CN113977641A - PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material - Google Patents

PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113977641A
CN113977641A CN202110886488.2A CN202110886488A CN113977641A CN 113977641 A CN113977641 A CN 113977641A CN 202110886488 A CN202110886488 A CN 202110886488A CN 113977641 A CN113977641 A CN 113977641A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutting
handed
welding
equal
cutter
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Granted
Application number
CN202110886488.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113977641B (en
Inventor
王珏
林海勇
林亮亮
余丽
洪培强
王杰伟
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110886488.2A priority Critical patent/CN113977641B/en
Publication of CN113977641A publication Critical patent/CN113977641A/en
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Publication of CN113977641B publication Critical patent/CN113977641B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/26—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut
    • B26D1/28—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/18—Means for removing cut-out material or waste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0033—Cutting members therefor assembled from multiple blades

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials, which comprises a cutter body and a welding sheet, wherein the cutter body is provided with a cutting edge; the cutter body is in a round bar shape and is divided into a cutting part and a handle part; in the cutting part, more than two chip grooves extend linearly from the bottom end of the cutting part to the handle part, and a welding sheet is fixed in each chip groove; the welding sheet is provided with a cutting front cutter face and a cutting rear cutter face; the cutting flank of the weld pad is divided into a cutting first flank and a cutting second flank, a projection profile of the cutting first flank on a first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is a circular arc, and a projection profile of the cutting second flank on the first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is a straight line. The invention can reduce the cutting force of the cutter and prolong the service life of the cutter; and the phenomenon that cutting burrs are easy to occur when the composite material is processed by the cutter can be reduced.

Description

PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials.
Background
A tool is a tool used for cutting machining in machine manufacturing, and is also called a cutting tool. PCD cutters generally refer to cutters made of synthetic diamond, i.e., cutters made of polycrystalline diamond, which is synthesized by a high pressure synthesis technique. The diamond cutter has the characteristics of high hardness, high compressive strength, good heat conductivity, good wear resistance and the like, and can obtain high processing precision and processing efficiency in high-speed cutting, so that the diamond cutter is widely applied to a plurality of fields of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, electronics, stone and the like. A PCD cutter of prior art is used for processing carbon-fibre composite, carbon-fibre composite is a special fiber composite who has excellent mechanical properties, its proportion is less than 1/4 of steel, tensile strength is 7 ~ 9 times of steel, high temperature resistant, and chemical property is stable, because carbon-fibre material has higher toughness, be difficult to cut off, so very easily produce a large amount of burrs on the workpiece surface, consequently, this kind of PCD cutter of prior art is when being used for processing carbon-fibre composite, the cutting force is big, very easily make composite cutting position produce the burr, the cutting force is big simultaneously, also make cutter cutting edge very easily wear and tear, reduce cutter cut life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials, which can reduce the cutting force of the cutter and prolong the service life of the cutter on the one hand through structural improvement; and on the other hand, the phenomenon that cutting burrs are easy to occur when the composite material is processed by the cutter can be reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials comprises a cutter body and a welding sheet; the cutter body is in a round bar shape and is divided into a cutting part and a handle part along the length direction, and the free end of the cutting part is set as the bottom end of the cutter; in the cutting part, more than two chip grooves extend linearly from the bottom end of the cutting part to the handle part, and a welding sheet is fixed in each chip groove; in the welding piece, a surface facing to a cutting rotation direction is a cutting rake surface, a surface corresponding to a cutting outer periphery position of the welding piece is a cutting flank surface, the cutting rake surface and the cutting flank surface intersect to form a peripheral cutting edge, and the outer periphery diameter of the cutting part is D; the cutting flank of the welding sheet is divided into a cutting first flank and a cutting second flank, the projection profile of the cutting first flank on a first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a circular arc shape, and the projection profile of the cutting second flank on the first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a straight line shape; the arc radius of the arc of the first rear cutter face is 0.4-0.6D, the included angle between the straight line of the second rear cutter face and the tangential direction of the cutting part is omega, and omega is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
The welding sheet is composed of a cutting layer and a base layer, the cutting layer and the base layer are stacked and fixed together, one surface of the base layer, back to the cutting layer, is set as a welding surface, the welding sheet is fixed in the welding surface arranged on the corresponding chip removal groove through the welding surface, and the welding surface of the chip removal groove is a surface facing to the cutting rotation direction in the chip removal groove; the first cutting flank face is arranged at the cutting layer, and the second cutting flank face is arranged at the base layer.
