to a general damage grade criterion table, combining the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead calculated in the step 1 and the vulnerability coefficient xi of the bottom layer parts of the different functional systems of the tank calculated in the step 2, and combining the expert comprehensive analysis in the field to obtain the damage grade probability data of the bottom layer parts of the tank damage tree model.
And 4, step 4: and determining weight vectors of the proportion occupied by the protection system, the fire control system, the motion system and the control system of the tank on the whole tank target by adopting an analytic hierarchy process.
And 5: respectively establishing fuzzy relation matrixes of bottom layer components of each functional system according to the damage level probability data of the bottom layer components of the tank damage tree model obtained in the step 3, and performing fuzzy comprehensive operation by adopting multiplication and bounding operators to obtain damage level probability feature vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system; and (4) establishing a fuzzy relation matrix of each functional system by using the damage level probability characteristic vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system, and combining the weight vectors of the proportion occupied by each functional system on the whole tank target obtained in the step (4) to obtain the damage level probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target.
Step 6: establishing a damage grade cloud model, taking the damage grade probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target obtained in the step 5 as the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model to obtain a damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, combining the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model and the damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, and calculating S ═ mu · betaTAnd obtaining the overall damage degree S of the tank target.
Example 1
In a certain battle, a armor piercing bomb is adopted to attack the side surface of a certain main battle tank. The assessment method of the invention establishes a vulnerability model aiming at the characteristic parameters of the armor-piercing projectile and the armor protection capability of the tank, and finally obtains the damage condition of the tank. The commander advises whether a second attack is needed or not.
The embodiment provides a damage assessment method (referred to as assessment method for short) for a tank target, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the armor piercing bullet according to the characteristic parameters of the armor piercing bullet; geometric characteristics: sharp-pointed head, the bullet length 980mm, diameter 120mm, physical parameters: the bullet weight is 20.5kg, the shell thickness is 48mm, the charge type TNT and the equivalent TNT mass is 6kg, and the bullet mesh intersection parameters comprise a target landing speed of 1500m/s and a bullet landing angle of 10 degrees.
Armor piercing bombs are kinetic energy bombs, and are damaged by penetrating armor through high-speed flight kinetic energy obtained by long-tube artillery launching. The destructive effect on the target mainly comprises penetration effect and secondary fragment effect. The armor piercing capacity of the armor piercing bullet is calculated by using a deformation form of a German-Mark equation.
Wherein b represents the penetration target thickness dm; vcRepresents the target speed, m/s; m represents the initial mass of the projectile, kg; d represents the mean projectile diameter, dm; theta is the impact angle and represents the angle between the shot incidence direction and the normal of the surface of the impact point. The armor piercing bulletproof capability coefficient K represents the comprehensive coefficient of the physical properties of armor materials and is generally 2500.
The total number N of fragments formed by the projectile after explosion and the distribution rule of the mass of the fragments are marks for measuring the breaking degree of the projectile and are important basis for calculating the killing effect of the projectile. In engineering calculation, the total number N of fragments above 1g is calculated by the following empirical formula:
wherein M is the sum of the mass of the projectile metal and the mass of the explosive, and the unit is kg;
alpha-explosive loading coefficient, wherein alpha is M/M, and M is explosive mass and is expressed in kg.
The above formula is suitable for the projectile and the warhead with large shell wall thickness (the shell thickness is more than 16 mm).
For a thinner shell wall, TNT explosive loaded projectile and warhead, the number of fragments can be approximated by the following equation:
where γ -radius in the shell, mm;
l-housing length, mm;
shell thickness, mm.
The estimated value calculation formula of the average fragment mass is as follows:
in the formula, ms-the quality of the metal shell;
k, the shell mass loss coefficient, is between 0.80 and 0.85.
