Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material which has the advantages of good solvent resistance and excellent mechanical property.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-70 parts of homopolymerized polypropylene;
1-8 parts of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer;
1-6 parts of a compatilizer;
10-70 parts of long glass fiber;
0.2-2 parts of an auxiliary agent;
in the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer chain segment, the content of an ethylene unit is 25-45 mol%;
the long glass fiber is selected from one or more of HMG long glass fiber, S-1 long glass fiber, TM long glass fiber and S-2 long glass fiber.
Preferably, 40-50 parts of homopolymerized polypropylene and 40-60 parts of long glass fiber. In the prior art, the higher the content of glass fiber is, the less the wettability is, the more the solvent resistance is rapidly reduced. In the technical scheme of the invention, the solvent resistance is slowly reduced only when the long glass fiber reaches 60 parts, which shows that the ultrahigh-strength long glass fiber has good wettability.
The long glass fibers have an average diameter of 12-20 microns, preferably, the long glass fibers have an average diameter of 14-17 microns; preferably, the long glass fiber is selected from HMG long glass fiber.
The long glass fibers listed above are high-strength alkali-free continuous glass fibers, and have higher strength than other kinds of long glass fibers, but the impregnation difficulty is higher.
The melt index of the homopolymerized polypropylene is 10-150 g/10min, the conditions are 230 ℃ and 2.16kg, and the test standard is ISO 1133.
Preferably, in the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer chain segment, the content of ethylene units is 30mol% to 40 mol%.
The melt index of the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is 2-5 g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg and the test standard is ISO 1133; preferably, the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer has a melt index of 3-4g/10min and a test standard of ISO 1133.
The compatilizer is selected from at least one of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, acrylic acid grafted polypropylene, maleic acid grafted polypropylene and glycidyl acrylate grafted polypropylene, wherein the grafting rate of maleic anhydride, maleic acid, acrylic acid and glycidyl acrylate is 1-1.5wt%, the melt index of the compatilizer is 50-120 g/10min, and the compatilizer is 2.16Kg under the condition of 190 ℃. The grafting rate can be determined by acid-base titration.
Preferably, the compatibilizer is selected from maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene.
The lubricant further comprises 0-2 parts of auxiliary agent by weight, wherein the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of antioxidant, lubricant and nucleating agent.
The antioxidant may be a hindered phenol or phosphite antioxidant complex.
The lubricant may be silicones, esters, amides, polyethylenes, stearates, fatty acids and esters, etc.
The nucleating agent is an inorganic nucleating agent with the particle size of less than 1 mu m, and can be talcum powder, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and the like.
The preparation method of the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the components except for the long glass fiber according to the proportion, carrying out melting and mixing through a double-screw extruder, enabling a molten material to pass through an infiltration die head, enabling the long glass fiber to enter a die head preimpregnation system through a tension dispersion system, enabling the long glass fiber to enter the infiltration die head after being immersed in an preimpregnation die, enabling the resin and the long glass fiber to be uniformly dispersed in the infiltration die head, carrying out extrusion granulation, enabling the temperature of an extruder to be 210-280 ℃ and the temperature of the infiltration die head to be 270-320 ℃ and obtaining the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material.
The long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material is applied to preparing automobile interior and exterior trims, industrial fans and electric tool structural parts.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the prior art, the high-strength long glass fiber and the resin matrix are difficult to be completely soaked.
Regarding the formula, the ultra-high strength long glass fiber is specially selected, and the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer with a specific repeating unit structure is added, so that the wettability and the dispersibility of the ultra-high strength long glass fiber in a homo-polypropylene resin matrix can be obviously improved, and the solvent resistance and the mechanical property of the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material are further improved.
