CN113982848B - Installation method of single blade of offshore wind driven generator - Google Patents
Installation method of single blade of offshore wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113982848B CN113982848B CN202111221270.1A CN202111221270A CN113982848B CN 113982848 B CN113982848 B CN 113982848B CN 202111221270 A CN202111221270 A CN 202111221270A CN 113982848 B CN113982848 B CN 113982848B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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Abstract
The invention discloses an installation method of a single blade of an offshore wind driven generator, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blade: preliminarily checking the blade, dismantling a conveying support of the blade, and dismantling a connecting part at the front end of a blade root conveying support; clamping the blade: checking the position and surface cleanliness of the blade, controlling a lifting appliance to clamp the blade through a wind collecting system, moving the blade out of a blade conveying support, and keeping the position and the balance degree of the blade in the air; hoisting the blades: hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing; butt joint of the blade and a variable pitch bearing: moving the blade to be close to the variable-pitch bearing to finish the alignment connection of the blade and the variable-pitch bearing; after the blades are in place, fixing blade roots through mounting nuts, washers and double-end studs; the application aims at providing the installation method of the offshore wind driven generator single blade, the cost is low, the universality is good, the hoisting operation is convenient and reliable, the requirement force of manual materials is reduced, and great convenience is provided for the later maintenance work of the fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of installation of generator blades, in particular to an installation method of a single blade of an offshore wind turbine.
Background
The offshore wind generating set generally comprises a tower, blades, a hub and a cabin, and the installation of the offshore wind generating set is influenced by offshore wind, sea waves and ocean currents, and the installation difficulty of the offshore wind generating set is higher than that of an onshore wind turbine. At present, the method for installing the offshore wind generating set in the world is mainly an offshore complete machine installation method, namely, a wind generating set is installed and assembled at an assembly base, then the wind generating set is transported to an offshore proposed wind power plant through a wind power installation platform or a crane ship, and the complete machine is installed on a wind generating tower. The installation method has extremely high requirements on the hoisting weight of the crane, the integral hoisting cost is also high, and the applicable hoisting working condition is limited.
With the gradual increase of the unit capacity of a wind generating set in the offshore wind power industry, the diameter of an impeller of the wind generating set is larger and larger, the diameter of the impeller of the wind generating set is about 130 meters at present, and the impeller of the wind generating set tends to increase, so that a crane with larger hoisting weight is needed, the requirement on a hoisting site is higher and higher, the deck area of a wind power installation platform or a crane ship is larger and larger, and the hoisting cost is huge. Several blade mounting devices and methods that have been developed in the market today have not been widely used due to their complex structure, high cost, poor versatility, and low reliability of the clamping mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an installation method of a single blade of an offshore wind driven generator, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good universality and convenient and reliable hoisting operation, can reduce the construction investment cost by using a single-blade hoisting process, protects the environment, greatly simplifies the blade replacement work, reduces the labor material demand, and provides great convenience for the later maintenance work of a fan.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine comprises the following steps:
preparing a blade: preliminarily checking the blade, dismantling a conveying support of the blade, and dismantling a connecting part at the front end of a blade root conveying support;
clamping the blade: checking the position and surface cleanliness of the blade, controlling a lifting appliance to clamp the blade through a cable wind system, moving the blade out of a blade conveying support, and keeping the position and the balance degree of the blade in the air;
hoisting the blades: hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing;
butt joint of the blade and a variable pitch bearing: moving the blade to be close to the variable-pitch bearing to finish the alignment connection of the blade and the variable-pitch bearing;
installing a blade root bolt: after the blades are in place, fixing blade roots through mounting nuts, washers and double-end studs;
loosening the hook of the blade lifting appliance: operating the lifting appliance to release the blade, moving the lifting appliance to separate from the blade, and preparing for lifting the next blade;
hydraulic pitch variation: rotating the blades to a feathering position, and checking whether the blades are installed or not;
the installation of blade side driving-disc cat ladder: after each blade is installed, installing a blade side driving disc crawling ladder;
turning an impeller: rotating the hub through a jigger to enable the mounting position of the next blade to be rotated to be horizontal;
and (3) installing other blades: and repeating the operation to complete the installation of the rest blades.
Preferably, in the step of disassembling the blade root transport bracket front end connecting part, the method further comprises:
removing the tip bracket cover plate: removing the pin shaft connected with the upper part and the lower part of the tip bracket, lifting the bracket lifting ring by using a lifting belt, and removing the cover plate of the tip bracket;
hoisting the tip part of the blade: placing the root sling at the position with the radius of 2-3m of the blade, and hoisting to enable the root sling to bear force, but the blade is not lifted off the ground; placing the lifting belt tray at the position with the radius of 55-56m of the blade, lifting the tip part of the blade, and lifting the blade to the height of 180-220 mm;
hoisting the root part of the blade: hoisting the root of the blade to enable the sling to bear force, keeping the root support from being lifted off the ground, and disassembling the fixing screw of the root side support; detaching a fixing bolt at the bottom of the support, removing the backing plate, vertically hoisting the blade, hoisting the tip part when the root part is hoisted to a height greater than 1m, translating the blade to the side of the support, and dropping the blade to a position 550mm away from the ground;
dismantling the fixed support: and removing the bolt of the side fixing bracket and disassembling the side fixing bracket and the base plate.
