CN113979259A

CN113979259A - Elevator speed-limiting falling protector and elevator

Info

Publication number: CN113979259A
Application number: CN202111147100.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林正; 李俊凯; 朱陆航
Original assignee: Zhejiang Zhiling Technology Co ltd; Zhejiang Institute of Special Equipment Science
Current assignee: Zhejiang Zhiling Technology Co ltd; Zhejiang Institute of Special Equipment Science
Priority date: 2021-09-29
Filing date: 2021-09-29
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-29
Also published as: CN113979259B

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator speed-limiting falling protector, which is characterized in that: the elevator speed-limiting falling protector is high in triggering speed, has a braking self-locking function and high safety performance, and can be used as auxiliary safety equipment of an existing speed limiter-safety clamp linkage device, so that the running safety of an elevator of the equipment can be greatly improved, and the safety and stable deceleration of the elevator in the falling process can be guaranteed.

Description

Elevator speed-limiting falling protector and elevator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of elevators, in particular to an elevator speed-limiting falling protector and an elevator.

Background

The speed limiter of the upper speed limiting protection system of the traction drive elevator is an important device for ensuring the safe operation of the elevator, when the speed exceeds one hundred five percent, the speed limiter of the elevator acts to enable the safety tongs to act and be clamped on the guide rail, the main parts of the speed limiter-safety tongs linkage device comprise the speed limiter, the safety tongs and a tensioning wheel, the speed limiter can be divided into a pendulum type speed limiter and a centrifugal type speed limiter, when the rated speed of a car is lower than the descending speed, the speed limiter cuts off a safety loop of the elevator, the brake is released by an elevator brake, and if the speed reducing condition of the elevator cannot be stopped, the speed limiter stops rotating; the safety tongs comprise an electric safety switch and a lifting linkage mechanism. Although these components have different characteristics, there are still clear causal relationships. When the actual running speed of the elevator is far greater than the set speed, the safety gear link mechanism is lifted by the speed governor rope; the safety gear can be driven to brake the element through the safety gear link mechanism, and the cage can be stabilized in the guide rail. The problem of looseness of the speed limiting rope can be prevented by using the tensioning wheel, and the effect of the speed limiter-safety gear linkage device can be fully exerted. The timely operation of the speed limiter-safety gear linkage device under the condition of stall is established under the stable maintenance condition, and common faults of the speed limiter-safety gear linkage device comprise: (1) the elevator speed limiter safety gear linkage mechanism is not maintained in place at ordinary times, and the speed limiter is not set in time, so that the initial setting design value of the speed limiter and the action speed of the speed limiter have larger difference. (2) Because the safety gear link device rusts, the throwing resistance of the throwing block is greatly increased, and thus the speed limiter rope cannot be clamped and cannot be triggered in time. (3) Because elevator operating duration overlength causes between overspeed governor rope groove and the rope clamping pincers continuous wearing and tearing, and the rope groove degree of depth increases day by day in addition, so, just causes the effect that can not give full play to overspeed governor rope clamping pincers, produces the phenomenon of skidding, finally causes the influence to the function performance. (4) A large amount of oil sludge, sand, dust and the like are left in the safety gear wedge block, so that the safety gear wedge block cannot clamp the guide rail, and the function of the speed limiter safety gear linkage mechanism is influenced. (5) Because the silting phenomenon appears in the rope groove of the speed limiter, the friction force is reduced, a serious slipping phenomenon is formed, and the function of the safety gear linkage mechanism of the speed limiter is limited. (6) Because the connecting rod mechanism is rusted, the safety gear wedge block cannot be pulled, and the function of the speed limiter safety gear linkage mechanism is limited. Because the factors involved in the operation and maintenance of the prior speed limiter-safety gear linkage device are more, in order to ensure that the elevator equipment can stably and safely operate for a long time, the other set of speed-limiting anti-falling equipment which can be additionally arranged on the elevator is also very necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an elevator speed-limiting falling protector with a reasonable structural design.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:

the utility model provides an elevator speed limit safety hook which characterized in that: the hydraulic brake device comprises a trigger module, a pneumatic module and a hydraulic brake module, wherein the pneumatic module comprises a high-pressure gas tank, a high-pressure gas pump and a gas path check valve, the high-pressure gas pump is connected to the high-pressure gas tank and used for squeezing high-pressure air into the high-pressure gas tank, the high-pressure gas tank is communicated to an air inlet of the trigger module through the gas path check valve, an air outlet of the trigger module is communicated to the hydraulic brake module, the hydraulic brake module comprises a pneumatic hydraulic supercharger and a hydraulic disc brake, a liquid port of the pneumatic hydraulic supercharger is communicated to the hydraulic disc brake through the liquid path check valve and a hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic disc brake is arranged on a lift car and used for pushing a brake pad in the hydraulic disc brake to clamp a guide rail in an elevator shaft after hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic disc brake to realize braking, and the trigger module comprises a support, a cylinder body part, an upper balancing weight, an upper sealing column, an upper pressure spring, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, The cylinder body part is fixed on the support, an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the cylinder body part, the middle cavity is provided with an upper communication hole communicated with the upper cavity and the middle cavity, a lower communication hole communicated with the middle cavity and the lower cavity, and a middle communication hole communicated with the middle cavity and the pneumatic hydraulic supercharger, the upper cavity is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air path one-way valve, the lower cavity is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outer space, the air inlet is communicated with the outer space, the upper balancing weight and the lower balancing weight are vertically and slidably arranged on the support, an upper pressure spring and a lower pressure spring which are used for upwards respectively propping against the upper balancing weight and the lower balancing weight are arranged on the support, the upper sealing column and the upper balancing weight are fixed by the upper connecting plate, the lower sealing column and the lower balancing weight are fixed by the lower connecting plate, an upper sealing head used for plugging the upper communication hole and a lower sealing head used for plugging the lower communication hole are respectively arranged at the lower end of the upper sealing column and the upper sealing column, in the initial state (namely, the elevator speed limiting falling protector is in a static state): the elasticity provided by the upper pressure spring is not more than the sum of the gravity of the upper balancing weight, the upper connecting plate and the upper sealing column, and the upper sealing head of the upper sealing column is inserted into and blocks the upper communicating hole; the elasticity provided by the lower pressure spring is not less than the sum of the gravity of the lower balancing weight, the lower connecting plate and the lower sealing column, and the lower sealing head of the lower sealing column is inserted into and blocks the lower communicating hole;

further, as preferred, the pneumatic hydraulic pressure booster includes booster cylinder body, big piston, little piston and connecting rod, big movable chamber and little movable chamber have in the booster cylinder body, big piston, little piston are the both ends of fixed connecting rod respectively, big piston, little piston slidable mounting are respectively in big movable chamber, little movable chamber, are provided with in the little movable chamber and are used for promoting left the piston pressure spring of little piston, big movable chamber has gas port and the liquid accuse mouth that distributes respectively in big piston left and right sides, little movable chamber has the liquid mouth that distributes in little piston right side, the gas port communicates to through the pipeline well intercommunicating pore, the liquid accuse mouth communicates to the liquid accuse stop valve, high-pressure gas jar passes through the liquid accuse stop valve communicates to the gas port, the liquid mouth communicates to the hydraulic pressure dish brake through liquid way check valve, hydraulic line. Through the high-pressure gas that gets into big movable chamber via the gas port, promote big piston and remove right, the fluid on big movable chamber right side gets into the liquid accuse stop valve from the liquid accuse mouth, and high-pressure gas jar passes through the liquid accuse stop valve intercommunication directly gets into the gas port, and big piston moves right at a high speed, promotes little piston and removes right at a high speed to even squeeze into the hydraulic pressure dish with the fluid in the little movable chamber and stop via liquid mouth, hydraulic line, make the hydraulic pressure dish stop press from both sides tight guide rail, realize the brake.

