CN113983870A - Novel light armored structure for bulletproof vehicle door lining - Google Patents
Novel light armored structure for bulletproof vehicle door lining Download PDFInfo
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- CN113983870A CN113983870A CN202111351144.8A CN202111351144A CN113983870A CN 113983870 A CN113983870 A CN 113983870A CN 202111351144 A CN202111351144 A CN 202111351144A CN 113983870 A CN113983870 A CN 113983870A
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/04—Armour construction
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel light armor structure for a bulletproof vehicle door lining, and belongs to the technical field of armor protection. The novel light armor structure sequentially comprises a restraint layer, a ceramic layer, a support enhancement layer and an energy absorption layer along the impact direction, wherein the restraint layer is prepared from silicon carbide coated aramid fiber fabric; the support reinforcing layer is made of carbon fiber reinforced resinPreparing a base composite material; the light armor structure has an areal density of 29.9kg/m2And then the first protection level of the protection standard of about 4569 in north is achieved. Meanwhile, the composite armor structure is simple in preparation process, low in cost, stable and reliable, and capable of being produced in batches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bulletproof structure, in particular to a novel light armor structure for a bulletproof vehicle door lining, which is used in the technical field of protection.
Background
The existing light armored vehicles mostly adopt bulletproof steel plates as bulletproof vehicle door linings, so that the quality of the whole vehicle is increased to a great extent, the maneuverability of the vehicle is reduced, and the light and efficient armored protection requirements are difficult to meet. Therefore, the design of lightweight, economical, high protective lightweight armored car ballistic door linings for construction is an urgent need.
The ceramic composite armor is a light armor structure which is mainly applied at present, and generally comprises bulletproof ceramic and bulletproof metal or aramid fiber, carbon fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and other bulletproof fibers. The silicon carbide bulletproof ceramic is a bulletproof ceramic which is widely applied at present, has better bulletproof performance and lower cost price, is lower than boron carbide bulletproof ceramic by 70-80% under the same weight, and is more suitable for large-scale industrial application. The aramid fiber is one of high-performance bulletproof fibers produced in large scale at present, although the aramid fiber non-woven fabric prepared by adopting a single composite process has a difference in the bulletproof performance compared with the aramid fiber woven fabric woven by a weaving machine, the aramid fiber non-woven fabric has certain advantages in price, and the bulletproof performance of the aramid fiber non-woven fabric can be improved by selecting and optimizing the formula of an internal adhesive.
Therefore, the invention provides a novel light armor structure for a bulletproof vehicle door lining, which is researched and designed, applies silicon carbide bulletproof ceramic and aramid fiber and achieves the first-level protection level of the protection standard of about 4569 in North under the condition of considering the requirements of light weight, economy and high protection performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the patent of the invention is as follows: a novel light armor structure for bulletproof door linings has been designed, which solves the technical defects that the bulletproof door lining armor structure facing the threat of 5.56 x 45mm north standard bullets (M193), 5.56 x 45mm north standard bullets (SS109) and 7.62 x 51mm north standard bullets (M80) mentioned in the protection standard of north about 4569 in the prior art cannot compromise low weight and high bulletproof performance, and simultaneously controls the cost of the light armor to be suitable for mass production.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a novel light armor structure for a bulletproof vehicle door lining, which sequentially comprises a most superficial restraint layer (1), a ceramic layer (2), a support reinforcing layer (3) and an energy absorption layer (4) along a ballistic direction, wherein all structural layers are bonded and compounded together through an adhesive, the thickness matching of each layer of unit material is optimized, and the armor structure reaches the first-level protection level of the protection standard of about 4569 in North under the limited weight.
The restraint layer (1) is made of silicon carbide coated aramid fiber fabric, and the thickness of the restraint layer is 0.5-1 mm;
the ceramic layer (2) is made of silicon carbide ceramic or silicon carbide complex phase ceramic which is prepared by pressureless sintering and has static three-point bending strength of more than or equal to 320MPa and static hardness HRA of more than or equal to 85, and the thickness is 3-8 mm;
the support reinforcing layer (3) is made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material with tensile strength greater than 300Mpa and thickness of 1-2 mm;
the energy absorption layer (4) is made of a high-performance aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material, and the thickness is 10-15 mm;
the adhesive is SEBS polyurethane adhesive, and the gluing thickness is controlled within 1 mm.