The general steel integral shell is approximately rectangular after being fully broken, and the ratio of the length, the width and the thickness of the general steel integral shell is about 5:2: 1. The empirical formula of the fragment mass distribution rule is as follows:
in the formula, miMass of not more than mfiG, total fragment mass;
mfi-mass of any fragment greater than 1g, g;
B. α -depending on the constants of the shell material, 0.0454 and 0.8 for steel materials, respectively.
Step 2: build the outside structure chart of tank according to the type of tank, mark the vulnerable position of the bottom part of the protection system, fire control system, moving system and the control system of tank and carry out the envelope with simple geometry (cuboid, cylinder, spheroid etc.), establish the damage tree model of tank according to the bottom part of each functional system of tank (see figure 1). Simulating by a Monte Carlo method according to the attack aiming point to obtain an impact point; and combining the impact point and the impact angle, solving the vulnerability coefficient xi of each bottom layer part according to the ratio of the area of the vulnerable position of the bottom layer part of the tank to the expected attacked area, and judging the vulnerability of the bottom layer part according to the vulnerability coefficient xi.
The tank target is mainly divided into a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system. The tank protection function system mainly comprises a vehicle body armor, a gun tower armor and a three-proofing device; the fire control system mainly comprises an automatic filling machine, ammunition, a tower platform and a turret motor; the main parts of the motion system comprise an engine, a gearbox, a crawler belt, a cockpit and an oil tank; the control system mainly comprises an observation aiming subsystem, a gun control subsystem, a computer and a sensor. The tank damage tree model constructed as described above is shown in fig. 1.
The four systems of tank targets are not vulnerable to damage anywhere, nor are they subject to attack on any side. The area of a single part forming the four functional systems, which is sensitive to the damage element, is called the vulnerable area, and the ratio of the vulnerable area of the part to the presented area of the part is expressed by using a vulnerability coefficient xi. The vulnerability coefficient is represented by a value between (0,1), with larger values of ξ indicating that the part is more vulnerable.
Taking the tower as an example, the vulnerability coefficient of the part is calculated. First, the turret table was enveloped by a rectangular parallelepiped, and the analysis was performed using a rectangular parallelepiped instead of the turret table, as shown in fig. 2. In this embodiment, the aiming point is a coordinate origin O as shown in fig. 4, a monte carlo method is used to combine the circle probability deviation and the aiming point coordinate to generate a random drop point, the drop point distribution of the armor piercing projectile follows two-dimensional normal distribution, and the model is:
in the formula (1), (x)t，yt，ht) Zeta is an empirical coefficient related to an attacking weapon, a general nuclear attack is 1, a non-nuclear attack is less than 1, CEP is a round probability deviation of the weapon, and Zeta is the coordinate of an aiming point of the weapon1、ζ2Are random variables which are independent of each other and are uniformly distributed on (0, 1).
Obtaining the impact point of the armor-piercing projectile as the position of the point A in the figure 4;
assuming that all the remaining 5 surfaces of the turret except the bottom surface are likely to be attacked at 0 ° to 45 °, the normal direction and the impact angle θ direction were taken for analysis, and as shown in fig. 3, a normal phase cross-sectional view of the attacked surface was shown. The exposed area of the tower at this time is
Ap＝S5+4S5cosθ
In the formula, S5Represents the sum of the areas of 5 surfaces except the bottom surface, and has an angle theta of 0-45 DEG, and an impact angle theta of 10 DEG in the present embodiment
With A0Represents a vulnerable area of the turret table at normal incidence (θ ═ 0 °) of the armor piercing projectile, aθThe vulnerable area of the tower when the tower is incident at an angle theta is shown, and the total vulnerable area of the tower is shown by AK. If the tower in fig. 2 has three vulnerable areas, the vulnerable areas of the tower have the following relationship:
the vulnerability coefficient of the tower can thus be obtained: xi is AK/AP
As shown in fig. 3, when the thickness of the deck is, if the thickness needed to penetrate the deck is attacked along the normal direction, but if the attack is performed in the angle θ direction, the equivalent penetration thickness of the deck will become large, and the attack difficulty is increased when the equivalent thickness is/cos θ.
And step 3: and (3) according to a general damage grade criterion table, combining the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the armor piercing projectile calculated in the step 1 and the vulnerability coefficient xi of the bottom layer part of the tank with different functional systems calculated in the step 2, and combining the expert comprehensive analysis in the field to obtain the damage grade probability data of the bottom layer part of the tank damage tree model.
