CN113976858B - Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub - Google Patents
Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113976858B CN113976858B CN202111387710.0A CN202111387710A CN113976858B CN 113976858 B CN113976858 B CN 113976858B CN 202111387710 A CN202111387710 A CN 202111387710A CN 113976858 B CN113976858 B CN 113976858B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- die
- upper die
- aluminum alloy
- mold core
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
- B22C15/24—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum involving blowing devices in which the mould material is supplied in the form of loose particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
- B22D43/004—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal by using filtering means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a casting die and a casting method of an aluminum alloy hub, wherein an upper die assembly comprises an upper die connecting plate and an upper die, a fixed pressing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die, a plurality of upper die precast hole pins extending into the upper die are fixedly connected to the fixed pressing plate, an upper die insert is fixedly connected to the upper die, a lower die assembly comprises a lower die bottom plate and a lower die, a plurality of lower die precast hole pins are fixedly connected to the lower die, a die core assembly comprises an upper die core, a middle die core for forming a hub oil cavity and a lower die core, the middle die core is fixedly connected with the lower die core, the upper die core is connected with the middle die core in an inserting mode, the upper die insert, the upper die precast hole pins, the lower die precast hole pins and the die core assembly jointly encircle a die cavity of the aluminum alloy hub, and a pouring system is provided with a pouring gate, a direct-current vertical pouring gate and a transverse pouring gate which are communicated with the die cavity, and the pouring gate is arranged on the lower die bottom plate. The demolding auxiliary assembly assists in demolding of the hub blank, and the aluminum alloy hub manufactured by the casting mold and the casting method is good in compactness and good in product performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hubs, and particularly relates to a casting die of an aluminum alloy hub and a method for casting the aluminum alloy hub.
Background
With the rapid growth of Chinese economy, high-end logistics represented by electronic commerce, hazardous chemicals, cold chains and the like are rapidly developed, and the requirement on the weight reduction of vehicles is more outstanding; taking 1 tractor as an example (about 20 kilometers operated each year), each time the weight is reduced by 1Kg, more than about 200 yuan are earned each year; the need for weight reduction is urgent for commercial vehicle users and whole vehicle factories.
Compared with the spheroidal graphite cast iron which is the material of the traditional hub of the commercial vehicle, the density of aluminum is about 1/3 of that of spheroidal graphite cast iron, so that the dynamic balance of the product is easy to ensure, and the anti-shake effect of the vehicle is good; the product has light weight, is not easy to rust, and has better promotion effect on energy conservation and emission reduction; the good performance of the aluminum alloy can also ensure the fatigue strength and hardness of the corresponding hub, so that the replacement of cast iron with the aluminum alloy becomes an important method for the weight reduction of the hub.
But at the same time, the fatigue strength and hardness of the corresponding hub are maintained, and the solution aging treatment of the aluminum alloy hub is a good means for ensuring the strength. The original mold for manufacturing the traditional hub is not suitable for casting the aluminum alloy hub, so that the invention of the casting mold for the aluminum alloy hub is required to adapt to the progress of the lightweight development of the hub.
The bolt holes on the flange plate of the existing aluminum alloy hub and the half axle bolt holes on the end face of the aluminum alloy hub are formed by machining, the machining cost is high, the position of the oil storage cavity of the hub cannot be directly obtained by casting, after casting is completed, the position of the oil storage cavity of the blank needs to be machined, but the hub oil cavity needs to be subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment before machining, and due to the fact that the wall thickness of the blank oil storage cavity is thicker when the hub oil cavity is machined, insufficient crystal grains are possibly caused due to solution treatment and aging treatment, the product performance is poor, and materials and cutters are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a casting mould for an aluminum alloy hub, which can directly obtain a bolt hole and a hub oil storage cavity by casting, saves casting cost and machining cost, and is suitable for the lightweight development of the hub.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a casting die for an aluminum alloy hub, comprising:
The upper die assembly comprises an upper die connecting plate and an upper die, the upper die is fixedly connected to the lower part of the upper die connecting plate, the top of the upper die is fixedly connected with a fixed pressing plate, a plurality of upper die precast hole pins extending into the upper die are fixedly connected to the fixed pressing plate, an upper die insert is fixedly connected to the upper die,
The lower die assembly comprises a lower die bottom plate and a lower die, the lower die is fixed on the lower die bottom plate, a plurality of lower die precast hole pins are fixedly connected in the lower die,
The mold core assembly comprises an upper mold core, an intermediate mold core for forming a hub oil cavity and a lower mold core, wherein the upper mold core is fixedly connected with the upper mold, the lower mold core is positioned in the lower mold and is fixedly connected with the lower mold, the intermediate mold core is fixedly connected with the lower mold core, the upper mold core is spliced with the intermediate mold core,
The demolding auxiliary assembly comprises a push plate, a plurality of ejector rods and a plurality of guide posts, wherein the push plate is positioned between the upper die connecting plate and the upper die, the ejector rods and the guide posts are respectively and fixedly connected with the push plate, the ejector rods respectively penetrate through the upper die, the upper die core and the upper die insert, the ejector rods can move up and down relative to the upper die and the upper die insert, the guide posts can move up and down relative to the upper die,
The upper die, the upper die insert, the upper die pre-cast hole pin, the lower die pre-cast hole pin and the die core assembly jointly enclose a die cavity of the aluminum alloy hub,
The pouring system is provided with a pouring gate, a direct-current vertical pouring gate and a transverse pouring gate which are communicated with the cavity, and the pouring gate is arranged on the lower die bottom plate.
