CN113982651A - Flexible supporting structure and supporting method for rock burst roadway - Google Patents
Flexible supporting structure and supporting method for rock burst roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN113982651A CN113982651A CN202111391751.7A CN202111391751A CN113982651A CN 113982651 A CN113982651 A CN 113982651A CN 202111391751 A CN202111391751 A CN 202111391751A CN 113982651 A CN113982651 A CN 113982651A
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- grouting
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000008918 voyeurism Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
Abstract
A flexible supporting structure and a supporting method for a rock burst roadway are disclosed, wherein the supporting structure comprises a thin-spraying lining layer, an epoxy resin grouting material and an anchor rope in a roadway surrounding rock grouting hole, and a multi-layer space energy-absorbing supporting structure of roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor rope flexible supporting is formed by matching the thin-spraying lining layer on the surface of the roadway, the epoxy resin grouting material injected in the roadway surrounding rock grouting hole and the anchor rope arranged on the surrounding rock around the roadway. The supporting method comprises the following steps: after the roadway is tunneled, spraying a reactive resin thin spraying layer material on the surface of the roadway until the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is solidified to form a thin spraying lining layer; firstly, drilling holes in the periphery of a roadway, then feeding an anchoring agent into the drilled holes, then inserting an anchor rope and connecting a drilling machine, starting the drilling machine to uniformly stir the anchoring agent, after the anchoring agent is solidified, installing a tray and tensioning the anchor rope to a preset anchoring force; and constructing surrounding rock grouting holes of the roadway around the roadway, and periodically injecting epoxy resin grouting materials into the holes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine safety, and particularly relates to a flexible supporting structure and a supporting method for a rock burst roadway.
Background
Rock burst is a mine power phenomenon which is characterized by sudden, sharp and violent damage and occurs in the coal mining process, and theories and practices show that most of rock burst occurs in a roadway, and control of surrounding rocks of the roadway is an effective measure for preventing rock burst.
For a long time, extensive scholars carry out a great deal of research on rock surrounding control of rock burst roadways, and early-stage single support forms are adopted to support rock burst roadways, but rock burst still frequently occurs; in the middle stage, combined support is adopted, such as anchor rod and U-shaped bracket combined support, anchor rod and I-shaped steel bracket combined support and anchor rod and O-shaped bracket combined support, but the problems of low support construction speed, high labor intensity and high cost exist, so that the support technology is difficult to apply and popularize in a large area; in recent years, large-deformation support systems and high-energy-absorbing materials are increasingly applied to roadway support with rock burst, such as large-deformation anchor rods, single hydraulic pillars, foamed aluminum combined support, truss anchor cable support, constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rods (cables), high-impact-toughness anchor rod support and other support means and forms, although the occurrence of rock burst is reduced to a certain extent, from the aspect of field application, the problems of high labor intensity and high support cost still exist, and therefore the large-area application and popularization of the support technology is limited.
In the prior art, the support of the rock burst roadway is carried out on support members such as anchor rods, anchor cables and metal supports, the stability of the surrounding rock is improved by applying acting force on the surrounding rock of the roadway, and when the rock burst occurs, strong dynamic load acts on the surrounding rock of the roadway and the support members, so that the whole support system belongs to passive bearing, and the resistance of the roadway to the rock burst is still small.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible supporting structure and a supporting method of a rock burst roadway, and from the angle of roadway surrounding rock energy absorption, an energy absorption supporting scheme of 'roadway surface reaction type resin thin-blasting layer supporting + roadway broken surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting + roadway deep anchor cable flexible supporting' is designed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a flexible supporting structure of a rock burst roadway comprises a thin spraying lining layer, roadway surrounding rock grouting holes and anchor cables; the thin spraying lining layer is arranged on the surface of the roadway and is made of a reaction type resin thin spraying layer material; the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes is a plurality, the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes are formed in surrounding rocks around the roadway, and epoxy resin grouting materials are injected into the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes; the number of the anchor cables is a plurality, and the anchor cables are distributed on surrounding rocks around the roadway; the space multilevel energy-absorbing supporting structure of 'roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor cable flexible supporting' is formed by matching of a thin-spraying lining layer on the surface of the roadway, epoxy resin grouting materials injected into grouting holes of surrounding rocks of the roadway and anchor cables arranged on surrounding rocks around the roadway.