Preferably, in the step of clamping the blade, specifically:
checking whether the angle of the blade, the clearance height of the blade, the distance from a rain shielding ring of the blade to the blade root, the surface cleanliness of the blade and the surface cleanliness of a clamping block of a lifting appliance meet the requirements or not;
when the blades are clamped, if the stability of the transport ship does not meet the requirement of directly clamping the blades or the transport height of the blades does not meet the requirement of directly clamping, the blades and the transport support are unloaded to the designated position of the installation ship in a double-vehicle lifting and hanging mode; a bailey frame or a heightening structure is used on the mounting ship to ensure the clearance height of the blades after being placed on the mounting ship;
removing bolts between a lower support of the blade root and a flange of the blade root, moving the lower support and lifting the blade upwards;
connecting a cable wind rope hook and a lifting appliance of the cable wind system, lifting the lifting appliance and moving the lifting appliance to the position right in front of the blade to be lifted;
the lifting appliance is controlled by the operation panel to clamp the blade;
after clamping, loading a load by a main hoisting hook, disassembling a blade root residual support, installing blade root residual bolts, marking two bolts above and below a zero scale mark, marking two bolt holes above and below the zero scale mark on the inner side of each variable pitch bearing in a hub of the unit, and changing the blades to a horizontal state by adopting a hydraulic station;
and operating the cable wind system, hoisting the blade, moving the blade out of the blade conveying bracket, and adjusting the position and the balance degree of the blade and the lifting appliance in the air through the cable wind system.
Preferably, in the step of hoisting the blade, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing by matching with a crane and a cable wind system through observation at a baffle manhole of the variable pitch bearing after the blade reaches the height of the variable pitch bearing.
Preferably, in the step of butting the blade with the pitch bearing, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
before the blades are butted with the variable pitch bearing, a bolt hole plug and a manhole cover plate on the variable pitch driving disc are removed, and after each blade is installed, the manhole cover plate is reset;
after the blades are adjusted to be right in front of the variable pitch bearing, the lifting hooks enable the blades to be close to the variable pitch bearing, and when the bolts at the root parts of the blades are close to the variable pitch bearing, the cable heads of the emergency release system on the lifting appliance are connected to the control box of the emergency release system below the skylight;
a commander in the hub guides the hole aligning operation of the bolts of the blade root through external observation, and ensures that the upper and lower bolts of the 0-degree scale line of the blade root are aligned with the 0-degree bolt holes of the variable pitch bearing.
Preferably, in the step of bolt mounting of the blade root, specifically:
and after the blades are in place, cutting the reversing valve of the small hydraulic station to the middle position, disassembling the guide rod, installing the remaining two double-end studs, and installing nuts and washers on the double-end studs.
Preferably, in the step of releasing the hook of the blade hanger, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
operating the spreader release blade to release the emergency release system cable connection;
under the coordination of a cable wind system, moving the lifting appliance and separating the lifting appliance from the blade;
the next blade is ready to be hoisted.
Preferably, in the step of hydraulic pitch control, the method specifically comprises:
rotating the blades to a feathering position by using a small hydraulic station;
checking that the blade locking pin has penetrated, checking that the blade mounted on the hub is in a stop position;
dismantling a small hydraulic station pipeline and a torque fastening platform;
the tools and items are lifted off the hub and placed into the nacelle while the hydraulic pitch guard is removed.
Preferably, in the step of driving the disk ladder on the blade side to mount, specifically:
and installing the blade side driving disc crawling ladder, smearing cold zinc spraying on the installation bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and drying to obtain a locking mark.
Preferably, in the step of turning the impeller, the following steps are specifically performed:
starting the barring device, and rotating the impeller clockwise or anticlockwise by using the barring tool to rotate the hub to the position where the next blade is horizontally arranged;
in the step of installing the other blades, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
after the turning motion of a single blade is finished, entering a hub to carry out preparation for variable pitch, hole alignment and bolt fastening of the next blade; after each blade is installed, a blade side ladder stand needs to be installed;
the first blade installation step is repeated to install the remaining two blades.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
ultra-light hoisting weight: the hoisting weight of the fan unit is a key factor for determining the type selection of the crane on site, the higher the hoisting weight is, the higher the requirement on the hoisting performance of the crane is, the selection range of the crane is limited, the installation method adopting single blades has greater selection advantage on the requirement on the performance of the crane, the single blades are adopted for installation one by one, and the requirement on the hoisting performance of the crane is lower.
Operation and maintenance convenience: when the blades of the existing field fan break down and need to be maintained, the whole wind wheel needs to be dismounted and hoisted to the ground, and the blades need to be replaced and hoisted integrally. The mounting method of the single blade is adopted, the damaged blade can be directly detached for replacement, the blade replacement work is greatly simplified, the labor material demand strength is reduced, and great convenience is provided for the later maintenance work of the fan.
