CN113984439B - Automatic underwater sediment sampling device - Google Patents
Automatic underwater sediment sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113984439B CN113984439B CN202111597407.3A CN202111597407A CN113984439B CN 113984439 B CN113984439 B CN 113984439B CN 202111597407 A CN202111597407 A CN 202111597407A CN 113984439 B CN113984439 B CN 113984439B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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Abstract
The application provides an automatic sampling device of sediment under water belongs to water quality monitoring and sampling device technical field, and the device includes: the device comprises a submersible, a lifting mechanism, a sampling component and a sample cylinder. The lifting mechanism is arranged on the submersible and is provided with a push-pull rod. Elevating system is located to the sampling part, and the sampling part includes dustcoat and installation pipe, and the installation pipe top is equipped with the slip lid, and the top surface of slip lid is equipped with locking mechanism, and the inside top surface of dustcoat is equipped with takes off and hangs the mechanism. The sample tube upwards wears to locate the installation pipe from the installation socle portion, and the sample tube includes sealed lid, and sealed lid detachable locates the slip lid bottom before the sampling. After the lower end of the push-pull rod is connected with the locking mechanism, the sliding cover is controlled to move up and down so as to press the sealing cover into the sample cylinder; the releasing mechanism is matched with the locking mechanism to separate the push-pull rod from the locking mechanism. The automatic underwater sediment sampling device can accurately find a proper sampling position and ensure the integrity, the representativeness and the effectiveness of a sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality monitoring and sampling devices, and particularly relates to an automatic underwater sediment sampling device.
Background
In the processes of environmental monitoring, scientific research and the like, sediment samplers are needed for collecting sediments of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, oceans and the like, sampling work is carried out by utilizing physical properties in common use at present, and cone samplers, drill bit samplers, cantilever type samplers and the like are generally used for collecting surface samples of sandy sediments. The surface samples of the pebble sediments are generally sampled by using spade-type samplers and clam-type samplers. The columnar sampler is mainly suitable for layered sampling of sediments in a still water area, is mainly applied to sampling of lake and reservoir, river reservoir areas and marine sediments, and can collect columnar samples under a certain depth.
The sampler is thrown into water by an operator from a mother ship, sinks into the water bottom by means of the gravity of the sampler, touches the gravity of the sediment to close and grab the sediment, or inserts the sampling pipe into the sediment by means of external force, and then is pulled back to the water surface by the operator.
Because these samplers do not possess independent motion adjustment ability, are influenced by the impact of rivers greatly in the process of sinking, therefore the position of sampling is random, is difficult to obtain satisfactory sample, simultaneously, because most sampling equipment is directly put in the surface of water, easily produces the impact, causes the deposit to wander, leads to the sample of gathering to have the difference with actual deposit, is difficult to guarantee the integrality and the representativeness of sample. On the other hand, in the process of withdrawing the sample from the water bottom, the sample is easy to lose due to water flow impact or improper operation, and the integrity and effectiveness of the sample are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic underwater sediment sampling device which can accurately find a proper sampling position, prevent sediment samples from flowing and scattering in the collection and recovery processes and ensure the integrity, representativeness and effectiveness of the samples.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following scheme is adopted:
an automatic sampling device of underwater sediments, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a submersible, a lifting mechanism, a sampling component and a sample cylinder.
The submersible is used for traveling under water.
The lifting mechanism is arranged on the submersible and is provided with at least one push-pull rod.
Elevating system is located to the sampling part, and elevating system is used for controlling the sampling part and goes up and down, and the sampling part includes the dustcoat and locates the inside installation pipe of dustcoat, and the installation pipe top is equipped with the slip lid, and the slip lid sets up along the axial displacement of dustcoat, and the slip lid middle part is the plectane, and the periphery of plectane has the through hole, and the top surface of slip lid is equipped with locking mechanism, and the inside top surface of dustcoat corresponds locking mechanism's top and is equipped with and takes off the mechanism of hanging.
The sample tube upwards wears to locate the installation pipe from the installation socle portion, and the sample tube includes sealed lid, and sealed lid detachable locates the slip lid bottom before the sampling.