The welding piece is provided with a chip breaker groove which is communicated to the welding surface of the welding piece through a cutting rake face, the chip breaker groove is obliquely arranged relative to the welding surface of the welding piece, the bottom end of the cutter is used as the left end, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding surface direction of the welding piece from left to right, the chip breaker groove is defined as a right-handed chip breaker groove, the corresponding welding piece is a right-handed welding piece, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding surface direction of the welding piece from right to left, the chip breaker groove is defined as a left-handed chip breaker groove, and the corresponding welding piece is a left-handed welding piece; among the more than two chip grooves of the cutting portion, in two adjacent chip grooves along the direction of rotation, the dextrorotation welding piece and the levorotation welding piece are fixed respectively.
In the dextrorotation welding piece, the left of dextrorotation chip breaker corresponds to the position on cutting layer is equipped with dextrorotation cutting edge, in the levogyration welding piece, the right side of levogyration chip breaker corresponds to the position on cutting layer is equipped with the levogyration cutting edge, the dextrorotation cutting edge with the levogyration cutting edge is in projection length on the face of weld of welding piece is the same, and projection length is L0, and adjacent dextrorotation welding piece and levogyration welding piece are when rotatory, and adjacent dextrorotation cutting edge and levogyration cutting edge have rotatory overlap portion w, and w is more than or equal to 0.1L 0.
The included angle between the right-handed chip breaker and the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the right-handed chip breaker is alpha, the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the right-handed chip breaker is also vertical to the axis of the round bar, and the alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree
Less than or equal to 70 degrees; the included angle between the left-handed chip breaker and the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is beta, the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is also vertical to the axis of the round bar, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 DEG
≤70°。
The projection of the right-handed chip breaker on the vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding sheet provided with the right-handed chip breaker consists of m sections of curves and n sections of straight lines, wherein m is more than or equal to 0, n is more than or equal to 0, and m and n are not 0 at the same time; the right-handed chip breaker and the right-handed cutting edge are provided with contact curved surfaces which are right-handed rake faces, the included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the right-handed rake face and the straight line vertical to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 1, and gamma 1 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees; the projection of the left-handed chip breaker on the vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding sheet provided with the left-handed chip breaker consists of an x-segment curve and a y-segment straight line, wherein x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, and x and y are not 0 at the same time; the left-handed chip breaker groove and the left-handed cutting edge are provided with a contact curved surface which is a left-handed rake face, the included angle between the starting point tangent of the left-handed rake face and a straight line perpendicular to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 2, and gamma 2 is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees.
The connecting surface between the right-handed cutting edge and the right-handed chip breaker groove is a right-handed rear cutter surface, the included angle between the tangent of the intersection point of the right-handed rear cutter surface and the right-handed cutting edge and the parallel line of the axis of the round bar is gamma 3, and gamma 3 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees; the connecting surface between the levogyration cutting edge and the levogyration chip breaker groove is a levogyration back cutter face, the included angle between the tangent line of the intersection point of the levogyration back cutter face and the levogyration cutting edge and the parallel line of the axis of the round bar shape is gamma 4, and gamma 4 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees.
The distance from each point on the right-handed cutting edge and the left-handed cutting edge to the axis of the round bar shape is equal and is 0.5D.
The welding piece is corresponding to cutter bottom position is provided with bottom cutting edge and bottom back knife face, and the contained angle of the perpendicular of the knife face and the face of weld of welding piece is theta behind the bottom, and theta is more than or equal to 0 degree and is less than or equal to 30 degrees.