Preferably, a pouring gate piece is arranged in the lower mold core, a pouring gate runner communicated with the pouring gate is arranged on the pouring gate piece, the straight-flow type vertical runner is arranged on the middle mold core, and a filter screen is arranged between the pouring gate runner and the straight-flow type vertical runner;
the vertical runner of straight-flow type with the horizontal runner is linked together, the horizontal runner includes first horizontal runner and second horizontal runner, be provided with a plurality of on the lower mold core first horizontal runner, be provided with a plurality of on the upper mold core second horizontal runner.
Preferably, the lower mold core is provided with a plurality of upward convex supporting legs which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the space between two adjacent upward convex supporting legs forms the first transverse runner, the top of each upward convex supporting leg is provided with a first positioning bulge,
The upper mold core is provided with a plurality of lower convex supporting legs which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the space between two adjacent lower convex supporting legs forms the second transverse pouring channel, the bottom of each lower convex supporting leg is provided with a second positioning bulge,
The bottom and the top of the middle mold core are respectively provided with a plurality of bottom grooves and a plurality of top grooves, the bottom grooves are matched with the first positioning protrusions, and the top grooves are matched with the second positioning protrusions.
Preferably, a dynamic balance groove for enabling the hub blank to achieve dynamic balance is formed in the peripheral surface of the middle mold core.
Preferably, one of the bottom grooves of the middle mold core is set as an error-proof groove, and one of the first positioning protrusions on the lower mold core is correspondingly set as an error-proof protrusion.
Preferably, the hub blank is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs arranged at intervals and a plurality of spigot platforms arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, each corresponding reinforcing rib is connected with each spigot platform and is called a reinforcing spigot structure, the upper die insert is provided with a plurality of blocks, the reinforcing spigot blank is arranged in the upper die at intervals along the circumferential direction, the reinforcing spigot blank is formed by forming the reinforcing spigot structure, one part of the reinforcing spigot blank is arranged on the upper die insert, and the other part of the reinforcing spigot blank is arranged on the upper die.
Preferably, the push plate comprises a fixed dismounting plate and a guide dismounting plate which are fixedly connected, wherein the upper connecting ends of a plurality of ejector rods penetrate through the guide dismounting plate and are fixed with the fixed dismounting plate, a part of the lower ejection ends of the ejector rods are ejected to the end face of a flange plate of the hub blank, and the other part of the lower ejection ends of the ejector rods are ejected to the end face of a half shaft bolt hole formed in the hub blank.
Preferably, the upper die is provided with a vertical exhaust rod.
As the same conception, the invention aims to provide a hub casting method which ensures that the aluminum alloy hub has good compactness and high strength.
