CN113982179A - Heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113982179A CN113982179A CN202111349264.4A CN202111349264A CN113982179A CN 113982179 A CN113982179 A CN 113982179A CN 202111349264 A CN202111349264 A CN 202111349264A CN 113982179 A CN113982179 A CN 113982179A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein a plurality of bamboo joint cylinder bodies matched with a baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinder bodies, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinder bodies, and the baking-free brick body is prepared from yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent; the preparation method of the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a baking-free brick body; s2, preparing polyurethane slurry; s3, preparing the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick. The baking-free brick provided by the invention has the advantages of high comprehensive utilization rate of wastes, simple operation, environmental protection and wide application prospect, and the prepared baking-free brick has light weight, high compressive strength and excellent heat insulation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of baking-free bricks, in particular to a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The baking-free brick is different from the traditional brick, does not need to be sintered, and is a novel wall brick. The brick has good practicability, does not need to be soaked as traditional bricks before use, has neat appearance, good durability, standard size, complete appearance and uniform color, has simple and natural appearance, can be used as a dry wall and any external decoration, has extremely wide application range and larger market demand, and is an updating product which replaces clay bricks and has great development prospect. The prior baking-free bricks have fewer types, most products have single function, only the improvement of the compressive strength of the products is emphasized, and the improvement of the heat insulation performance is less, so that the baking-free bricks in some places with special requirements are not suitable.
The aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial wastewater produced by non-ferrous metal processing enterprises, and a lot of yellow mud is generated after the treatment, which is a treatment problem for the non-ferrous metal processing enterprises, and a large amount of capital and manpower are consumed for treatment, so that how to fully utilize the waste yellow mud is very important for the enterprises. The improvement of the utilization rate of energy is an important target of the existing industrial production, and the utilization of the waste can not only solve the problem of difficult treatment of the waste, but also reduce the production cost of the product. Based on the above, the invention provides a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing baking-free bricks are few in types and single in function, the existing research mainly aims at modifying the compressive strength of the baking-free bricks, the research on the heat insulation performance of the baking-free bricks is less, and the baking-free bricks in some fields cannot be suitable, and provides the heat-insulation environment-friendly baking-free bricks and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick is characterized in that a plurality of bamboo joint cylinder bodies matched with a baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinder bodies, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinder bodies, and the baking-free brick body is prepared from yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, coagulant, alkali activator and wear-resisting agent
Preferably, the size of the hole is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm.
Preferably, the yellow mud is generated after the aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial sewage of nonferrous metal processing enterprises.
Preferably, the baking-free brick body contains yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent in a mass ratio of 400-700: 100-200: 80-100: 300-400: 20-40: 100-130: 90-100: 70.
preferably, the weight ratio of yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, coagulant, alkali activator and wear-resisting agent in the baking-free brick body is 500: 150: 90: 360: 30: 116: 95: 70.
preferably, the coagulant is one of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride and ferric sulfate, the alkali activator is sodium metaaluminate or sodium silicate, and the anti-wear agent is one of pentafluorophenyl dimethylchlorosilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and diphenylmethylsilane fluorine.
Preferably, the polyurethane material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50-70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2-0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3-6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4-8 parts of bentonite and 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a baking-free brick body: according to the mass ratio of 400-700: 100-200: 80-100: 300-400: 20-40: 100-130: 90-100: 70 weighing yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and an abrasion-resistant agent respectively, adding the weighed yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and abrasion-resistant agent into a mixing stirrer, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A, taking water accounting for 15-20% of the mass of the yellow mud, uniformly mixing 2 parts of the water with the mixture A to obtain a component A, stirring the other part of the water with the weighed coagulant and the alkali activator for 3-4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain a component B, adding the component B into the component A, continuously stirring to be uniform to obtain slurry, placing the obtained slurry into a brick making machine mold, pressing to obtain a baking-free brick body blank, maintaining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a baking-free brick body;
s2, preparing polyurethane slurry: weighing 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50-70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2-0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3-6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4-8 parts of bentonite and 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, placing the weighed toluene diisocyanate and bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide into a reactor, reacting for 5 hours at 40-50 ℃, and then adding the weighed dibutyltin diacetate, bentonite and polyol to react for 5-8 hours at 60-70 ℃ to obtain polyurethane slurry;
s3, combination: and (5) embedding a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body in the middle of the baking-free brick body prepared in the step S1, injecting the polyurethane slurry prepared in the step S2 into the bamboo joint cylinders, placing the bamboo joint cylinders in an oven at 80-85 ℃, reacting for 5-6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and watering and curing for 3-5 days to obtain the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick.