The hardness of the material adopted by the cutting layer is higher than that of the material adopted by the substrate layer, the cutting layer is made of PCD or CBN or hard alloy, the substrate layer is made of hard alloy or high-speed steel, the thickness of the cutting layer is H, the thickness of the substrate layer is H, and the relation is satisfied: h is more than 0.01D and less than or equal to 0.2D, and H is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.1D; the cutter body is made of hard alloy or high-speed steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cutting rear tool face of the welding sheet is divided into a first cutting rear tool face and a second cutting rear tool face, the projection profile of the first cutting rear tool face on a first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a circular arc shape, and the projection profile of the second cutting rear tool face on the first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a straight line shape; the arc radius of the arc of the first rear cutter face is 0.4-0.6D, the included angle between the straight line of the second rear cutter face and the tangential direction of the cutting part is omega, and omega is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees. The structure of the invention can effectively improve the sharpness of the cutter, reduce the cutting force of the cutter and improve the cutting efficiency.
2. According to the invention, as the welding sheet is provided with the chip breaker groove which is communicated from the cutting rake face to the welding face of the welding sheet, the chip breaker groove is obliquely arranged relative to the welding face of the welding sheet, the bottom end of the cutter is used as the left end, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding face of the welding sheet and extends from left to right, the chip breaker groove is defined as a right-handed chip breaker groove, the corresponding welding sheet is a right-handed welding sheet, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding face of the welding sheet and extends from right to left, the chip breaker groove is defined as a left-handed chip breaker groove, and the corresponding welding sheet is a left-handed welding sheet; in more than two chip grooves of the cutting part, a right-handed welding sheet and a left-handed welding sheet are respectively fixed in two adjacent chip grooves along the rotating direction. According to the structure, the cutting processing is carried out by utilizing the two different turning cutting edges, the cutting forces in different directions are generated by the different turning cutting edges in the cutting process, and the defects such as burrs, flanges and the like can be prevented from being generated when the carbon fiber composite material is processed.
The invention is further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments; however, a PCD cutter for processing a carbon fiber composite material according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bottom end of the tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the direction A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view in the direction B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a right-hand weld tab of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a right-hand weld tab of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a right-hand weld tab of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view in the direction F of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of section C of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a left hand weld tab of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of section E of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of section E of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the rotational overlap of a right-hand weld tab and a left-hand weld tab of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion G in fig. 13.
In the figure: 100. a cutter body; 200. welding the sheet; 1. a cutting portion of the cutter body; 2. a shank portion of the cutter body; 3. welding the sheet by right rotation; 4. Left-handed welding of the sheets; 5. a chip groove of the cutter body; 6. a welding surface of the cutter body; 7. a cutting layer of a solder tab; 8. welding the base layer of the sheet; 9. a right-handed chip breaker groove of the right-handed welding sheet; 10. a right-handed cutting edge of the right-handed welding piece; 11. a left-handed chip breaker groove of the left-handed welding sheet; 12. a left-handed cutting edge of the left-handed welding tab; 13. a cutting rake surface of the weld pad; 14. cutting the rear cutter face of the welding sheet; 15. cutting a first rear cutter surface of the welding sheet; 16. cutting a second rear cutter face of the welding sheet; 17. welding the peripheral cutting edge of the sheet; 18. a bottom end cutting edge of the welding sheet; 19. chamfering the bottom end of the welding sheet; 20. welding the welding surface of the sheet; 21. the right-handed rake face of the right-handed welding piece; 22. the right-handed rear cutter face of the right-handed welding piece; 23. a left-handed rake face of the left-handed weld tab; 24. a left-handed rear cutter face of the left-handed welding sheet; 25. the bottom end back knife face of the welding sheet.