In order to solve the second technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for casting the aluminum alloy hub by using the casting mould of the aluminum alloy hub comprises the following steps:
a) Melting raw materials: the method comprises the steps of carrying out chemical component inspection on aluminum alloy raw materials, smelting the aluminum alloy raw materials qualified in inspection, and adding a refining agent for refining when the temperature of an aluminum alloy melt is 750-760 ℃ during smelting, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw materials to the refining agent is 100: (0.2 to 0.25);
Degassing a melting furnace, adding a deslagging agent into an aluminum alloy melt to remove impurities and deslagging, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw material to the deslagging agent is 100: (0.1 to 0.15);
Transferring the qualified melt to a holding furnace at 715-735 ℃ for heat preservation, sampling the heat-preserved melt in the holding furnace, pouring a test rod, detecting the pouring test rod, and taking the melt in the holding furnace as casting liquid after the detection is qualified;
b) Manufacturing an intermediate mold core: simultaneously injecting sand into a shell core machine to manufacture a sand core of the intermediate mold core, dip-coating and baking the sand core to obtain the intermediate mold core;
c) And (3) die pretreatment: preheating a die, and when the temperature of the die reaches 80+/-20 ℃, starting to clean a cavity by using a sand blasting gun;
Continuing preheating the mould, spraying heat-insulating paint on the pouring system, and then spraying lubricating and demoulding paint;
heating a die, wherein the temperature of the die is set to be 360+/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the die is more than or equal to 50 minutes;
then connecting the middle mold core with the lower mold core and the upper mold core;
The die continues to be heated, the temperature of an upper die assembly of the die is kept at 340-360 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die assembly of the die is kept at 360-400 ℃;
d) Pouring: a) Casting liquid in the step enters a liquid lifting pipe from the heat preservation furnace under the action of pressure, and the liquid lifting pipe is connected with a pouring gate;
the liquid lifting time is 10S, so that the pressure of the holding furnace is kept at 210mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 15S, filling and keeping the pressure of the holding furnace at 270mbar;
continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 360mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 520mbar;
Continuing to pressurize, after the pressure of the holding furnace reaches 800mbar, maintaining the pressure for 240S, and then starting to release pressure;
e) And (3) cooling: cooling the die to solidify the casting for 150-200S;
f) Taking out the aluminum alloy hub blank, performing X-ray flaw detection, polishing and cleaning burrs and flash at the parting surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank, performing solid solution aging treatment, and finally performing shot blasting treatment.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The casting mould of the aluminum alloy hub can obtain the bolt holes on the flange plate of the aluminum alloy hub and the half axle bolt holes on the end face of the aluminum alloy hub by casting, and the bolt holes are cast and molded by the pre-cast hole pin, so that the workload of machining is greatly reduced, and the yield of finished products is high. And the position of the hub oil storage cavity is also directly obtained by casting, so that the cutter abrasion is greatly reduced due to the reduction of the processing volume, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
The invention adopts the low-pressure casting method to cast the aluminum alloy wheel hub, the material consumption is less when the built-in pouring gate is used for manufacturing the mould and pouring the wheel hub, the built-in pouring gate is arranged into the direct-current type vertical pouring gate and the transverse pouring gate, the casting liquid is filled into the cavity through the direct-current type vertical pouring gate and the transverse pouring gate during pouring, the aluminum liquid is smoothly slowly flowed and can be fed, the wheel hub blank is sequentially solidified, and the technological yield of the wheel hub blank is high and can reach 82 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a casting mold of an aluminum alloy hub of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the die core assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the intermediate mold core of FIG. 2 from the bottom;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the upper mold core of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the lower core of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy hub blank;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the upper die insert 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the upper die of FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view at C-C of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the aluminum alloy hub in a mold closed state;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the aluminum alloy hub in an open state of the casting mold;
In the figure: 1. an upper die connecting plate; 2. an upper die; 201. an exhaust rod; 202. an upper die insert mounting hole; 203. pre-cast hole pin mounting holes; 204. a partial reinforcing spigot forming cavity; 3. a fixed pressing plate; 4. pre-casting hole pins of an upper die; 5. an upper die insert; 501. forming a spigot table groove; 6.a lower die bottom plate; 7. a lower die; 8. a lower die pre-cast hole pin; 9. an upper mold core; 91. a lower convex supporting leg; 91a, a second positioning protrusion; 901. an exhaust hole; 902. an ejector rod hole; 10. an intermediate mold core; 101. a bottom groove; 101a, error-proofing grooves; 102. a top groove; 103. a dynamic balance groove; 11. a lower mold core; 111. an upper convex supporting leg; 111a, first positioning projections; 111b, error-proofing protrusions; 13. an ejector rod; 14. a guide post; 15. a gate; 16. direct-current vertical pouring gate; 17. a gate member; 171. pouring gate; 18. a filter screen; 19. a transverse runner; 191. a first transverse runner; 192. a second transverse runner; m, a hub blank; m 1, reinforcing ribs; m 2, spigot platform; m 3, flange end face; m 4, end faces of half shaft bolt holes, 20, and fixing and dismounting plates; 21. and guiding the dismounting plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The casting mold of the aluminum alloy hub comprises: the mold comprises an upper mold assembly, a lower mold assembly, a mold core assembly, a demolding auxiliary assembly and a pouring system.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the upper die assembly comprises an upper die connecting plate 1 and an upper die 2, the upper die 2 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the upper die connecting plate 1, a fixed pressing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper die 2, a plurality of upper die precast hole pins 4 extending into the upper die 2 are fixedly connected to the fixed pressing plate 3, an upper die insert 5 is fixedly connected to the upper die 2, an upper die insert mounting hole 202 is formed in the upper die 2, and the upper die insert 5 is mounted in the upper die insert mounting hole 202. The upper die 2 is provided with a pre-cast hole pin mounting hole 203 for mounting the upper die pre-cast hole pin 4.