Regarding the preparation method, the ultrahigh-strength long glass fiber can obviously improve the wettability of the long glass fiber and the resin matrix through the dispersion of the tension system and the pre-impregnation system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The raw material sources used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows:
homo-polypropylene A: M60T, medium petrifaction, 60g/10min, at 230 ℃ and 2.16 Kg;
homo-polypropylene B: Z30S, medium petrifaction, 25g/10min, at 230 ℃ and 2.16 Kg;
copolymerized polypropylene: EP548R, Zhonghai Shell brand, 30g/10min, at 230 ℃ and 2.16 Kg;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer a: the ethylene unit content is 29mol%, the melt index is 3.0g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg, and the ethylene unit is commercially available;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer B: the ethylene unit content is 32mol%, the melt index is 3.7g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg, and the ethylene unit is commercially available;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer C: the ethylene unit content is 38mol%, the melt index is 3.7g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg, and the ethylene unit is commercially available;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer D: the ethylene unit content is 44mol%, the melt index is 4.0g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg, and the ethylene unit is commercially available;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer E: the ethylene unit content is 35mol%, the melt index is 2.3g/10min, the conditions are 210 ℃, 2.16kg, and the ethylene unit is commercially available;
ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer F: the ethylene unit content was 35mol%, the melt index was 4.4g/10min, the conditions were 210 ℃ and 2.16kg, commercially available;
a compatilizer A: maleic anhydride is grafted on polypropylene, the grafting rate of the maleic anhydride is 1wt%, the melt index is 80g/10min, the conditions are 230 ℃, and 2.16Kg is carried out;
a compatilizer B: acrylic acid is grafted with polypropylene, the acrylic acid grafting rate is 0.5wt%, the melt index is 50g/10min, the conditions are 230 ℃, and 2.16Kg is carried out;
a compatilizer C: grafting polypropylene with maleic acid, wherein the grafting rate of the maleic acid is 1.2wt%, the melt index is 100g/10min, and the conditions are 230 ℃ and 2.16 Kg;
a compatilizer D: grafting polypropylene with glycidyl acrylate, wherein the grafting rate of the glycidyl acrylate is 1wt%, the melt index is 70g/10min, and the conditions are 230 ℃ and 2.16 Kg;
long glass fiber a-1: HMG838T, average diameter 17 microns;
long glass fiber a-2: HMG838T, mean diameter 14 microns;
long glass fiber a-3: HMG838T, average diameter 12 microns;
long glass fiber a-4: HMG838T, 20 micron average diameter;
long glass fiber B: s-1 Glass with an average diameter of 17 microns;
long glass fiber C: TM4305, average diameter 17 microns;
long glass fiber D: s-2 Glass, average diameter 14 microns;
long glass fiber E: EDR240-T838T, average diameter 17 microns.
Antioxidant: the antioxidant 1010/antioxidant 168 is compounded in a ratio of 1: 1;
lubricant: lubricant-a-C540A.
The preparation method of the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material is characterized by uniformly mixing homo-polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, compatilizer and auxiliary agent according to the proportion, carrying out melt mixing through a double-screw extruder, passing a melt material through an infiltration die head, enabling long glass fibers to enter a die head preimpregnation system through a tension dispersion system, entering the infiltration die head after the long glass fibers are immersed in an preimpregnation die, uniformly dispersing resin and the long glass fibers in the infiltration die head, extruding and granulating, wherein the extruder heating blocks have 9 temperature sections, the temperature is 50/180/210/280/280/280//280/280/280 ℃, the rotating speed is 550rpm, and the temperature of the infiltration die head is 270-.
Various testing methods
(1) Impact strength of the simply supported beam notch: according to ISO179/1eA standard, using an injection molding machine to mold the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material into a test sample strip with the thickness of 4mm, and testing the impact strength of a notch of a simply supported beam of the sample strip at 23 ℃;
(2) tensile strength: according to ISO527-1/2 standard, molding the long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material into a test sample strip with the thickness of 4mm by using an injection molding machine, and testing the tensile strength of the sample strip under the test speed condition of 23 ℃ and 5 mm/min;
(3) evaluation of ethylene glycol resistance: uniformly mixing ethylene glycol and deionized water according to the volume ratio of 1:1, pouring the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing the prepared tensile test sample strip in the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle in an ageing oven at 120 ℃ for ageing for 1000 hours, and testing the retention rate of the tensile strength performance.
(4) Evaluation of electrolyte resistance: preparing concentrated sulfuric acid and deionized water into a 35wt% sulfuric acid solution, introducing the sulfuric acid solution into a container, placing the prepared tensile test sample strip into a device shown in the attached drawing of the specification, and heating at 70 ℃ for 24 hours to test the tensile strength performance retention rate.
Table 1: examples 1-8 Long glass fiber Polypropylene composite materials (parts by weight) and test results
|
Example 1
|
Example 2
|
Example 3
|
Example 4
|
Example 5
|
Example 6
|
Example 7
|
Example 8
|
Homo-polypropylene A
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
70
|
50
|
40
|
30
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
5
|
7
|
8
|
Compatibilizing agent A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
Long glass fiber A-1
|
30
|
|
|
|
10
|
40
|
60
|
70
|
Long glass fiber A-2
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long glass fiber A-3
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long glass fiber A-4
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
Antioxidant agent
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
Lubricant agent
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
Impact strength of simply supported beam gap, kJ/m2 |
38
|
38
|
36
|
35
|
18
|
40
|
42
|
40
|
Tensile strength, MPa
|
138
|
138
|
131
|
130
|
80
|
150
|
145
|
142
|
Retention of the tensile strength properties of ethylene glycol%
|
94.3
|
94.8
|
93.6
|
93.5
|
92.8
|
95.7
|
95.6
|
93.8
|
Retention of tensile strength properties against electrolyte solution%
|
98.3
|
98.7
|
97.5
|
97.4
|
96.8
|
99.3
|
99.2
|
97.9 |
As can be seen from examples 1-4, the preferred average diameter of the ultra-high strength long glass fiber is 14-17 microns.