Detailed Description
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, a PCD cutting tool for processing a carbon fiber composite material according to the present invention includes a tool body 100 and a welding sheet 200; the cutter body 100 is in a shape of a round bar, the cutter body 100 is divided into a cutting part 1 and a handle part 2 along the length direction, and the free end of the cutting part 1 is set as the bottom end of the cutter; in the cutting part 1, more than two chip grooves 5 are linearly extended from the bottom end of the cutting part 1 to the handle part 2, one welding sheet 200 is fixed in each chip groove 5, and the number of the chip grooves 5 is four in the embodiment; in the welding piece 200, a surface facing the cutting rotation direction is a cutting rake surface 13, a surface corresponding to the cutting outer peripheral position of the welding piece 200 is a cutting flank surface 14, the cutting rake surface 13 and the cutting flank surface 14 intersect to form a peripheral cutting edge 17, and the outer peripheral diameter of the cutting portion 1 is D; as shown in fig. 5 and 12, the cutting flank 14 of the welding tab 200 is divided into a cutting first flank 15 and a cutting second flank 16, a projection profile of the cutting first flank 15 on a first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is a circular arc shape, and a projection profile of the cutting second flank 16 on the first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is a straight line shape; the arc radius R of the arc of the first rear cutter face 15 is 0.4-0.6D, if R is less than 0.4D, the cutting edge strength of the cutting part is insufficient, cutting breakage is easy to cause, the service life of the cutter is shortened, if R is more than 0.6D, the cutter is over blunt, the abrasion rate is high, and meanwhile, the rear cutter face is easy to interfere with the machined surface of the workpiece; the included angle between the straight line shape of the second back tool surface 16 and the tangential direction of the cutting part 1 is omega, and omega is more than or equal to 10 degrees
Not more than 45 degrees, if omega < 10 degrees, then the clearance space of flank face is not enough, is unfavorable for the cutter cooling, and the perk condition that second back tool face is higher than first flank face can appear in the rotary cutting moreover, if omega > 45 degrees, then the base member layer intensity is not enough, can't bear the weight of the impact that produces when cutting, can lead to the cutting edge wholly to collapse and lack even.
As shown in fig. 5 and 12, in the present embodiment, the welding sheet 200 is composed of two parts, namely, a cutting layer 7 and a base layer 8, the cutting layer 7 and the base layer 8 are laminated and fixed together, a welding surface 20 is set on a surface of the base layer 8 facing away from the cutting layer 7, the welding sheet 200 is fixed in a welding surface 6 provided on a corresponding chip groove 5 through the welding surface 20, and the welding surface 6 of the chip groove 5 is a surface facing a cutting rotation direction in the chip groove; the cutting first flank 15 is provided at the cutting layer 7, and the second flank 16 is provided at the base layer 8.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6 and 9, in the present embodiment, the welding piece 200 is provided with a chip breaker which penetrates from the cutting rake face 13 to the welding face 20 of the welding piece 200, and the chip breaker is obliquely arranged relative to the welding face 20 of the welding piece 200, and the bottom end of the tool is the left end, when the chip breaker extends from the cutting rake face 13 to the welding face 20 of the welding piece from left to right, the chip breaker is defined as a right-handed chip breaker 9, the corresponding welding piece is a right-handed welding piece 3, when the chip breaker extends from the cutting rake face 13 to the welding face 20 of the welding piece from right to left, the chip breaker is defined as a left-handed chip breaker 11, and the corresponding welding piece is a left-handed welding piece 4; among the two or more chip grooves of the cutting portion, the right-handed welding piece 3 and the left-handed welding piece 4 are fixed respectively in two adjacent chip grooves along the rotating direction, and the right-handed welding piece 3 and the left-handed welding piece 4 are fixed at intervals in the four chip grooves 5 of the last embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6, 9, 13 and 14, in the present embodiment, in the right-hand weld tab 3, a right-hand cutting edge 10 is provided on the left side of the right-hand chip breaker 9 corresponding to the cutting layer 7, in the left-handed welding sheet 4, a left-handed cutting edge 12 is arranged at the position corresponding to the cutting layer on the right side of the left-handed chip breaking groove 11, the right-hand cutting