CN113984293A - Offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method - Google Patents
Offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113984293A CN113984293A CN202111625709.7A CN202111625709A CN113984293A CN 113984293 A CN113984293 A CN 113984293A CN 202111625709 A CN202111625709 A CN 202111625709A CN 113984293 A CN113984293 A CN 113984293A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037201 oris Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/222—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for tubes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting water leakage of a jacket of an offshore platform, which comprises the following steps: scanning a part to be detected of the jacket by adopting gamma ray detection equipment according to a set plan, wherein the gamma ray detection equipment comprises an adjusting frame, a ray transmitting device and a ray receiving device, and when detecting, the part to be detected is positioned between the ray transmitting device and the ray receiving device; the method comprises the steps of measuring the thickness of marine organisms attached to the outer wall of a sea area conduit where a jacket is located in advance, calibrating the average absorption coefficients of dry marine organisms and wet marine organisms respectively according to a gamma ray matter absorption attenuation rule, calculating the thickness of seawater layers in the inner cavity of the conduit located below the sea surface and above the sea surface of a measured part according to the average absorption coefficients of the wet marine organisms and the dry marine organisms respectively, and finally determining the water inflow degree of the inner cavity of the measured part. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has high reliability of the detection result, and is convenient and quick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore platform jacket detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting water leakage of an offshore platform jacket.
Background
The offshore platform is a basic facility for offshore oil and gas resource production, the safety of the offshore platform is very important, and the jacket is a key point for ensuring the safety of the offshore platform as a supporting structure for bearing the whole platform. Except for the process water filling pipe, the jacket balances the weight of a part of the platform by virtue of buoyancy provided by a closed structure of the jacket, and provides powerful guarantee for stably positioning the ocean platform on the sea surface. However, the pipe is in a severe environment (especially in a splash zone), the operation condition is complex, the pipe bears a non-single load, and the pipe is required to bear the weight of the whole platform and also bear the influences of wind wave load, seismic wave and the like, so that various damages such as fatigue cracks, corrosion and the like inevitably occur in the service process of the pipe frame, seawater permeates into the pipe and even fills the inner cavity of the pipe, the pipe loses the function of providing buoyancy, and meanwhile, the invaded seawater can accelerate the corrosion of the pipe, and the structural safety of the pipe is seriously influenced. In addition, most of the platforms are in service for a long time, and some platforms are in service for a long time or even for an extended period, so that the offshore platform support conduit is subjected to regular water leakage detection, problems are found in time, and the offshore platform support conduit has important significance for guaranteeing continuous and safe production of the platforms.
The fmd (flowed member detection) device is the most effective and critical device for detecting water leakage from underwater conduits. Early devices for jacket water penetration testing were generally based on ultrasonic testing methods. It is reported (wushiwei et al, research and application of ocean platform deep water jacket structure rod piece detection method [ J ]. ocean engineering, 2009,21 (6)), that the ray water penetration rod piece detection method has the advantages of high detection efficiency and low cost compared with the ultrasonic water penetration rod piece detection method. However, although the basic principle of the rod water permeability detection method based on ray detection has been formed, a mature and easy-to-use detection method is still lacked. The offshore jacket is in a complex environment, and the accuracy of the ray detection method is also influenced. For example, in shallow sea areas, the jacket may be fixed to the sea floor and marine life attached to the jacket, with the marine life near the sea surface being below or above the surface of the jacket due to the tidal action affecting the water level. The underwater marine life is filled with water, the aquatic marine life is drained, and the gamma ray absorption coefficients of the dry marine life and the wet marine life are different, so that the accuracy of the measuring method is influenced, and the measuring result is probably completely unreliable. Currently, a reliable detection method with practical operation significance is still lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a water leakage detection method for a jacket of an offshore platform.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the method for detecting water leakage of the jacket of the offshore platform is characterized in that the detection process comprises the following steps:
scanning a part to be detected of the jacket by adopting gamma ray detection equipment, wherein the gamma ray detection equipment comprises an adjusting frame, a ray transmitting device and a ray receiving device, and during detection, positioning the part to be detected between the ray transmitting device and the ray receiving device and recording the initial intensity and the receiving intensity of gamma rays;
calibrating the absorption correlation coefficient of the marine organisms to the gamma rays in advance, measuring the thickness of the marine organisms of a part to be measured, measuring the thickness of a seawater layer between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) outside a conduit of the part to be measured, and measuring or inquiring to obtain the absorption correlation coefficient of the wall of the conduit to the gamma rays and the absorption correlation coefficient of seawater to the gamma rays;
and calculating to obtain the thickness of the seawater layer in the inner cavity of the to-be-measured part of the jacket according to the initial intensity, the receiving intensity, the thickness of the marine organism, the thickness of the seawater layer outside the to-be-measured part of the jacket and the absorption correlation coefficient of the marine organism, the jacket wall and the seawater on the gamma rays based on the material absorption attenuation rule of the gamma rays.