Table 1 damage grade criterion table
The general damage level criterion table is shown in table 1, and damage level probability data of bottom layer components of each functional system of the tank is obtained by combining the armor piercing capability and the number of fragments of armor piercing bullets of a plurality of experts in the field and the vulnerability coefficient ξ analysis of the bottom layer components of each functional system of the tank in an averaging mode, and is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 damage level probability of underlying components of functional system
And 4, step 4: and determining weight vectors of the proportion occupied by the protection system, the fire control system, the motion system and the control system of the tank on the whole tank target by adopting an analytic hierarchy process.
Specifically, a 9-scale judgment scale of the analytic hierarchy process is adopted to determine a weight vector of the proportion occupied by each functional system for the whole tank target. The protection system, the fire control system, the motion system and the control system of the selected tank target are compared pairwise, the greater the ratio is, the higher the importance degree of the numerator to the denominator is, and a judgment matrix E is constructed according to the importance degrees of the functions and the fighting conditions, wherein u in the table is shown as follows1，u2，u3，u4Respectively, a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system.
Solving the weight by adopting a maximum eigenvalue method, namely solving the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrix EmaxAnd (4) normalizing the corresponding feature vector omega to obtain a weight vector marked as A.
Aω＝λmaxω
In order to ensure the coordination among all the factors in the judgment matrix E and prevent contradiction among all the factors caused by subjective qualitative judgment of people, consistency check is required.
In the formula, n is the number of components in the judgment matrix E, the RI value can be obtained by looking up a table, and according to the order of the judgment matrix E being 4, the corresponding RI value is 0.89.
When CR is less than or equal to 0.1, passing consistency check, otherwise, revising again.
The weight vector A of the proportion occupied by the above function systems to the whole tank target is as follows:
A＝[ωA ωB ωC ωD]＝[0.1581 0.3090 0.4142 0.1186]。
the consistency check result CR of the judgment matrix E is 0.0495< 0.1.
And 5: respectively establishing fuzzy relation matrixes of bottom layer components of each functional system according to the damage level probability data of the bottom layer components of the tank damage tree model obtained in the step 3, and performing fuzzy comprehensive operation by adopting multiplication and bounding operators to obtain damage level probability feature vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system; and (4) establishing a fuzzy relation matrix of each functional system by using the damage level probability characteristic vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system, and combining the weight vectors of the proportion occupied by each functional system on the whole tank target obtained in the step (4) to obtain the damage level probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target.
Specifically, a factor domain to be evaluated is established and is marked as U. Assuming p subsets to be evaluated, U ═ U1,u2,…,up}. The ith subset ui＝{ui1,ui2,…,uikAnd (i is 1,2, …, p), and if n factors exist in the lowest layer, the method is implemented
In this embodiment, there are four subsets to be evaluated, i.e., a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system, and a control system, so P is 4. This exampleIn the fire control system, the factors refer to bottom layer components of four functional systems of the tank, and the number of the bottom layer components included in each functional system is a value of n, for example, the fire control system includes four bottom layer components of an automatic loader, ammunition, a tower and a turret motor, so that the number of the factors of the subset corresponding to the fire protection system is 4.
And establishing a tank target damage discourse field, and recording the field as V. The system of the tank target is complex, the main constituent factors are numerous, and the damage degree distinguishing boundary has certain ambiguity. According to the damaged state of the bottom layer components of the four functional systems of the tank, damage is divided into four grades: i mild damage, II moderate damage, III severe damage, IV damage, then V ═ V1，v2，v3，v4}。
Establishing fuzzy relation matrix R of bottom layer componenti：
Matrix RiR inijRepresents a subset uiThe i-th factor in (1), the damage condition is the V-th factor in (V)jThe likelihood of the rank is large. Damage probability matrix R of underlying componentiAnd (4) obtaining the damage grade probability data of the bottom layer component obtained in the step (3). The damage probability matrix R of each functional system is obtained by fuzzy comprehensive judgment according to the damage probability matrix of the bottom layer component.