After the lower end of the push-pull rod is connected with the locking mechanism, the sliding cover is controlled to move up and down so as to press the sealing cover into the sample cylinder; when the hanging-off mechanism is matched with the locking mechanism, the push-pull rod is separated from the locking mechanism.
Furthermore, the tail part of the top surface of the submersible is provided with a pair of horizontal propellers, the middle part of the top surface of the submersible is provided with a longitudinal propeller, and the submersible is provided with at least one camera device for observing the underwater environment so as to facilitate the advance of the submersible.
Furthermore, elevating system includes extension rod and gear shaft, and one side of extension rod is equipped with the rack, and the bottom of extension rod is located to the sampling part, and gear shaft one end is equipped with the straight-teeth gear other end and is equipped with the worm wheel, and the straight-teeth gear meshes with the rack, and the worm wheel cooperation is equipped with a worm, and the top surface of submersible is worn to locate by the worm lower extreme, has rotary seal structure between the week side of worm and the submersible.
Furthermore, a disc is arranged at the bottom of the push-pull rod, the outer diameter of the disc is larger than that of the push-pull rod, the locking mechanism comprises a pair of telescopically arranged baffles, the telescopic direction of the baffles is perpendicular to the push-pull rod, upward guide inclined planes are arranged at the front ends of the baffles, the baffles can be pushed to move towards two sides when the disc moves downwards, and the locking mechanism is connected with the push-pull rod when the disc is positioned below the baffles.
Further, the unhooking mechanism comprises a pair of push plates, the push plates are respectively and correspondingly arranged above the baffle, the push plates are located on the outer side of the disc, and the push plates can be matched with the guide inclined planes to push the baffle to move towards two sides.
Furthermore, the thickness of the edge of the sealing cover is smaller than that of the middle part, an annular interval is formed between adjacent surfaces of the two vertically overlapped sealing covers at the edge, an inward-protruding flange in an annular structure is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the sample tube, the inner diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the sealing cover, and the height dimension of the section of the flange is smaller than that of the annular interval.
Furthermore, a first spring is arranged between the top surface of the sliding cover and the top of the outer cover, and when the sealing cover is in contact with the top surface of the sample tube, the first spring is in a natural state.
Furthermore, the lower section of the outer cover is of a conical structure, the bottom of the cone faces downwards, and the top opening of the sample cylinder and the top of the cone are located on the same plane.
Furthermore, a second spring is arranged above the push plate.
Furthermore, the sample cylinder is made of plastic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the underwater traveling is carried out by utilizing the submersible, and a proper sampling position can be accurately found to obtain a more proper sample, so that the sample is more representative.
2. The sampling component can be stably moved to a preset position at a constant speed through the lifting mechanism for sampling, so that the impact on the sediment is reduced, and the pushing devices of the submersible are arranged on the top surface of the submersible, so that the impact on the sediment can be further reduced, a more real sample can be obtained, and the integrity and the effectiveness of the sample are ensured.
3. The sample cylinder is kept in a sealed state before collection, water is prevented from entering the sample cylinder to influence the entry of the sample, and when water exists in the sample cylinder, the water and the sediment sample are collected together or the water is extruded out by using the sediment, but the two conditions are not favorable for obtaining the complete sample, so that the sample cylinder is sealed by using the sealing cover before collection. And after the sample is collected, the sealing cover is pressed into the sample cylinder to completely seal the sample in the sample cylinder and prevent the sample from scattering in the recovery process. Thereby further ensuring sample integrity.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Figure 1 shows a rear end view of the submersible.
Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
Figure 3 shows a front end view of the submersible.
Fig. 4 shows an enlarged view at B in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the structure of the sampling part.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism and the unhooking mechanism.
Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the push-pull rod inserted into the sampling member.
Fig. 8 shows an enlarged view at C in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the push-pull rod in connection with the locking mechanism.
Fig. 10 shows an enlarged view at D in fig. 9.
Fig. 11 shows an enlarged view at E in fig. 9.
