CN113979612A - Sludge dewatering test system for teaching - Google Patents
Sludge dewatering test system for teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN113979612A CN113979612A CN202111423321.9A CN202111423321A CN113979612A CN 113979612 A CN113979612 A CN 113979612A CN 202111423321 A CN202111423321 A CN 202111423321A CN 113979612 A CN113979612 A CN 113979612A
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- sludge
- teaching
- sludge dewatering
- filter
- pressure
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge dewatering test system for teaching, which comprises a pressurizing device, a filter chamber, a liquid collecting tank and a vacuum pump, wherein the pressurizing device is provided with a piston plate which can move up and down to dewater sludge in the filter chamber; a micropore pressure gauge for detecting the pore water pressure of the sludge is arranged in the filter; the vacuum degree of the vacuum pump and the loading pressure of the pressurizing device can be adjusted. The invention combines vacuum and pressure loading, can carry out sludge drainage experiments under various vacuum conditions, pressure conditions and boundary conditions according to experimental requirements, realizes real-time monitoring on the water content of sludge under the action of vacuum, the average permeability coefficient of a sludge layer at each moment and the real-time pore water pressure of the sludge in the experiment, has strong applicability, and can meet the requirements of sludge dewatering research and teaching use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to sludge dewatering consolidation, in particular to a sludge dewatering test system for teaching.
Background
The general particles of the sludge are smaller, and due to the Mandel-Crire effect, the sludge close to the drainage boundary is firstly drained and consolidated, so that the integral permeability coefficient of the sludge is reduced, and the sludge is difficult to be effectively and quickly consolidated. The existing sludge dewatering consolidation methods comprise a vacuum filtration method, a filter pressing method and the like, and the existing sludge dewatering consolidation methods are often unsatisfactory in the aspects of dewatering effect, energy consumption and the like, and the fundamental reason is that the sludge dewatering mechanism and the optimal dewatering mode are not clear. In addition, the scientific research of sludge dehydration progresses slowly, and engineering technicians are lacked, the main reason is that the development of relevant courses of all colleges and universities is less, and particularly, relevant experimental teaching equipment is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a sludge dewatering test system for teaching, which can be used for researching a sludge consolidation mechanism.
The technical scheme is as follows: the sludge dewatering test system for teaching comprises a pressurizing device and a filter tank, wherein the pressurizing device is provided with a piston plate which can move up and down to dewater sludge in the filter tank; a micropore pressure gauge for detecting the pore water pressure of the sludge is arranged in the filter; the vacuum degree of the vacuum pump and the loading pressure of the pressurizing device can be adjusted.
The invention combines vacuum and pressure loading, and the vacuum degree and pressure condition can be adjusted by experimenters according to the requirements. The pressurizing device provides stable loading pressure for the sludge in the filter chamber, the vacuum pump provides required vacuum pressure for the system, the electronic scale can measure the weight of discharged liquid, and the micropore pressure gauges can be multiple and are arranged at different positions in the filter chamber so as to know the pore water pressure in the sludge dewatering process at different positions.
Furthermore, a plug connector is detachably fixed on the lower end face of the piston plate, a filter medium is filled in an inner cavity of the plug connector, a first drainage plate is inserted into the side face of the plug connector, and a drainage hole in butt joint with a drainage port in the piston plate is formed in the upper portion of the plug connector. The first drainage plate is replaceable, and the plug connector can be detached, so that the boundary condition of the top part can be adjusted conveniently (such as the shape and thickness of the filter medium and the first drainage plate).
Furthermore, an overhead cavity is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank, a bottom water outlet communicated with the overhead cavity is formed in the side surface of the filter tank, and the bottom water outlet is connected with a liquid collecting tank. Therefore, the technical scheme can be used for carrying out experiments such as double-drainage surface loading, single-drainage surface loading, double-sided vacuum drainage no-loading, single-sided vacuum drainage no-loading, double-sided vacuum drainage loading, single-sided vacuum drainage loading and the like, and has stronger applicability.
Furthermore, the filter comprises a base and a filter body, a second water drainage plate, a water filtering geotextile and a percolation layer are sequentially arranged on the base from bottom to top, and an overhead cavity is arranged below the second water drainage plate; the base and the filter body are matched through a step surface, the sealing rubber ring is arranged and fastened through the prestress fastener, and the sealing reliability can be ensured. The filter is of a split structure, so that the percolation layer is convenient to replace, the influence of the thickness, the material, the shape and the like of the percolation layer on the sludge dewatering speed is conveniently researched, and the boundary condition of the bottom is adjusted.