Taking the fire control system as an example, a fuzzy relation matrix R is established according to the damage grade probability data of the bottom layer component obtained in the step 32：
Carrying out fuzzy comprehensive operation by adopting multiplication and bounded operators to obtain damage level probability characteristic vector B of bottom layer components of the fire control system2：
In the above formula, A2Is a matrix R2The weight vector of (a) is obtained by using the analytic hierarchy process as described in step 4.
Similarly, a damage grade probability characteristic vector B of bottom layer components of three functional systems of a tank target protection system, a motion system and a control system is obtained1、B3、B4Thus, a fuzzy relation matrix R of four functional systems of the tank is constructed:
and (4) calculating damage level probability characteristic vectors B of the four functional systems of the tank target by using the weight vector A of the proportion occupied by each functional system to the whole tank target obtained in the step (0.15810.30900.41420.1186):
B＝A·R＝[0.4628 0.2778 0.1362 0.1231]
step 6: establishing a damage grade cloud model, taking the damage grade probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target obtained in the step 5 as the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model to obtain a damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, combining the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model and the damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, and calculating S ═ mu · betaTAnd obtaining the overall damage degree S of the tank target.
Specifically, firstly, a damage level cloud model is established: four damage degree score ranges are defined, with the score S being greater and the damage degree more severe, defined in percent. The I is slight damage, S is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10, the II is moderate damage, S is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 30, the III is severe damage, S is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 60, and the IV destroys, S is more than or equal to 60 and less than or equal to 100. The four damage levels are converted into a cloud model, similar to the 3 sigma principle in normal distribution, the probability of numerical distribution in (mu-3 sigma, mu +3 sigma) is 0.9974, and the 3En principle is followed in the cloud model. Setting a damage degree score S interval as [ a, b ], and determining three important parameters of the cloud model by adopting an index approximation method:
in the formula: omega is generally 0.05En～0.15EnIn this example, 0.1E is takenn；
The four damage level cloud parameters calculated by the above formula are shown in table 3, and the damage cloud model is shown in fig. 5.
TABLE 3 cloud model parameter Table
And taking the damage level probability feature vector B of the four functional systems of the tank target obtained in the step five as the certainty factor of the cloud model, namely mu-B-0.46280.27780.13620.1231, and inputting the certainty factor into the respective reverse cloud models. And (3) obtaining the intersection point of the right half of the two cloud model with high certainty degree and the intersection point of the left half of the two cloud model with low certainty degree to obtain the damage value vector beta of the four damage levels of the whole tank target [ 6.99125.6154.9766.98 ].
The damage degree S of the whole tank target is mu betaT＝23.3866。
According to the established damage grade cloud model, the attack tank target is moderately damaged and does not reach the expected effect of battle, and secondary attack is needed.
The above examples are only given to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The bottom layer components related to the invention are all components formed by all the functional systems listed in the figure 1.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. A damage assessment method for a tank target is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: calculating the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead according to the characteristic parameters of the warhead; the battle comprises armor piercing bombs, armor breaking bombs and grenades; the characteristic parameters comprise geometric characteristics, physical parameters and bullet meeting parameters; the geometric characteristics comprise the shape of the head, the length of the bullet and the diameter of the bullet, the physical parameters comprise the weight of the bullet, the thickness of the shell, the type of the charge and the quality of equivalent TNT, and the parameters of bullet-target interaction comprise the landing speed and the landing angle;
step 2: establishing a tank external structure diagram according to the type of the tank, marking the vulnerable positions of bottom layer parts of a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system of the tank, enveloping by using a simple geometric body, and establishing a tank damage tree model according to the bottom layer parts of each functional system of the tank; simulating by a Monte Carlo method according to the attack aiming point to obtain an impact point; combining the impact point and the impact angle, solving the vulnerability coefficient xi of each bottom layer part according to the ratio of the area of the vulnerable position of the bottom layer part of the tank to the expected attacked area, and judging the vulnerability of the bottom layer part according to the vulnerability coefficient xi;
and step 3: according to a general damage grade criterion table, combining the armor piercing capacity and the number of fragments of the warhead calculated in the step 1 and the vulnerability coefficient xi of the bottom layer parts of different functional systems of the tank calculated in the step 2, and combining the expert comprehensive analysis in the field to obtain damage grade probability data of the bottom layer parts of the tank damage tree model;
and 4, step 4: determining weight vectors of the proportion occupied by a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system of the tank on the whole tank target by adopting an analytic hierarchy process;
and 5: respectively establishing fuzzy relation matrixes of bottom layer components of each functional system according to the damage level probability data of the bottom layer components of the tank damage tree model obtained in the step 3, and performing fuzzy comprehensive operation by adopting multiplication and bounding operators to obtain damage level probability feature vectors of the bottom layer components of each functional system; establishing fuzzy relation matrixes of the functional systems by using damage level probability characteristic vectors of bottom layer components of the functional systems, and acquiring damage level probability characteristic vectors B of the whole tank target by combining the weight vectors of the specific weight occupied by the functional systems on the whole tank target obtained in the step 4;
step 6: establishingAnd (3) a damage grade cloud model, wherein the damage grade probability characteristic vector B of the whole tank target obtained in the step (5) is used as the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model to obtain a damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target, and the certainty factor mu of the damage grade cloud model and the damage value vector beta of the damage grade of the whole tank target are combined to calculate S ═ mu-betaTAnd obtaining the overall damage degree S of the tank target.