Fig. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism and the unhooking mechanism and the push-pull rod when the push plate is in contact with the retainer plate.
Fig. 13 shows a structural cross-sectional view of the push-pull rod when separated from the locking mechanism.
Fig. 14 shows an enlarged view at F in fig. 13.
The labels in the figure are: submersible-10, horizontal propeller-11, longitudinal propeller-12, camera-13, lifting mechanism-20, extension rod-21, rack-211, gear shaft-22, straight gear-221, worm gear-222, worm-23, push-pull rod-24, disc-241, sampling component-30, housing-31, mounting tube-32, sealing ring-321, sliding cover-33, disc-331, through hole-332, needle rod-333, locking mechanism-34, baffle-341, guide bevel-342, connecting sleeve-343, notch-344, unhooking mechanism-35, push plate-351, first spring-36, second spring-37, sample cylinder-40, flange-401, camera-30, and the like, Sealing cover-41, annular space-411.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the described embodiments of the present invention are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "parallel", "perpendicular", etc. do not require that the components be absolutely parallel or perpendicular, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through both elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, an automatic sampling device for underwater sediments comprises: submersible 10, lifting mechanism 20, sampling component 30, and sample cartridge 40.
In particular, the submersible 10 is intended to travel underwater, and the submersible 10 is provided with at least one camera 13 for viewing the underwater environment to facilitate travel of the submersible 10. The vehicle 10 is also provided with a GPS locating device to mark the coordinates of the sampling site for reference for subsequent sampling. At the same time, GPS positioning is also used to find an accurate sampling location, such as a lake or reservoir area, using satellite remote sensing grid patch to move the submersible 10 to a designated area.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a pair of horizontal thrusters 11 are provided at the rear of the top surface of the underwater vehicle 10 for controlling the forward and backward movement and steering of the underwater vehicle 10, and a longitudinal thruster 12 is provided at the center of the top surface of the underwater vehicle 10 for controlling the ascent or descent of the underwater vehicle 10.
The horizontal propeller 11 and the longitudinal propeller 12 are disposed on the top surface of the submersible vehicle 10, so that the horizontal propeller 11 and the longitudinal propeller 12 are prevented from agitating bottom sediment when the submersible vehicle 10 travels, which is advantageous for observing the underwater environment. Moreover, the more important reason is that through the structural design, the impact on the water body and the sediments below the submersible 10 can be reduced, the sediments are effectively prevented from flowing away, and the integrity of the sediment sample is conveniently protected.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the lifting mechanism 20 is provided on the submersible vehicle 10, and the lifting mechanism 20 is provided with at least one push-pull rod 24. To improve stability during use, each set of lifting mechanisms 20 includes two push-pull rods 24. The push-pull rod 24 remains fixedly mounted. And the lifting mechanisms 20 are arranged on both sides of the submersible vehicle 10, so that the submersible vehicle 10 can be kept balanced, and the sampling position can be increased.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present application, the lifting mechanism 20 includes an extension rod 21 and a gear shaft 22, a rack 211 is provided on one side of the extension rod 21, and the sampling member 30 is provided on the bottom of the extension rod 21. One end of the gear shaft 22 is provided with a straight gear 221, the other end is provided with a worm gear 222, the straight gear 221 is meshed with the rack 211, the worm gear 222 is provided with a worm 23 in a matching way, the lower end of the worm 23 penetrates through the top surface of the submersible vehicle 10, and a rotary sealing structure is arranged between the peripheral side of the worm 23 and the submersible vehicle 10.
The sampling device of this application often needs to be in operation under water, therefore the leakproofness, is the necessary consideration when designing, therefore the power assembly that is used for driving sampling part 30 and reciprocates need place inside submersible 10, thereby worm 23 drives gear shaft 22 through rotatory mode and controls sampling part 30 through extension rod 21 and reciprocate, because rotation type outer wall seal structure is more easily controlled than slidingtype seal structure, and the sealing performance will be better in the work under water.