The invention overcomes the defects of complex structure, high cost and poor universality of installation equipment of a wind generating set, provides the installation method of the offshore wind turbine single blade, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good universality and convenient and reliable installation operation, can reduce the construction investment cost and protect the environment by using the installation method of the single blade, can directly lift the blade on a wind power installation platform or a crane ship, can be assembled in the air, can save the deck area and can transport the number of the blades by the platform; the hoisting cost can be saved by using a small crane for hoisting. By using the installation method of the single blade, the construction investment cost can be reduced, the hoisting operation window period is prolonged, and the operation efficiency is improved. The mounting method of the single blade has great advantages, blade replacement work is greatly simplified, labor material demand strength is reduced, and great convenience is provided for later maintenance work of the fan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine includes the following steps:
preparing a blade: preliminarily checking the blade, dismantling a conveying support of the blade, and dismantling a connecting part at the front end of a blade root conveying support;
clamping the blade: checking the position and surface cleanliness of the blade, controlling a lifting appliance to clamp the blade through a cable wind system, moving the blade out of a blade conveying support, and keeping the position and the balance degree of the blade in the air;
hoisting the blades: hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing;
butt joint of the blade and a variable pitch bearing: moving the blade to be close to the variable-pitch bearing to finish the alignment connection of the blade and the variable-pitch bearing;
installing a blade root bolt: after the blades are in place, fixing blade roots through mounting nuts, washers and double-end studs;
loosening the hook of the blade lifting appliance: operating the lifting appliance to release the blade, moving the lifting appliance to separate from the blade, and preparing for lifting the next blade;
hydraulic pitch variation: rotating the blades to a feathering position, and checking whether the blades are installed or not;
the installation of blade side driving-disc cat ladder: after each blade is installed, installing a blade side driving disc crawling ladder;
turning an impeller: rotating the hub through a jigger to enable the mounting position of the next blade to be rotated to be horizontal;
and (3) installing other blades: and repeating the operation to complete the installation of the rest blades.
Along with the increasing of the single-machine capacity of the wind generating set, great challenges are provided for the transportation and the installation of the set, the installation method of the single blade has great advantages and becomes the main trend of the future development of the wind generating set, the single-blade installation technology changes the traditional wind wheel assembly mode, and the beneficial effects are as follows:
the hoisting weight of the fan unit is a key factor for determining the type selection of the crane on site, the higher the hoisting weight is, the higher the requirement on the hoisting performance of the crane is, the selection range of the crane is limited, the installation method adopting single blades has greater selection advantage on the requirement on the performance of the crane, the single blades are adopted for installation one by one, and the requirement on the hoisting performance of the crane is lower.
When the blades of the existing field fan break down and need to be maintained, the whole wind wheel needs to be dismounted and hoisted to the ground, and the blades need to be replaced and hoisted integrally. The mounting method of the single blade is adopted, the damaged blade can be directly detached for replacement, the blade replacement work is greatly simplified, the labor material demand strength is reduced, and great convenience is provided for the later maintenance work of the fan.
The invention overcomes the defects of complex structure, high cost and poor universality of installation equipment of a wind generating set, provides the installation method of the offshore wind turbine single blade, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good universality and convenient and reliable installation operation, can reduce the construction investment cost and protect the environment by using the installation method of the single blade, can directly lift the blade on a wind power installation platform or a crane ship, can be assembled in the air, can save the deck area and can transport the number of the blades by the platform; the hoisting cost can be saved by using a small crane for hoisting. By using the installation method of the single blade, the construction investment cost can be reduced, the hoisting operation window period is prolonged, and the operation efficiency is improved. The mounting method of the single blade has great advantages, blade replacement work is greatly simplified, labor material demand strength is reduced, and great convenience is provided for later maintenance work of the fan.
The working condition I is as follows: the average wind speed is not more than 12m/s
And when the average wind speed is not more than 12m/s, normally operating the turning tool.
Working conditions are as follows: when the average wind speed exceeds 12m/s, the average wind speed is less than 17m/s
And when the average wind speed exceeds 12m/s, forbidding to operate the turning tool. And before the wind speed reaches, the turning tool is utilized to rotate the impeller, so that the impeller is turned to a specified state, all the blades are in a feathering state, and the blade lock is locked.
(1) A blade
If there is only one blade, the blade is inclined upwards, and forms an angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction, namely the position where the next blade is to be installed. Or the vanes face vertically downwards. If the blades are tilted upwards, the locking pins of the generator are loosened, and the load is carried by the jigger tool. If the blades are vertically downward, the locking pins of the generator are loosened, the turning tool pin shaft and the clamping structure are loosened, and the impeller is in a free state. Meanwhile, the machine head is aligned to the typhoon forecasting wind direction. The jigger container is firmly fixed on the engine room.