The spraying thickness of the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is 10-20 mm, the spraying is carried out in several times, and the single spraying thickness is 5 mm.
The reactive resin thin spray layer material is generated by reacting a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is polyether polyol and a modified additive, the material B is isocyanate, and the ratio of the material A to the material B is 1: 1-1: 2.
The depth of the drill hole for laying the anchor cable is 1-2 m larger than the thickness of the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway is measured by a drilling peeping instrument or an ultrasonic surrounding rock loose circle tester.
The space and the row spacing of the anchor cables need to be comprehensively determined by combining the surrounding rock conditions of the roadway and the rock burst display strength under the secondary mining condition, the space of the anchor cables is 0.6-1.2 m, the row spacing of the anchor cables is 0.6-1.2 m, the small value is obtained when the strong rock burst is displayed and the surrounding rock is broken, and the large value is obtained when the weak rock burst is displayed and the surrounding rock is complete.
The number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes arranged on the surrounding rocks of the two sides of the roadway is 1-3, and the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes arranged on the surrounding rocks of the roadway top plate and the roadway bottom plate is 2-4.
The roadway surrounding rock grouting holes and the anchor cables are arranged side by side, grouting is carried out on the single-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes after primary mining of the roadway is stable, and secondary grouting is carried out on the double-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes with the distance of the roadway section to the working face being 100-150 m before secondary mining of the roadway.
A method for flexibly supporting a rock burst roadway by adopting the flexible supporting structure of the rock burst roadway comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the roadway is tunneled, spraying a reactive resin thin spraying layer material on the surface of the roadway until the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is cured to form a roadway surface thin spraying lining layer;
step two: utilizing a drilling machine to construct drill holes for laying anchor cables on the periphery of a roadway, after the drilling construction is finished, filling an anchoring agent into the drill holes, then inserting the anchor cables into the drill holes, then connecting the anchor cables with the drilling machine, starting the drilling machine, uniformly stirring the anchoring agent, after the anchoring agent is solidified, installing a tray at the exposed end of the anchor cables, and finally utilizing an anchor cable tensioning device to tension the anchor cables to a preset anchoring force;
step three: constructing surrounding rock grouting holes of the roadway at the periphery of the roadway by using a drilling machine, and periodically injecting epoxy resin grouting materials into the surrounding rock grouting holes of the roadway to finally form a space multi-layer energy-absorbing supporting structure of roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor rope flexible supporting on the surrounding rock of the roadway.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a flexible supporting structure and a supporting method of a rock burst roadway, which designs an energy-absorbing supporting scheme of 'roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting + roadway crushed surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting + roadway deep anchor cable flexible supporting' from the perspective of roadway surrounding rock energy absorption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a flexible support structure of a rock burst roadway according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a thin spraying lining layer, 2 is a roadway surrounding rock grouting hole, 3 is an anchor rope, 4 is a loosening ring, and 5 is an epoxy resin grouting material.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a flexible supporting structure of a rock burst roadway comprises a thin spray lining layer 1, a roadway surrounding rock grouting hole 2 and an anchor cable 3; the thin spraying lining layer 1 is arranged on the surface of the roadway surrounding rock, and the thin spraying lining layer 1 is made of a reaction type resin thin spraying layer material; the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2 is a plurality, the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2 are arranged on surrounding rocks around the roadway, and epoxy resin grouting materials are injected into the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2; the number of the anchor cables 3 is a plurality, and the anchor cables 3 are distributed on surrounding rocks around the roadway; the space multilevel energy-absorbing supporting structure of 'roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor cable flexible supporting' is formed by matching of a thin-spraying lining layer on the surface of the roadway, epoxy resin grouting materials injected into grouting holes of surrounding rocks of the roadway and anchor cables arranged on surrounding rocks around the roadway.
