CN113982774A - Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113982774A
CN113982774A CN202111226223.6A CN202111226223A CN113982774A CN 113982774 A CN113982774 A CN 113982774A CN 202111226223 A CN202111226223 A CN 202111226223A CN 113982774 A CN113982774 A CN 113982774A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
piston
heat
layer
insulating
thickness
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Pending
Application number
CN202111226223.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨光伟
孙慧侠
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Jiangsu Priya Power Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Priya Power Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111226223.6A priority Critical patent/CN113982774A/en
Publication of CN113982774A publication Critical patent/CN113982774A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-insulating energy-saving piston and a manufacturing method thereof, and the heat-insulating energy-saving piston comprises a piston top body, wherein the top of the piston top body is provided with a combustion chamber, the bottom of the piston top body is provided with a piston inner cavity, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on an interlayer between the combustion chamber and the piston inner cavity, the heat-insulating layer is arranged on one side of the piston inner cavity and comprises a bottom layer, a transition layer and a surface layer, the bottom layer is made of 50% Ni and 50% Al, the thickness of the bottom layer is 10% of the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer, and the transition layer is made of 50% Ni and 50% Al2O3The thickness of the transition layer is 40% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer, and the material of the surface layer is Al2O3+13wt％TiO2The thickness of the surface layer is 50% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer.