Because excessive suspended matters, impurities and the like are usually contained in water, if a sliding type sealing structure is adopted, the push rod and the extension rod move in a telescopic mode at the same time, the impurities are easy to adhere to the outer wall of the push rod in the moving process, the impurities are easy to enter the sealing part in the telescopic sliding process of the push rod, and the sealing effect is reduced and the leakage is caused after the push rod is used for a long time; meanwhile, the push rod is usually made of metal, and when the push rod is used in water, corrosion may exist, and sealing is also affected.
In summary, the sealing performance of the rotary sealing structure is better and more durable than that of the sealing structure adopting the sliding of the push rod.
On the other hand, by using the transmission structure of the worm and the worm wheel, the transmission ratio can be increased, the transmission torque is further increased, so that sufficient downward pressure is provided for the sampling component 30, the sampling component 30 can be conveniently inserted into hard sediment, the extension rod 21 can be prevented from slipping, and the sampling and recycling stability is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the sampling member 30 is provided at the bottom of the extension rod 21 of the elevating mechanism 20. The lifting mechanism 20 controls the lifting height of the sampling component 30 through the extension rod 21 so as to facilitate sampling.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 5 to 14, the sampling member 30 includes a housing 31 and a mounting tube 32 provided inside the housing 31. A sliding cover 33 is arranged above the mounting pipe 32, the sliding cover 33 is arranged along the axial direction of the outer cover 31 in a moving way, the circumferential position of the sliding cover 33 is kept fixed, the middle part of the sliding cover 33 is a circular plate 331, and the periphery of the circular plate 331 is provided with a through hole 332. The top surface of the sliding cover 33 is provided with a locking mechanism 34 for connecting the push-pull rod 24, and the top surface of the inside of the outer cover 31 corresponding to the upper side of the locking mechanism 34 is provided with a releasing mechanism 35 for separating the push-pull rod 24 from the locking mechanism 34. Two sets of locking mechanisms 34 and two sets of releasing mechanisms 35 are arranged corresponding to the push-pull rods 24.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the sample cartridge 40 is inserted into the mounting tube 32 from the bottom of the mounting tube 32.
More specifically, the sample cylinder 40 is connected to the mounting tube 32 by a screw, the outer wall of the upper section of the sample cylinder 40 is provided with a screw, the inner wall of the mounting tube 32 is provided with an internal thread to prevent the sample cylinder 40 from moving up and down when the sealing cover 41 is pressed in, as shown in fig. 11, and a sealing ring 321 is arranged between the outer wall of the sample cylinder 40 and the inner wall of the mounting tube 32 to prevent water from entering the sample cylinder 40 from a gap.
The sample cylinder 40 comprises a sealing cover 41, the sealing cover 41 is detachably arranged at the bottom of the sliding cover 33, the diameter of the sealing cover 41 is smaller than that of the circular plate 331, and the sealing cover and the circular plate 331 are coaxially arranged, so that sediment can smoothly enter the sample cylinder 40 under the obstruction of the upper circular plate 331 during sampling.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the needle bar 333 is vertically disposed at the bottom of the sliding cover 33, the needle bar 333 passes through the sealing cover 41, the sealing cover 41 is made of rubber material, by this structure, the sealing cover 41 is mounted on the sliding cover 33, and when the needle bar 333 is separated, the sealing cover 41 still has sealing performance by utilizing the characteristics of elasticity and recovery deformation of the rubber material, so as to realize sealing of the sample cylinder 40.
In use, after the lower end of the push-pull rod 24 is connected with the locking mechanism 34, the sliding cover 33 is controlled to move up and down so as to press the sealing cover 41 into the sample cylinder 40. When the uncoupling mechanism 35 is engaged with the locking mechanism 34, the push-pull rod 24 is disengaged from the locking mechanism 34. Because the push-pull rod 24 is fixedly arranged, the whole process is realized by the up-and-down movement of the sampling component 30.