Further, the filter body is embedded with a transparent acrylic plate, and the transparent acrylic plate is provided with scales for indicating the liquid level and the turbid level of the sludge. The transparent acrylic plate is convenient for observing the consolidation change of the sludge in the sludge dewatering process during teaching. And recording the height of the turbid surface at the sludge drainage time and the drainage amount in a certain time, so as to calculate the change condition of the sludge permeability coefficient along with the water content.
Furthermore, the filter body is lifted up or lowered down through jacks arranged on two sides, so that experimenters can conveniently adjust and replace the percolation layer and the like on the base after the filter body is lifted up.
Furthermore, the upper part of the side surface of the filter body is provided with a sludge inlet, and modulated sludge required by the test is added into the filter through the sludge inlet.
Furthermore, the base is provided with an air vent communicated with the overhead cavity, and the air vent is beneficial to draining accumulated water in the cavity of the rack before the test starts; the air vent valve is adjusted in the test, so that the vacuum pressure of the system is ensured, and meanwhile, the liquid in the overhead cavity is ensured to be pumped to the liquid collecting tank in time for weighing, and the real-time performance of the water discharge detection is ensured. When the vacuum pressure in the filter tank is consistent with the pressure in the liquid collecting tank; the water collecting device has the advantages that air circulation is not achieved completely, water collecting in the cavity cannot be timely pumped to the liquid collecting tank to be weighed, only a small air hole needs to be formed in the test, and the liquid in the cavity is guaranteed to be timely pumped out to be weighed while the vacuum pressure of the system is guaranteed.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the vacuum degree of the filter, vacuum valves are arranged on the water outlet on the piston plate and each external interface (such as a sludge inlet, a bottom water outlet and an air vent) on the filter, and when a specific experiment is carried out, the corresponding vacuum valve is opened or closed.
Furthermore, the pressurizing device comprises a cross beam and two vertical screw rods, wherein the cross beam moves up and down on the two vertical screw rods and is locked by a self-locking nut; a motor is fixed on the cross beam and drives a loading screw rod to move up and down, and a piston plate is fixed at the lower end of the loading screw rod.
Further, a water pump is connected to the liquid collection tank and is used for discharging collected liquid so as to carry out the next test.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention can adjust the vacuum degree, the loading pressure and the boundary condition, measure and analyze the parameters of sludge dehydration under different initial conditions and boundary conditions, has strong applicability and can meet the use requirements of sludge dehydration research and teaching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the pressurizing means;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a filter;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mating structure between the plug and the first drainage plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fitting structure between the filter body and the base.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a sludge dewatering test system for teaching comprises a pressurizing device 1, a filter tank 2, a pore pressure detection device 3, a liquid collection tank 4 and a vacuum pump 5, wherein the filter tank 2 is of a split structure and comprises a base 201 and a filter tank body 202, a second drain board, a water-filtering geotextile and a percolation layer are sequentially arranged on the base 201 from bottom to top, an overhead cavity is arranged below the second drain board, and the overhead cavity plays roles in stabilizing vacuum and temporarily storing water. The bottom of the side surface of the base 201 is provided with a bottom water outlet 205 communicated with the overhead cavity, the second water discharging plate is uniformly provided with holes, the hole diameter is 10mm, and the hole distance is 20-40 mm. The base 201 and the filter chamber body 202 are matched through a step surface, are provided with sealing rubber rings and are fastened through a prestress fastener 208. The filter body 202 is made of a steel plate, a transparent acrylic plate is inserted on the steel plate, and the seam is sealed by silica gel; the transparent acrylic plate is provided with a scale 203 for indicating the sludge liquid level and the turbid level. The filter body 202 is lifted or lowered by the jacks 207 arranged on the two sides. The upper part of the side surface of the filter body 202 is provided with a sludge inlet 204, the base 201 is also provided with an air vent 206 communicated with the overhead cavity, and a vacuum valve on the air vent 206 is slightly opened during a test, so that water in the overhead cavity can be timely discharged.