Preferably, the detection process is carried out as follows:
step one, scanning a to-be-detected part of a jacket by adopting gamma ray detection equipment according to a set plan;
wherein the radiation emitting device (200) emits an initial intensity of
And the gamma ray passes through the part to be detected, and the ray receiving device (300) receives and detects the intensity of the ray passing through the part to be detected
；
Step two, pre-measuring the thickness of marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the conduit of the sea area where the jacket is located
The thickness of the wet marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the vessel below the sea surface is recorded
The thickness of the dry marine organism attached to the outer wall of the conduit above the sea surface is
；
Simultaneously, according to the absorption and attenuation law of gamma ray substances, the average absorption coefficient of marine organisms is respectively calibrated
Wherein the average absorption coefficient of wet marine organisms is recorded as
The average absorption coefficient of the dry marine organisms is recorded as
；
Then carrying out the third step or the fourth step;
step three, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water in the inner cavity of the part to be measured immersed in the seawater by adopting the following formula
：
In formula (I):
wherein
Are all of the parameters which are known, and are,
is calculated according to the following formulaCalculating:
in formula (II): d is the distance between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300),
the radial size of the outer wall of the guide pipe at the position to be measured;
step four, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water of the part to be measured exposed on the sea surface by adopting the following formula
：
Step five, calculating in the step three or the step four
Or
The value of (D) and the inner diameter of the catheter at the position to be measured
And comparing to determine the water inlet degree of the inner cavity of the part to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprehensively considers the influence of the environmental factors of the catheter on the gamma ray absorption, and solves the interference of the factors on the measurement through flexible pre-calibration treatment, so that the reliability of the detection result is high, and the measurement is convenient and quick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test catheter according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the detection principle;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the calibration of the absorption coefficient of marine organisms;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion m in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a radiation emitting device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the radiation emitting apparatus;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a ray receiving device;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the radiation receiving apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
A method for detecting water leakage of a jacket of an offshore platform is based on a substance absorption attenuation rule of gamma rays. The intensity decay of gamma rays through matter can be represented by the following equation:
wherein:
the intensity of the gamma beam after passing through the measured substance;
density of matter
And mass absorption coefficient
For knowing or measuring, on the basis of which the thickness of the substance is calculated by detecting the intensity of the radiation after it has passed through the substance to be measured
。
When gamma ray passes throughnThe intensity decay at each material layer can be further expressed as:
wherein
Is as followsnAbsorption correlation coefficient of individual substance layer.
Specifically, the detection method comprises the following steps:
step one, scanning a to-be-detected part of the jacket by adopting gamma ray detection equipment according to a set plan. Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the portion to be measured is a circular tube, and a connection line between the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 passes through the center of the circular tube, so that the gamma ray passes through the circular tube in the diameter direction.
The gamma ray detection device comprises an adjusting frame 100, a ray emitting device 200 and a ray receiving device 300;
during detection, the part to be detected is positioned between the ray transmitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300;
wherein the ray emitting device 200 emitsInitial strength of
And passes through the part to be measured, the ray receiving device 300 receives and detects the intensity of the ray passing through the part to be measured
。
Step two, pre-measuring the thickness of marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the conduit of the sea area where the jacket is located
The thickness of the wet marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the vessel below the sea surface is recorded
The thickness of the dry marine organism attached to the outer wall of the conduit above the sea surface is
；
Simultaneously, according to the absorption and attenuation law of gamma ray substances, the average absorption coefficient of marine organisms is respectively calibrated
Wherein the average absorption coefficient of wet marine organisms is recorded as
The average absorption coefficient of the dry marine organisms is recorded as
；
And then carrying out the third step or the fourth step.