edge 10 and the left-hand cutting edge 12 have the same projection length on the welding surface of the welding sheet, and the projection length is L0, when the adjacent right-handed welding piece 3 and the adjacent left-handed welding piece 4 rotate, the adjacent right-handed cutting edge 10 and the adjacent left-handed cutting edge 12 have a rotation overlapping part w, and w is more than or equal to 0.1L0 and is influenced by the processing rebound of the workpiece, if w is less than 0.1L0, the situation of processing residue at the joint of the adjacent left and right rotary cutting edges can occur, so that severe burrs are easily caused, and the quality of the processed surface is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6 and 9, in the embodiment, an included angle between the right-handed chip breaker 9 and a vertical surface of the welding surface 20 of the welding sheet provided with the right-handed chip breaker is α, and the vertical surface of the welding sheet provided with the right-handed chip breaker is also perpendicular to the axis of the round bar, where α is greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than or equal to 70 °, if α is greater than 70 °, the overall cutting length of the tool is insufficient, the cutting load per cutting length cannot be effectively reduced, and the tool is not conducive to efficient cutting and prolonging of the tool life; the included angle between the left-handed chip breaker 11 and the vertical surface of the welding surface 20 of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is beta, the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is also perpendicular to the axis of the round bar, beta is not less than 0 degree and not more than 70 degrees, if beta is more than 70 degrees, the overall cutting length of the cutter is not enough, the cutting load on the unit cutting length cannot be effectively reduced, and the cutter is not beneficial to efficient cutting and prolonging of the service life of the cutter.
As shown in fig. 8 and 11, in the present embodiment, a projection of the right-handed chip breaker 9 on a vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding tab provided with the right-handed chip breaker is composed of m segments of curves and n segments of straight lines, where m is greater than or equal to 0, n is greater than or equal to 0, and m and n are 0 when different; the right-handed chip breaker groove 9 and the right-handed cutting edge 10 are provided with contact curved surfaces which are right-handed rake faces 21, the included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the right-handed rake face 21 and the straight line vertical to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 1, gamma 1 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees, if gamma 1 is more than 20 degrees, the strength of the cutting edge of the cutter is reduced, and the situation of edge breakage is easy to occur; the projection of the left rotary chip breaker 11 on the vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding sheet provided with the left rotary chip breaker consists of an x-segment curve and a y-segment straight line, wherein x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, and x and y are not 0 at the same time; the left-handed chip breaker 11 and the left-handed cutting edge 12 are provided with a contact curved surface which is a left-handed rake face 23, the included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the left-handed rake face 23 and the straight line perpendicular to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 2, gamma 2 is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees, if gamma 2 is more than 20 degrees, the strength of the cutting edge of the cutter is reduced, and the situation of edge breakage is easy to occur.
As shown in fig. 6, 8, 9 and 11, in the present embodiment, the connection surface between the right-handed cutting edge 10 and the right-handed chip breaker groove 9 is a right-handed flank 22, an included angle between a tangent line of the intersection point of the right-handed flank 22 and the right-handed cutting edge 10 and a parallel line of the axis of the round bar shape is γ 3, γ 3 is greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than or equal to 20 °, if γ 3 is greater than 20 °, the strength of the cutting teeth of the tool is reduced, and the situation of breakage is easily caused; the left-handed cutting edge 12 and the left-handed chip breaker groove 11 are connected through a left-handed rear cutter face 24, an included angle between a tangent line of the intersection point of the left-handed rear cutter face 24 and the left-handed cutting edge 12 and a parallel line of the axis of the round bar shape is gamma 4, gamma 4 is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees, if gamma 4 is more than 20 degrees, the strength of the cutting teeth of the cutter is reduced, and the situation of breakage is easy to occur.