Compared with the prior art, the baking-free brick provided by the invention has the advantages that:
1. the baking-free brick provided by the invention takes yellow mud generated after the waste aluminum ash-based flocculant treats industrial sewage of non-ferrous metal processing enterprises as a main raw material, thereby not only solving the problem of difficulty in treating the waste of the non-ferrous metal processing enterprises, but also reducing the cost of the baking-free brick, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the waste yellow mud and being suitable for the target of the existing industrial production. The yellow mud can be used without being over-treated, the operation is simple and convenient, the environment is protected, the applicable value of the waste yellow mud is increased, and the method has objective market application prospect.
2. The baking-free brick provided by the invention not only utilizes waste yellow mud, but also needs to be matched with slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent in a reasonable proportion to obtain a baking-free brick body with excellent wear resistance.
3. The structure used in the invention can not only improve the function of the baking-free brick, but also firstly maintain the baking-free brick body for several hours under the condition of moist heat when preparing the baking-free brick body, then embed the matched bamboo joint cylinder body in the middle part, and then inject polyurethane slurry to improve the firm combination of the baking-free brick body, the bamboo joint cylinder body and the polyurethane material, and after the later room temperature maintenance, can achieve higher compressive strength and excellent heat insulation performance, especially the sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and the coagulant in the baking-free brick body and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide in the polyurethane material have obvious improvement effect on the compressive performance and the heat insulation performance of the baking-free brick.
4. According to the invention, when the baking-free brick body is prepared, water is uniformly divided into 2 parts, one part is used for mixing with the mixture A, the other part is used for stirring with the rest coagulant and alkali activator for 3 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to promote the coagulant and the alkali activator to be better uniformly mixed with other raw materials of the baking-free brick body, the baking-free brick is obtained through experimental tests, the coagulant, the alkali activator and other components are respectively mixed with the water and then mixed together, agglomeration is not easy to occur, and the uniform mixing effect is far better than that of the coagulant, the alkali activator and the water which are added into the mixture A together. And the experiment proves that the effect is best when the water is equally divided into 2 parts.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick, wherein a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with a baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinders, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinders, and the baking-free brick body is prepared by mixing, by mass, 400: 200: 80: 300: 40: 100: 100: 70 of yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent; the polyurethane material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50 parts of polyester polyol, 0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 8 parts of bentonite and 15 parts of polyethylene glycol;
a preparation method of a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a baking-free brick body: according to the mass ratio of 400: 200: 80: 300: 40: 100: 100: 70 weighing yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and an abrasion-resistant agent respectively, adding the weighed yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and abrasion-resistant agent into a mixing stirrer, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A, uniformly mixing 2 parts of water accounting for 20% of the mass of the yellow mud with the mixture A to obtain a component A, uniformly mixing the other part of water with the weighed coagulant and the alkali activator at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature to obtain a component B, adding the component B into the component A, continuously stirring to be uniform to obtain slurry, placing the obtained slurry into a brick making machine mold, pressing to obtain a baking-free brick body blank, curing for 3 hours under the wet and hot condition of 70 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a baking-free brick body;
s2, preparing polyurethane slurry: weighing 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50 parts of polyester polyol, 0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 8 parts of bentonite and 15 parts of polyethylene glycol, placing the weighed toluene diisocyanate and bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide into a reactor, reacting for 5 hours at 40 ℃, and then adding the weighed dibutyltin diacetate, bentonite and polyol to react for 5 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain polyurethane slurry;
s3, combination: and (5) embedding a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body in the middle of the baking-free brick body prepared in the step S1, injecting the polyurethane slurry prepared in the step S2 into the bamboo joint cylinders, placing the bamboo joint cylinders in an oven at 80 ℃, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and watering and curing for 3 days to obtain the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick.
Wherein the size of the hole is 0.5 cm.
Wherein the yellow mud is generated after the aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial sewage of nonferrous metal processing enterprises.
Wherein, the coagulant is aluminum sulfate, the alkali activator is sodium silicate, and the wear-resisting agent is pentafluorophenyl dimethylchlorosilane.
Example 2
The invention provides a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick, wherein a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with a baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinders, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinders, and the baking-free brick body is prepared by mixing, by mass, 500: 150: 90: 360: 30: 116: 95: 70 of yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent; the polyurethane material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 60 parts of polyester polyol, 0.3 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 5 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 6 parts of bentonite and 18 parts of polyethylene glycol;
a preparation method of a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a baking-free brick body: according to the mass ratio of 500: 150: 90: 360: 30: 116: 95: 70 weighing yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and an abrasion-resistant agent respectively, adding the weighed yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and abrasion-resistant agent into a mixing stirrer, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A, uniformly mixing 2 parts of water accounting for 20% of the mass of the yellow mud with the mixture A to obtain a component A, uniformly mixing the other part of water with the weighed coagulant and the alkali activator at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature to obtain a component B, adding the component B into the component A, continuously stirring to be uniform to obtain slurry, placing the obtained slurry into a brick making machine mold, pressing to obtain a baking-free brick body blank, curing for 3 hours under the wet and hot condition of 75 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a baking-free brick body;
s2, preparing polyurethane slurry: weighing 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 60 parts of polyester polyol, 0.3 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 5 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 6 parts of bentonite and 18 parts of polyethylene glycol, placing the weighed toluene diisocyanate and bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide into a reactor, reacting for 5 hours at 45 ℃, and then adding the weighed dibutyltin diacetate, bentonite and polyol to react for 6 hours at 65 ℃ to obtain polyurethane slurry;
s3, combination: and (5) embedding a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body in the middle of the baking-free brick body prepared in the step S1, injecting the polyurethane slurry prepared in the step S2 into the bamboo joint cylinders, placing the bamboo joint cylinders in an oven at 80 ℃, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and watering and curing for 4 days to obtain the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick.
