CN113982616A - Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine - Google Patents

Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113982616A
CN113982616A CN202111279989.0A CN202111279989A CN113982616A CN 113982616 A CN113982616 A CN 113982616A CN 202111279989 A CN202111279989 A CN 202111279989A CN 113982616 A CN113982616 A CN 113982616A
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China
Prior art keywords
small
rescue
channel
drilling machine
soil
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Pending
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CN202111279989.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘芝平
李帅
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Central South University
Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Central South University
Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111279989.0A priority Critical patent/CN113982616A/en
Publication of CN113982616A publication Critical patent/CN113982616A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of safety engineering, and particularly relates to a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock soil by using a small-aperture drilling machine, which comprises the following steps: positioning a guide hole, emergency of an auxiliary hole, shaping peripheral holes, protecting a steel support top and carrying out scraper deslagging. According to the invention, the small-aperture guide hole is utilized to accurately position the place where people are trapped, so that the blindness of rescue is avoided; the construction auxiliary hole is used as an emergency rescue channel, so that precious rescue time is strived for; then, utilizing peripheral hole shaping, steel support top protection and scraper slag tapping to form a final large-section rescue channel; the problem that after a rock-soil collapse disaster occurs, ultra-large rescue equipment is long in expropriation and adjustment time, cannot directly enter a narrow working face and is large in tunneling construction work amount can be effectively solved, and the method has the advantages of being wide in application range, strong in practicability, small in equipment investment, simple in construction organization, small in tunneling construction work amount and the like.