Step three, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water in the inner cavity of the part to be measured immersed in the seawater by adopting the following formula
：
In formula (I):
wherein
Are all known parameters, as shown in figure 2,
calculated as follows:
where D is the distance between the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300,
is the radial size of the outer wall of the guide pipe at the position to be measured.
Step four, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water of the part to be measured exposed on the sea surface by adopting the following formula
：
Step five, calculating in the step three or the step four
Or
The value of (D) and the inner diameter of the catheter at the position to be measured
Are compared to determineAnd determining the water inlet degree of the inner cavity of the part to be detected. Specifically, the water inlet degree of the inner cavity of the part to be detected is determined according to the following method:
computing
Or
And
the ratio of the values, and the water inflow percentage of the inner cavity of the part to be detected is judged according to the ratio of the values
D takes on the value of
Or
。
In the case of a vertically disposed conduit,
or
When the numerical value is 0, judging that the inner cavity of the part to be detected has no seawater;
or
Is equal to
And judging that the inner cavity of the part to be detected has seawater. For a conduit, detection is carried out at a plurality of point positions along the axial direction of the conduit, the seawater infiltration height in the conduit can be judged, and theoretically, the seawater infiltration height can be judged only by enough measured point positionsFind the interface of water inlet in the catheter cavity. If all the measurement points have seawater, the conduit can be considered to be full of water.
For horizontally or obliquely arranged catheters, calculating
Or
And
and judging the water inflow percentage of the inner cavity of the part to be detected according to the numerical ratio. For example, for a horizontally disposed catheter, when the numerical ratio is close to 30%, the water level in the catheter of a local segment of the measured part can be approximately considered to be 30% of the inner diameter of the lumen of the region. For the inclined conduit, the water inlet interface in the conduit cavity can be judged through detection of a plurality of points along the axial direction of the inclined conduit, so that the water inlet amount can be estimated.
The calibration method of the average absorption coefficient of the wet sea creatures and the dry sea creatures in the second step comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking a container, wherein the container can be made of a material with weak gamma ray absorption, so that the absorption of the container to the gamma ray can be ignored in the subsequent calibration process, and the calibration calculation process is simplified.
As shown in FIG. 3, a certain amount of marine life is filled into the container, the surface is kept flat, and the height of the marine life is recorded
The ray emitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300 are respectively close to the bottom surface of the container and the surface of the marine organism, and the ray intensity is detected
The average absorption coefficient of the dried marine organisms was calculated according to the following formula (IV)
，
Adding seawater with volume of Q into the container until the seawater just submerges the upper surface of the marine organism, and detecting the intensity of the rays again
The average absorption coefficient of wet marine organisms was calculated according to the following formula (V)
，
It should be noted that since the average density of marine organisms can also be measured by other methods, the average density can also be calculated by calibrating the absorption coefficient of marine organisms
And
then the average density and the average mass absorption coefficient are determined
Or
The calculation is carried out in place of formula (I) or formula (III). However, this calculation is inferior to the absorption coefficient obtained by calibration
And
the calculation is straightforward.
The specific structure of the detection device suitable for the detection method is as follows:
an offshore platform jacket water leakage detector comprises an adjusting frame 100, a ray transmitting device 200 and a ray receiving device 300. The adjusting frame 100 is an open frame with an opening, the ray emitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300 are respectively arranged on the adjusting frame 100 on two sides of the opening, and the ray emitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300 are arranged oppositely. The opening of the adjusting frame 100 is used for the detector to surround the catheter, so that the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 are respectively arranged on two sides of the catheter.
The ray emitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300 are respectively arranged on the adjusting frame 100 through a sliding positioning mechanism, and the sliding positioning mechanism is used for adjusting the ray emitting device 200 and the ray receiving device 300 to be close to or far away from the opening, so that the detector can adapt to catheters with different pipe diameters or positions. The adjusting frame 100 is provided with an adjusting device for adjusting the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 to be close to or far away from each other so as to adapt to catheters with different sizes.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the adjusting frame 100 includes a main body support 110 and two support arms 120, the two support arms 120 are disposed opposite to each other in parallel, the same end of the two support arms 120 is connected to the main body support 110, and the other ends of the two support arms 120 extend to the same side of the main body support 110, so as to form the adjusting frame 100 with an opening on one side with the main body support 110. The main body support 110 is provided with the adjusting device, and the adjusting device is connected with the two support arms 120. One of the support arms 120 is provided with the radiation emitting device 200 through one of the sliding positioning mechanisms, and the other support arm 120 is provided with the radiation receiving device 300 through the other of the sliding positioning mechanisms.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the adjusting means includes a sliding mechanism and a telescopic mechanism 130. One of the sliding mechanisms is disposed between each of the support arms 120 and the main body bracket 110, and the two sliding mechanisms guide the two support arms 120 to slide along a line connecting the ends of the two support arms. The telescopic mechanism 130 is connected between the sliding portions of the two sliding mechanisms.