Wherein the size of the hole is 1 cm.
Wherein the yellow mud is generated after the aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial sewage of nonferrous metal processing enterprises.
Wherein the coagulant is aluminum chloride, the alkali activator is sodium silicate, and the wear-resisting agent is heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane.
Example 3
The invention provides a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick, wherein a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with a baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinders, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinders, and the baking-free brick body is prepared by mixing, by mass, 700: 100: 100: 400: 20: 130: 90: 70 of yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent; the polyurethane material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4 parts of bentonite and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol;
a preparation method of a heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a baking-free brick body: according to the mass ratio of 700: 100: 100: 400: 20: 130: 90: 70 weighing yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and an abrasion-resistant agent respectively, adding the weighed yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and abrasion-resistant agent into a mixing stirrer, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A, uniformly mixing water accounting for 15% of the mass of the yellow mud with 2 parts of the mixture A to obtain a component A, uniformly mixing one part of water with the mixture A, stirring the other part of water with the weighed coagulant and the alkali activator for 4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain a component B, adding the component B into the component A, continuously stirring to be uniform to obtain slurry, placing the obtained slurry into a brick making machine mold, pressing to obtain a baking-free brick body blank, curing for 2 hours under the condition of humidity and heat at the temperature of 80 ℃, and naturally cooling to the room temperature to obtain a baking-free brick body;
s2, preparing polyurethane slurry: weighing 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4 parts of bentonite and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol, placing the weighed toluene diisocyanate and bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide into a reactor, reacting for 5 hours at 50 ℃, and then adding the weighed dibutyltin diacetate, bentonite and polyol to react for 8 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain polyurethane slurry;
s3, combination: and (5) embedding a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body in the middle of the baking-free brick body prepared in the step S1, injecting the polyurethane slurry prepared in the step S2 into the bamboo joint cylinders, placing the bamboo joint cylinders in an oven at 85 ℃, reacting for 5 hours, cooling to room temperature, and watering and curing for 5 days to obtain the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick.
Wherein the size of the hole is 1.5 cm.
Wherein the yellow mud is generated after the aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial sewage of nonferrous metal processing enterprises.
Wherein, the coagulant is ferric sulfate, the alkali activator is sodium metaaluminate, and the wear-resistant agent is diphenylmethylsilane fluoride.
The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free bricks prepared in the examples 1 to 3 are subjected to performance tests, and the main test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Compressive strength MPa | 50 | 56 | 48 |
| Thermal conductivity W/(m.K) | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.11 |
The experimental results in the table 1 show that the baking-free brick obtained by the invention has high compressive strength which can reach more than 45MPa, low heat conductivity coefficient which is less than 0.08-0.13W/(m.K), and excellent heat insulation and preservation effects.
The properties of the baking-free brick provided by the invention are continuously researched, and the following comparative examples are made:
comparative example 1
The baking-free brick body in the embodiment 1 is manufactured into a solid baking-free brick, namely, the bamboo joint cylinder body is not added, the polyurethane material is not filled, and other related contents are the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in the embodiment 1.
And (3) carrying out performance test on the baking-free brick obtained in the comparative example 1, wherein the result is as follows: the compressive strength is 13MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 2.3W/(m.K).
Comparative example 2
The baking-free brick body in the example 1 is kept unchanged, but the bamboo joint cylinder body is not added, polyurethane slurry is directly filled, and other relevant contents are the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in the example 1.
And (3) carrying out performance test on the baking-free brick obtained in the comparative example 2, wherein the result is as follows: the compressive strength is 26MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 0.18W/(m.K).
Comparative example 3
The baking-free brick obtained in the example 1 was kept unchanged, the bamboo joint cylinder was embedded in the middle of the brick, but the bamboo joint cylinder was not provided with a hole, and polyurethane slurry was filled in the bamboo joint cylinder, and other relevant contents were the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in the example 1.