In the present embodiment, the distance from each point on the right-handed cutting edge 10 and the left-handed cutting edge 12 to the axis of the round bar shape is equal, and is 0.5D.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the welding piece 200 is provided with a bottom cutting edge 18, a bottom chamfer 19, and a bottom flank 25 at a position corresponding to the bottom end of the tool, an included angle between the bottom flank 25 and a vertical plane of the welding surface 20 of the welding piece is θ, θ is not less than 0 ° and not more than 30 °, and if θ is greater than 30 °, the strength of the bottom cutting edge is insufficient, and the welding piece cannot bear a cutting load and is easily broken.
As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the hardness of the material used for the cutting layer 7 is higher than that of the material used for the base layer 8, the cutting layer 7 is made of PCD, CBN, or cemented carbide, the material used for the base layer 8 is made of cemented carbide or high-speed steel, the thickness of the cutting layer 7 is H, the thickness of the base layer 8 is H, and the following relations are satisfied: h is more than 0.01D and less than or equal to 0.2D, H is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.1D, if H is less than 0.01D, a cutting layer of a welding sheet is too thin and is not beneficial to welding, meanwhile, the strength of the cutting layer is too low, the abrasion speed is high, the welding sheet is also very easy to break and damage, if H is more than 0.2D, a cutting part is too thick, the space for containing chips is squeezed, the chip removal and cooling are not facilitated, the cost of a cutter is also increased, and if H is more than 0.1D, the welding sheet is too thick and the space for containing chips is squeezed, and the chip removal and cooling are not facilitated; the cutter body 100 is made of a material of cemented carbide or high-speed steel.
The PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material of the invention divides the cutting flank 14 of the welding sheet 200 into a cutting first flank 15 and a cutting second flank 16, and the projection outline of the cutting first flank 15 on a first reference plane vertical to the axis of the round bar shape is circular arc, and the projection outline of the cutting second flank 16 on the first reference plane vertical to the axis of the round bar shape is linear; the arc radius R of the arc of the first rear cutter face 15 is 0.4-0.6D, the included angle between the straight line of the second rear cutter face 16 and the tangential direction of the cutting part 1 is omega, and omega is not less than 10 degrees and not more than 45 degrees. The structure of the invention can effectively improve the sharpness of the cutter, reduce the cutting force of the cutter and improve the cutting efficiency.
The PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials adopts a welding sheet 200 which is provided with a chip breaker groove which is penetrated from a cutting rake face 13 to a welding face 20 of the welding sheet 200, the chip breaker groove is obliquely arranged relative to the welding face of the welding sheet, the bottom end of the cutter is the left end, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding face of the welding sheet and extends from left to right, the chip breaker groove is defined as a right-handed chip breaker groove 9, the corresponding welding sheet is a right-handed welding sheet 3, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding face of the welding sheet and extends from right to left, the chip breaker groove is defined as a left-handed chip breaker groove 11, and the corresponding welding sheet is a left-handed welding sheet 4; among the two or more chip flutes of the cutting portion, in two adjacent chip flutes along the direction of rotation, a dextrorotation welding piece 3 and a levorotation welding piece 4 are fixed, respectively. According to the structure, the cutting processing is carried out by utilizing the cutting edges with two different rotation directions, the cutting forces in different directions are generated by the cutting edges with different rotation directions in the cutting process, and the defects such as burrs, flanging and the like in the processing of the carbon fiber composite material can be inhibited.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A PCD cutter for processing carbon fiber composite materials comprises a cutter body and a welding sheet; the cutter body is in a round bar shape and is divided into a cutting part and a handle part along the length direction, and the free end of the cutting part is set as the bottom end of the cutter; in the cutting part, more than two chip grooves extend linearly from the bottom end of the cutting part to the handle part, and a welding sheet is fixed in each chip groove; in the welding piece, a surface facing to a cutting rotation direction is a cutting rake surface, a surface corresponding to a cutting outer periphery position of the welding piece is a cutting flank surface, the cutting rake surface and the cutting flank surface intersect to form a peripheral cutting edge, and the outer periphery diameter of the cutting part is D; the method is characterized in that: the cutting flank of the welding sheet is divided into a cutting first flank and a cutting second flank, the projection profile of the cutting first flank on a first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a circular arc shape, and the projection profile of the cutting second flank on the first reference plane perpendicular to the axis of the round bar shape is in a straight line shape; the arc radius of the arc of the first rear cutter face is 0.4-0.6D, the included angle between the straight line of the second rear cutter face and the tangential direction of the cutting part is omega, and omega is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
2. The PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the welding sheet is composed of a cutting layer and a base layer, the cutting layer and the base layer are stacked and fixed together, one surface of the base layer, back to the cutting layer, is set as a welding surface, the welding sheet is fixed in the welding surface arranged on the corresponding chip removal groove through the welding surface, and the welding surface of the chip removal groove is a surface facing to the cutting rotation direction in the chip removal groove; the cutting first flank face is disposed at the cutting layer, and the second flank face is disposed at the base layer.