Specifically, the sealing and supporting technology of the Thin Spray lining layer (TSL for short) is a new supporting concept originated from Europe and America, and has the advantages of Thin Spray layer, compact texture, good elasticity and ductility, high tensile strength, good bonding with a sprayed surface and the like; the TSL material can be injected into a concrete block gap with the width of 1-2 mm, the penetration depth reaches 20-50 mm, and the cementing strength of the material is enough to fix a single small rock block; the thin spraying lining layer can be used for supporting a roadway and has the following aspects: (1) reinforcing loose rock mass and preventing the loose rock mass from falling; the TSL material spray layer prevents loose rock blocks from falling and limits the mutual movement of the blocks by depending on the tensile strength, the shear strength and the bonding strength of the spray layer and the rock mass; (2) the supporting effect of other supporting structures is enhanced, and when the TSL material and the anchor rod act together, the reinforcing range of the anchor rod is increased to a certain extent due to the tensile strength and ductility of the TSL material; (3) the properties of the surrounding rock and the supporting structure thereof are protected, and when the colloidal spray layer is subjected to static load, the surrounding rock can be sealed to reduce the air entering, so that the expansion of cracks among the surrounding rock blocks is prevented; during dynamic loading, the spray layer can prevent punching gas from entering the surrounding rock, the stability of the surrounding rock is improved, and after the TSL material is sprayed on the surfaces of the anchor rods and the anchor nets, the TSL material is equivalently added with a layer of protective film on the surfaces of the anchor rods and the anchor nets, so that the metal material is prevented from being corroded.
The spraying thickness of the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is 15mm, the spraying is carried out in a fractional mode, and the single spraying thickness is 5 mm.
The reactive resin thin spray layer material is generated by reacting a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is polyether polyol and a modified additive, the material B is isocyanate, and the ratio of the material A to the material B is 1: 1-1: 2.
The drilling depth for laying the anchor cables 3 is 1m larger than the thickness of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the loosening zone 4 of the surrounding rock of the roadway is measured by a drilling peeping instrument or an ultrasonic surrounding rock loosening zone tester.
The space and the row spacing of the anchor cables 3 need to be comprehensively determined by combining the surrounding rock conditions of the roadway and the rock burst display strength under the secondary mining condition, the space of the anchor cables 3 is 1.2m, the row spacing of the anchor cables 3 is 1.2m, the small values are obtained for strong rock burst display and surrounding rock crushing, and the large values are obtained for weak rock burst display and surrounding rock integrity.
The quantity that tunnel country rock slip casting hole 2 set up on the country rock of two sides in the tunnel is 2, and the quantity that tunnel country rock slip casting hole 2 set up on the country rock of tunnel roof and bottom plate is 3.
And the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2 and the anchor cables 3 are arranged side by side, the single-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2 are grouted after primary mining of the roadway is stable, and secondary grouting is carried out on the double-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes 2 by the distance of the roadway section to the working face being 100m before secondary mining of the roadway.
In this embodiment, the depth of the tunnel is 450m, the size (length × width) of the tunnel is 5.3 × 3.9m, and the thickness of the slackening portion 4 measured by the ultrasonic surrounding rock slackening portion tester is 2.5 m.
