CN113983546A - Individualized ventilation end device of shape body adaptability is restrainted to little wind of stranded - Google Patents
Individualized ventilation end device of shape body adaptability is restrainted to little wind of stranded Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000003556 Dry Eye Syndromes Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010013774 Dry eye Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004397 blinking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses an individualized ventilation end device with multi-strand small wind beam shape adaptability, which comprises a shape adaptability pore plate, a variable frequency fan, a connecting soft wind pipe and a control panel. The control panel is arranged on the desktop of the office desk. The vertical setting of physique adaptability orifice plate is in one side of desk, and the inside cavity of physique adaptability orifice plate, one side of physique adaptability orifice plate towards the desk is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes. The body shape adaptive pore plate is connected with the connecting soft air pipe, the connecting soft air pipe is connected with the variable frequency fan, and the variable frequency fan is positioned outdoors and connected with the fresh air outlet. Change into the little wind beam efflux of stranded non-mixing through the single-stranded efflux to take into account head, chest and shank, increase efflux is in user's active area, with this wind pressure that reduces user's face, satisfy the individualized demand of different users to the amount of wind through frequency conversion fan, thereby improve individualized ventilation's travelling comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heating and ventilation technology air conditioning equipment, in particular to an individualized ventilation tail end device with multiple strands of small air beams and adaptability.
Background
The main function of the building is to ensure that the user is not affected by outdoor weather conditions and to provide a comfortable indoor environment. With the rapid development of science and technology and economy, people have higher requirements on buildings: more comfortable, higher air quality, more energy-conserving.
According to the accounting result of the building energy-saving research center of Qinghua university on the energy consumption and emission in the building field of China: in 2018, the building construction and operation energy of China accounts for 37% of the total social energy consumption, and the proportion of the building construction and operation energy is close to the global proportion. The energy consumption of the heating, ventilating and air conditioning accounts for a large proportion of the energy consumption of the building. According to statistics, the energy consumption of the heating ventilation air conditioner in developed countries is about 65% of the energy consumption of buildings. However, even if the building energy consumption is so large, the indoor environment cannot be completely satisfied due to the lack of thermal comfort and indoor air quality. This phenomenon is mostly used with traditional centralized systems: such as office buildings where mixed ventilation and displacement ventilation are used for indoor environmental conditioning.
In order to improve the thermal comfort of indoor personnel and improve the indoor air quality, Personal Ventilation (PV) is increasingly paid more and more attention as an air supply mode for directly conveying adjusted fresh air to the breathing zone of workers. Under the air supply mode, a user can independently control air supply of the air conditioner according to the personalized requirements of the user so as to realize an office microenvironment meeting personal requirements. In office buildings, due to this characteristic, the personalized ventilation system has great potential in improving thermal comfort, improving indoor air quality, and saving energy.
The desktop personalized system, due to its flexibility, can bring a more comfortable thermal environment and improve the indoor air quality, thus becoming the most common personalized ventilation system.
But still research has found the discomfort associated with desktop personalization systems. The existing desktop personalized ventilation device generally only considers the ventilation of the head or the ventilation of the chest. For end devices that supply air to the head, ventilation does not completely cover the head, the head flow field is not uniform and the center velocity is very high, causing a problem of thermal discomfort. Turbulence intensity may reduce the heat-sensitive difference between the whole body and the face, and a higher turbulence intensity may reduce the ventilation risk in a cooling situation and thus may be advantageous. However, to maintain a longer and more concentrated core region to prevent excessive intermingling of the air streams, low turbulence intensity blast jets are often employed. Subjective testing of personalized ventilation by scholars found that PV caused dry eye in 30% of subjects. In case of an increase in the flow velocity of the air flow, the visual fatigue phenomenon may become serious. And the supply of personalized air close to the face may increase blinking and skin irritation, which may be uncomfortable. In desktop personalized ventilation system use in combination with displacement ventilation, there may be large non-uniformities and spatial differences due to the distribution of the exhaled air of the user, which may lead to cross-contamination.