The lower die assembly comprises a lower die bottom plate 6 and a lower die 7, the lower die 7 is fixed on the lower die bottom plate 6, a plurality of lower die precast hole pins 8 are fixedly connected in the lower die 7,
As shown in fig. 2, the mold core assembly comprises an upper mold core 9, an intermediate mold core 10 for forming a hub oil cavity and a lower mold core 11, wherein the upper mold core 9 is fixedly connected with the upper mold 2, the lower mold core 11 is positioned in the lower mold 7 and is fixedly connected with the lower mold 7, the intermediate mold core 10 is fixedly connected with the lower mold core 11, the upper mold core 9 is spliced with the intermediate mold core 10,
As shown in fig. 1, 12 and 13, the demolding-assistance assembly comprises a push plate, a plurality of ejector rods 13 and a plurality of guide posts 14, wherein the push plate is positioned between the upper mold connecting plate 1 and the upper mold 2, the ejector rods 13 and the guide posts 14 are respectively fixedly connected with the push plate, the plurality of ejector rods 13 respectively penetrate through the upper mold 2, the upper mold core 9 and the upper mold insert 5, the ejector rods 13 can move up and down relative to the upper mold 2 and the upper mold insert 5, the guide posts 14 can move up and down relative to the upper mold 2,
The upper die 2, the upper die insert 5, the upper die pre-cast hole pin 4, the lower die 7, the lower die pre-cast hole pin 8 and the die core assembly jointly enclose into a die cavity of an aluminum alloy hub, the upper die 2 is provided with an exhaust hole 901, the pouring system is provided with a pouring gate 15, a direct-current vertical pouring gate 16 and a transverse pouring gate 19 which are communicated with the die cavity, and the pouring gate 15 is arranged on the lower die bottom plate 6.
A pouring gate piece 17 is arranged in the lower mold core 11, a pouring gate runner 171 communicated with the pouring gate 15 is arranged on the pouring gate piece 17, the straight-flow type vertical runner 16 is arranged on the middle mold core 10, and a filter screen 18 is arranged between the pouring gate runner 171 and the straight-flow type vertical runner 16;
The straight-flow vertical runner 16 is communicated with the horizontal runner 19, the horizontal runner 19 comprises a first horizontal runner 191 and a second horizontal runner 192, a plurality of first horizontal runners 191 are arranged on the lower mold core 11, and a plurality of second horizontal runners 192 are arranged on the upper mold core 9.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the lower mold core 11 is provided with a plurality of upper convex supporting legs 111 which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the space between two adjacent upper convex supporting legs 111 forms the first transverse runner 191, the top of the upper convex supporting leg 111 is provided with a first positioning protrusion 111a,
The upper mold core 9 is provided with a plurality of lower convex supporting legs 91 which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the space between two adjacent lower convex supporting legs 91 forms the second transverse pouring channel 192, the bottom of the lower convex supporting leg 91 is provided with a second positioning protrusion 91a, and the upper mold core 9 are provided with ejector rod holes 902.
The casting adopts the built-in pouring gate, the material consumption is less, the technological yield of the hub blank is high, and the yield can reach 82%. The hub is poured from the lower part of the die, the straight-flow vertical pouring channel 16 and the transverse pouring channel 19 are adopted for pouring and filling, the straight-flow vertical pouring channel 16 can be fed, so that aluminum liquid can flow slowly smoothly, and the hub blanks can be solidified sequentially.
The bottom and top of the intermediate mold core 10 are respectively provided with a plurality of bottom grooves 101 and a plurality of top grooves 102, the bottom grooves 101 are matched with the first positioning protrusions 111a, and the top grooves 102 are matched with the second positioning protrusions 91 a.
As shown in fig. 3, a dynamic balance groove 103 for dynamically balancing the hub blank M is provided on the peripheral surface of the intermediate mold core 10. One of the bottom grooves of the intermediate mold core 10 is set as an error-proofing groove 101a, and one of the first positioning projections 111a on the lower mold core 11 is correspondingly set as an error-proofing projection 111b.