Preferably, the liquid passage check valve is an electromagnetic check valve.

Further, as preferred, it is ring shape with balancing weight down to go up the balancing weight, go up pressure spring, pressure spring down and all be ring shape and distribute on the support, go up the balancing weight and all seted up down the counter bore on the balancing weight down.

Further, preferably, the upper sealing head and the lower sealing head are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the upper communicating hole and the lower communicating hole are in a circular truncated cone-shaped hole structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

the elevator speed-limiting falling protector is compact in structure, can be independently arranged at the bottom or the top space of a lift car, triggers braking due to the fact that the upper balancing weight and the lower balancing weight move under the influence of the change of acceleration, does not need to be provided with a speed limiter rope in a long distance like the existing speed limiter-safety gear linkage device, and is more convenient to additionally arrange on existing elevator equipment.

The elevator speed-limiting falling protector has compact structure, is not easily polluted by oil sludge, sand, dust and the like because the sealing degree of the trigger module, the pneumatic module and the hydraulic brake module is higher than that of the traditional speed limiter-safety tongs linkage device, and is more convenient to maintain.

The elevator speed-limiting falling protector has the advantages of high triggering speed, brake self-locking function and high safety performance, and can be used as auxiliary safety equipment of the conventional speed limiter-safety tongs linkage device to greatly improve the safety of the elevator operation of the equipment and ensure the safe and stable speed reduction of the elevator in the falling process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic module and a hydraulic brake module according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the elevator speed limiting falling protector of the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic disc brake according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an initial state structure of a trigger module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an acceleration state of a trigger module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deceleration state of the trigger module according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic-hydraulic pressure intensifier according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals: the hydraulic control type hydraulic pressure car comprises a car 11, a guide rail 12, a high-pressure gas tank 21, a high-pressure air pump 22, a gas circuit check valve 23, a trigger module 3, a support 301, a cylinder member 302, an upper balancing weight 303, an upper sealing column 304, an upper pressure spring 305, an upper connecting plate 306, a lower balancing weight 307, a lower sealing column 308, a lower pressure spring 309, a lower connecting plate 310, an upper cavity 311, a middle cavity 312, a lower cavity 313, an upper communicating hole 314, a lower communicating hole 315, a middle communicating hole 316, an air inlet 317, an exhaust hole 318, an upper sealing head 319, a lower sealing head 320, a pneumatic hydraulic pressure booster 4, a booster cylinder 401, a large piston 402, a small piston 403, a connecting rod 404, a piston pressure spring 405, an air port 406, a hydraulic control port 407, a liquid port 408, a large movable cavity 409, a small movable cavity 410, a hydraulic disc brake 5 and a hydraulic control stop valve 6