Description

Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat-insulating energy-saving piston and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The diesel engine is a common power machine and is main equipment of a railway internal combustion locomotive and a ship, and the piston is a framework and a core component of the upper structure of the diesel engine, bears alternating mechanical load and thermal load and is one of the key parts with the worst working conditions in the engine; the top of the piston of the existing diesel engine is a cavity, and when the diesel engine burns in the cylinder, engine oil enters the cavity of the piston to be cooled, takes away heat, protects the top of the piston, but also loses the energy, so that the heat energy of the combustion of the cylinder is lost, and the temperature of the cylinder is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a heat-insulating energy-saving piston and a manufacturing method thereof.
The heat-insulating energy-saving piston comprises a piston top body, wherein a combustion chamber is arranged at the top of the piston top body, a piston inner cavity is arranged at the bottom of the piston top body, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on an interlayer between the combustion chamber and the piston inner cavity and is arranged on one side of the piston inner cavity, the heat-insulating layer comprises a bottom layer, a transition layer and a surface layer, the bottom layer is made of 50% Ni + 50% Al, the thickness of the bottom layer is 10% of the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer, and the transition layer is made of 50% Ni + 50% Al2O3The thickness of the transition layer is 40% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer, and the material of the surface layer is Al2O3+13wt％TiO2The thickness of the surface layer is 50% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer.
As a further improvement, the total thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-1.5 mm.
A manufacturing method of a heat-insulating energy-saving piston comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the piston into a cleaning water tank for rinsing, drying after rinsing, pickling again, rinsing again with clear water after pickling, and drying;
(2) spraying a heat insulation layer in the inner cavity of the piston by using a plasma spraying method, wherein the bottom layer is sprayed at first, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.1mm, then the transition layer is sprayed, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.4mm, and finally the surface layer is sprayed, and the thickness of the transition layer is 0.5 mm;
(3) remelting the sprayed thermal insulation layer by using laser, wherein nitrogen is used as protective gas in the remelting process;
(4) and (4) carrying out a heat insulation effect test on the piston top body subjected to laser remelting, and finishing the manufacture of the piston top body after the test is passed.
As a further improvement, the thermal insulation effect test device in the step (3) comprises a thermal insulation outer cover, a constant temperature heat source is arranged in the thermal insulation outer cover, a heat equalizing net is arranged above the constant temperature heat source, a piston top body is arranged on the heat equalizing net, the top of the piston top body faces downwards, clear water is filled in a piston inner cavity of the piston top body, and temperature measuring instruments are arranged between the piston top body and the heat equalizing net and in the piston inner cavity.
As a further improvement, the heat insulation effect test method in the step (3) comprises the following steps of inverting the piston, filling a certain amount of water into the inner cavity of the piston, heating the top surface of the piston by using a constant-temperature heat source at the bottom until the water in the inner cavity of the piston begins to boil, and comparing the heating conditions of the water in the laser remelting coated piston and the water in the uncoated piston under the same conditions to respectively obtain the average heat absorption quantity of the top surface of the piston in unit time so as to calculate the heat insulation degree of the ceramic layer.
Has the advantages that:
the invention has smart design, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the inner cavity of the piston, the energy loss is reduced, the heat efficiency of the combustion of the cylinder is improved, the heat insulation layer adopts 3 layers of step-shaped layers and is sprayed for 3 times, laser remelting is carried out after spraying, the bonding strength is high, the structure form of the ceramic is improved, the defects of discontinuity, porosity, uneven components and the like of the structure of the spraying layer are eliminated, the stress concentration between the ceramic layer and the transition layer is reduced, and the strain performance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general construction of an insulated and energy saving piston;
1. the piston top body 2, the combustion chamber 3, the piston inner cavity 4 and the heat insulation layer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the heat-insulating energy-saving piston and the manufacturing method thereof comprise a piston top body 1, a combustion chamber 2, a piston inner cavity 3 and a heat-insulating layer 4.
The heat-insulating energy-saving piston comprises a piston top body, wherein a combustion chamber is arranged at the top of the piston top body, a piston inner cavity is arranged at the bottom of the piston top body, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on an interlayer between the combustion chamber and the piston inner cavity and is arranged on one side of the piston inner cavity, the heat-insulating layer comprises a bottom layer, a transition layer and a surface layer, the bottom layer is made of 50% Ni + 50% Al, the thickness of the bottom layer is 10% of the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer, and the transition layer is made of 50% Ni + 50% Al2O3The thickness of the transition layer is 40% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer, and the material of the surface layer is Al2O3+13wt％TiO2The thickness of the surface layer is 50% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer.
Wherein the total thickness of the heat insulation layer is 1-1.5 mm.
A manufacturing method of a heat-insulating energy-saving piston comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the piston into a cleaning water tank for rinsing, drying after rinsing, pickling again, rinsing again with clear water after pickling, and drying;
(2) spraying a heat insulation layer in the inner cavity of the piston by using a plasma spraying method, wherein the bottom layer is sprayed at first, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.1mm, then the transition layer is sprayed, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.4mm, and finally the surface layer is sprayed, and the thickness of the transition layer is 0.5 mm;
(3) remelting the sprayed thermal insulation layer by using laser, wherein nitrogen is used as protective gas in the remelting process;
(4) and (4) carrying out a heat insulation effect test on the piston top body subjected to laser remelting, and finishing the manufacture of the piston top body after the test is passed.
The heat insulation effect test device in the step (3) comprises a heat insulation outer cover, a constant temperature heat source is arranged in the heat insulation outer cover, a heat equalization net is arranged above the constant temperature heat source, a piston top body is arranged on the heat equalization net, the top of the piston top body faces downwards, clear water is filled in a piston inner cavity of the piston top body, and temperature measuring instruments are arranged between the piston top body and the heat equalization net and in the piston inner cavity.
And (3) inverting the piston, filling a certain amount of water into the inner cavity of the piston, heating the top surface of the piston by using a constant-temperature heat source at the bottom until the water in the inner cavity of the piston starts boiling, and comparing the heating conditions of the water in the laser remelting coating piston and the water in the uncoated piston under the same condition to respectively calculate the average heat absorption capacity of the top surface of the piston in unit time so as to calculate the heat insulation degree of the ceramic layer.
The heat insulating layer is provided with 3 layers of step-shaped layers, is sprayed for 3 times, is remelted by laser after being sprayed, has high bonding strength, improves the structure form of ceramic, eliminates the defects of discontinuity, porosity, uneven components and the like of the structure of the sprayed layer, lightens the stress concentration between the ceramic layer and the transition layer, and improves the strain performance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a thermal-insulated energy-conserving piston, its characterized in that, includes the piston roof body, and the top of piston roof body is equipped with the combustion chamber, and the bottom of piston roof body is equipped with the piston inner chamber, is equipped with the insulating layer on the interlayer of combustion chamber and piston inner chamber, the insulating layer locate this side of piston inner chamber, the insulating layer includes bottom, transition layer and top layer, the material of bottom is 50% Ni + 50% Al, the thickness of bottom is 10% of insulating layer gross thickness, the material of transition layer is 50% Ni + 50% Al2O3The thickness of the transition layer is 40% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer, and the material of the surface layer is Al2O3+13wt％TiO2The thickness of the surface layer is 50% of the total thickness of the heat insulation layer.
2. The heat-insulating energy-saving piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 1-1.5 mm.
3. The manufacturing method of the heat-insulating energy-saving piston is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting the piston into a cleaning water tank for rinsing, drying after rinsing, pickling again, rinsing again with clear water after pickling, and drying;
(2) spraying a heat insulation layer in the inner cavity of the piston by using a plasma spraying method, wherein the bottom layer is sprayed at first, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.1mm, then the transition layer is sprayed, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.4mm, and finally the surface layer is sprayed, and the thickness of the transition layer is 0.5 mm;
(3) remelting the sprayed thermal insulation layer by using laser, wherein nitrogen is used as protective gas in the remelting process;
(4) and (4) carrying out a heat insulation effect test on the piston top body subjected to laser remelting, and finishing the manufacture of the piston top body after the test is passed.
4. The manufacturing method of the heat-insulating energy-saving piston according to claim 3, wherein the heat-insulating effect test device in the step (3) comprises a heat-insulating outer cover, a constant-temperature heat source is arranged in the heat-insulating outer cover, a heat-equalizing net is arranged above the constant-temperature heat source, a piston top body is arranged on the heat-equalizing net, the top of the piston top body faces downwards, clear water is filled in a piston inner cavity of the piston top body, and temperature measuring instruments are arranged between the piston top body and the heat-equalizing net and in the piston inner cavity.
5. The method for manufacturing a heat-insulating energy-saving piston as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heat-insulating effect test method in step (3) comprises the steps of inverting the piston, filling a certain amount of water into the inner cavity of the piston, heating the top surface of the piston at the bottom by using a constant-temperature heat source until the water in the inner cavity of the piston begins to boil, and comparing the heating conditions of the water in the laser remelting coating piston and the water in the uncoated piston under the same condition to respectively obtain the average heat absorption quantity of the top surface of the piston in unit time, thereby calculating the heat-insulating degree of the ceramic layer.
CN202111226223.6A 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN113982774A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111226223.6A CN113982774A (en) 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111226223.6A CN113982774A (en) 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113982774A true CN113982774A (en) 2022-01-28

Family

ID=79739859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111226223.6A Pending CN113982774A (en) 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Heat-insulating energy-saving piston and manufacturing method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113982774A (en)

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