CN113984346A - Apparatus and method for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113984346A CN113984346A CN202111202366.3A CN202111202366A CN113984346A CN 113984346 A CN113984346 A CN 113984346A CN 202111202366 A CN202111202366 A CN 202111202366A CN 113984346 A CN113984346 A CN 113984346A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system. The problem that the optical transmission matrix of the polarization imaging system cannot be characterized by the existing method is solved. The invention comprises an incoherent light source, wherein a filter plate, a polaroid, a grating, a polarization imaging system component, a linear polaroid, a quarter-wave plate and a camera are sequentially arranged on a light path of emergent light of the incoherent light source, the polaroid modulates incident light into six polarization states, and the six polarization states are as follows: four kinds of linearly polarized light with the included angle of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the x axis and two kinds of circularly polarized light with the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization, wherein the six kinds of polarized light pass through grating stripes with different spatial frequencies and then pass through a polarization imaging system to detect a light path to obtain a Stokes parameter image; and Fourier transformation is carried out on the Stokes parameter image obtained in each polarization state under each spatial frequency to obtain peak values of a 0-level peak and a 1-level peak, and the peak values are substituted into a formula for calculation to represent the optical transmission matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polarization imaging, in particular to a device and a method for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system.
Background
Polarization imaging has received increasing attention in recent decades as an advanced imaging technique with its unique ability to detect polarization information of an object. The imaging technology which depends on obtaining the polarization state of object light waves is more advanced than the originally adopted light intensity imaging, so that various polarization imaging methods and polarization imaging systems are widely applied to the fields of biomedical diagnosis, remote sensing, mineralogy and the like.
The optical transfer matrix has the obvious advantages of being more objective, more reliable and the like as a method for analyzing the performance of the optical imaging system, and can be applied to the design of optical systems and optical instruments with small aberration and large aberration. By analyzing the optical transfer matrix image, the performance of the optical system and the optical instrument can be evaluated.
To date, there has been no method of characterizing the optical transfer matrix for existing polarization imaging systems. The traditional method for representing the optical transfer matrix of the imaging system comprises an incoherent light source, wherein a filter, a grating, a scalar imaging system (composed of an unpolarized optical element and a lens) and a camera are sequentially arranged on the light path of emergent light of the incoherent light source. It can characterize scalar imaging systems, but can also only characterize light intensity information, and cannot characterize polarization information, and thus cannot characterize the optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for representing an optical transmission matrix of a polarization imaging system, which are used for solving the problem that the optical transmission matrix of the polarization imaging system cannot be represented by the conventional method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a device for characterizing polarization imaging system optical transmission matrix, includes incoherent light source, has set gradually filter, polaroid, grating, polarization imaging system subassembly (by polarizing optical element and lens constitution), linear polarization piece, quarter wave plate and camera on the light path of incoherent light source emergent light, the polaroid (linear polarization piece or circular polarization piece) is modulated incident light into six polarization states, six polarization states are: four linearly polarized lights with the included angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the x axis and two circularly polarized lights with the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization.
The polarizing plate is a linear polarizing plate or a circular polarizing plate.
The method for characterizing the optical transfer matrix of the polarization imaging system by the device comprises the following steps:
after the six polarized lights pass through grating stripes with different spatial frequencies, a light path is detected through a polarization imaging system, and a Stokes parameter image is obtained;
step two, Fourier transform is carried out on Stokes parameter images obtained in each polarization state under each spatial frequency to obtain peak values of a 0-level peak and a 1-level peak, formula calculation is substituted, and the formula for representing the optical transmission matrix is as follows:
wherein, a in the above equation represents the 0-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, B represents the 1-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, and the numbers (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) at the upper right corner represent the corresponding 6 polarization states, that is: and the included angles with the x axis are four linear polarizations, left-handed circular polarizations and right-handed circular polarizations of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the conventional method for characterizing the optical transfer matrix of an imaging system is based on scalar imaging, which can only characterize scalars and not polarizations. At present, the existing polarization imaging system has no method for representing an optical transfer matrix, and the invention provides a light path for detecting the polarization imaging system, which can be used for representing the optical transfer matrix of the polarization imaging system.
2. The method for representing the optical transmission matrix of the polarization imaging system is characterized in that on the basis of the traditional scalar method device, a polarization optical element (a polarizing plate, a wave plate and the like) is added, and the polarization optical element is used for detecting the polarization imaging system, so that not only light intensity information but also various responses of polarization can be represented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the algorithm of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an optical transfer matrix of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a device for characterizing an optical transmission matrix of a polarization imaging system includes an incoherent light source, and a filter, a polarizer, a grating, a polarization imaging system component (composed of a polarization optical element and a lens), a linear polarizer, a quarter-wave plate, and a camera are sequentially disposed on a light path of light emitted from the incoherent light source, where the polarizer (linear polarizer or circular polarizer) modulates incident light into six polarization states, where the six polarization states are: four linearly polarized lights with the included angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the x axis and two circularly polarized lights with the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization. The polarizer is a linear polarizer or a circular polarizer.