(2) Two blades
If only two blades are provided, one blade is horizontal, and the other blade is inclined upwards, namely the position of the second blade after installation. Or the blades are symmetrical left and right and are in a splayed shape. If one blade is horizontal and the other blade is inclined upwards, the locking pin of the generator is loosened, and the load is borne by the jigger tool. If the blades are bilaterally symmetrical and in the shape of a Chinese character Ba, the locking pin of the generator is loosened, and the pin shaft and the clamping structure of the turning tool are loosened, so that the impeller is in a free state. Meanwhile, the machine head is aligned to the typhoon forecasting wind direction. The jigger container is firmly fixed on the engine room.
(3) Three blades
If three blades of the unit are installed, the locking pin of the generator is loosened, and the load is borne by the barring tool. Or the impeller is loosened to be in a free state. And simultaneously, aiming the machine head at the typhoon forecasting wind direction. The jigger tool does not need to be disassembled, and the jigger container is placed on a deck and is firmly fixed.
Working conditions are as follows: when the average wind speed exceeds 17m/s, the average wind speed is less than 20m/s
When the average wind speed exceeds 17m/s and is less than 20m/s, the barring operation is the same as the second working condition, but the barring container needs to be dismantled, placed on a deck and fixed well.
Working conditions are as follows: the average wind speed exceeds 20m/s
When the average wind speed exceeds 20m/s, the typhoon strategy is followed.
Countermeasures against typhoon
No matter what type, when the unit is hoisted by the barring tool, the impeller is rotated by the barring tool before the typhoon comes, so that the impeller is barring to an appointed state, all blades are in a feathering state, and the blade lock is locked.
(1) A blade
If only one blade is arranged, the blade is vertically downward, the generator locking pin is loosened, the barring tool pin shaft and the clamping structure are all released and loosened, and the impeller is in a free state. Meanwhile, the machine head is aligned to the typhoon forecasting wind direction. And (4) dismantling the oil pipe and the barring container, and placing the barring container on the deck and firmly fixing the barring container.
(2) Two blades
If only two blades are provided, the left and right symmetry of the blades is in a splayed shape, the generator locking pin is loosened, and the barring tool pin shaft and the clamping structure are all released and loosened to enable the impeller to be in a free state. Meanwhile, the machine head is aligned to the typhoon forecasting wind direction. And (4) dismantling the oil pipe and the barring container, and placing the barring container on the deck and firmly fixing the barring container.
(3) Three blades
And if the fan is debugged and electrified, taking measures according to a normal anti-typhoon strategy of the unit. If three blades of the unit are installed but not debugged and electrified, the turning tool is preferentially selected to be dismounted. If the barring tool is not available in dismantling conditions, the generator locking pin can be locked at first, the 5 modules of the barring tool are in an initial installation state of returning completely, and then the generator locking pin and the brake are loosened to enable the impeller to be in a free state. Meanwhile, the machine head is aligned to the typhoon forecasting wind direction. And (4) dismantling the oil pipe and the barring container, and placing the barring container on the deck and firmly fixing the barring container.
Specifically, in the step of disassembling the connecting part at the front end of the blade root transport bracket, the method further comprises the following steps:
removing the tip bracket cover plate: removing the pin shaft connected with the upper part and the lower part of the tip bracket, lifting the bracket lifting ring by using a lifting belt, and removing the cover plate of the tip bracket;
hoisting the tip part of the blade: placing the root sling at the position with the radius of 2-3m of the blade, and hoisting to enable the root sling to bear force, but the blade is not lifted off the ground; placing the hanging strip tray at the position with the radius of 55-56m of the blade, hoisting the tip part of the blade, and hoisting the blade to the height of 180-220 mm;
hoisting the root part of the blade: hoisting the root of the blade to stress the sling, keeping the root bracket from being lifted off the ground, and disassembling the fixing screw of the root side bracket; detaching a fixing bolt at the bottom of the support, removing the backing plate, vertically hoisting the blade, hoisting the tip part when the root part is hoisted to a height greater than 1m, translating the blade to the side of the support, and dropping the blade to a position 550mm away from the ground;
dismantling the fixed support: and removing the bolt of the side fixing bracket and disassembling the side fixing bracket and the base plate.
When in use, certain requirements are provided for the sling, the root sling: the hanging point is preferably at the position with the radius of 2.5m, the hanging strip is protected by soft clean materials, the width of the flat hanging strip is more than or equal to 200mm, and the bearing capacity is not less than 25T. A tip hanging strip: the flat or round sling is adopted, the bearing capacity is not less than 20T, and the length is not less than 8 m.
And the pin shaft connected with the tip part fixing support up and down is removed, so that stable lifting is required during lifting, and the blades are prevented from being damaged by swinging of two sides during lifting.
The hoisting tray with the radius of 56m is placed to the radius of 55.5m, the blade tip part is hoisted, the hoisting height is about 200mm, the blade cannot swing left and right when the tip part is hoisted, and the bolt at the root part of the blade is prevented from deforming under stress.