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the elevator speed-limiting falling protector of the embodiment comprises a trigger module 3, a pneumatic module and a hydraulic brake module, wherein the pneumatic module comprises a high-pressure air tank 21, a high-pressure air pump 22 and an air passage check valve 23, the high-pressure air pump 22 is connected to the high-pressure air tank 21, the high-pressure air tank 21 is used for squeezing high-pressure air into the high-pressure air tank 21, the high-pressure air tank 21 is communicated with an air inlet 406 of the trigger module 3 through the air passage check valve 23, an air outlet 406 of the trigger module 3 is communicated to the hydraulic brake module, the hydraulic brake module comprises a pneumatic hydraulic supercharger 4 and a hydraulic disc brake 5, a fluid port 408 of the pneumatic hydraulic supercharger 4 is communicated to the hydraulic disc brake 5 through a fluid passage check valve and a hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic disc brake 5 is arranged on a car 11 and used for pushing a brake pad in the hydraulic disc brake 5 to clamp a guide rail 12 in an elevator shaft after hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic disc brake 5, the trigger module 3 includes a bracket 301, a cylinder member 302, an upper balance weight 303, an upper sealing column 304, an upper compression spring 305, an upper connecting plate 306, a lower balance weight 307, a lower sealing column 308, a lower compression spring 309, and a lower connecting plate 310, the cylinder member 302 is fixed on the bracket 301, an upper cavity 311, a middle cavity 312 and a lower cavity 313 are arranged in the cylinder member 302, the middle cavity 312 has an upper communicating hole 314 communicating with the upper cavity 311 and the middle cavity 312, a lower communicating hole 315 communicating with the middle cavity 312 and the lower cavity 313, and a middle communicating hole 316 communicating with the middle cavity 312 and the pneumatic hydraulic pressure booster 4, the upper cavity 311 has an air inlet 317 communicating with the air passage check valve 23, the lower cavity 313 has an air outlet 318 communicating with the external space, the air inlet 317 communicates with the external space, the upper balance weight 303 and the lower balance weight 307 are vertically and slidably mounted on the bracket 301, and the bracket 301 is mounted to respectively support the upper balance weight 303, the lower balance weight 307, and the upper balance weight, An upper compression spring 305 and a lower compression spring 309 of a lower balancing weight 307, an upper connecting plate 306 fixes an upper sealing column 304 and an upper balancing weight 303, a lower connecting plate 310 fixes a lower sealing column 308 and the lower balancing weight 307, the lower end of the upper sealing column 304 and the upper end of the lower sealing column 308 are respectively provided with an upper sealing head 319 for plugging an upper communication hole 314 and a lower sealing head 320 for plugging a lower communication hole 315, and in an initial state (namely, the elevator speed-limiting falling protector is in a static state): the elasticity provided by the upper compression spring 305 is not more than the sum of the gravity of the upper balancing weight 303, the upper connecting plate 306 and the upper sealing column 304, and the upper sealing head 319 of the upper sealing column 304 is inserted into and blocks the upper communication hole 314; the elasticity provided by the lower compression spring 309 is not less than the sum of the gravity of the lower balance weight 307, the lower connecting plate 310 and the lower sealing column 308, and the lower sealing head 320 of the lower sealing column 308 is inserted into and blocks the lower communication hole 315.

The pneumatic hydraulic supercharger 4 comprises a supercharger cylinder 401, a large piston 402, a small piston 403 and a connecting rod 404, wherein a large movable cavity and a small movable cavity are arranged in the supercharger cylinder 401, the large piston 402 and the small piston 403 are respectively fixed at two ends of the connecting rod 404, the large piston 402 and the small piston 403 are respectively installed in the large movable cavity and the small movable cavity in a sliding mode, a piston pressure spring 405 used for pushing the small piston 403 to the left is arranged in the small movable cavity, the large movable cavity is provided with an air port 406 and a hydraulic control port 407 which are respectively distributed on the left side and the right side of the large piston 402, the small movable cavity is provided with a liquid port 408 distributed on the right side of the small piston 403, the air port 406 is communicated to the middle communicating hole 316 through a pipeline, the hydraulic control port 407 is communicated to a hydraulic control stop valve 6, the high-pressure air tank 21 is communicated to the air port 406 through the hydraulic control stop valve 6, and the liquid port 408 is communicated to the air port 406 through a liquid way check valve, The hydraulic pipeline is communicated to the hydraulic disc brake 5. The large piston 402 is pushed to move rightwards by high-pressure gas entering the large movable cavity through the air port 406, oil on the right side of the large movable cavity enters the hydraulic control stop valve 6 from the hydraulic control port 407, the high-pressure gas tank 21 is communicated with the air port 406 directly through the hydraulic control stop valve 6, the large piston 402 moves rightwards at a high speed and pushes the small piston 403 to move rightwards at a high speed, and therefore the oil in the small movable cavity is continuously squeezed into the hydraulic disc brake 5 through the liquid port 408 and a hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic disc brake 5 is enabled to clamp the guide rail 12, and braking is achieved.