Description

Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety engineering, and particularly relates to a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock soil by using a small-aperture drilling machine.
Background
In the construction process of geotechnical engineering projects such as buildings, airports, railways, highways, municipal works, bridges and tunnels, mines and the like, the phenomena of rock-soil spalling and collapse are easy to occur under the actions of complex geological structures, ground stress release, material migration and rock mass deformation, and further disasters such as landslide, debris flow, rock burst, water inrush, mud inrush and the like can be induced. As rock-soil collapse can directly block the escape channel and cut off a communication system, and serious casualty accidents are caused, the rapid tunneling and recovery of the rescue channel are key bottlenecks in striving for rescue time and reducing casualties.
At present, after a rock-soil collapse disaster occurs, an ultra-large drilling machine is required to be regulated to lead the tunneling construction of a rescue channel, and a large amount of precious rescue time is consumed in the process of collection, regulation and transportation. Meanwhile, the mining working surface of geotechnical engineering is often smaller, huge mining machinery cannot enter directly, and rescue can be carried out only on the ground surface or other safety zones far away from the place where people are trapped. Therefore, a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock by using a small-bore drilling machine is developed by fully using a small-bore drilling machine commonly used in the geotechnical engineering construction process, the large-section rescue channel enters a working face closest to a place where people are trapped to perform rescue work immediately after an accident occurs, and the method has important significance for avoiding equipment expropriation time consumption, saving tunneling construction work amount and reducing casualties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that after a rock-soil collapse disaster occurs, ultra-large rescue equipment is long in expropriation and adjustment time, cannot directly enter a narrow working face and is large in tunneling construction work amount, the invention provides a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in the collapsed rock-soil by using a small-aperture drilling machine, and the method has the advantages of wide application range, strong practicability, small equipment investment, simple construction organization and small tunneling construction work amount.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that,
a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock by using a small-bore drilling machine comprises the following steps:
step one, positioning a guide hole: by utilizing a commonly used small-aperture drilling machine in the construction process of the accident site, the drilling machine enters a working surface close to the accident site on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescuers, a plurality of small-aperture guide holes are constructed in the site where the persons are trapped, and the specific positions of the trapped persons are further explored and analyzed;
step two, emergency of the auxiliary hole: under the condition that the guide hole determines the specific position of the trapped person, the small-aperture drilling machine is used for constructing the auxiliary hole, and an air inlet channel, an air return channel and a communication channel are formed together with the guide hole and are used as temporary channels for emergency rescue materials;
step three, peripheral hole shaping: under the premise that trapped people are subjected to emergency rescue, constructing a plurality of peripheral holes by using a small-bore drilling machine, and shaping the outer contour of a final rescue channel together with a guide hole and an auxiliary hole;
step four, protecting the top of the steel bracket: building a trapezoidal steel support at the opening of the rescue channel, and coupling the wall protection sleeves of the peripheral holes, the guide holes and the auxiliary holes into a stable whole to prevent mutual extrusion, dislocation and deformation of the wall protection sleeves;
fifthly, carrying out scraper slag discharging: the scraper is adopted to rake out the collapsed rock soil slag in the rescue channel, a large-section channel for escape of personnel is cleaned, and a trapezoidal steel support is continuously erected along with the propulsion of a cleaning working surface, so that the safety of slag discharging operation is guaranteed.
In the first to third steps, the peripheral holes, the guide holes and the auxiliary holes are all drilled with a pipe following drilling construction method, namely, rigid retaining wall sleeves are pressed in while drilling is carried out, so that the drilled holes are prevented from collapsing or the collapsed rock and soil are prevented from filling the drilled holes; the distance between the wall protection sleeves is less than or equal to 100mm so as to prevent small rock-soil slag from leaking into the finally formed rescue channel.
In the fifth step, the distance between the erected trapezoidal steel supports is less than or equal to 5m so as to prevent the upper collapse covered rock from collapsing.
The method has the technical effects that a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock soil by using a small-aperture drilling machine is developed, the position where people are trapped is accurately positioned by using a small-aperture guide hole, and the blindness of rescue is avoided; the construction auxiliary hole is used as an emergency rescue channel, so that precious rescue time is strived for; and then, utilizing peripheral hole shaping, steel support top protection and scraper slag tapping to form a final large-section rescue channel. The method effectively solves the problems that after the occurrence of the rock-soil collapse disaster, ultra-large rescue equipment has long expropriation time, cannot directly enter a narrow working face and has large tunneling construction work amount, and has the advantages of wide application range, strong practicability, small equipment investment, simple construction organization, small tunneling construction work amount and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings which are needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive labor to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of small-bore holes in collapsed rock;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a small-bore drilling pipe following drilling construction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a trapezoidal steel bracket canopy;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the scraper slag discharge.
In the figure: 1-collapsing rock and soil; 2-a guide hole; 3-auxiliary holes; 4-peripheral holes; 5-a down-the-hole drill bit; 6-an impactor; 7-a wall protecting sleeve; 8-a steel support; 9-steel wire rope; 10-a winch; 11-electric rake.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, but the invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any variations or modifications based on the teachings of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock by using a small-bore drilling machine, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, positioning a guide hole 2: a common small-aperture drilling machine used in the construction process of accident sites is used, on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescuers, the drilling machine enters a working surface close to the accident site of the collapsed rock soil 1, a pilot hole 2 with a small aperture is constructed to the site where the personnel are trapped by a down-the-hole drill 5 under the action of an impactor 6, and the specific positions of the trapped personnel are further explored and analyzed, which is shown in a figure 1 and a figure 2;