Specifically, the sliding mechanism includes a sliding groove 111 and a sliding block 112 adapted to the sliding groove 111. The main body support 110 is provided with the sliding groove 111, the sliding groove 111 extends along a connecting direction of connecting ends of the two support arms 120, two sliding blocks 112 are arranged in the sliding groove 111, and each sliding block 112 is fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting end of the support arm 120.
In one embodiment, the body bracket 110 includes a C-shaped steel, an inner cavity of the C-shaped steel is in a shape of a reduced groove, the inner cavity of the C-shaped steel forms the sliding groove 111, and end stoppers 113 are respectively disposed at two ends of the C-shaped steel. The sliding block 112 is arranged in the sliding groove 111, a supporting arm connecting rod 114 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block 112, one end of the supporting arm connecting rod 114 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 112, the other end of the supporting arm connecting rod extends outwards from the notch of the sliding groove 111, and the connecting end of the supporting arm 120 is sleeved on the supporting arm connecting rod 114 and is connected with the supporting arm connecting rod through a bolt. Because the outer wall of the slider 112 is fitted to the corresponding groove wall and groove bottom of the sliding groove 111, and the notch of the C-shaped steel is a reduced notch, the slider 112 can be stabilized in the sliding groove 111, and can bear the gravity of the support arm 120 and the radiation emitting device 200 or the radiation receiving device 300.
In this embodiment, the telescoping mechanism 130 is a rack and pinion mechanism, including two racks 131 and one gear 132. The gear 132 is disposed in the middle of the sliding groove 111 and rotatably mounted on the main body bracket 110. The gear 132 is located between the two racks 131 and is simultaneously engaged with the two racks 131. The two racks 131 are arranged along the length direction of the sliding chute 111 and are respectively close to two ends of the sliding chute 111, the two racks 131 respectively correspond to the two sliding blocks 112 one by one, and one end of each rack 131 far away from the gear 132 is fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding block 112.
The two racks 131 are respectively clamped between the gear 132 and a side groove wall of the sliding chute 111, a tooth surface of the rack 131 faces the gear 132 and is engaged with the gear 132, and a surface of the rack 131 facing away from the tooth surface respectively slides and abuts against a corresponding groove wall of the sliding chute 111. Thus, the rack 131 is stably limited to maintain a stable sliding state.
The gear 132 is mounted such that: as shown in fig. 7, the axle 133 is inserted into the central hole of the gear 132, and the two are connected by a key 136. The wheel shaft 133 is provided with a bearing 135 and a limit clamp spring 137, which are respectively located outside two end faces of the gear 132. Wherein, the outer ring of the bearing 135 is fixed on the bottom of the C-shaped steel groove, and the limit clamp spring 137 is close to the notch of the sliding groove 111. The axle 133 extends out of the groove bottom of the C-shaped steel, and the extending end of the axle 133 is formed with an operation interface 134. In this embodiment, the operation interface 134 is a quadrangular prism having a coaxial line with the axle 133. The operator interface 134 allows the ROV robot or diver to rotate the gear 132 to adjust the two support arms 120 toward or away from each other.
The middle of the main body support 110 is also provided with an operating handle 115, and the operating handle 115 is positioned on the outer side of the bottom of the C-shaped steel groove, so that an ROV robot or a diver can conveniently hold the operation detector.
The sliding positioning mechanism includes a module mounting seat 121, the module mounting seat 121 is slidably disposed on the corresponding support arm 120, and a locking mechanism is disposed between the module mounting seat 121 and the support arm 120.
The cross section of the supporting arm 120 is a non-revolving body, the module mounting seat 121 is slidably sleeved on the supporting arm 120, and an inner hole of the module mounting seat 121 is matched with the cross section of the supporting arm 120 in shape. In this embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 4 and 8 to 11, the supporting arm 120 is a square tube, and the module mounting seat 121 is a square tube, so that the module mounting seat 121 cannot rotate relatively after being sleeved on the supporting arm 120.