Furthermore, aramid fabrics in the restraint layer (1) are made of aramid woven fabric reinforced resin matrix composite materials with tensile strength larger than 300 Mpa;
further, the thickness of the silicon carbide coating in the constraint layer (1) is controlled to be 30-100 mu m;
furthermore, the ceramic layer (2) is formed by splicing square ceramic blocks with the transverse dimension of 50mm multiplied by 50 mm;
furthermore, the aramid fiber weftless fabric reinforced resin-based composite material used by the energy absorption layer (4) is prepared by carrying out hot press molding on a plurality of layers of aramid fiber weftless fabrics;
furthermore, the aramid fiber laid fabric in the energy absorption layer (4) is prepared by aramid fiber through filament spreading, gluing and drying.
The reason why the novel light armor structure disclosed by the invention can realize effective protection under lower weight is as follows: the silicon carbide coated aramid fabric restraint layer can play a role in passivating the elastomer, delaying the impact of stress waves of the elastomer on ceramic and restraining splashing of ceramic fragments; the silicon carbide ceramic layer is prepared by pressureless sintering of silicon carbide or complex phase ceramics thereof with better anti-elasticity performance and lower cost, the cost is further reduced on the premise of realizing light weight and bulletproof performance, and the ceramic layer is formed by splicing small-size ceramics, so that the multi-elasticity resistance of the armor structure and the composite molding of the special-shaped position of the bulletproof vehicle door lining are facilitated; the aramid fiber laid cloth reinforced resin matrix composite energy absorption layer has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, good impact resistance and the like, plays a certain role in supporting and longitudinally constraining the ceramic layer, and can absorb the residual kinetic energy and the ceramic fragment energy of the projectile body; compared with aramid fiber laid fabrics, the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is higher in strength and modulus, and can improve the supporting and longitudinal restraining effects on ceramic as a supporting and reinforcing layer, so that the elasticity resistance of the ceramic and the protection capability of the overall structure are improved.
The invention also provides a composite process of the novel light armor structure for the bulletproof vehicle door lining, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: before the light armor structure is compounded, the silicon carbide ceramics are oxidized at 700-900 ℃ for at least 5 hours, and the surface of the oxidized ceramics is cleaned by wiping with absolute alcohol.
Step 2: before the light armor structure is compounded, the silicon carbide coated aramid fabric and the aramid laid cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material are required to be kept clean, and if the light armor structure is polluted, the surface of the light armor structure is cleaned by using deionized water.
And step 3: before the light armor structure is compounded, all bonding surfaces of all layers need to be kept dry and pollution-free.
And 4, step 4: when the light armor structure is compounded, the light armor structure is compounded and formed at room temperature according to the sequence of an energy absorption layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive, a support enhancement layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive, a ceramic layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive and a constraint layer.
And 5: the light armor structure needs to be fully stood for more than 6 hours after being compounded.
Further, in the step 1, the silicon carbide ceramics are required to be arranged in a box furnace in order, at least a 5cm gap is reserved between every two ceramics, the heat preservation temperature is controlled to be 700-900 ℃, the heating rate is controlled to be 5-8 ℃/min, the heat preservation is carried out for at least 5 hours, after the ceramics are completely cooled to the room temperature, the surface is cleaned by wiping with absolute alcohol, and the ceramics are placed in a dry and clean environment.
Further, the silicon carbide coated aramid fabric and the aramid fiber weftless fabric reinforced resin-based composite material in the step 2 are cut by using an electric scissors according to a preset size, and the surface of the cut aramid fiber fabric and the aramid fiber weftless fabric reinforced resin-based composite material is wiped cleanly by using deionized water after cutting.
Furthermore, before the light armor in the step 3 is compounded, all structural layers are placed in a clean and dry environment, and before compounding, all bonding surfaces need to be kept dry and pollution-free.
Further, in the step 4, all structural layers of the light armor are sequentially laminated according to the sequence of an energy absorption layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive, a support enhancement layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive, a ceramic layer, an SEBS polyurethane adhesive and a constraint layer, all the structural layers are vertically aligned, and the light armor is formed in a composite mode at room temperature.