The liquid path one-way valve adopts an electromagnetic one-way valve. The upper balancing weight 303 and the lower balancing weight 307 are annular, the upper pressure spring 305 and the lower pressure spring 309 are both annularly distributed on the support 301, and lower counter bores are formed in the upper balancing weight 303 and the lower balancing weight 307. The upper sealing head 319 and the lower sealing head 320 are in a truncated cone shape, and the upper communicating hole 314 and the lower communicating hole 315 are in a truncated cone-shaped hole structure.

The working principle of the elevator speed limiting falling protector of the embodiment is as follows:

the descending process of the elevator generally comprises the stages of stopping, accelerating, uniform speed, decelerating and stopping.

Wherein: this embodiment elevator speed limit safety hook:

(1) when the elevator is static and at a constant speed: the elasticity provided by the upper compression spring 305 is not more than the sum of the gravity of the upper balancing weight 303, the upper connecting plate 306 and the upper sealing column 304, and the upper sealing head 319 of the upper sealing column 304 is inserted into and blocks the upper communication hole 314; the elasticity provided by the lower compression spring 309 is not less than the sum of the gravity of the lower balance weight 307, the lower connecting plate 310 and the lower sealing column 308, and the lower sealing head 320 of the lower sealing column 308 is inserted into and blocks the lower communication hole 315.

(2) In the elevator descending acceleration process: the upper balancing weight 303 moves upwards, and the upper sealing head 319 of the upper sealing column 304 is separated from the upper communication hole 314 upwards; the position of the lower balancing weight 307 is unchanged, the lower sealing head 320 of the lower sealing column 308 is inserted into and blocks the lower communication hole 315, and the high-pressure gas tank 21 enters the middle cavity 312 through the gas path check valve 23 and the gas inlet 406 of the trigger module 3 and enters the large movable cavity of the pneumatic hydraulic pressure booster 4 through the middle communication hole 316.

(3) In the descending deceleration process of the elevator, the upper balancing weight 303 is restored to the initial position, and the upper sealing head 319 of the upper sealing column 304 is inserted into and blocks the upper communication hole 314; the lower weight block 307 moves downward, and the lower sealing head 320 of the lower sealing column 308 is separated from the lower communication hole 315, so that the pressure gas in the middle cavity 312 is released.