On the basis of the provided device, the invention provides a method for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
after the six polarized lights pass through grating stripes with different spatial frequencies, a light path is detected through a polarization imaging system, and a Stokes parameter image is obtained;
and step two, Fourier transform is carried out on the Stokes parameter image obtained in each polarization state under each spatial frequency to obtain peak values of a 0-level peak and a 1-level peak, and the peak values are substituted into a formula for calculation to represent the optical transfer matrix.
The following steps are described in detail:
(1) modulation of incident light
The light is transmitted along the z-axis, taking the horizontal direction as the x-axis and the vertical direction as the y-axis. Incident light of an incoherent light source is changed into monochromatic light through a filter, and the monochromatic light passes through a polaroid (a linear polaroid or a circular polaroid), so that the incident light can be modulated into six polarization states, namely: four linearly polarized lights with the included angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the x axis and two circularly polarized lights with the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization. The modulated incident light is irradiated on the grating stripes with specific frequency, and a group of six polarization states are measured on the grating stripes with each spatial frequency.
(2) Polarization imaging system
The light passing through the grating strips then enters the polarization imaging system components, which are a combination of polarizing optical elements and lenses, which perform measurements on the polarization imaging system.
(3) Modulation of the emitted light
Emergent light after passing through the polarization imaging system is modulated through the combination of a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, so that the Stokes parameters are measured.
(4) Receive processing
The emergent light is received by a camera, and the position of the camera is adjusted to obtain six clear images. And (3) measuring six light intensity images obtained by modulating in the group (3) in each polarization state for each grating stripe with the spatial frequency, then changing the spatial frequency of the grating stripe, and continuing the experimental steps.
(5) Calculating Stokes parameters
Using MATLAB software to calculate S obtained by grating stripe of the polarization imaging system in each space frequency under each polarization state0、S1、S2、S3Four stokes parameters.
(6) Fourier transform
For each group S0、S1、S2、S3And performing Fourier transform on the four Stokes parameters, and calculating peak values of a 0-level peak and a 1-level peak of the spectrum image after Fourier transform.
(7) Calculating an optical transfer matrix
Substituting the peak values of the 0-level peak and the 1-level peak of each frequency spectrum image obtained by calculation in the step (6) into the following formula for calculation
Wherein, a in the above equation represents the 0-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, B represents the 1-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, and the numbers (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) at the upper right corner represent the corresponding 6 polarization states, that is: and the included angles with the x axis are four linear polarizations, left-handed circular polarizations and right-handed circular polarizations of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees.
Finally, an optical transmission matrix of the polarization imaging system is obtained, as shown in fig. 3, and by the optical transmission matrix, the imaging performance of the polarization imaging system can be detected and the imaging quality of the polarization imaging system can be evaluated.
Claims (3)
1. Apparatus for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system, characterized by: including incoherent light source, filter, polaroid, grating, polarization imaging system subassembly (constitute by polarizing optical element and lens), linear polarization piece, quarter wave plate and camera have set gradually on the light path of incoherent light source emergent light, incident light is modulated to six polarization states to polaroid (linear polarization piece or circular polarization piece), six polarization states are: four linearly polarized lights with the included angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees with the x axis and two circularly polarized lights with the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization.
2. The apparatus for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system according to claim 1, wherein: the polarizer is a linear polarizer or a circular polarizer.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is used for characterizing an optical transfer matrix of a polarization imaging system, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, after the six polarized lights pass through grating stripes with different spatial frequencies, detecting a light path through a polarization imaging system to obtain a Stokes parameter image;
step 2, Fourier transform is carried out on the Stokes parameter image obtained in each polarization state under each spatial frequency to obtain the peak values of a 0-level peak and a 1-level peak, the peak values are substituted into a formula for calculation to represent an optical transmission matrix,
the formula is as follows:
wherein, a in the above equation represents the 0-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, B represents the 1-level peak-to-peak value of the signal spectrum, and the numbers (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) at the upper right corner represent the corresponding 6 polarization states, that is: and the included angles with the x axis are four linear polarizations, left-handed circular polarizations and right-handed circular polarizations of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees.
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| US20070274712A1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-11-29 | Ralph Leppla | Method for detecting and localizing faults in an optical transmission path, and optical transmission system |
| CN101788344A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-28 | 西安工业大学 | Instantaneous phase-shift transverse shear interferometer |
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