Preferably, in the step of clamping the blade, specifically:
checking whether the angle of the blade, the clearance height of the blade, the distance from a rain shielding ring of the blade to the blade root, the surface cleanliness of the blade and the surface cleanliness of a clamping block of a lifting appliance meet the requirements or not;
when the blades are clamped, if the stability of the transport ship does not meet the requirement of directly clamping the blades or the transport height of the blades does not meet the requirement of directly clamping, the blades and the transport support are unloaded to the designated position of the installation ship in a double-vehicle lifting and hanging mode; the bailey frames or the elevating structures are used on the mounting ship to ensure the clearance height of the blades after being placed on the mounting ship;
removing bolts between a lower support of the blade root and a flange of the blade root, moving the lower support and lifting the blade upwards;
connecting a cable wind rope hook and a lifting appliance of the cable wind system, lifting the lifting appliance and moving the lifting appliance to the position right in front of the blade to be lifted;
the lifting appliance is controlled by the operation panel to clamp the blade;
after clamping, loading a load by a main hoisting hook, disassembling a blade root residual support, installing blade root residual bolts, marking two bolts above and below a zero scale mark, marking two bolt holes above and below the zero scale mark on the inner side of each variable pitch bearing in a hub of the unit, and changing the blades to a horizontal state by adopting a hydraulic station;
and operating the cable wind system, hoisting the blade, moving the blade out of the blade conveying bracket, and adjusting the position and the balance degree of the blade and the lifting appliance in the air through the cable wind system.
The cable wind system is matched with a crane to lift the single-blade lifting appliance to be transferred to the position right in front of the blade to be lifted, a remote control handle of the cable wind system is manually controlled, the position of the lifting appliance is finely adjusted, and the lifting hook is moved, so that the lifting appliance is placed on the surface of the clamping range of the blade. And operating the operation panel of the lifting appliance, connecting the wireless device, selecting the corresponding blade type, and clamping the blade. When lifting by crane, observe the pilot lamp on the hoist, if green light begins to twinkle, then the hoist is ready and can begin to hoist.
In this application, in the step of blade hoist and mount, specifically do:
and hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing by matching with a crane and a cable wind system through observation at a baffle manhole of the variable pitch bearing after the blade reaches the height of the variable pitch bearing.
Preferably, in the step of butting the blade with the pitch bearing, the step specifically comprises:
before the blades are butted with the variable pitch bearing, a bolt hole plug and a manhole cover plate on the variable pitch driving disc are removed, and after each blade is installed, the manhole cover plate is reset;
after the blades are adjusted to be right in front of the variable pitch bearing, the lifting hooks enable the blades to be close to the variable pitch bearing, and when the bolts at the root parts of the blades are close to the variable pitch bearing, the cable heads of the emergency release system on the lifting appliance are connected to the control box of the emergency release system below the skylight;
a commander in the hub guides the hole aligning operation of the bolts of the blade root through external observation, and ensures that the upper and lower bolts of the 0-degree scale line of the blade root are aligned with the 0-degree bolt holes of the variable pitch bearing.
The bolt can be used for carrying out pitch control on the pitch control bearing through the fine-tuning small hydraulic station manual valve in the hole aligning process.
Specifically, in the step of installing the blade root bolt, the following steps are specifically performed:
and after the blades are in place, the reversing valve of the small hydraulic station is cut to the middle position, the pilot rod is disassembled, the remaining two double-end studs are installed, and nuts and washers are installed on the double-end studs.
The side of the gasket with the chamfer faces the nut, and the side of the nut with the character faces outwards. And solid lubricating paste is required to be smeared at the tail end of the stud and the friction surface between the nut and the washer.
Preferably, in the step of releasing the hook of the blade hanger, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
operating the spreader release blade to release the emergency release system cable connection;
under the coordination of a cable wind system, the lifting appliance is moved and separated from the blade;
the next blade is ready to be hoisted.
In the separation process, the clearance between the lifting appliance and the blade on the lifting appliance operation terminal is closely observed, and enough space between the bottom support and the blade is ensured as much as possible. The lifting appliance operator can perform lifting appliance pitching action according to the requirement of a commander.
Meanwhile, in the step of hydraulic pitch variation, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
rotating the blades to a feathering position by using a small hydraulic station;
checking that the blade locking pin has penetrated, checking that the blade mounted on the hub is in a stop position;
dismantling a small hydraulic station pipeline and a torque fastening platform;
the tools and items are lifted off the hub and placed into the nacelle while the hydraulic pitch guard is removed.
The blade is rotated to a feathering position by the small hydraulic station, the blue knob on the small hydraulic station is rotated to a closed state, the blade lock is bounced open at the moment, the manual valve is operated to rotate the bearing to the feathering position, and the locking pin is inserted into the locking seat to complete the feathering action. Visual inspection of the blade locking pins has penetrated, inspection of the blades mounted on the hub in the parked position, trailing edge backwards, blade in the parked position. After moving out the hydraulic pitch-controlled protection device, the operator withdraws from the hub.
Specifically, in the step of the installation of blade side driving disc cat ladder, specifically:
and installing the blade side driving disc crawling ladder, smearing cold zinc spraying on the installation bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and drying to obtain a locking mark.