As shown in fig. 8, a plurality of reinforcing ribs M 1 and a plurality of spigot platforms M 2 are circumferentially arranged on the hub blank M, each reinforcing rib M 1 and each spigot platform M 2 are correspondingly connected, and are called a reinforcing spigot structure, the upper die insert 5 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing spigot forming cavities are circumferentially arranged in the upper die 2 at intervals, the reinforcing spigot structure is formed by reinforcing spigot forming cavities, one part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavities is arranged on the upper die insert 5, the other part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavities is arranged on the upper die 2, and as shown in fig. 10, part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavities 204 are formed on the upper die 2.
The shape of the hub reinforcing rib M 1 is slender, if only the cavity for molding the hub reinforcing rib M 1 is opened on the upper die insert 5, a deep and narrow groove needs to be opened on the upper die insert 5, direct processing molding cannot be performed, and demolding is difficult after molding. Thus, as shown in fig. 9, the formed spigot land groove 501 on the upper die insert 5 is open, and is relatively easy to demold and clean. Through further optimization, as shown in fig. 10, one part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavity is arranged on the upper die insert 5, the other part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavity is arranged on the upper die 2, and the reinforcing spigot forming cavity can be arranged on the upper die insert 5 and the upper die 2 in a half-and-half way, so that the defects of easy adhesion and difficult cleaning are avoided during casting forming. In addition, if the upper die insert 5 is worn, the upper die insert can be conveniently disassembled, repaired and replaced.
When the die is manufactured, a fine slit is reserved between the upper die insert 5 and the upper die, the slit gap is about 0.15mm, filling and exhausting are facilitated, and molten aluminum cannot be drilled in. The upper die insert 5 and the upper die are made of the same material, are divided by adopting a linear cutting method, and are fixed together by utilizing a screw connection mode.
The push plate comprises a fixed dismounting plate 20 and a guide dismounting plate 21 which are fixedly connected, wherein the upper connecting ends of a plurality of ejector rods 13 penetrate through the guide dismounting plate 21 and are fixed with the fixed dismounting plate 20, the lower ejection ends of one part of ejector rods 13 are propped against the end face M 3 of the flange plate of the hub blank, and the other part of ejector rods are propped against the end face M 4 of the hub blank provided with the half axle bolt holes. The upper die 2 is provided with a vertical exhaust rod 201. The upper mold core 9 is provided with an exhaust hole 901.
The bolt holes and the half shaft bolt holes on the flange of the existing aluminum alloy hub are usually obtained by machining and punching, and the upper die pre-cast hole pin 4 and the lower die pre-cast hole pin 8 are used for casting the bolt holes and the half shaft bolt holes on the flange, so that the pre-cast hole pin is used for casting the bolt holes for preforming, the machining allowance is greatly reduced, and the finished product process yield reaches 87%. As the processing volume is reduced, the cutter abrasion is also greatly reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 12, in the mold clamping state, the upper mold 2 is pressed against the lower mold 7, the lower portion of the guide post 14 is supported by the lower mold 7, the upper portion of the guide post 14 lifts the guide detaching plate 21 and the fixing detaching plate 20, and the guide detaching plate 21 is spaced from the fixing pressing plate 3 in the up-down direction. As shown in fig. 13, when the upper die is opened, the upper die connecting plate 1 is lifted, the upper die 2 and the assembly fixed with the upper die insert 5 are driven to lift, and in the process of lifting the upper die 2 and separating from the lower die 7, the guide dismounting plate 21 and the fixed dismounting plate 20 relatively move downwards, and the fixed dismounting plate 20 pushes the ejection rod to leave the hub blank M on the lower die 7, so that the hub blank M and the upper die 2 are easily separated from each other by demolding.
The upper die assembly and the lower die assembly are respectively provided with a heating rod, the heating rods are used for heating the die, and the upper die assembly and the lower die assembly are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe for cooling.
The method for casting the aluminum alloy hub by using the casting mould of the aluminum alloy hub comprises the following steps:
a) Melting raw materials: the method comprises the steps of carrying out chemical component inspection on aluminum alloy raw materials, weighing by an electronic scale, carrying out analysis and test on returned furnace materials such as aluminum ingots or aluminum bars by a spectrometer, comparing the analyzed and tested aluminum alloy raw materials with a standard, smelting the qualified aluminum alloy raw materials, adding a refining agent for refining when the temperature of aluminum alloy molten liquid is 750-760 ℃ during smelting, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw materials to the refining agent is 100: (0.2 to 0.25); for example: pouring 1 ton of aluminum alloy raw material into a melting furnace to melt alloy, pressing the baked refining agent into the furnace by using a bell jar when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 750-760 ℃, adding 0.2-0.25 kg of the refining agent into each 100kg of the alloy raw material, using an integrated degassing machine to degas the melting furnace, and standing for 10 minutes after degassing for 10-15 minutes;
Adding a deslagging agent into the aluminum alloy melt to remove impurities and deslagging, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw materials to the deslagging agent is 100: (0.1 to 0.15); adding 0.1-0.15 kg of slag remover into 100kg of alloy to cover and turn over impurities on the surface of the aluminum liquid, skimming slag and standing for 10 minutes.