Further, the light armor structure compounded in the step 5 needs to be fully kept still for more than 6 hours in a clean and dry environment.
The implementation of the invention at least comprises the following advantages:
1. the light armor structure disclosed by the invention has the advantages of lighter weight and lower cost in a protection structure with the same bulletproof level on the premise of ensuring effective protection, and can be applied to a light armor structure of a bulletproof vehicle door lining. The invention ensures that the surface density of the designed armor structure is 29.9kg/m2The test sample with the transverse dimension of 305mm multiplied by 305mm can resist the penetration of 5.56 mm multiplied by 45mm north standard ammunition (M193), 5.56 mm multiplied by 45mm north standard ammunition (SS109) and 7.62 mm multiplied by 51mm north standard ammunition (M80) at the shooting distance of 30M and the incidence angle of 0 degrees respectively in sequence of 980M/s, 942M/s and 851M/s, and can realize the effective protection of the armor and achieve the first-level protection level of the protection standard of the north-bound 4569. Meanwhile, the composite armor structure is simple in preparation process, low in cost, stable and reliable, and capable of being produced in batches.
2. The light armor structure disclosed by the invention is obtained by selecting appropriate materials and reasonably matching the thicknesses through a reliable numerical simulation technology, is not obtained by simply increasing or decreasing the thicknesses, has obvious weight superiority and economic superiority, and can hardly reach the level of the light armor structure disclosed by the invention on the basis of the same bulletproof material or the same cost standard.
3. The light armor structure disclosed by the invention mainly adopts a pressureless sintering silicon carbide ceramic and aramid fiber weftless cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material, the cost of raw materials is lower than that of other armor materials, the light armor structure can be compositely prepared at room temperature, the preparation process is simple and economic, and the prepared light armor has a larger price advantage and is suitable for mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the lightweight composite armor structure of the present patent.
Detailed Description
The purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The lightweight armor structure of the embodiment is composed of a restraint layer (1), a ceramic layer (2), a support enhancement layer (3) and an energy absorption layer (4). As shown in fig. 1;
the restraint layer (1) is formed by coating silicon carbide with the thickness of 0.5mm on aramid fiber fabric;
the ceramic layer (2) is formed by splicing pressureless sintered silicon carbide ceramic blocks with the size of 50mm multiplied by 4mm, the static three-point bending strength of 370MPa and the static hardness of 92 HRA;
the support reinforcing layer (3) is made of a carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 1 mm;
the energy absorption layer (4) is made of a high-performance aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 12 mm.
The test was carried out according to the protection Standard of North approx 4569 and the areal density of the armor structure was 29.9kg/m2The light armor structure is sequentially subjected to impact tests by respectively adopting 5.56 × 45mm north standard bombs (M193), 5.56 × 45mm north standard bombs (SS109) and 7.62 × 51mm north standard bombs (M80) at the shooting distance of 30M and the incident angle of 0 degree at the speeds of 980M/s, 942M/s and 851M/s, the armor is not penetrated after penetration, the heights of back surface impact marks are respectively 14.9mm, 12.1mm and 30.3mm, and the armor structure realizes effective protection.
Comparative example 1
The light armor structure of the comparison example consists of a restraint layer (1), a ceramic layer (2), a support enhancement layer (3) and an energy absorption layer (4);
the restraint layer (1) is formed by coating silicon carbide with the thickness of 0.5mm on aramid fiber fabric;
the ceramic layer (2) is formed by splicing pressureless sintered silicon carbide ceramic blocks with the size of 50mm multiplied by 4mm, the static three-point bending strength of 370MPa and the static hardness of 92 HRA;
the support reinforcing layer (3) is made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 1mm
The energy absorption layer (4) is made of aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 10 mm.
The test is carried out according to the protection standard of 'Bei Yong 4569', and the areal density of the armor structure is 26.5kg/m2The lightweight armor structure is subjected to impact tests sequentially by using 5.56 × 45mm north standard bullets (M193), 5.56 × 45mm north standard bullets (SS109) and 7.62 × 51mm north standard bullets (M80) at a shooting distance of 30M and an incidence angle of 0 DEG at speeds of 973M/s, 949M/s and 847M/s, the armor structure is not penetrated after the 5.56 × 45mm north standard bullets (M193) and the 5.56 × 45mm north standard bullets (SS109), the back surface bullet mark heights are 11.7mm and 11.5mm respectively, and the armor structure is not effectively protected after the 7.62 × 51mm north standard bullets (M80) are penetrated.