The driving disc ladder on the blade mounting side is mounted and fastened by bolts, and the fastening torque value T =75 N.m. And (4) coating cold zinc spraying on the mounting bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and drying to obtain a locking mark.
Preferably, in the step of turning the impeller, the following steps are specifically performed:
starting the barring device, and rotating the impeller clockwise or anticlockwise by using the barring tool to rotate the hub to the position where the next blade is horizontally arranged;
in the step of installing the other blades, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
after the turning motion of a single blade is finished, entering a hub to carry out preparation for variable pitch, hole alignment and bolt fastening of the next blade; after each blade is installed, a blade side crawling ladder is installed;
the first blade installation step is repeated to install the remaining two blades.
And after all the bolts are pre-tightened, performing secondary corrosion prevention by cold zinc spraying. After the cold zinc spray is dried, each bolt must be used as a red anti-loose marking line.
Before the blade installation, it is necessary to perform:
preparing a tool: placing a nut and a washer which are matched with a blade and a variable pitch bearing in a connecting way, a hydraulic wrench, a sleeve, a single-blade lifting appliance emergency release system tool box and personal protection equipment at a reliable position in an engine room; and checking whether the hydraulic variable-pitch system component is temporarily protected or not, and avoiding damage.
Adjusting the position of the hub: checking that the cable connection of the yaw control cabinet is reliable and has a yaw condition; yawing the hub to a position right opposite to a crane boom by using a yawing handle, inching, judging a yawing direction, determining the direction and then continuously yawing; and after yawing to the final position, removing the yawing power line.
Activating a turning tool: pressing a button on a barring control panel to activate the barring tool for self-checking; a backstop pin for withdrawing the locking pin of the generator; and pressing a button on the barring control panel, and rotating a variable pitch bearing on the right side of the hub (by taking the direction facing the hub and the downwind direction as a reference) by 30 degrees to a position where the blades can be horizontally installed by using the barring device.
Positioning a variable-pitch bearing: and measuring the verticality by using a digital level gauge, and if the blade bearing has a deviation of more than 2 degrees in the vertical direction, manually operating the jigger tool to adjust the verticality of the position of the bearing until the angle is less than 2 degrees.
Installing a small hydraulic station oil pipe: the operator enters the hub and moves necessary tools to the hub; finding out a valve group which needs to rotate a variable-pitch bearing for control, closing a ball valve on the valve group, and driving a handle to a service position; and connecting the hydraulic pipeline.
Connecting a small hydraulic station with electricity: the power supply of the small hydraulic station is connected with a 400V alternating current power supply and three-phase power.
Checking the small hydraulic station: the initial state is in an open state (parallel to the pipeline axis); the ball valve on the valve block is in an open state; the knob on the check control box is in the left position (off state).
Preparing a single-blade lifting appliance: starting the self-checking of the single-blade lifting appliance, and filling a 'function test' checking table.
Preparing a cable wind system: fixing and checking a cable wind system and a frame; and self-checking the cable wind system, and filling a 'function test' check list.
After the blade mounting, it is necessary to perform:
dismantle barring frock: after the three blades are installed, operating the barring tool to insert the generator locking pin, pushing out the barring tool locking pin and inserting the backstop pin of the generator locking pin; restoring the turning tool to an initial installation state, pushing out the driving unit, loosening the positioning clamping block and the like; removing a power supply of the unit and the jigger tool, a signal cable of the unit and the jigger tool, and a cable and a hydraulic oil pipe of a container of the jigger tool and the jigger tool; the cable, the hydraulic oil pipe, the control transfer box, the small hydraulic station and the container are temporarily supported and put back to the barring container through a skylight of the engine room; connecting bolts between the temporary rain cover and the cabin cover are removed and properly stored; slowly hoisting the jigger tool, detaching the jigger tool and a fixed pin shaft of the base, and returning to the original position; and (4) putting the jigger tool back to the transportation bracket and reliably fixing.
And (3) the generator recovers: if the generator end cover surface is provided with bolts when the unit is delivered, the generator end cover surface M8 stainless steel bolts are recovered, and the bolts are uniformly distributed at 6 positions, 5 bolts are distributed at each position. And using mechanical sealant to coat the exposed part of the bolt; and (5) painting and repairing the surface of the end cover of the generator.
Restoring the cabin cover and the internal accessories: the soft connection installation of the front piece body on the deck: when the front sheet body is placed on the deck, the hole in the flexible connection is aligned with the bolt hole of the pressing plate, the pressing plate is pressed on the flexible connection, the flexible connection is installed on the disassembled front sheet body of the cabin through the M12X 50-8.8 bolt, the M12X 60-8.8 bolt and the matched washer nut, and the fastening torque value T =75 N.m. Coating cold zinc spraying on the mounting bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and performing anti-loosening marking after drying; hoisting the front panel body, and fastening the front panel body and the cabin cover by using M10 multiplied by 50-8.8, wherein the fastening torque value T =40 N.m; and (5) sealing the joints of the cabin cover by using a sealant. And gluing the top of the cabin outside the cabin, wherein the width of the sealant is not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the sealant is not less than 4 mm. And (3) gluing the position which can not be glued at the joint inside the cabin cover, wherein the width of the sealant is not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the sealant is not less than 4 mm. After the sealant on the top of the cabin is cured, the cabin is covered with 3M 35# tape.