Therefore, the ventilation risk should be reduced at the individualized ventilation end, guarantee as far as possible that the air current does not mix in order to guarantee to send the cleanest new trend to the user to through the area of increase air supply, with the heat that weakens is inhomogeneous, thereby promote thermal comfort. In addition, the personalized ventilation end device also needs to pay attention to the problems of dry eyes, skin irritation and the like, and the applicable experience of a user is improved as much as possible. In both comfort and indoor air quality improvement aspects, it is necessary to develop a novel personalized ventilation terminal to alleviate the problems at the terminal of the personalized ventilation system, so as to bring better use experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a personalized ventilation end device with multi-strand small wind beam adaptability, which solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the individualized ventilation end device with the adaptability of the multi-strand small wind beam shape body comprises a shape adaptive pore plate, a variable frequency fan, a connecting soft air pipe and a control panel. The control panel is installed on the desktop of the office table.
The shape adaptive pore plate is vertically arranged on one side of the desk, the interior of the shape adaptive pore plate is hollow, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in one side of the shape adaptive pore plate facing the desk.
The body adaptability pore plate is connected with the connecting soft air pipe, the connecting soft air pipe is connected with the variable frequency fan, and the variable frequency fan is positioned outdoors and connected with the fresh air outlet.
During the use, the user sits one side of desk and towards physique adaptability orifice plate, and the user is according to the demand, adjusts suitable amount of wind through control panel control frequency conversion fan, and the new trend blows to user's head and chest through physique adaptability orifice plate.
Further, the longitudinal section of the body-shaped adaptive pore plate is in an inverted T shape.
Further, the upper edge of the form-adaptive orifice plate is located above the desk top.
Further, the lower end of the shape adaptive pore plate is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected with a connecting soft air pipe through a static pressure box.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the air conditioner is adjusted according to the individual requirements of a user and can be used as terminal equipment for office individual air supply;
2. compared with the traditional individualized air supply tail end, under the condition of ensuring the same air supply quantity, the air pressure at the tail end of the novel individualized air supply system is only 4.86 percent of the air pressure at the tail end of the traditional individualized air supply system, so that the air pressure is greatly reduced, and the comfort is improved;
3. the important heat dissipation part of the human body is considered: the head and the chest avoid the temperature nonuniformity possibly caused by the fact that the traditional personalized ventilation tail end only supplies air to the head or the chest, and the comfort is further improved;
4. the shape-adaptive orifice plate air outlet mainly uses the converging section of orifice plate jet flow, so that the mixing of the jet flow and indoor air is reduced, fresh air is directly sent to the face of a user, and the air quality of the face of the user is improved;
5. simple structure, easy realization, low price, installation convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a form-adaptive orifice plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of a jet of a shape-adaptive orifice plate;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: the air conditioner comprises a body adaptability pore plate 1, an air inlet 101, a variable frequency fan 2, a connecting soft air pipe 3, a control panel 4, an office table 5, an air supply diffuser 6 and a return air single-layer shutter 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses an individualized ventilation end device with multiple strands of small wind beam shape adaptability, which comprises a shape adaptability pore plate 1, a variable frequency fan 2, a connecting soft air pipe 3 and a control panel 4. Referring to fig. 1, the control panel 4 is mounted on a table top of a desk 5.
The shape adaptive pore plate 1 is vertically arranged on one side of the office table 5, the interior of the shape adaptive pore plate 1 is hollow, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in one side of the shape adaptive pore plate 1 facing the office table 5. The upper edge of the shape-adaptive orifice plate 1 is positioned above the tabletop of the office table 5.
The longitudinal section of the body shape adaptive pore plate 1 is in an inverted T shape, and the size of the body shape adaptive pore plate 1 is determined according to the body type of a user.
Referring to fig. 2, the lower end of the shape adaptive pore plate 1 is provided with an air inlet 101, and the air inlet 101 is connected with the connecting soft air pipe 3 through a static pressure box.
The connecting soft air pipe 3 is connected with a variable frequency fan 2, referring to fig. 4, the variable frequency fan 2 is positioned outdoors and connected with a fresh air outlet, and an air supply diffuser 6 and a return air single-layer shutter 7 are arranged on an indoor ceiling.