A locking bolt 122 penetrates through the module mounting seat 121, the locking bolt 122 is in threaded fit with the module mounting seat 121 to form the locking mechanism, and a stud end of the locking bolt 122 abuts against the corresponding support arm 120 to lock the module mounting seat 121. The module mounting seat 121 is fixedly provided with the radiation emitting device 200 or the radiation receiving device 300. When the position of the radiation emitting device 200 or the radiation receiving device 300 needs to be adjusted along the length direction of the support arm 120, the locking bolt 122 is loosened and the module mounting base 121 is slid.
In addition, a position calibration component is disposed between the two module mounting seats 121, and the position calibration component is used for assisting in achieving the alignment between the two module mounting seats 121. The position calibration assembly may be composed of a laser 123 and a laser detector 124, which are respectively mounted on two of the module mounting seats 121 and located on the surface of the corresponding module mounting seat 121 facing the inner hole of the adjusting frame. The laser light emitted by the laser 123 is detected by the laser detector 124, indicating that the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 are aligned.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the radiation emitting device 200 includes a source mounting housing 210 having an opening, a source mounting flange 220 is disposed on the opening of the source mounting housing 210, a radiation emitting window 250 for gamma rays to pass through is disposed on the source mounting flange 220, and the radiation emitting window 250 closes a central hole of the source mounting flange 220, so that the source mounting housing 210, the source mounting flange 220 and the radiation emitting window 250 form a sealed system.
Within the source mounting housing 210 is a radiation source assembly that is externally coated with a source isolation kit of radiation absorbing material that positions the radiation source assembly within the source mounting housing 210. A collimation hole 241 is formed in the source isolation kit, and the collimation hole 241 is opposite to the central hole of the source mounting flange 220, and is communicated with the central hole in a hole-sharing manner. The source isolation kit may be made of lead.
In order to facilitate the storage and transportation of the radiation emitting device 200, a protecting cover 290 made of a radiation absorbing material is detachably fastened to the source mounting flange 220, and the protecting cover 290 shields the source mounting flange 220 and the radiation emitting window 250. The shield cover 290 covers the source mounting flange 220 and covers the interface of the source mounting flange 220 and the source mounting enclosure 210.
The protecting cover 290 is thickened at the center to form a protecting truncated cone 291, and the diameter of the protecting truncated cone 291 is not smaller than the aperture of the collimating hole 241, and is preferably equal to or larger than the diameter of the radiation emitting window 250. The thickness of the protection round platform 291 is larger, so that the absorption of gamma rays at the ray emission window 250 can be enhanced, and the safety is improved. The shield cover 290 may also be made of lead.
The installation structure of the radiation emission window 250 is: the middle part of the outer side face of the source mounting flange 220 is provided with a ray window hole, the ray window hole is communicated with the central hole of the source mounting flange 220, a circular ray emission window 250 and a ray window pressing ring 221 are arranged in the ray window hole, the ray emission window 250 and the ray window pressing ring 221 are arranged on the same central line, the inner edge of the ray window pressing ring 221 presses the edge of the ray emission window 250, the inner side face of the ray window pressing ring 221 abuts against the hole bottom of the ray window hole and is connected through a bolt, so that the ray emission window 250 is pressed on the hole bottom of the ray window hole, and the central hole of the source mounting flange 220 is shielded in a sealing mode. The outer side face of the ray emission window 250 and the outer side face of the ray window compression ring 221 are both level with the outer side face of the source mounting flange 220.
In order to further enhance the sealing performance, the edge of the outer surface of the ray emission window 250 is matched with the inner edge of the inner surface of the ray window pressing ring 221 in a step mode. The middle of the bottom of the ray window hole protrudes outwards to form a sealing convex ring 222 surrounding the central hole of the source mounting flange 220, the middle of the inner surface of the ray emission window 250 is thinned corresponding to the sealing convex ring 222 to form a counter bore, the bottom of the counter bore abuts against the sealing convex ring 222, and the wall of the counter bore abuts against the annular outer wall of the sealing convex ring 222.