The pressurizing device 1 comprises a cross beam 102 and two vertical screws 101, the bottoms of the vertical screws 101 are embedded in advance, and the cross beam 102 can move up and down on the two vertical screws 101 to adjust the height and is locked by a self-locking nut 103; the beam 102 is fixed with a motor 104 through bolts, the motor 104 drives a loading screw 105 to move up and down, a piston plate 106 is fixed at the lower end part of the loading screw 105, the surface of the piston plate 106 is wrapped by a rubber sleeve, and the piston plate 106 presses down along the inner wall of the filter chamber 2 to dehydrate sludge in the filter chamber 2. The motor 104 provides 5-30 KN of stable pressure through the adjusting strain switch on the motor. The lower end face of the piston plate 106 is detachably fixed (such as screwed) with a plug connector 107, the two sides of the plug connector 107 are plugged with six first drain plates 108 in total, the inner cavity of the plug connector 107 is filled with filter media (such as fine sand and cotton nets), a drain hole 109 is arranged above the plug connector 107, and the drain hole 109 is vertically aligned with a drain hole on the piston plate 106 and is connected through a short connecting pipe. The water primarily filtered by the first drainage plate 108 enters the inner cavity of the plug 107, and is filtered again and then discharged from the drainage hole 109 and the drainage port on the piston plate 106. First rowThe thickness of the water plate 108 is 3-5 mm, and the permeability coefficient is less than 1 multiplied by 10-3m/s. The plug connector 107 and the first drainage plate 108 are detached or replaced according to test requirements, and the requirements of a sludge dewatering consolidation test under various boundary conditions are met.
The liquid collection tank 4 is arranged on the electronic scale and is respectively connected with a water outlet on the piston plate 106, the vacuum pump 5 and a bottom water outlet 205, a vacuum meter for monitoring the vacuum degree is arranged on the liquid collection tank 4, and the vacuum pump 5 provides 100kpa of vacuum negative pressure to the maximum; the pore pressure detection device 3 comprises a host end, an acquisition instrument and a plurality of micropore pressure gauges for detecting the pore water pressure of the sludge, the micropore pressure gauges are arranged at different positions in the filter 2 according to the test requirements during measurement, and the pore pressure change of the different positions in the sludge dewatering and consolidation process is researched through the analysis of strain signals of the micropore pressure gauges; the wiring of the micropore pressure meter passes through the piston plate 106 to be connected with the acquisition instrument, a leaf valve is arranged at the position of a wire hole of the piston plate 106, and the shrinkage wire hole of the leaf valve before test is sealed by silica gel. In order to meet the vacuum requirement, the water outlet on the piston plate 106 and each external communication port on the filter chamber 2 are provided with a vacuum ball valve.
The method of use of the invention will now be described by way of example in a bottom vacuum drainage loading test.
(1) Adjusting a self-locking nut 103, moving the cross beam 102 to a proper height, and fixing the cross beam; the piston plate 106 is pulled out from the filter chamber 2 by starting the motor 104, and then the filter chamber body 202 is lifted to a certain height by the jack 207;
(2) cutting a draining geotextile with a proper size, covering the draining geotextile on a second drainage plate, and laying a 5 cm-thick percolation layer prefabricated by taking crop straws as percolation materials on the draining geotextile;
(3) the wiring of the micropore pressure gauge penetrates out of the piston plate 106 and is connected with the collecting instrument, and the collecting instrument and the host end are started to calibrate the micropore pressure gauge so that the measured pore pressure is the accurate measured pore pressure; then, embedding the micropore pressure gauge at a position required by the test design; and finally, the leaf valve is shrunk, and the line hole is sealed by silica gel to ensure the air tightness.
(4) The filter chamber body 202 is descended and buckled with the base 201, and the piston plate 10 is driven by the starting motor 1046, putting down the sludge to the position above the sludge inlet 204 to seal the system; initial water content w of sludge before test0Initial density ρMudMeasuring basic parameters;
(5) connecting the filter 2, the liquid collection tank 4 and the vacuum pump 5 by using a vacuum hose, closing the air vent 206 and vacuum valves of the water outlets, adding sludge from the sludge inlet 204, starting the vacuum pump 5, stopping adding the sludge when the sludge is added to be level with the sludge inlet 204, starting the pressurizing device 1 to move the piston plate 106 to the sludge surface, opening the vacuum valve of the water outlet 205 at the bottom, starting vacuum preloading, and starting the pressurizing device 1 to apply pressure according to the requirement of experimental design;
(6) the sludge dewatering process can be observed through a transparent acrylic plate, and the real-time liquid level height, the turbid level height and the reading of an electronic scale are recorded; and (3) when the test is finished, the vacuum pump 5 is closed, the vacuum valve of the air vent 206 is opened to release pressure, the prestress fastener 208 is opened, the filter body 202 is lifted to a certain height, and the sludge is pushed out through the piston plate 106.