3. A PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials according to claim 2, characterised in that: the welding piece is provided with a chip breaker groove which is communicated to the welding surface of the welding piece through a cutting rake face, the chip breaker groove is obliquely arranged relative to the welding surface of the welding piece, the bottom end of the cutter is used as the left end, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding surface direction of the welding piece from left to right, the chip breaker groove is defined as a right-handed chip breaker groove, the corresponding welding piece is a right-handed welding piece, when the chip breaker groove extends from the cutting rake face to the welding surface direction of the welding piece from right to left, the chip breaker groove is defined as a left-handed chip breaker groove, and the corresponding welding piece is a left-handed welding piece; among the two or more chip grooves of the cutting portion, in two adjacent chip grooves along the direction of rotation, a dextrorotation welding piece and a levorotation welding piece are respectively fixed.
4. A PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials according to claim 3, characterised in that: in the dextrorotation welding piece, the left of dextrorotation chip breaker corresponds to the position on cutting layer is equipped with dextrorotation cutting edge, in the levogyration welding piece, the right side of levogyration chip breaker corresponds to the position on cutting layer is equipped with the levogyration cutting edge, the dextrorotation cutting edge with the levogyration cutting edge is in projection length on the face of weld of welding piece is the same, and projection length is L0, and adjacent dextrorotation welding piece and levogyration welding piece are when rotatory, and adjacent dextrorotation cutting edge and levogyration cutting edge have rotatory overlap portion w, and w is more than or equal to 0.1L 0.
5. A PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials according to claim 3, characterised in that: the included angle between the right-handed chip breaker and the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the right-handed chip breaker is alpha, the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the right-handed chip breaker is also vertical to the axis of the round bar, and alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 70 degrees; the included angle between the left-handed chip breaker and the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is beta, the vertical surface of the welding sheet with the left-handed chip breaker is also vertical to the axis of the round bar, and beta is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 70 degrees.
6. A PCD tool for machining a carbon fibre composite material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the projection of the right-handed chip breaker on the vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding sheet provided with the right-handed chip breaker consists of m sections of curves and n sections of straight lines, wherein m is more than or equal to 0, n is more than or equal to 0, and m and n are not 0 at the same time; the right-handed chip breaker and the right-handed cutting edge are provided with contact curved surfaces which are right-handed rake faces, the included angle between the tangent line of the starting point of the right-handed rake face and the straight line vertical to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 1, and gamma 1 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees; the projection of the left-handed chip breaker on the vertical plane of the welding surface of the welding sheet provided with the left-handed chip breaker consists of an x-segment curve and a y-segment straight line, wherein x is more than or equal to 0, y is more than or equal to 0, and x and y are not 0 at the same time; the left-handed chip breaker groove and the left-handed cutting edge are provided with a contact curved surface which is a left-handed rake face, the included angle between the starting point tangent of the left-handed rake face and a straight line perpendicular to the peripheral cutting edge is gamma 2, and gamma 2 is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees.