Before sampling, the sealing cover 41 is lowered to contact the top surface of the sample tube 40, thereby sealing the sample tube 40 and preventing water from entering. The through hole 332 is used for water circulation to reduce the upward lifting force provided by the water to the sliding cover 33 when the sampling component 30 descends, so as to prevent the sealing cover 41 from separating from the sample cylinder 40, further prevent the water from entering the sample cylinder 40, and meanwhile, the outer wall of the outer cover 31 is provided with a plurality of through holes for facilitating water circulation.
In the sampling process, under the action of upward resistance of sediment, the sliding cover 33 and the sealing cover 41 move upwards together to open the sample cylinder 40 so as to facilitate the sediment to enter the sample cylinder 40, after the collection is finished, the sampling component 30 moves upwards, the sliding cover 33 loses the resistance of the sediment and moves downwards, the sealing cover 41 is attached to the top surface of the sample cylinder 40 to seal the sample, and the sample is prevented from being washed away by water in the recovery process.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 6 to 8, the bottom of the push-pull rod 24 has a circular disc 241, the push-pull rod 24 and the circular disc 241 are both cylindrical structures, and the outer diameter of the circular disc 241 is larger than that of the push-pull rod 24.
The locking mechanism 34 includes a pair of telescopically arranged baffles 341, the telescopic direction is perpendicular to the push-pull rod 24, the front ends of the baffles 341 have upward guiding inclined surfaces 342, and when the disk 241 moves downward, the lower edge of the disk 241 is matched with the guiding inclined surfaces 342 to push the baffles 341 to move towards two sides, so that the lower end of the push-pull rod 24 is inserted below the baffles 34. When the disc 241 is located below the baffle 341, the baffle 341 is folded towards the middle, so that the locking mechanism 34 is connected to the push-pull rod 24, and when the sampling member 30 moves downwards, the push-pull rod 24 can drive the sliding cover 33 to move upwards relative to the outer cover 31 through the locking mechanism 34.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the locking mechanism 34 further includes a connecting sleeve 343 having a tubular structure, the bottom of the connecting sleeve 343 is mounted on the top surface of the sliding cover 33, the baffle 341 is disposed through the side wall of the connecting sleeve 343, and the diameter of the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 343 is larger than the outer diameter of the disc 241.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the unhooking mechanism 35 includes a pair of push plates 351, the push plates 351 are respectively disposed above the baffles 341, and the push plates 351 are located outside the circular disc 241. The push plates 351 are arranged at the bottom of the same circular ring so as to ensure the stability of the structures of the two push plates 351, the circumferential positions of the circular rings are kept fixed, and the push-pull rod 24 penetrates through the circular rings downwards. The push plate 351 may push the blocking plate 341 to move toward both sides by engaging with the guide slope 342, thereby separating the push-pull rod 24 from the locking mechanism 34. The top surface of the connecting sleeve 343 is provided with a notch 344 corresponding to the position where the push plate 351 penetrates, so that the push plate 351 can penetrate through the notch. The outer peripheral sides of the connecting sleeve 343 and the baffle 341 are sleeved with rubber rings or spring rings, and the rubber rings or spring rings provide pressure for the baffle 341 to move towards the middle.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 11, the thickness of the sealing cover 41 at the rim is smaller than that of the middle part, an annular space 411 is formed between adjacent surfaces of two sealing covers 41 which are overlapped up and down and located at the rim, the inner wall of the upper end of the sample tube 40 is provided with a flange 401 which protrudes inwards and is in an annular structure, the inner diameter of the flange 401 is larger than the outer diameter of the sealing cover 41, and the height dimension of the cross section of the flange 401 is smaller than the height dimension of the annular space 411.
In use, as shown in figure 11, when the sliding lid 33 is moved downwardly to press the first sheet of sealing cover 41 at the bottom under the flange 401, the flange 401 will be trapped in the annular space 411 to separate the first sheet of sealing cover 41 at the bottom from the sealing cover above it. When the sliding cover 33 is moved upward, the bottom first sheet sealing cover 41 will be blocked by the flange 401, disengaging it from the needle bar 333. Here, the sliding cover 33 moves upward, but after the locking mechanism 34 is connected to the push-pull rod 24, the lifting mechanism 20 drives the sampling member 30 to move downward, so that the sliding cover 33 moves upward relative to the outer cover 31.