When the novel variable-frequency fan is used, a user sits on one side of the office table 5 and faces the body shape adaptive pore plate 1, the user can control the variable-frequency fan 2 to adjust the air quantity to a proper value through the control panel 4 according to requirements, referring to fig. 3, fresh air is blown to the head and chest of the user through the body shape adaptive pore plate 1, the body shape adaptive pore plate 1 can guarantee that air supply reaches a working area in a multi-strand small air beam mode after calculation according to the sizes of the head and chest of the user, and mixing does not occur between the small air beams in the air supply process.
The design of the adaptive orifice plate 1 in this embodiment can adopt the following method:
the basic characteristic of the form-adaptive perforated plate 1 can be expressed in terms of the opening ratio (or effective area coefficient) k, i.e. the
In the formula: f. of0-total area of the aperture; f. of1-aperture plate area.
According to the brief air-conditioning design manual, the diffusion angle theta of orifice plate jet flow is 9-10 deg. (one side), the diffusion angle of 10 deg. is selected, when the distance x between air supply outlet and face is040cm, and to ensure that small wind beams still reach the face, the hole spacing l should ensure that:
l＝2(x0tanθ+r) (2)
in the formula: l-hole spacing; x is the number of0-distance of air supply outlet from face; theta-diffusion angle of orifice plate jet; r-orifice radius.
The invention utilizes the orifice plate air supply air converging section. The most unfavorable case is considered, where the furthest point of the supply air is the intersection of the converging section and the initial section. Since the attenuation of the central temperature and the central wind speed occurs in the merging section, the attenuation depends on the size of the aperture ratio and the aperture characteristics, and is independent of the range. The center velocity of the farthest (initial) of the merge section can therefore be calculated by:
in the formula: u. ofx-the central velocity of the farthest (initial) junction; u. of0-orifice outflow velocity; k1, K2 and K3 are correction coefficients considering jet flow limitation, overlapping and anisotropism respectively; k-percentage of open area; mu-orifice flowThe coefficient of measurement, when it is directly sent out from the tubular orifice plate, is 0.5.
It is worth noting that the investigation of isothermal jets issuing from the orifice plates has shown that the jets issuing from the individual orifices have a merged segment before merging into a total flow. The personalized air supply end device in the embodiment changes the traditional flat-head conical air port in the desktop personalized CMP system into the orifice plate with a plurality of small circular air ports by utilizing the characteristic of the orifice plate jet flow converging section. Through arranging the circular drill way and designing the orifice plate shape, compromise head and chest that the human body dispels the heat is the most, designed the individualized ventilation end device of the little wind beam of stranded shape body adaptability of this patent.
The device of the embodiment replaces single-stranded large wind beams with the multiple small wind beams, and fully considers the body of a user to reduce discomfort such as dry eyes and skin irritation possibly brought by the air supply tail end of the existing desktop personalized ventilation system, so that the comfortable personalized ventilation air supply tail end optimization device is improved. Through optimizing traditional individualized air supply end, change into the little wind beam efflux of stranded non-mixing with single efflux to take into account head and chest, increase efflux is in user's active area, with this wind pressure that reduces user's face, satisfies the individualized demand of different users to the amount of wind through adjustable blast gate, thereby improves the travelling comfort of individualized ventilation. In addition, because the jet flow is mainly applied to the converging section, the mixing of the jet flow and indoor air is reduced, and the quality of air inhaled by a user is improved.
Example 2:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and further, the dimensions of each component of the device described in embodiment 1 are designed as follows:
first, calculating the basis
1. Tuyere flow setting
The specific range of flow rates acceptable for personalized ventilation systems is 7-15L/s and studies have shown that the ventilation effect, although increasing with increasing flow rate, remains the same when the flow rate is higher than 10L/s. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the blowing flow rate L of the end device is set to 10L/s, that is, 0.01m3/s。
2. Distance setting between air outlet and user's face
According to ergonomics, the distance between the air inlet of the personalized ventilation system and the face of the user is recommended to be 40cm-60cm in the office. In this embodiment, the distance x between the air inlet and the face of the user0Set at 40cm, i.e. 0.4 m.