2. The damage assessment method for a tank target according to claim 1, wherein when the warhead is a armor piercing bullet, the armor piercing ability of the armor piercing bullet is calculated using a delta-march's deformation form;
wherein b represents the penetration target thickness dm; vcRepresents the target speed, m/s; m represents the initial mass of the projectile, kg; d represents the mean projectile diameter, dm; theta is a projectile angle and represents an included angle between the incident direction of the projectile and the normal of the surface of a projectile point; the armor piercing bulletproof capacity coefficient K represents a comprehensive coefficient of physical properties of the armor material, and 2500 is taken;
the total number N of fragments above 1g is calculated by adopting the following empirical formula:
wherein M is the sum of the mass of the projectile metal and the mass of the explosive, and the unit is kg;
alpha-explosive loading coefficient, wherein alpha is M/M, and M is explosive mass and is expressed in kg.
3. The damage assessment method for a tank target according to claim 1, wherein said simple geometric body is a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a sphere.
4. The damage assessment method for a tank target according to claim 1, wherein the analytic hierarchy process in step 4 adopts 9-scale judgment scale.
5. The damage assessment method for the tank target as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 4 is: selecting a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system of the tank target, comparing the protection system, the fire control system, the motion system and the control system in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix E according to the importance degree of functions and the battle conditions as shown in the table u1、u2、u3、u4Respectively represent a protection system, a fire control system, a motion system and a control system;
solving the weight by adopting a maximum eigenvalue method, namely solving the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrix EmaxCorresponding feature vectors omega, and after normalization processing of the feature vectors, weight vectors are obtained and are marked as A;
Aω＝λmaxω
in order to ensure the coordination among all the factors in the judgment matrix E and prevent contradiction among all the factors caused by subjective qualitative judgment of people, consistency inspection is required;
in the formula, n is the number of the components in the judgment matrix E, the RI value is obtained by table look-up, and the corresponding RI value is 0.89 according to the order of the judgment matrix E being 4;
when CR is less than or equal to 0.1, passing consistency check, otherwise, revising again;
the weight vector A of the proportion occupied by the above function systems to the whole tank target is as follows:
A＝[ωA ωB ωC ωD]＝[0.1581 0.3090 0.4142 0.1186]；
the consistency check result CR of the judgment matrix E is 0.0495< 0.1.
6. The damage assessment method for tank targets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process of establishing the damage level cloud model in step 6 is:
defining the score ranges of the four damage degrees, wherein the larger the score S is, the more serious the damage degree is; i, mild damage, wherein S is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10, moderate damage is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 30, severe damage III is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 60, and destruction IV is more than or equal to 60 and less than or equal to 100; converting the four damage levels into a cloud model, and following the 3En principle, the probability of numerical distribution in (mu-3 sigma, mu +3 sigma) is 0.9974; setting a damage degree score S interval as [ a, b ], and determining three important parameters of the cloud model by adopting an index approximation method:
in the formula: omega is 0.1En。
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