step two, the auxiliary hole 3 is emergent: under the condition that the guide hole 2 determines the specific position of the trapped person, an auxiliary hole 3 is constructed by a small-aperture drilling machine and forms an air inlet channel, an air return channel and a communication channel together with the guide hole 2 to be used as a temporary channel for emergency rescue materials, and the temporary channel is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2;
step three, shaping the peripheral holes 4: under the premise that trapped people are subjected to emergency rescue, a plurality of peripheral holes 4 are constructed by using a small-aperture drilling machine, and the peripheral holes, the guide holes 2 and the auxiliary holes 3 form the outer contour of a final rescue channel, which is shown in fig. 1 and 3;
step four, protecting the top of the steel bracket 8: a trapezoidal steel support 8 is built at the opening of the rescue channel, and the peripheral holes 4, the guide holes 2 and the wall protection sleeves 7 of the auxiliary holes 3 are coupled into a stable whole to prevent mutual extrusion, dislocation and deformation of the whole, as shown in figure 3;
step five, discharging slag by the scraper 11: the winch 10 and the steel wire rope 9 are adopted to control the scraper 11 to rake out the collapsed rock and soil 1 slag in the rescue channel, a large-section channel for escape of people is cleaned, the trapezoidal steel support 8 is continuously erected along with the propulsion of a cleaning working surface, and the safety of slag discharging operation is guaranteed, and the figure 4 shows that the special-shaped steel support is a steel support for the escape of people.
Taking a certain mine as an example, mining by a room-pillar method is continuously carried out until self-construction mine, and a large-scale mining space group is generated, wherein the middle section of the mining space group is seriously collapsed after the upper part is stoped, and the collapse of a stope roof and the accident of trapped personnel are easily caused on the lower working face under the action of structural stress. The invention is adopted to realize quick rescue.
Firstly, positioning a guide hole: by utilizing a small-bore drilling machine with the diameter of 90mm commonly used in mining geological prospecting and mining, on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescue workers, the drilling machine is carried to a working surface close to an accident site through a mine car, a pipe following drilling construction method is adopted, namely, a rigid protective wall sleeve is pressed in while drilling, a plurality of small-bore guide holes are constructed in a place where people are trapped, and the specific position of the trapped people is further searched;
secondly, the auxiliary hole is emergent: under the condition that the guide hole determines the specific position of the trapped person, an auxiliary hole with the diameter of 90mm is constructed by using a small-aperture drilling machine and adopting a pipe following drilling construction method, and an air inlet channel, an air return channel and a communication channel are formed together with the guide hole and are used as temporary channels of emergency rescue materials;
thirdly, shaping the peripheral hole: under the premise that trapped people are subjected to emergency rescue, 10 peripheral holes with the diameter of 90mm are constructed by using a small-bore drilling machine and a following pipe drilling construction method, the distance between the wall protection sleeves is 50mm, and the peripheral holes, the guide holes and the auxiliary holes are used for shaping the outer contour of a final rescue channel;
then, steel bracket top protection: a trapezoidal steel support with the height of 0.7m and the width of a waist line of 0.6m is built at the opening of the rescue channel, and the wall protection sleeves of the peripheral holes, the guide holes and the auxiliary holes are coupled into a stable whole to prevent mutual extrusion, dislocation and deformation;
finally, carrying out scraper slag discharging: the small scraper used for mine ore removal is used for raking out the collapsed rock and soil slag in the rescue channel, the channel which is 0.7m in height and 0.6m in width and can be used for people to escape is cleaned, and a trapezoidal steel bracket is erected every 3m along with the propulsion of a cleaning working surface, so that the safety of slag discharging operation is guaranteed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction and operation, but is capable of numerous modifications and equivalents, including those set forth herein, which may vary from the details of the disclosed method and apparatus, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for tunneling a large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using a small-bore drilling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, positioning a guide hole: by utilizing a commonly used small-aperture drilling machine in the construction process of the accident site, the drilling machine enters a working surface close to the accident site on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescuers, a plurality of small-aperture guide holes are constructed in the site where the persons are trapped, and the specific positions of the trapped persons are further explored and analyzed;
step two, emergency of the auxiliary hole: under the condition that the guide hole determines the specific position of the trapped person, the small-aperture drilling machine is used for constructing the auxiliary hole, and an air inlet channel, an air return channel and a communication channel are formed together with the guide hole and are used as temporary channels for emergency rescue materials;
step three, peripheral hole shaping: under the premise that trapped people are subjected to emergency rescue, constructing a plurality of peripheral holes by using a small-bore drilling machine, and shaping the outer contour of a final rescue channel together with a guide hole and an auxiliary hole;
step four, protecting the top of the steel bracket: building a trapezoidal steel support at the opening of the rescue channel, and coupling the wall protection sleeves of the peripheral holes, the guide holes and the auxiliary holes into a stable whole to prevent mutual extrusion, dislocation and deformation of the wall protection sleeves;
fifthly, carrying out scraper slag discharging: the scraper is adopted to rake out the collapsed rock soil slag in the rescue channel, a large-section channel for escape of personnel is cleaned, and a trapezoidal steel support is continuously erected along with the propulsion of a cleaning working surface, so that the safety of slag discharging operation is guaranteed.
2. The method for excavating the rescue channel with the small-bore drilling machine in the collapsed rock and soil according to claim 1, wherein in the first to third steps, the peripheral holes, the pilot holes and the auxiliary holes are all drilled with a pipe following drilling method, i.e. a rigid wall protection sleeve is pressed in while drilling to prevent the collapse of the drilled holes or the filling of the collapsed rock and soil into the drilled holes, and the distance between the wall protection sleeves is less than or equal to 100mm to prevent small rock and soil debris from leaking into the finally formed rescue channel.
3. The method for excavating the rescue channel with the large cross section in the collapsed rock and soil by using the small-aperture drilling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the distance between the erected trapezoidal steel brackets is less than or equal to 5m so as to prevent the rescue channel from being crushed by the overlying rocks with the collapsed upper part.
CN202111279989.0A 2021-11-01 2021-11-01 Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine Pending CN113982616A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111279989.0A CN113982616A (en) 2021-11-01 2021-11-01 Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111279989.0A CN113982616A (en) 2021-11-01 2021-11-01 Method for tunneling large-section rescue channel in collapsed rock and soil by using small-bore drilling machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113982616A true CN113982616A (en) 2022-01-28

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Country Status (1)

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