3. Orifice outflow air speed and air supply area
In order to avoid generating larger noise when the orifice flows out and ensure that the flow speed of a working area is in a proper range, the general orifice outflow wind speed u0Not more than 4m/s, the outflow velocity u of the hole in this embodiment0Set to 3 m/s.
The air flow area f can be obtained from the formula (4)0’：
In the formula: l-flow of air supply, m3/s。
4. Orifice spacing
The hole spacing l should satisfy the requirement of formula (2):
5. office desk
The desk is a standard single-person desk with the size of 1200mm multiplied by 800mm multiplied by 750 mm.
Second, the size design of the orifice plate and the hole opening
In order to increase the number of jet flows as much as possible so as to ensure that the air supply area acting on the face of a user is increased, the stimulation of the air flow to the skin and eyes is reduced, and the mixing among the air flows is reduced, so that the comfort of the desktop personalized ventilation system is improved, and the area of a jet flow orifice needs to be reduced as much as possible in the design process. To ensure that no intermingling occurs between jets, 9 circular orifices were designed, each circular orifice area f' being given by equation (5):
the circular orifice radius r was determined to be 0.01m, i.e. 10.0 mm.
The actual orifice area f is thus determined by equation (6):
f＝πr2＝0.000314m2 (6)
thus, the actual total orifice area f0Determined by equation (7):
f0＝9f＝9×0.000314＝0.00287m2 (7)
the actual jet flow velocity v is:
the present embodiment utilizes an orifice plate supply air merge section. Considering the worst case where the farthest point of the blowing air is the boundary between the merging section and the starting section, the user's face should be the merging section end point. When the distance x between the air supply outlet and the face is040cm, and to ensure that still small wind beams reach the face, the hole spacing l should be ensured as:
l＝2(x0tanθ+r)＝2×(400×tan10°+10.0)＝161.06mm
the hole spacing l is 160mm, i.e. 16 cm.
In order to supply air to the head and the chest, 9 circular orifices are arranged according to the shape of the upper half of the human body, and the size of the inverted T-shaped orifice plate can be obtained according to the hole spacing and the size of the circular orifices. The orifice plate size was set as: 320mm × 300mm +300mm × 460 mm;
thus, the orifice plate area f1Is composed of
f1＝320×300+300×460＝234000mm2＝0.2340m2 (9)
Checking design of static pressure box
In order to ensure that the orifice plate supplies air uniformly, a static pressure box is arranged, and a high and stable static pressure is kept in the static pressure box to be used as a pressure stabilizing layer. For orifice plate air supply, the height of the plenum should be determined by calculation.
The stabilizer layer height h can be determined by the formulas (10) and (11):
air delivery per unit area Ld(m3/m2H) is
In the formula: l isdAir output per unit area of perforated plate supply, m3/m2H; s-the maximum flow of the airflow of the part with the hole in the pressure stabilizing layer, m; h-the height h, m of the voltage stabilizing layer.
The height of the plenum box is set to 0.1m in view of the air intake.
Fourth, theoretical calculation and comparison of facial wind pressure
1. Traditional individualized air supply tail end face wind pressure
Conventional individualized venting systems CMP tips mostly employ circular orifice free jets. When a round tube is used, the dimensionless turbulence factor a is 0.076. Because the jet flow diffusion angle and the dimensionless turbulence coefficient have the rule as the formula (12), the diffusion angle theta can be obtained to be 14.49 degrees.
tgθ＝3.4a (12)
In the formula: theta-jet spread angle; a-dimensionless turbulence factor.
The air quantity and the outlet air speed of the traditional personalized air supply terminal are ensured to be consistent with those of the novel personalized air supply terminal, namely the air quantity L is 0.01m3S, outlet wind speed u03.48m/s, the air supply area can be obtained:
round tube radius R:
diameter d of round tube0：
d0＝2R＝2×30.2mm＝60.4mm (15)
The attenuation law of the axial speed of the jet main body segment is classically expressed as formula (16):
in the formula: u. ofx1Calculating the axis speed m/s at the section distance x; u. of01-average velocity of tuyere outflow, m/s.