From example 1/5/6/7/8, it is clear that the preferred blending ratio of homopolypropylene to long glass fiber is the best mechanical property and the solvent resistance is also better.
Table 2: examples 9-11 Long glass fiber Polypropylene composite (parts by weight) and test results
|
Example 9
|
Example 10
|
Example 11
|
Homo-polypropylene A
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
Compatibilizing agent A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
Long glass fiber B
|
30
|
|
|
Long glass fiber C
|
|
30
|
|
Long glass fiber D
|
|
|
30
|
Antioxidant agent
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
Lubricant agent
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
Impact strength of simply supported beam gap, kJ/m2 |
37
|
38
|
35
|
Tensile strength, MPa
|
135
|
138
|
139
|
Retention of the tensile strength properties of ethylene glycol%
|
93.5
|
93.2
|
93.9
|
Retention of tensile strength properties against electrolyte solution%
|
96.1
|
97.2
|
95.8 |
As can be seen from example 1/2/9/10/11, HMG glass fibers are preferred, the better compatibility giving a better combination of mechanical properties and solvent resistance.
Table 2: examples 12-14 Long glass fiber Polypropylene composite (parts by weight) and test results
|
Example 12
|
Example 13
|
Example 14
|
Homo-polypropylene A
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
Compatibilizer B
|
3
|
|
|
Compatibilizer C
|
|
3
|
|
Compatibilizing agent D
|
|
|
3
|
Long glass fiber A
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
Antioxidant agent
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
Lubricant agent
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
Impact strength of simply supported beam gap, kJ/m2 |
36
|
34
|
33
|
Tensile strength, MPa
|
136
|
136
|
132
|
Retention of the tensile strength properties of ethylene glycol%
|
93.7
|
93.5
|
93.2
|
Retention of tensile strength properties against electrolyte solution%
|
97.8
|
97.4
|
97.1 |
From example 1/12/13/14, a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene compatibilizer is preferred.
Table 3: examples 15-21 Long glass fiber Polypropylene composite (parts by weight) and test results
|
Example 15
|
Example 16
|
Example 17
|
Example 18
|
Example 19
|
Example 20
|
Homo-polypropylene A
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
|
Homo-polypropylene B
|
|
|
|
|
|
60
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer B
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer C
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer D
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer E
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer F
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Compatibilizing agent A
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
Long glass fiber A
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
Antioxidant agent
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
Lubricant agent
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
Impact strength of simply supported beam gap, kJ/m2 |
38
|
39
|
34
|
37
|
37
|
36
|
Tensile strength, MPa
|
139
|
140
|
134
|
137
|
136
|
137
|
Retention of the tensile strength properties of ethylene glycol%
|
95.2
|
94.8
|
94.1
|
94.7
|
95.0
|
95.5
|
Retention of tensile strength properties against electrolyte solution%
|
98.7
|
98.9
|
97.5
|
97.9
|
97.4
|
98.8 |
As can be seen from examples 1/15-19, the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer preferably has an ethylene unit content of 30mol% to 40mol% and a melt index of 3 to 4g/10 min.
Table 4: comparative long glass fiber polypropylene composite material (parts by weight) and test results
|
Comparative example 1
|
Comparative example 2
|
Comparative example 3
|
Comparative example 4
|
Homo-polypropylene A
|
60
|
60
|
60
|
|
Polypropylene copolymer
|
|
|
|
60
|
Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer A
|
1
|
|
10
|
1
|
Compatibilizing agent A
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Long glass fiber A
|
|
10
|
10
|
10
|
Long glass fibers E
|
10
|
|
|
|
Antioxidant agent
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
Lubricant agent
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
Impact strength of simply supported beam gap, kJ/m2 |
15
|
17
|
15
|
18
|
Tensile strength, MPa
|
73
|
79
|
74
|
76
|
Retention of the tensile strength properties of ethylene glycol%
|
90.5
|
90.0
|
92.4
|
92.0
|
Retention of tensile strength properties against electrolyte solution%
|
92.2
|
92.4
|
91.9
|
93.2 |
As is clear from comparative example 1, the strength of the conventional glass fiber is low, and the ethylene glycol resistance and the electrolyte resistance are insufficient.
Comparative example 2/3 shows that ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is critical to the application of the present invention and that too much addition will adversely reduce the strength and the ethylene glycol and electrolyte resistance.
As can be seen from comparative example 4, the copolymerized polypropylene cannot achieve the technical effects of the present invention.