And (3) carrying out performance test on the baking-free brick obtained in the comparative example 3, wherein the result is as follows: the compressive strength is 40MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 0.14W/(m.K).
It can be seen from the experimental results of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 that the polyurethane slurry used in the present invention has an important influence on the thermal conductivity of the baking-free brick obtained in the present invention, and the addition of the bamboo joint cylinder can also slightly reduce the thermal conductivity of the baking-free brick, in addition, the arrangement of the bamboo joint cylinder can significantly improve the compressive strength of the baking-free brick, and particularly, the design of the holes on the bamboo joint cylinder can promote the compressive performance of the baking-free brick, probably because the hole structure can enable the baking-free brick body and the polyurethane material to be better combined, and the hole design can enable stress to be effectively diffused, thereby improving the compressive strength of the baking-free brick.
Comparative example 4
The sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and coagulant in the baking-free brick body and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide in the polyurethane material in example 1 were simultaneously removed, and the other relevant contents were the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and coagulant in the baking-free brick body in example 1 were removed simultaneously, and the other relevant contents were the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide in the polyurethane material of example 1 was removed, and the other related contents were the same as those of the baking-free brick obtained in example 1.
The baking-free bricks obtained in comparative examples 4 to 6 were subjected to the performance test, and the results are shown in Table 2 and compared with those of example 1.
TABLE 2
| Test items | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Compressive strength MPa | 41 | 43 | 44 |
| Thermal conductivity W/(m.K) | 1.13 | 0.82 | 0.76 |
The experimental results in table 2 show that the sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and the coagulant in the baking-free brick body and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide in the polyurethane material have a remarkable control effect on the thermal conductivity coefficient of the baking-free brick, particularly, the heat-insulating property of the baking-free brick is synergistically promoted when the sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, the coagulant and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide are added simultaneously, and the combined effect of the sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, the coagulant and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide is far better than that when the sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, the coagulant and the bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide are added separately.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick is characterized in that a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body are embedded in the middle of the baking-free brick body, a plurality of holes are formed in the bamboo joint cylinders, polyurethane materials are filled in the bamboo joint cylinders, and the baking-free brick body is prepared from yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and a wear-resisting agent.
2. The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the holes is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm.
3. The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yellow mud is generated after an aluminum ash-based flocculating agent is used for treating industrial sewage of non-ferrous metal processing enterprises.
4. The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baking-free brick body comprises yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, coagulant, alkali activator and wear-resisting agent in a mass ratio of 400-700: 100-200: 80-100: 300-400: 20-40: 100-130: 90-100: 70.
5. the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baking-free brick body comprises yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, coagulant, alkali activator and wear-resisting agent in a weight ratio of 500: 150: 90: 360: 30: 116: 95: 70.
6. the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein the coagulant is one of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride and ferric sulfate, the alkali activator is sodium metaaluminate or sodium silicate, and the wear-resisting agent is one of pentafluorophenyl dimethylchlorosilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and diphenylmethylsilane fluorine.
7. The heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyurethane material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50-70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2-0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3-6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4-8 parts of bentonite and 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol.
8. The preparation method of the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a baking-free brick body: according to the mass ratio of 400-700: 100-200: 80-100: 300-400: 20-40: 100-130: 90-100: 70 weighing yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester, a coagulant, an alkali activator and an abrasion-resistant agent respectively, adding the weighed yellow mud, slag powder, cement, aggregate, sodium hexafluoroaluminate polyester and abrasion-resistant agent into a mixing stirrer, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A, taking water accounting for 15-20% of the mass of the yellow mud, uniformly mixing 2 parts of the water with the mixture A to obtain a component A, stirring the other part of the water with the weighed coagulant and the alkali activator for 3-4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain a component B, adding the component B into the component A, continuously stirring to be uniform to obtain slurry, placing the obtained slurry into a brick making machine mold, pressing to obtain a baking-free brick body blank, maintaining for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a baking-free brick body;
s2, preparing polyurethane slurry: weighing 100 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 50-70 parts of polyester polyol, 0.2-0.4 part of dibutyltin diacetate, 3-6 parts of bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide, 4-8 parts of bentonite and 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, placing the weighed toluene diisocyanate and bis- (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -tetrasulfide into a reactor, reacting for 5 hours at 40-50 ℃, and then adding the weighed dibutyltin diacetate, bentonite and polyol to react for 5-8 hours at 60-70 ℃ to obtain polyurethane slurry;
s3, combination: and (5) embedding a plurality of bamboo joint cylinders matched with the baking-free brick body in the middle of the baking-free brick body prepared in the step S1, injecting the polyurethane slurry prepared in the step S2 into the bamboo joint cylinders, placing the bamboo joint cylinders in an oven at 80-85 ℃, reacting for 5-6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and watering and curing for 3-5 days to obtain the heat-insulating environment-friendly baking-free brick.
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