The flange 401 is utilized to facilitate the separation of the sealing cover 41 and the sliding cover 33, and simultaneously, the sealing performance of the sample cylinder 40 can be further ensured, the sample is prevented from being lost, and the integrity of the sample is ensured.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a first spring 36 is disposed between the top surface of the sliding cover 33 and the top of the outer cover 31, and when the sealing cover 41 contacts the top surface of the sample tube 40, the first spring 36 is in a natural state to prevent the sealing cover 41 from being pressed against the sample tube 40 too tightly, so that the sliding cover 33 cannot be pushed away by the sediment. Meanwhile, the separation of the sealing cover 41 and the sample cylinder 40 caused by the impact and fluctuation of water can be avoided, namely, the downward pressure of the sliding cover 33 is larger than the upward reaction force provided by the water when the sampling component 30 descends by using the first spring 36, the upward movement time of the sliding cover 33 is prevented from being too early, and the downward pressure of the sliding cover 33 is smaller than the upward extrusion force provided by the sediment to the sliding cover 33, so that the sliding cover 33 ascends during sampling, the sealing cover 41 opens the port of the sample cylinder 40, and the sediment enters the sample cylinder 40.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the lower section of the housing 31 is a conical structure with a downward conical bottom, and the top opening of the sample cartridge 40 is coplanar with the conical top of the conical structure. The sediment sample in the range of the bottom of the cone is firstly covered by the cone structure, and the cone structure is utilized to form a protective effect on the sediment, so that the sediment is prevented from being dispersed, and the integrity of the sediment is ensured; meanwhile, in the process of continuously pressing down the sampling component 30, the sediment inside is further extruded by the conical structure, the pressure is increased, the sliding cover 33 moves upwards to open the sealing cover 41, and the sample smoothly enters the sample tube 40.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, 12 and 14, a second spring 37 is provided above the push plate 351. The push plate 351 is used for providing pressure to the push plate 351, when the unhooking mechanism 35 is matched with the locking mechanism 34, the push plate 351 can be contacted with the baffle 341 in the whole process, the baffle 341 is in a state of opening towards two sides, so that the push-pull rod 24 can be conveniently separated, and a buffer effect can be achieved when the push plate 351 is contacted with the baffle 341.
Preferably, the sample cylinder 40 is made of plastic, and may be made of teflon, to prevent the sample from being contaminated by metal material.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: during sampling, the submersible 10 is advanced to the appropriate location by a remote control, and when the submersible 10 is submerged, it is first submerged and then submerged or raised using the longitudinal thruster 12. The sampling part 30 is driven to descend at a constant speed by the lifting mechanism 20 so as to avoid generating impact and prevent the sliding cover 33 from sliding upwards relative to the outer cover 31 so as to avoid opening the sealing cover 41. The sampling part 30 begins to slowly contact with the sediment in the descending process, and the local sediment is covered by the conical structure at the lower section of the outer cover 31 to prevent the sediment from scattering. When the sampling member 30 is further lowered, the volume of sediment in the housing 31 will gradually increase, and water in the bottom of the sliding cover 33 will be drained upward through the through hole 332 and out through the through hole in the side wall of the housing 31. When the sediment at the bottom of the sliding cover 33 is gradually increased and the pressure is gradually increased in the housing 31, the sliding cover 33 is pushed upwards to open the sealing cover 41, and the sediment at the middle position below the sliding cover 33 is pressed into the sample cylinder 40 under the stop of the circular plate 331, thereby completing the sampling. During sampling, the resistance of the sediment is balanced by the downward thrust of the longitudinal propeller 12, so that the sampling part 30 is pressed down smoothly. The upward pushing force of the sediment on the sliding cover 33 will reach a state of relative equilibrium with the first spring 36, and when the sampling part 30 is retracted upwards, the upward pressure provided by the sediment is gradually reduced, and the sliding plate 33 will be gradually lowered along with the reduction of the sediment by the elastic force of the first spring 36 until the sealing cover 41 seals the top of the sample cylinder 40 again to ensure the integrity of the sample and prevent the sample from losing.