The flexible connection installation method of the combination body comprises the following steps: before installation, gluing the joint surface of the flexible connection, the generator and the engine room; after the flexible connection is connected with the generator and the engine room sheet body by using the pressing plate, mechanical sealant is coated around the joint, and the bolt is sealed by using the sealant, so that water seepage after long-term operation is avoided; when the flexible connection is lapped, the outer side is adopted to wrap the inner side; the lapping point is arranged at one side and the wrapping edge at the outer side faces downwards; the lap point will be at the 3, 4 o 'clock or 8, 9 o' clock position; after the lap joint points are lapped, pasting the positions of the lap joint points by using glue, and preventing rainwater from permeating into the machine through the lap joint points; and (4) coating cold zinc spraying on the mounting bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and drying to obtain a locking mark.
Installing a hose: the pipelines are symmetrically arranged at the left and right, two pipelines are arranged respectively, the number of the pipelines is 4, and the pipelines are installed according to the path; when the impeller is connected with a pipeline interface on the fixed shaft, the impeller needs to be removed to lock the observation door plate, so that a person can conveniently enter the operation from the observation hole; after the operation is finished, the observation door is restored; when the hose is sleeved into the corresponding interfaces such as steel pipes, the lap joint size is ensured to be as large as possible; the lengths of the 4 hoses along with the machine parts are the same, and the hoses can be cut during field installation so that the airflow in the pipeline is smooth in transition.
Dismantling the jigger container: removing the bottom air gap protection device, and putting the barring container into the barring container and reliably fixing the barring container; removing the barring container binding belt and putting back the barring container binding belt into the container; closing the container door and locking; removing a base connected with the top of the container and the cabin, firstly lifting the container away from the cabin, removing the base, fixing the base and the container by using a steel wire rope or a hanging strip, and locking the base by using a shackle; the crane carriage container is returned to the deck.
Plugging the fabrication hole: the top of the cabin cover: plugging by using 16M 20 bolt hole plugging caps, and gluing the periphery of each plugging cap by using a sealant; cabin truss stand: plugging 8M 20 bolt hole plugging caps, and gluing the periphery of each plugging cap by using a sealant.
Unlocking the generator locking pin: removing the temporary power cable for installation between the installation ship and the unit, and putting back the installation ship; when a person leaves the unit, the three blades are required to be confirmed to be in a feathering state, and the blade locking pins are inserted; within 24 hours after the three blades are installed, the locking pins of the generator must be loosened.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a blade: preliminarily checking the blade, dismantling a conveying support of the blade, and dismantling a connecting part at the front end of a blade root conveying support;
in the step of dismantling the connection part at the front end of the blade root transport bracket, the method further comprises the following steps:
removing the tip bracket cover plate: removing the pin shaft connected with the upper part and the lower part of the tip support, lifting the support lifting ring by using a lifting belt, and removing the cover plate of the tip support;
hoisting the tip part of the blade: placing the root sling at the position with the radius of 2-3m of the blade, and hoisting to enable the root sling to bear force, but the blade is not lifted off the ground; placing the lifting belt tray at the position with the radius of 55-56m of the blade, lifting the tip part of the blade, and lifting the blade to the height of 180-220 mm;
hoisting the root part of the blade: hoisting the root of the blade to enable the sling to bear force, keeping the root support from being lifted off the ground, and disassembling the fixing screw of the root side support; dismantling a fixing bolt at the bottom of the support, removing the base plate, vertically hoisting the blade, hoisting the tip part when the root part is hoisted to a height greater than 1m, translating the blade to the side of the support, and dropping the blade to a position of 550mm above the ground;
dismantling the fixed support: removing the bolt of the side fixing bracket, and disassembling the side fixing bracket and the base plate;
clamping the blade: checking the position and surface cleanliness of the blade, controlling a lifting appliance to clamp the blade through a cable wind system, moving the blade out of a blade conveying support, and keeping the position and the balance degree of the blade in the air;
checking whether the angle of the blade, the clearance height of the blade, the distance from a rain shielding ring of the blade to the blade root, the surface cleanliness of the blade and the surface cleanliness of a clamping block of a lifting appliance meet the requirements or not;
when the blades are clamped, if the stability of a transport ship does not meet the requirement of direct clamping of the blades or the transport height of the blades does not meet the requirement of direct clamping, the blades and a transport support are unloaded to the specified position of an installation ship in a double-vehicle lifting and hanging mode; the bailey frames or the elevating structures are used on the mounting ship to ensure the clearance height of the blades after being placed on the mounting ship;
removing bolts between a lower support of the blade root and a flange of the blade root, moving the lower support and lifting the blade upwards;
connecting a cable wind rope hook and a lifting appliance of the cable wind system, lifting the lifting appliance and moving the lifting appliance to the position right in front of the blade to be lifted;
the lifting appliance is controlled by the operation panel to clamp the blade;
after clamping, loading a load by a main hoisting hook, disassembling a blade root residual support, installing blade root residual bolts, marking two bolts above and below a zero scale mark, marking two bolt holes above and below the zero scale mark on the inner side of each variable pitch bearing in a hub of the unit, and changing the blades to a horizontal state by adopting a hydraulic station;
operating a cable wind system, hoisting the blade, moving the blade out of the blade conveying bracket, and adjusting the position and the balance degree of the blade and a lifting appliance in the air through the cable wind system;
hoisting the blades: hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing;
butt joint of the blade and a variable pitch bearing: moving the blade to be close to the variable-pitch bearing to finish the alignment connection of the blade and the variable-pitch bearing;
installing a bolt at a blade root: after the blades are in place, fixing blade roots through mounting nuts, washers and double-end studs;
loosening the hook of the blade lifting appliance: operating the lifting appliance to release the blade, moving the lifting appliance to separate from the blade, and preparing for lifting the next blade;
hydraulic pitch variation: rotating the blades to a feathering position, and checking whether the blades are installed or not;
the installation of blade side driving-disc cat ladder: after each blade is installed, installing a blade side driving disc crawling ladder;
turning an impeller: rotating the hub through a jigger to enable the mounting position of the next blade to be rotated to be horizontal;
and (3) installing other blades: and repeating the operation to complete the installation of the rest blades.
2. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of hoisting the blade, the method specifically comprises:
and hoisting the blade, and moving the blade to the front of the variable pitch bearing by matching with a crane and a cable wind system through observation at a baffle manhole of the variable pitch bearing after the blade reaches the height of the variable pitch bearing.
3. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of butting the blade with the pitch bearing, the method comprises the following specific steps:
before the blades are butted with the variable pitch bearing, a bolt hole plug and a manhole cover plate on the variable pitch driving disc are removed, and after each blade is installed, the manhole cover plate is reset;
after the blades are adjusted to be right in front of the variable pitch bearing, the lifting hooks enable the blades to be close to the variable pitch bearing, and when the bolts at the root parts of the blades are close to the variable pitch bearing, the cable heads of the emergency release system on the lifting appliance are connected to the control box of the emergency release system below the skylight;
a commander in the hub guides the hole aligning operation of the bolts of the blade root through external observation, and ensures that the upper and lower bolts of the 0-degree scale line of the blade root are aligned with the 0-degree bolt holes of the variable pitch bearing.
4. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of installing the blade root bolt, the method comprises:
and after the blades are in place, the reversing valve of the small hydraulic station is cut to the middle position, the pilot rod is disassembled, the remaining two double-end studs are installed, and nuts and washers are installed on the double-end studs.
5. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of releasing the hook of the blade hanger, the method comprises the following specific steps:
operating the spreader release blade to release the emergency release system cable connection;
under the coordination of a cable wind system, the lifting appliance is moved and separated from the blade;
the next blade is ready to be hoisted.
6. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of hydraulic pitch control, specifically:
rotating the blades to a feathering position by using a small hydraulic station;
checking that the blade locking pin has penetrated, checking that the blade mounted on the hub is in a stop position;
dismantling a small hydraulic station pipeline and a torque fastening platform;
the tools and items are lifted off the hub and placed into the nacelle while the hydraulic pitch guard is removed.
7. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of installing the blade-side driving disk ladder, the steps are as follows:
and installing the blade side driving disc crawling ladder, smearing cold zinc spraying on the installation bolt for secondary corrosion prevention, and drying to obtain a locking mark.
8. The method for installing a single blade of an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of turning the impeller, the method comprises:
starting the barring device, and rotating the impeller clockwise or anticlockwise by using the barring tool to rotate the hub to the position where the next blade is horizontally arranged;
in the step of installing the other blades, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
after the turning motion of a single blade is finished, entering a hub to carry out preparation for variable pitch, hole alignment and bolt fastening of the next blade; after each blade is installed, a blade side crawling ladder is installed;
the first blade installation step is repeated to install the remaining two blades.
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| CN202111221270.1A CN113982848B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Installation method of single blade of offshore wind driven generator |
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| CN202111221270.1A CN113982848B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Installation method of single blade of offshore wind driven generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2908000B1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2017-04-12 | Leunamme Engineering Sociedad Limitada Unipersonal | Lifting device for installing and removing components of a wind turbine |
| MX2018002835A (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2019-01-14 | Barnhart Crane And Rigging Co | Wind turbine blade removal and installation system and method. |
| CN105927478A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Offshore fan single-blade mounting method |
| CN105905813B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-09-15 | 成都世唯科技有限公司 | A kind of wind-driven generator leaf suspender |
| CN111453629B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2024-07-05 | 上海澳傅旭海洋装备技术有限公司 | Marine wind turbine unit single blade installation robot |
| CN110407086B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-11-20 | 成都世唯科技有限公司 | Special lifting appliance for wind power equipment |
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