7. The PCD tool for machining a carbon fiber composite material according to claim 6, wherein: the connecting surface between the right-handed cutting edge and the right-handed chip breaker groove is a right-handed rear cutter surface, the included angle between the tangent of the intersection point of the right-handed rear cutter surface and the right-handed cutting edge and the parallel line of the axis of the round bar shape is gamma 3, and gamma 3 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees; the connecting surface between the left-handed cutting edge and the left-handed chip breaker groove is a left-handed back cutter surface, the included angle between the tangent line of the intersection point of the left-handed back cutter surface and the left-handed cutting edge and the parallel line of the axis of the round bar shape is gamma 4, and gamma 4 is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 20 degrees.
8. The PCD tool for machining a carbon fiber composite material according to claim 4, wherein: the distance from each point on the right-handed cutting edge and the left-handed cutting edge to the axis of the round bar shape is equal and is 0.5D.
9. A PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials according to claim 2, characterised in that: the welding piece is corresponding to cutter bottom position is provided with bottom cutting edge and bottom back knife face, and the contained angle of the perpendicular of the knife face and the face of weld of welding piece is theta behind the bottom, and theta is more than or equal to 0 degree and is less than or equal to 30 degrees.
10. A PCD cutter for machining carbon fibre composite materials according to claim 2, characterised in that: the hardness of the material adopted by the cutting layer is higher than that of the material adopted by the substrate layer, the cutting layer is made of PCD or CBN or hard alloy, the substrate layer is made of hard alloy or high-speed steel, the thickness of the cutting layer is H, the thickness of the substrate layer is H, and the relation is satisfied: h is more than 0.01D and less than or equal to 0.2D, and H is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.1D; the cutter body is made of hard alloy or high-speed steel.
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JP2001030107A (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-06 Hoei Kogyo:Kk Axially rotating cutting tool
CN102172823A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-09-07 上海大学 Multi-blade polycrystalline diamond (PCD) milling tool for processing carbon fiber reinforced plastics and manufacturing method thereof
US20110280673A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-17 Iscar, Ltd. Milling Tool for Machining Fiber Reinforced Composites and Multilayer Cutting Insert Therefor
US20140119843A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 In-Sun CHA Pcd milling cutter for lens processing
US20140140780A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Stojan Stojanovski Rotary cutting tool
US20160001381A1 (en) * 2014-07-04 2016-01-07 Jakob Lach Gmbh & Co. Kg Cutting tool, especially a friction tool, milling tool or drilling tool.
CN105834499A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-10 哈尔滨理工大学 Staggered PCD milling cutter used for processing reinforced fiber polymer and method
CN109304507A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-02-05 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 One kind is for carbon fibre composite processing PCD milling cutter
CN112976357A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-18 南京航空航天大学 Milling cutter for fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5193944A (en) * 1991-06-20 1993-03-16 Gn Tool Co., Ltd. Nicked cutting tool
JP2001030107A (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-06 Hoei Kogyo:Kk Axially rotating cutting tool
US20110280673A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-17 Iscar, Ltd. Milling Tool for Machining Fiber Reinforced Composites and Multilayer Cutting Insert Therefor
CN102172823A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-09-07 上海大学 Multi-blade polycrystalline diamond (PCD) milling tool for processing carbon fiber reinforced plastics and manufacturing method thereof
US20140119843A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 In-Sun CHA Pcd milling cutter for lens processing
US20140140780A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Stojan Stojanovski Rotary cutting tool
US20160001381A1 (en) * 2014-07-04 2016-01-07 Jakob Lach Gmbh & Co. Kg Cutting tool, especially a friction tool, milling tool or drilling tool.
CN105834499A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-10 哈尔滨理工大学 Staggered PCD milling cutter used for processing reinforced fiber polymer and method
CN109304507A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-02-05 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 One kind is for carbon fibre composite processing PCD milling cutter
CN112976357A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-18 南京航空航天大学 Milling cutter for fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite and manufacturing method thereof

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