The test volume of the filter 2 is V, and the initial water content of the sludge to be treated is V
Testing the quality m of the initial sludge Water by means of a drying testWater 0Mass m of earthSoil for soil(ii) a Density is rhoMudIn the case of (1), the real-time water content in the sludge dehydration treatment process is
Wherein m isWater (W)The mass of liquid collected in the liquid collection tank 4. At the same time can also pass through the formula
Calculating the porosity ratio of the real-time sludge, wherein e is the porosity ratio, GsIs the specific gravity of soil particles, SrIs the sludge saturation.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a teaching is with mud dehydration test system, includes pressure device (1) and filtering pond (2), is equipped with piston plate (106) that can reciprocate to make mud dehydration in filtering pond (2) on pressure device (1), its characterized in that: the sludge dewatering test system further comprises a liquid collecting tank (4) and a vacuum pump (5), wherein the liquid collecting tank (4) is arranged on the electronic scale and is respectively connected with the vacuum pump (5) and a water outlet on the piston plate (106); a micropore pressure gauge for detecting the pore water pressure of the sludge is arranged in the filter tank (2); the vacuum degree of the vacuum pump (5) and the loading pressure of the pressurizing device (1) can be adjusted.
2. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 1, wherein: the water filter is characterized in that a plug connector (107) is detachably fixed on the lower end face of the piston plate (106), a filter medium is filled in the inner cavity of the plug connector (107), a first drainage plate (108) is plugged into the side face of the plug connector (107), and a drainage hole (109) which is in butt joint with a drainage port in the piston plate (106) is formed in the upper portion of the plug connector (107).
3. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the filter tank (2) is provided with an overhead cavity, the side surface of the filter tank (2) is provided with a bottom water outlet (205) communicated with the overhead cavity, and the bottom water outlet (205) is connected with the liquid collecting tank (4).
4. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 3, wherein: the filter tank (2) comprises a base (201) and a filter tank body (202), a second drainage plate, a water-filtering geotextile and a percolation layer are sequentially arranged on the base (201) from bottom to top, and an overhead cavity is arranged below the second drainage plate; the base (201) is matched with the filter body (202) through a step surface, a sealing rubber ring is arranged, and the sealing rubber ring is buckled through a prestress fastener (208).
5. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 4, wherein: a transparent acrylic plate is embedded on the filter body (202), and scales (203) used for indicating the sludge liquid level and the turbid level are arranged on the transparent acrylic plate.
6. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 4, wherein: the filter body (202) is lifted or lowered through jacks (207) arranged on two sides.
7. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 4, wherein: and a sludge inlet (204) is formed in the upper part of the side surface of the filter body (202).
8. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 4, wherein: and the base (201) is provided with an air vent (206) communicated with the overhead cavity.
9. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 1, wherein: the pressurizing device (1) comprises a cross beam (102) and two vertical screws (101), wherein the cross beam (102) moves up and down on the two vertical screws (101) and is locked by a self-locking nut (103); a motor (104) is fixed on the cross beam (102), the motor (104) drives a loading screw rod (105) to move up and down, and a piston plate (106) is fixed at the lower end part of the loading screw rod (105).
10. The sludge dewatering testing system for teaching of claim 1, wherein: and the liquid collecting tank (4) is connected with a water pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111423321.9A CN113979612A (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Sludge dewatering test system for teaching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111423321.9A CN113979612A (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Sludge dewatering test system for teaching |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113979612A true CN113979612A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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ID=79732116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111423321.9A Pending CN113979612A (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Sludge dewatering test system for teaching |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105776805A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 上海大学 | Small-scale test device for pressure filtration and dehydration of sludge |
| CN111423087A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-17 | 河海大学 | Sludge dewatering machine for teaching and teaching use method |
| CN111847826A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏科技大学 | Bottom vacuum negative pressure double-sided rapid sludge dewatering experiment and application system |
-
2021
- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111423321.9A patent/CN113979612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105776805A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-20 | 上海大学 | Small-scale test device for pressure filtration and dehydration of sludge |
| CN111423087A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-17 | 河海大学 | Sludge dewatering machine for teaching and teaching use method |
| CN111847826A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏科技大学 | Bottom vacuum negative pressure double-sided rapid sludge dewatering experiment and application system |
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Application publication date: 20220128 |