Can obtain ux1：
So that the facial wind pressure of the user
Fifth, novel personalized air supply terminal face wind pressure
The novel personalized air supply tail end directly adopts a pipeline for air supply, and the orifice flow coefficient mu is 0.5;
the open-cell ratio k can be calculated by the formula (1):
in the embodiment, the orifice plate is used for supplying air to the air converging section. The most unfavorable case is considered, where the furthest point of the supply air is the intersection of the converging section and the initial section. Since the attenuation of the central temperature and the central wind speed occurs in the merging section, the attenuation depends on the size of the aperture ratio and the aperture characteristics, and is independent of the range. The center velocity of the farthest (initial) of the merging section can therefore be calculated by equation (3):
taking a correction coefficient K1＝0.48，K2＝1.35，K3＝1；
Wind velocity u of facex：
So that the facial wind pressure of the user
The terminal wind pressure contrast with the terminal of the individualized ventilation system of tradition of novel individualized ventilation system:
therefore, compared with the traditional personalized air supply terminal, the terminal air pressure of the novel personalized air supply system is only 4.86% of the terminal air pressure of the traditional personalized air supply system under the condition that the same air supply amount is ensured, the air pressure is greatly reduced, and the comfort is improved.
Example 3:
the embodiment discloses an individualized ventilation end device with multiple strands of small wind beam shape adaptability, which comprises a shape adaptability pore plate 1, a variable frequency fan 2, a connecting soft air pipe 3 and a control panel 4. Referring to fig. 1, the control panel 4 is mounted on a table top of a desk 5.
The shape adaptive pore plate 1 is vertically arranged on one side of the office table 5, the interior of the shape adaptive pore plate 1 is hollow, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in one side of the shape adaptive pore plate 1 facing the office table 5.
Referring to fig. 4, the body shape adaptive orifice plate 1 is connected with a connecting soft air pipe 3, the connecting soft air pipe 3 is connected with a variable frequency fan 2, and the variable frequency fan 2 is located outdoors and connected with a fresh air outlet.
During the use, the user sits one side of desk 5 just towards physique adaptability orifice plate 1, and the user can be as required, adjusts suitable amount of wind through control panel 4 control frequency conversion fan 2, and the new trend blows to user's head and chest through physique adaptability orifice plate 1.
Example 4:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the longitudinal section of the shape-adaptive orifice plate 1 is in an inverted T shape.
Example 5:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, the upper edge of the shape-adaptive orifice plate 1 is located above the desktop of the office table 5.
Example 6:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, an air inlet 101 is arranged at the lower end of the shape adaptive orifice plate 1, and the air inlet 101 is connected with the flexible air pipe 3 through a static pressure box.
Claims (4)
1. A personalized ventilation end device with multiple strands of small wind beam-shaped bodies is characterized in that: the device comprises the shape adaptability pore plate (1), a variable frequency fan (2), a connecting soft air pipe (3) and a control panel (4), wherein the control panel (4) is arranged on the desktop of an office desk (5);
the shape adaptive pore plate (1) is vertically arranged on one side of the office table (5), the interior of the shape adaptive pore plate (1) is hollow, and a plurality of vent holes are formed in one side of the shape adaptive pore plate (1) facing the office table (5);
the shape adaptive pore plate (1) is connected with the connecting soft air pipe (3), the connecting soft air pipe (3) is connected with the variable frequency fan (2), and the variable frequency fan (2) is positioned outdoors and is connected with the fresh air outlet;
during the use, the user sits one side of desk (5) and towards physique adaptability orifice plate (1), and the user is according to the demand, adjusts suitable amount of wind through control panel (4) control frequency conversion fan (2), and the new trend blows to user's head and chest through physique adaptability orifice plate (1).
2. The multi-strand small wind-beam-form-adaptive personalized ventilation tip device according to claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the body-shaped adaptive pore plate (1) is in an inverted T shape.
3. The multi-strand small wind bundle adapted individualized ventilation tip device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper edge of the body-shaped adaptive pore plate (1) is positioned above the desktop of the office desk (5).
4. The multi-strand small wind bundle adapted individualized ventilation tip device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the lower end of the shape adaptive pore plate (1) is provided with an air inlet (101), and the air inlet (101) is connected with the connecting soft air pipe (3) through a static pressure box.
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