Separation principle of the push-pull rod 24 from the locking mechanism 34: the sampling member 30 is further raised by the driving of the lifting mechanism 20, as shown in fig. 7, the push-pull rod 24 is inserted into the sampling member 30 until the push-pull rod 24 abuts against the sliding cover 33 as shown in fig. 9 and 10, so that the sliding cover 33 cannot be further raised, and the rest of the structure of the sampling member 30 is further raised to a predetermined height, at which time, as shown in fig. 11, the sealing cover 41 at the bottommost layer is pressed into the sample cylinder 40 and is positioned below the flange 401. Then, the sampling member 30 is moved downward, as shown in fig. 12, and the sliding cover 33 cannot move downward along with the rest of the sampling member 30 under the action of the connection between the push-pull rod 24 and the locking mechanism 34, and the unhooking mechanism 35 also moves downward. The sampling member 30 moves downwards continuously, as shown in fig. 12, the push plate 351 of the unhooking mechanism 35 moves relatively to a state of contacting with the guiding inclined plane 342, and the sampling member 30 is communicated with the unhooking mechanism 35 and moves downwards continuously, so that the push plate 351 pushes the baffle 341 to both sides, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, after the push plate 351 completely pushes the baffle 341 to both sides, the sliding cover 33 moves downwards rapidly under the elastic force of the first spring 36 and the second spring 37, thereby realizing the separation from the push-pull rod 24.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic sampling device of underwater sediments, which is characterized by comprising:
a submersible (10) for travelling under water;
the lifting mechanism (20) is arranged on the submersible (10), and the lifting mechanism (20) is provided with at least one push-pull rod (24);
the sampling component (30) is arranged on the lifting mechanism (20), the lifting mechanism (20) is used for controlling the sampling component (30) to lift, the sampling component (30) comprises an outer cover (31) and an installation pipe (32) arranged inside the outer cover (31), a sliding cover (33) is arranged above the installation pipe (32), the sliding cover (33) is arranged along the axial direction of the outer cover (31) in a moving mode, a circular plate (331) is arranged in the middle of the sliding cover (33), a through hole (332) is formed in the periphery of the circular plate (331), a plurality of through holes are formed in the outer wall of the outer cover (31), a locking mechanism (34) is arranged on the top surface of the sliding cover (33), and a hanging-off mechanism (35) is arranged above the top surface inside the outer cover (31) corresponding to the locking mechanism (34);
the sample cylinder (40) penetrates through the installation tube (32) from the bottom of the installation tube (32) upwards, the sample cylinder (40) comprises a sealing cover (41), and the sealing cover (41) is detachably arranged at the bottom of the sliding cover (33) before sampling;
after the lower end of the push-pull rod (24) is connected with the locking mechanism (34), the sliding cover (33) is controlled to move up and down so as to press the sealing cover (41) into the sample cylinder (40); when the unhooking mechanism (35) is matched with the locking mechanism (34), the push-pull rod (24) is separated from the locking mechanism (34).
2. An automatic underwater sediment sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the submersible vehicle (10) is provided with a pair of horizontal thrusters (11) at the rear of its top surface, a longitudinal thruster (12) at the centre of its top surface and at least one camera (13) for viewing the underwater environment of the submersible vehicle (10) to facilitate its travel.
3. The automatic sampling device for the underwater sediments according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism (20) comprises an extension rod (21) and a gear shaft (22), a rack (211) is arranged on one side of the extension rod (21), the sampling component (30) is arranged at the bottom of the extension rod (21), a straight gear (221) is arranged at one end of the gear shaft (22), a worm wheel (222) is arranged at the other end of the gear shaft, the straight gear (221) is meshed with the rack (211), a worm (23) is arranged on the worm wheel (222) in a matching mode, the lower end of the worm (23) penetrates through the top surface of the submersible vehicle (10), and a rotary sealing structure is arranged between the peripheral side of the worm (23) and the submersible vehicle (10).