In this embodiment, the source mounting housing 210 is a hollow cylinder with an opening at one end, the source mounting flange 220 is disposed on the opening of the source mounting housing 210, a portion of the source mounting flange 220 facing the inner cavity of the source mounting housing 210 protrudes inward to form a boss 223, and an annular sidewall of the boss 223 abuts against an inner side surface of the opening of the source mounting housing 210. The source mounting flange 220 is bolted to the source mounting housing 210 with the boss 223 abutting the source isolation kit.
The source isolation kit comprises a hollow cylindrical source isolation sleeve 230, an inner cavity of the source isolation sleeve 230 is opened on one end face, an annular source isolation pad 240 is covered on the end face in a buckling mode, the outer diameter of the source isolation pad 240 is equal to that of the source isolation sleeve 230, and the outer cylindrical surfaces of the source isolation pad 240 and the source isolation sleeve 230 are attached to the inner wall cylindrical surface of the source installation shell 210. The source spacer 230 has a shape fitting the source assembly disposed in the inner cavity thereof, and the inner diameter of the source spacer 240 is smaller than the inner diameter of the source spacer 230, so as to confine the source assembly in the source spacer 230.
The inner bore of the source spacer 230 forms the collimating bore 241.
The radioactive source assembly comprises a source installation cabin 260, the outer wall of the source installation cabin 260 is matched with the shape of the inner cavity of the source isolation sleeve 230, a radioactive source 280 is arranged in the source installation cabin 260, a radiation outlet 261 axially communicated with the collimation hole 241 is formed in the bulkhead of the source installation cabin 260 corresponding to the collimation hole 241, an arrangement hole for the radioactive source 280 to enter the source installation cabin 260 is formed in the bulkhead of the source installation cabin 260, a source set screw 270 is arranged in the arrangement hole, the source set screw 270 is in threaded fit with the arrangement hole, and a source pad 271 is arranged between the screw column end of the source set screw 270 and the radioactive source 280.
The outer wall of the source mount housing 210 is fixedly attached, such as welded, to the corresponding module mount 121. The whole ray emission device 200 is compact in structure, good in sealing performance and convenient to use underwater.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the radiation receiving device 300 includes a receiving unit housing 310, and the receiving unit housing 310 is opened with a receiving hole 311 and a crystal placing hole. The receiving aperture 311 is sealed by a receiving unit radiation window 330 and the crystal access aperture is covered with a receiving unit flange cover 320, thereby forming a closed cavity within the receiving unit housing 310. A crystal 360 and a crystal positioning component are arranged in the closed cavity, the crystal positioning component positions the crystal 360 in the receiving unit shell 310, and the crystal 360 is opposite to the receiving unit ray window 330.
In this embodiment, the receiving unit housing 310 is cylindrical, an inner wall of one end of the receiving unit housing 310 is radially contracted to form a limiting ring 312, an inner hole of the limiting ring 312 forms the receiving hole 311, and an opening of the other end of the receiving unit housing 310 forms the crystal insertion hole. A receiving unit ray window 330, a pressing ring 340 and a crystal 360 are sequentially arranged in the receiving unit shell 310 from the receiving hole 311 to the crystal placing hole, and a crystal positioning component is arranged outside the crystal 360.
The aperture of the receiving aperture 311 is larger than that of the collimating aperture 241 in consideration of the divergence of the ray bundle during propagation.
The receiving unit flange cover 320 is connected to the receiving unit housing 310 by bolts, and the inner side surface of the receiving unit flange cover 320 presses the crystal 360, so that the pressing ring 340 presses the edge of the receiving unit ray window 330 against the limiting ring 312.
The outer diameter of the receiving unit ray window 330 is the same as the inner diameter of the receiving unit housing 310, and the outer side surface of the receiving unit ray window 330 is in stepped fit with the limiting ring 312 to improve the assembly sealing performance. The inside surface edge of receiving element ray window 330 forms has annular step, this annular step with clamping ring 340 looks adaptation, clamping ring 340 with be provided with between receiving element flange cover 320 the crystal locating component with crystal 360.