In the falling process, the elevator continuously accelerates downwards, the upper balancing weight 303 moves upwards, the high-pressure gas tank 21 enters the middle cavity 312 through the gas path check valve 23 and the gas inlet 406 of the trigger module 3 and enters the large movable cavity of the pneumatic hydraulic pressure booster 4 through the middle communication hole 316, the gas pressure of the large movable cavity overcomes the resistance of the piston pressure spring 405 and the resistance of the internal oil to push the large piston 402 to move rightwards, so that the hydraulic disc brake 5 is driven to brake, meanwhile, the oil on the right side of the large piston 402 enters the hydraulic control stop valve 6, the high-pressure gas tank 21 directly enters the gas inlet 406 through the hydraulic control stop valve 6, the high-pressure gas continuously pushes the piston to move rightwards, and the continuous braking action is realized.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an elevator speed limit safety hook which characterized in that: the hydraulic brake device comprises a trigger module, a pneumatic module and a hydraulic brake module, wherein the pneumatic module comprises a high-pressure gas tank, a high-pressure gas pump and a gas path check valve, the high-pressure gas pump is connected to the high-pressure gas tank and used for squeezing high-pressure air into the high-pressure gas tank, the high-pressure gas tank is communicated to an air inlet of the trigger module through the gas path check valve, an air outlet of the trigger module is communicated to the hydraulic brake module, the hydraulic brake module comprises a pneumatic hydraulic supercharger and a hydraulic disc brake, a liquid port of the pneumatic hydraulic supercharger is communicated to the hydraulic disc brake through the liquid path check valve and a hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic disc brake is arranged on a lift car and used for pushing a brake pad in the hydraulic disc brake to clamp a guide rail in an elevator shaft after hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic disc brake to realize braking, and the trigger module comprises a support, a cylinder body part, an upper balancing weight, an upper sealing column, an upper pressure spring, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, The cylinder body part is fixed on the support, an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the cylinder body part, the middle cavity is provided with an upper communication hole communicated with the upper cavity and the middle cavity, a lower communication hole communicated with the middle cavity and the lower cavity, and a middle communication hole communicated with the middle cavity and the pneumatic hydraulic supercharger, the upper cavity is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air path one-way valve, the lower cavity is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outer space, the air inlet is communicated with the outer space, the upper balancing weight and the lower balancing weight are vertically and slidably arranged on the support, an upper pressure spring and a lower pressure spring which are used for upwards respectively propping against the upper balancing weight and the lower balancing weight are arranged on the support, the upper sealing column and the upper balancing weight are fixed by the upper connecting plate, the lower sealing column and the lower balancing weight are fixed by the lower connecting plate, an upper sealing head used for plugging the upper communication hole and a lower sealing head used for plugging the lower communication hole are respectively arranged at the lower end of the upper sealing column and the upper sealing column, in the initial state: the elasticity provided by the upper pressure spring is not more than the sum of the gravity of the upper balancing weight, the upper connecting plate and the upper sealing column, and the upper sealing head of the upper sealing column is inserted into and blocks the upper communicating hole; the elasticity that the lower pressure spring provided is no less than the weight sum of lower balancing weight, lower even board and lower sealed post, and the lower sealing head of lower sealed post inserts and blocks up lower intercommunicating pore.

2. The elevator speed limit safety hook of claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic hydraulic booster comprises a booster cylinder body, a large piston, a small piston and a connecting rod, wherein a large movable cavity and a small movable cavity are arranged in the booster cylinder body, the large piston and the small piston are respectively used for fixing two ends of the connecting rod, the large piston and the small piston are respectively arranged in the large movable cavity and the small movable cavity in a sliding mode, a piston pressure spring used for pushing the small piston leftwards is arranged in the small movable cavity, the large movable cavity is provided with gas ports and hydraulic control ports which are respectively distributed on the left side and the right side of the large piston, the small movable cavity is provided with liquid ports which are distributed on the right side of the small piston, the gas ports are communicated with the middle communication hole through pipelines, the hydraulic control ports are communicated with a hydraulic control stop valve, the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the gas ports through the hydraulic control stop valve, the liquid ports are communicated with a hydraulic disc brake through a liquid way check valve and a hydraulic pipeline, and high-pressure gas entering the large movable cavity through the gas ports, the big piston is pushed to move rightwards, oil on the right side of the big movable cavity enters the hydraulic control stop valve from the hydraulic control port, the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the hydraulic control stop valve to directly enter the gas port, the big piston moves rightwards at a high speed, the small piston is pushed to move rightwards at a high speed, and therefore the oil in the small movable cavity is continuously extruded into the hydraulic disc brake through the liquid port and the hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic disc brake is enabled to clamp the guide rail, and braking is achieved.

3. The elevator speed limit safety hook of claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid path one-way valve adopts an electromagnetic one-way valve.

4. The elevator speed limit safety hook of claim 1, characterized in that: go up the balancing weight and be ring shape with balancing weight down, go up pressure spring, pressure spring down and all be ring shape and distribute on the support, go up the balancing weight and all seted up down the counter bore down on the balancing weight.

5. The elevator speed limit safety hook of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper sealing head and the lower sealing head are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the upper communicating hole and the lower communicating hole are in a circular truncated cone-shaped hole structure.

6. An elevator, characterized in that the elevator speed limiting falling protector of any one of claims 1-6 is fixed on the bottom of the elevator car.