A method for flexibly supporting a rock burst roadway by adopting the flexible supporting structure of the rock burst roadway comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the roadway is tunneled, spraying a reactive resin thin spraying layer material on the surface of the roadway until the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is cured to form a roadway surface thin spraying lining layer 1;
step two: utilizing a drilling machine to construct drill holes for laying the anchor cables 3 on the periphery of the roadway, after the drilling construction is completed, filling an anchoring agent into the drill holes, then inserting the anchor cables 3 into the drill holes, then connecting the anchor cables 3 with the drilling machine, starting the drilling machine, uniformly stirring the anchoring agent, after the anchoring agent is solidified, installing a tray at the exposed ends of the anchor cables 3, and finally utilizing an anchor cable tensioning device to tension the anchor cables 3 to a preset anchoring force;
step three: constructing surrounding rock grouting holes 2 of the roadway at the periphery of the roadway by using a drilling machine, periodically injecting epoxy resin grouting materials into the surrounding rock grouting holes 2 of the roadway, and finally forming a space multi-level energy-absorbing supporting structure of roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway broken surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor rope flexible supporting on the surrounding rock of the roadway.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a flexible supporting construction in rock burst tunnel which characterized in that: the thin spraying lining layer is arranged on the roadway surrounding rock grouting hole; the thin spraying lining layer is arranged on the surface of the roadway and is made of a reaction type resin thin spraying layer material; the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes is a plurality, the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes are formed in surrounding rocks around the roadway, and epoxy resin grouting materials are injected into the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes; the number of the anchor cables is a plurality, and the anchor cables are distributed on surrounding rocks around the roadway; the space multilevel energy-absorbing supporting structure of 'roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor cable flexible supporting' is formed by matching of a thin-spraying lining layer on the surface of the roadway, epoxy resin grouting materials injected into grouting holes of surrounding rocks of the roadway and anchor cables arranged on surrounding rocks around the roadway.
2. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spraying thickness of the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is 10-20 mm, the spraying is carried out in several times, and the single spraying thickness is 5 mm.
3. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reactive resin thin spray layer material is generated by reacting a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is polyether polyol and a modified additive, the material B is isocyanate, and the ratio of the material A to the material B is 1: 1-1: 2.
4. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth of the drill hole for laying the anchor cable is 1-2 m larger than the thickness of the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway is measured by a drilling peeping instrument or an ultrasonic surrounding rock loose circle tester.
5. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the space and the row spacing of the anchor cables need to be comprehensively determined by combining the surrounding rock conditions of the roadway and the rock burst display strength under the secondary mining condition, the space of the anchor cables is 0.6-1.2 m, the row spacing of the anchor cables is 0.6-1.2 m, the small value is obtained when the strong rock burst is displayed and the surrounding rock is broken, and the large value is obtained when the weak rock burst is displayed and the surrounding rock is complete.
6. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes arranged on the surrounding rocks of the two sides of the roadway is 1-3, and the number of the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes arranged on the surrounding rocks of the roadway top plate and the roadway bottom plate is 2-4.
7. The flexible supporting structure of rock burst roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roadway surrounding rock grouting holes and the anchor cables are arranged side by side, grouting is carried out on the single-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes after primary mining of the roadway is stable, and secondary grouting is carried out on the double-row roadway surrounding rock grouting holes with the distance of the roadway section to the working face being 100-150 m before secondary mining of the roadway.
8. A flexible supporting method of a rock burst roadway, which adopts the flexible supporting structure of the rock burst roadway of claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the roadway is tunneled, spraying a reactive resin thin spraying layer material on the surface of the roadway until the reactive resin thin spraying layer material is cured to form a roadway surface thin spraying lining layer;
step two: utilizing a drilling machine to construct drill holes for laying anchor cables on the periphery of a roadway, after the drilling construction is finished, filling an anchoring agent into the drill holes, then inserting the anchor cables into the drill holes, then connecting the anchor cables with the drilling machine, starting the drilling machine, uniformly stirring the anchoring agent, after the anchoring agent is solidified, installing a tray at the exposed end of the anchor cables, and finally utilizing an anchor cable tensioning device to tension the anchor cables to a preset anchoring force;
step three: constructing surrounding rock grouting holes of the roadway at the periphery of the roadway by using a drilling machine, and periodically injecting epoxy resin grouting materials into the surrounding rock grouting holes of the roadway to finally form a space multi-layer energy-absorbing supporting structure of roadway surface reaction type resin thin-spraying layer supporting, roadway crushing surrounding rock epoxy resin material grouting and roadway deep anchor rope flexible supporting on the surrounding rock of the roadway.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111391751.7A CN113982651A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Flexible supporting structure and supporting method for rock burst roadway |
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| CN202111391751.7A CN113982651A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Flexible supporting structure and supporting method for rock burst roadway |
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| CN113982651A true CN113982651A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116515078A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Thin spray supporting material for coal mine |
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2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202111391751.7A patent/CN113982651A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116515078A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Thin spray supporting material for coal mine |
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