The crystal 360 is cylindrical, with one end facing the receiving unit radiation window 330 and the other end abutting against the inner side of the receiving unit flange cover 320. The crystal positioning assembly includes a resilient crystal holding sleeve 350 and an end positioning ring 321. The crystal fixing sleeve 350 is sleeved on the end of the receiving unit ray window 330 facing the crystal 360, the crystal fixing sleeve 350 is clamped between the inner wall of the receiving unit casing 310 and the circumferential surface of the outer wall of the crystal 360, the crystal fixing sleeve 350 faces one end of the pressing ring 340, an elastic ring pad 351 is integrally formed, and the elastic ring pad 351 is clamped between the pressing ring 340 and the end face of the receiving unit ray window 330 facing the crystal 360. The crystal 360 is protected by the elasticity of the crystal fixing sleeve 350 and the elastic ring pad 351.
The end positioning ring 321 is sleeved on the end of the crystal 360 close to the receiving unit flange cover 320, and the outer wall of the end positioning ring 321 is attached to the inner wall of the receiving unit housing 310.
The end positioning ring 321 and the crystal holding sleeve 350 fix their radial positions from both ends of the crystal 360, respectively.
The end positioning ring 321 is integrally formed on the inner side surface of the receiving unit flange cover 320, a ring groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the outer wall of the end positioning ring 321, a sealing ring 322 is arranged in the ring groove, and the end positioning ring 321 and the contact surface between the receiving unit shells 310 are sealed by the sealing ring 322.
During detection, the protective cover 290 is removed, and the ROV robot or diver pushes the opening of the adjusting frame 100 of the detector to face the conduit to be detected, so that the radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 are respectively positioned at two sides of the central line of the conduit, and then detection is performed, as shown in fig. 1. The radiation emitting device 200 and the radiation receiving device 300 are adjusted to proper positions, as needed, the distance between the two is recorded as D,
. After passing through the tested conduit, the gamma ray beam emitted by the ray emitting device 200 is received by the ray receiving device 300, and the thickness of the seawater layer in the conduit cavity of the tested part is calculated according to the thickness of the seawater layer, so that whether water enters the conduit or not is inferred.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting water leakage of a jacket of an offshore platform is characterized by comprising the following steps: scanning a to-be-detected part of a jacket by using gamma ray detection equipment, wherein the gamma ray detection equipment comprises an adjusting frame (100), a ray transmitting device (200) and a ray receiving device (300), and during detection, the to-be-detected part is positioned between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) and the initial intensity and the receiving intensity of gamma rays are recorded;
calibrating the absorption correlation coefficient of the marine organisms to the gamma rays in advance, measuring the thickness of the marine organisms of a part to be measured, measuring the thickness of a seawater layer between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) outside a conduit of the part to be measured, and measuring or inquiring to obtain the absorption correlation coefficient of the wall of the conduit to the gamma rays and the absorption correlation coefficient of seawater to the gamma rays;
and calculating to obtain the thickness of the seawater layer in the inner cavity of the to-be-measured part of the jacket according to the initial intensity, the receiving intensity, the thickness of the marine organism, the thickness of the seawater layer outside the to-be-measured part of the jacket and the absorption correlation coefficient of the marine organism, the jacket wall and the seawater on the gamma rays based on the material absorption attenuation rule of the gamma rays.
2. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, scanning a to-be-detected part of a jacket by adopting gamma ray detection equipment according to a set plan;
wherein the radiation emitting device (200) emits an initial intensity of
And the gamma ray passes through the part to be detected, and the ray receiving device (300) receives and detects the intensity of the ray passing through the part to be detected
；
Step two, pre-measuring the thickness of marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the conduit of the sea area where the jacket is located
The thickness of the wet marine organisms attached to the outer wall of the vessel below the sea surface is recorded
The thickness of the dry marine organism attached to the outer wall of the conduit above the sea surface is
；
Simultaneously, according to the absorption and attenuation law of gamma ray substances, the average absorption coefficient of marine organisms is respectively calibrated
Wherein the average absorption coefficient of wet marine organisms is recorded as
The average absorption coefficient of the dry marine organisms is recorded as
；
Then carrying out the third step or the fourth step;
step three, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water in the inner cavity of the part to be measured immersed in the seawater by adopting the following formula
：
In formula (I):
wherein
Are all of the parameters which are known, and are,
calculated as follows:
in formula (II): d is the distance between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300),
the outer diameter of the catheter at the part to be measured;
step four, calculating the thickness of the accumulated water of the part to be measured exposed on the sea surface by adopting the following formula
：
Step five, calculating in the step three or the step four
Or
The value of (D) and the inner diameter of the catheter at the position to be measured
And comparing to determine the water inlet degree of the inner cavity of the part to be detected.
3. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, the calibration method of the average absorption coefficient of the wet sea creatures and the dry sea creatures comprises the following steps:
taking the container, filling a certain amount of marine life into the container, keeping the surface flat, and recording the height of the marine life
The ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) are respectively close to the bottom surface of the container and the surface of the marine organism, and the ray intensity is obtained through detection
The average absorption coefficient of the dried marine organisms was calculated according to the following formula (IV)
，
Adding seawater into the container until the seawater just submerges the upper surface of the marine organism, and detecting the ray intensity again
The average absorption coefficient of wet marine organisms was calculated according to the following formula (V)
；
4. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 3, wherein: the part to be measured is a circular tube, and in the first step, a connecting line of the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) passes through the center of the circular tube so that gamma rays pass through the circular tube along the diameter direction of the circular tube.
5. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 4, wherein: in the fifth step, the water inlet degree of the inner cavity of the part to be detected is determined according to the following method:
computing
Or
And
the ratio of the values, and the water inflow percentage of the inner cavity of the part to be detected is judged according to the ratio of the values
D takes on the value of
Or
。
6. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 4, wherein: the adjusting frame (100) is an open frame with an opening, the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) are respectively arranged on the adjusting frame (100) on two sides of the opening, and the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) are arranged in a right-to-right mode;
the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) are respectively arranged on the adjusting frame (100) through a sliding positioning mechanism, and the sliding positioning mechanism is used for adjusting the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) to be close to or far away from the opening;
the adjusting frame (100) is provided with an adjusting device which is used for adjusting the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) to be close to or far away from each other;
in the first step, the distance between the ray emitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) is adjusted to a proper size through the adjusting device, and the size is recorded as D.
7. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 6, wherein: the adjusting frame (100) comprises a main body support (110) and two supporting arms (120), the two supporting arms (120) are arranged oppositely in parallel, the same end of the two supporting arms (120) is connected with the main body support (110), and the other ends of the two supporting arms (120) extend out to the same side of the main body support (110), so that the adjusting frame (100) with an opening on one side is formed by the adjusting frame and the main body support (110);
the main body bracket (110) is provided with the adjusting device which is connected with the two supporting arms (120);
the ray emitting device (200) is arranged on one of the supporting arms (120) through one of the sliding positioning mechanisms, and the ray receiving device (300) is arranged on the other supporting arm (120) through the other sliding positioning mechanism.
8. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 7, wherein: the sliding positioning mechanism comprises a module mounting seat (121), the module mounting seat (121) is slidably arranged on the corresponding supporting arm (120), and a locking mechanism is arranged between the module mounting seat (121) and the supporting arm (120);
a position calibration component is arranged between the two module mounting seats (121), in the first step, the position of the two module mounting seats (121) on the supporting arm (120) is adjusted by the position calibration component, so that the two module mounting seats (121) are opposite, and then the distance between the ray transmitting device (200) and the ray receiving device (300) is adjusted.
9. The offshore platform jacket water leakage detection method of claim 8, wherein: the cross section of the supporting arm (120) is a non-revolving body, the module mounting seat (121) is slidably sleeved on the supporting arm (120), the shape of an inner hole of the module mounting seat (121) is matched with that of the cross section of the supporting arm (120), a locking bolt (122) penetrates through the module mounting seat (121), the locking bolt (122) is in threaded fit with the module mounting seat (121) to form the locking mechanism, and the stud end of the locking bolt (122) abuts against the corresponding supporting arm (120) to lock the module mounting seat (121);
the module mounting seat (121) is fixedly provided with the ray transmitting device (200) or the ray receiving device (300).
10. The offshore platform jacket water leak detection method of claim 9, wherein: the adjusting device comprises a sliding mechanism and a telescopic mechanism (130);
one sliding mechanism is arranged between each supporting arm (120) and the main body support (110), and the two sliding mechanisms guide the two supporting arms (120) to slide along the connecting direction of the connecting ends of the two supporting arms;
the telescopic mechanism (130) is connected between the sliding parts of the two sliding mechanisms.
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Denomination of invention: Method for detecting water leakage in offshore platform jackets Effective date of registration: 20231109 Granted publication date: 20220422 Pledgee: New Area Branch of Shanghai pilot free trade zone of Bank of Communications Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Heimer Xinchen Underwater Technology (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980064570 |
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