Comparative example 2
The light armor structure of the comparison example consists of a restraint layer (1), a ceramic layer (2) and an energy absorption layer (4);
the restraint layer (1) adopts aramid fiber woven fabric with the thickness of 0.5 mm;
the ceramic layer (2) is formed by splicing pressureless sintered silicon carbide ceramic blocks with the size of 50mm multiplied by 4mm, the static three-point bending strength of 370MPa and the static hardness of 92 HRA;
the energy absorption layer (4) is made of aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 12 mm.
The test is carried out according to the protection standard of 'Bei Yong 4569', and the areal density of the armor structure is 28.5kg/m2Respectively adopting 5.56 × 45mm north standard ammunition (M193) and 5.56 × 45mm north standard ammunitionThe light armor structure is subjected to impact tests by a standard bullet (SS109) and a 7.62 x 51mm north standard bullet (M80) at a shooting distance of 30M and an incidence angle of 0 DEG at speeds of 976M/s, 945M/s and 840M/s in sequence, the armor is not penetrated after the 5.56 x 45mm north standard bullet (M193) and the 5.56 x 45mm north standard bullet (SS109) are penetrated, the heights of back surface bullet marks are respectively 12.6mm and 13.4mm, the armor is penetrated after the 7.62 x 51mm north standard bullet (M80) is penetrated, and the armor structure does not achieve effective protection.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel lightweight armor structure for ballistic resistant vehicle door linings, characterized by: the lightweight armor structure essentially comprises: the energy absorption layer comprises a constraint layer (1), a ceramic layer (2), a support enhancement layer (3) and an energy absorption layer (4).
The thickness of the restraint layer (1) is 0.5 mm-1 mm, and silicon carbide is selected to coat the aramid fiber fabric;
the thickness of the ceramic layer (2) is 3 mm-8 mm, and the silicon carbide ceramic or silicon carbide complex phase ceramic which is prepared by pressureless sintering and has static three-point bending strength of more than or equal to 320MPa and static hardness HRA of more than or equal to 85 is selected;
the thickness of the support reinforcing layer (3) is 1 mm-2 mm, and a carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material with the tensile strength of more than 300Mpa is selected;
the thickness of the energy absorption layer (4) is 10-15mm, and a high-performance aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material is selected;
SEBS polyurethane adhesive is selected as the adhesive between the structural layers, and the gluing thickness is controlled within 1 mm.
2. A novel lightweight armor structure for ballistic resistant vehicle door linings according to claim 1 characterized by: the aramid fabric in the restraint layer (1) is made of aramid woven fabric reinforced resin matrix composite materials with the tensile strength of more than 300 Mpa.
3. A novel lightweight armor structure for ballistic resistant vehicle door linings according to claim 1 characterized by: the thickness of the silicon carbide coating in the constraint layer (1) is controlled to be 30-100 mu m.
4. A novel lightweight armor structure for ballistic resistant vehicle door linings according to claim 1 characterized by: the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is used as a support reinforcing layer, so that the support and longitudinal restraint effects on the ceramic are improved, and the elastic resistance and the protection capability of the whole structure of the ceramic are further improved.
5. A novel lightweight armor structure for ballistic resistant vehicle door linings according to claim 1 characterized by: a lightweight armor structure that achieves the first-level protection level of the protection standard of North about 4569 is designed as follows: the aramid fiber fabric coated with the silicon carbide with the thickness of 0.5mm (1) + the silicon carbide ceramic with the thickness of 4mm (2) + the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 1mm (3) + the aramid fiber non-woven cloth reinforced resin matrix composite material with the thickness of 12mm (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111351144.8A CN113983870A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Novel light armored structure for bulletproof vehicle door lining |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111351144.8A CN113983870A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Novel light armored structure for bulletproof vehicle door lining |
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| CN114940016A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-26 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | Preparation method of prestressed three-dimensional constraint bulletproof armor plate |
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