Transferring the qualified melt to a heat preservation furnace at 715-735 ℃ for heat preservation, sampling and checking the deterioration effect in the furnace, namely sampling and pouring a test rod for the heat preservation melt in the heat preservation furnace, detecting the pouring test rod, taking the melt in the heat preservation furnace as casting liquid after the detection is qualified, and closing the furnace door after checking the sealing state of the furnace door.
B) Manufacturing an intermediate mold core: simultaneously injecting sand into a shell core machine to manufacture a sand core of the intermediate mold core, dip-coating and baking the sand core to obtain the intermediate mold core; the method comprises the following steps:
Heating a fixed die for manufacturing the intermediate die core to 220-240 ℃ and the temperature of a movable die to 240-260 ℃; injecting sand into the fixed die and the movable die for 5S at 0.5Mpa, curing the sand core for 130-160S, dip-coating the sand core with water-based or alcohol-based paint, dipping the sand core with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, baking for 2 hours at 180-195 ℃ to obtain the intermediate mold core.
C) And (3) die pretreatment: preheating a mould, and when the temperature of the mould reaches 80+/-20 ℃ through an infrared thermometer, starting to clean pouring systems such as a cavity, a direct-current vertical pouring channel 16 and a transverse pouring channel 19 through a hand-held sand blasting gun;
Continuously preheating a die, using an infrared thermometer to confirm that the temperature of the die reaches 240+/-20 ℃, spraying or brushing heat-preserving paint on the pouring system for multiple times, spraying heat-preserving paint on the surface of a die cavity when the temperature of the die reaches 300+/-20 ℃, and then spraying lubricating and demolding paint; heating the die, setting the die baking temperature to 360+/-20 ℃, and keeping the die baking temperature for more than or equal to 50 minutes, so that the temperature of the whole die is uniform and consistent within a certain range;
Then the middle mold core 10 is put into a mold and is connected with the lower mold core 11 and the upper mold core 9;
The die continues to be heated, the temperature of an upper die assembly of the die is kept at 340-360 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die assembly of the die is kept at 360-400 ℃; and checking whether the cooling water pipe is smooth or not, and observing the backwater state.
D) Pouring: a) Casting liquid in the step enters a liquid lifting pipe from the heat preservation furnace under the action of pressure, and the liquid lifting pipe is connected with a pouring gate;
the liquid lifting time is 10S, so that the pressure of the holding furnace is kept at 210mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 15S, filling and keeping the pressure of the holding furnace at 270mbar;
continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 360mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 520mbar;
Continuing to pressurize, after the pressure of the holding furnace reaches 800mbar, maintaining the pressure for 240S, and then starting to release pressure;
e) And (3) cooling: cooling the die after pressure relief to solidify the casting for 150-200S;
f) Taking out the aluminum alloy hub blank, performing X-ray flaw detection, polishing and cleaning burrs and flash at the parting surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank M, performing solid solution aging treatment, and finally performing shot blasting treatment.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A casting die for an aluminum alloy hub, comprising:
The upper die assembly comprises an upper die connecting plate and an upper die, the upper die is fixedly connected to the lower part of the upper die connecting plate, the top of the upper die is fixedly connected with a fixed pressing plate, a plurality of upper die precast hole pins extending into the upper die are fixedly connected to the fixed pressing plate, an upper die insert is fixedly connected to the upper die,
The lower die assembly comprises a lower die bottom plate and a lower die, the lower die is fixed on the lower die bottom plate, a plurality of lower die precast hole pins are fixedly connected in the lower die,
The mold core assembly comprises an upper mold core, an intermediate mold core for forming a hub oil cavity and a lower mold core, wherein the upper mold core is fixedly connected with the upper mold, the lower mold core is positioned in the lower mold and is fixedly connected with the lower mold, the intermediate mold core is fixedly connected with the lower mold core, the upper mold core is spliced with the intermediate mold core,
The demolding auxiliary assembly comprises a push plate, a plurality of ejector rods and a plurality of guide posts, wherein the push plate is positioned between the upper die connecting plate and the upper die, the ejector rods and the guide posts are respectively and fixedly connected with the push plate, the ejector rods respectively penetrate through the upper die, the upper die core and the upper die insert, the ejector rods can move up and down relative to the upper die and the upper die insert, the guide posts can move up and down relative to the upper die,
The upper die, the upper die insert, the upper die pre-cast hole pin, the lower die pre-cast hole pin and the die core assembly jointly enclose a die cavity of the aluminum alloy hub,
The pouring system is provided with a pouring gate, a direct-current vertical pouring gate and a transverse pouring gate which are communicated with the cavity, and the pouring gate is arranged on the lower die bottom plate;
The lower mold core is internally provided with a pouring gate part, a pouring gate runner communicated with the pouring gate is arranged on the pouring gate part, the direct-current vertical runner is arranged on the middle mold core, and a filter screen is arranged between the pouring gate runner and the direct-current vertical runner;
The straight-flow vertical pouring gate is communicated with the transverse pouring gate, the transverse pouring gate comprises a first transverse pouring gate and a second transverse pouring gate, a plurality of first transverse pouring gates are arranged on the lower die core, and a plurality of second transverse pouring gates are arranged on the upper die core; and a vertical exhaust rod is arranged on the upper die.