4. The automatic underwater sediment sampling device as recited in claim 1, wherein a disc (241) is arranged at the bottom of the push-pull rod (24), the outer diameter of the disc (241) is larger than that of the push-pull rod (24), the locking mechanism (34) comprises a pair of telescopically arranged baffles (341), the telescopic direction is perpendicular to the push-pull rod (24), the front ends of the baffles (341) are respectively provided with an upward guiding inclined surface (342), the baffles (341) can be pushed to move towards two sides when the disc (241) moves downwards, and the locking mechanism (34) is connected with the push-pull rod (24) when the disc (241) is positioned below the baffles (341).
5. The automatic sampling device for the underwater sediments according to claim 4, wherein the unhooking mechanism (35) comprises a pair of push plates (351), the push plates (351) are respectively and correspondingly arranged above the baffle (341), the push plates (351) are positioned on the outer side of the disc (241), and the push plates (351) can push the baffle (341) to move towards two sides by being matched with the guide inclined planes (342).
6. The automatic underwater sediment sampling device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the edge of the sealing cover (41) is smaller than that of the middle part, an annular space (411) is formed between the adjacent surfaces of the two sealing covers (41) which are overlapped up and down and positioned at the edge, the inner wall of the upper end of the sample tube (40) is provided with a flange (401) which protrudes inwards and is of an annular structure, the inner diameter of the flange (401) is larger than the outer diameter of the sealing cover (41), and the height dimension of the section of the flange (401) is smaller than the height dimension of the annular space (411).
7. An automatic underwater sediment sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first spring (36) is provided between the top surface of the sliding cover (33) and the top of the housing (31), and the first spring (36) is in a natural state when the sealing cover (41) is in contact with the top surface of the sample cylinder (40).
8. The automatic sampling device for underwater sediments as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lower section of the outer cover (31) is of a conical structure, the bottom of the cone faces downwards, and the top opening of the sample cylinder (40) and the top of the cone are in the same plane.
9. An automatic sampling device for underwater sediments as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that above the push plate (351) there is a second spring (37).
10. An automatic sampling device for underwater sediments as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sample cylinder (40) is made of plastic.
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| CN115166005B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-05-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | Air quality situation awareness system and method |
| CN115032028B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-25 | 中科探海(苏州)海洋科技有限责任公司 | Underwater sampling device for maintaining sample form |
| CN117129283B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-26 | 长岛国家海洋公园管理中心(庙岛群岛海豹省级自然保护区管理中心) | Underwater sampling device based on marine ecological restoration |
| CN117686262B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-06-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Drilling device and method for tidal flat sediment acquisition |
| CN117929673B (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-05-31 | 四川汇邦环保科技有限公司 | Online monitoring device for ammonia nitrogen in water quality |
| CN117949254B (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-06-07 | 四川省绵阳生态环境监测中心站 | Sampling device for underwater sediments |
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| GB627490A (en) * | 1941-04-18 | 1949-08-10 | Submarine Signal Co | Improvements in or relating to bathythermograph and sea sampler |
| DE1249567B (en) * | 1959-08-05 | |||
| CN1186611C (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2005-01-26 | 浙江大学 | Deep sea deposit fidelity sampling system |
| WO2017035743A1 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | 大连理工大学 | Self-anchoring post-type sediment sampling device |
| KR101775653B1 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-09-20 | 한국지질자원연구원 | sampling apparatus for sea sediment |
| CN208109459U (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | The two-tube sampling apparatus of modularization underwater sediment(s) |
| CN111060424A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-24 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Testing device and testing method for DGT probe of lake columnar sediment |
| CN111721575B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-04-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Seabed sand wave long-term observation device and method applied to internal wave development area |
| CN212904035U (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-04-06 | 西南科技大学城市学院 | Automatic water sampling system of formula of sinking surface water |
| CN111766112A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 盛亚林 | Water quality testing water intake device |
| CN214515966U (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-29 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Different particle size soil sediment sample separator |
| CN113567175B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-06-21 | 河海大学 | Ocean sediment sampling system and sampling method |
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