2. The casting mold for aluminum alloy hubs according to claim 1, wherein the lower mold core is provided with a plurality of upper protruding support legs distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, spaces between two adjacent upper protruding support legs form the first transverse runner, the tops of the upper protruding support legs are provided with first positioning protrusions,
The upper mold core is provided with a plurality of lower convex supporting legs which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the space between two adjacent lower convex supporting legs forms the second transverse pouring channel, the bottom of each lower convex supporting leg is provided with a second positioning bulge,
The bottom and the top of the middle mold core are respectively provided with a plurality of bottom grooves and a plurality of top grooves, the bottom grooves are matched with the first positioning protrusions, and the top grooves are matched with the second positioning protrusions.
3. The casting mold for aluminum alloy hubs according to claim 2, wherein dynamic balance grooves for dynamically balancing hub blanks are provided on the peripheral surface of the intermediate mold core.
4. A casting mold for an aluminum alloy hub as recited in claim 3, wherein one of the bottom grooves of said intermediate mold core is provided with an error-preventing groove, and one of the first positioning projections on said lower mold core is correspondingly provided with an error-preventing projection.
5. The aluminum alloy hub casting mold as recited in claim 4, wherein a plurality of spaced reinforcing ribs and a plurality of spaced spigot stations are circumferentially provided on the hub blank, each of the corresponding reinforcing ribs and each of the spigot stations are connected, referred to as a reinforcing spigot structure, the upper mold insert is provided with a plurality of blocks circumferentially spaced in the upper mold, a reinforcing spigot forming cavity forms the reinforcing spigot structure, one part of the reinforcing spigot forming cavity is provided on the upper mold insert, and the other part is provided on the upper mold.
6. The aluminum alloy hub casting mold according to claim 5, wherein the push plate comprises a fixed dismounting plate and a guide dismounting plate which are fixedly connected, wherein upper connecting ends of a plurality of the ejector rods penetrate through the guide dismounting plate to be fixed with the fixed dismounting plate, a part of lower ejection ends of the ejector rods are ejected onto the flange end face of the hub blank, and the other part of lower ejection ends of the ejector rods are ejected onto the end face of the hub blank provided with the half axle bolt holes.
7. A method of casting an aluminum alloy hub using the casting mold of an aluminum alloy hub as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a) Melting raw materials: the method comprises the steps of carrying out chemical component inspection on aluminum alloy raw materials, smelting the aluminum alloy raw materials qualified in inspection, and adding a refining agent for refining when the temperature of an aluminum alloy melt is 750-760 ℃ during smelting, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw materials to the refining agent is 100: (0.2 to 0.25);
Degassing a melting furnace, adding a deslagging agent into an aluminum alloy melt to remove impurities and deslagging, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy raw material to the deslagging agent is 100: (0.1 to 0.15);
Transferring the qualified melt to a holding furnace at 715-735 ℃ for heat preservation, sampling the heat-preserved melt in the holding furnace, pouring a test rod, detecting the pouring test rod, and taking the melt in the holding furnace as casting liquid after the detection is qualified;
b) Manufacturing an intermediate mold core: simultaneously injecting sand into a shell core machine to manufacture a sand core of the intermediate mold core, dip-coating and baking the sand core to obtain the intermediate mold core;
c) And (3) die pretreatment: preheating a die, and when the temperature of the die reaches 80+/-20 ℃, starting to clean a cavity by using a sand blasting gun;
Continuing preheating the mould, spraying heat-insulating paint on the pouring system, and then spraying lubricating and demoulding paint;
heating a die, wherein the temperature of the die is set to be 360+/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation time of the die is more than or equal to 50 minutes;
then connecting the middle mold core with the lower mold core and the upper mold core;
The die continues to be heated, the temperature of an upper die assembly of the die is kept at 340-360 ℃, and the temperature of a lower die assembly of the die is kept at 360-400 ℃;
d) Pouring: a) Casting liquid in the step enters a liquid lifting pipe from the heat preservation furnace under the action of pressure, and the liquid lifting pipe is connected with a pouring gate;
the liquid lifting time is 10S, so that the pressure of the holding furnace is kept at 210mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 15S, filling and keeping the pressure of the holding furnace at 270mbar;
continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 360mbar;
Continuously pressurizing for 6S to keep the pressure of the holding furnace at 520mbar;
Continuing to pressurize, after the pressure of the holding furnace reaches 800mbar, maintaining the pressure for 240S, and then starting to release pressure;
e) And (3) cooling: cooling the die to solidify the casting for 150-200S;
f) Taking out the aluminum alloy hub blank, performing X-ray flaw detection, polishing and cleaning burrs and flash at the parting surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank, performing solid solution aging treatment, and finally performing shot blasting treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387710.0A CN113976858B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387710.0A CN113976858B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113976858A CN113976858A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113976858B true CN113976858B (en) | 2024-08-09 |
Family
ID=79749840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387710.0A Active CN113976858B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113976858B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114888258A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-12 | 湖州羿中智能科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy casting component formed by one-time die casting and processing method thereof |
| CN115255332B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-07-26 | 江苏锐美汽车零部件有限公司 | Low pressure casting double-motor integrated shell mold structure |
| CN115816765B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-06-13 | 南京肯特复合材料股份有限公司 | Forming method of PFA coated butterfly plate without air lines |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216263343U (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-04-12 | 山东浩信机械有限公司 | Casting die for aluminum alloy hub |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09314301A (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1997-12-09 | U Mold:Kk | Manufacture of light alloy wheel hub and the like |
| CN101579728B (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2011-06-15 | 万丰奥特控股集团有限公司 | Centrifugal casting method and device of magnesium alloy hub |
| CN201482969U (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2010-05-26 | 烟台路通精密铝业有限公司 | Low-pressure casting machine |
| CN207188765U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | A kind of enhancing vented mould for casting aluminium alloy wheel hub |
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111387710.0A patent/CN113976858B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216263343U (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-04-12 | 山东浩信机械有限公司 | Casting die for aluminum alloy hub |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113976858A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113976858B (en) | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum alloy hub | |
| CN101444838B (en) | Method for casting large jigger wheel with counterbalance | |
| CN108543914B (en) | High-pressure hub casting mold and casting method thereof | |
| CN117259728A (en) | Casting mold and casting method of aluminum-iron composite brake disc | |
| CN113426983A (en) | Vacuum die-casting die for front longitudinal beam of new energy automobile | |
| CN111014640A (en) | Automobile part casting molding process | |
| CN202984580U (en) | Cylinder cover casting die | |
| CN216263343U (en) | Casting die for aluminum alloy hub | |
| CN109396336B (en) | Casting method of main bearing cap of medium-speed and high-speed high-power diesel engine | |
| CN210587103U (en) | Liquid forging ultra-light wheel disc assembly forming die and system | |
| CN112517890A (en) | Manufacturing process of motorcycle shock absorber aluminum cylinder | |
| CN112808949A (en) | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum wheel hub | |
| CN116274877A (en) | LNG liquid outlet flange preparation method | |
| CN116274950A (en) | Automobile structural part integrated die-casting forming device and method | |
| CN112658226B (en) | Unequal-thickness deep cavity shell type aluminum alloy component extrusion casting device and using method thereof | |
| CN112296279A (en) | Novel split type round steel die casting process | |
| CN112872320A (en) | Die casting die of sediment is arranged in easy exhaust | |
| CN220760975U (en) | High-strength pressure cast aluminum die | |
| CN117505776B (en) | Casting process of centrifugal compressor base | |
| CN220920854U (en) | Side forming type casting die | |
| CN217874143U (en) | Vacuum bottom plate of magnesium alloy electric brush assembly | |
| CN112170803B (en) | Batch type forming device for coke oven door bolts | |
| CN111230050B (en) | Rapid core-pulling treatment method for casting core | |
| CN219632524U (en) | Resin sand mould for casting | |
| CN114799056B (en) | Pouring system of coated sand of water-cooled bearing shell of supercharger and sand mould core shooting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |