CN112808949A - Casting mold and casting method for aluminum wheel hub - Google Patents
Casting mold and casting method for aluminum wheel hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN112808949A CN112808949A CN202110170995.6A CN202110170995A CN112808949A CN 112808949 A CN112808949 A CN 112808949A CN 202110170995 A CN202110170995 A CN 202110170995A CN 112808949 A CN112808949 A CN 112808949A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/28—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for wheels, rolls, or rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/06—Core boxes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a casting die of an aluminum hub.A top die is respectively fixedly connected with a top die core and an upper connecting plate, a die core ring is formed by a plurality of slide block die blocks distributed around the circumference of a middle die core, and the slide block die blocks are detachably connected with the middle die core; the push-out ring is fixedly connected with the push-out plate; a lower template is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a lower die, a lower die insert assembly and a core die assembly are fixedly connected to the lower template; the gate component is positioned above the upper die core and is provided with a gate and a pouring channel; the upper die, the upper die core, the core die assembly, the push-out ring, the lower die and the lower die insert assembly jointly enclose a die cavity of the aluminum hub, and the sprue and the pouring gate are communicated with the die cavity of the aluminum hub. Above-mentioned mould can directly obtain the wheel hub oil storage chamber by the casting, whole reduce cost. The casting method of the aluminum hub adopts gravity and medium-pressure air energy for casting, aluminum water is poured from the upper part of the mold, the mold filling pressure is higher, a certain feeding effect can be achieved, the compactness of the hub is good, the strength of the product is high, and the performance is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hubs, and particularly relates to a casting mold and a casting method for an aluminum hub.
Background
With the rapid increase of Chinese economy, high-end logistics represented by electricity merchants, dangerous chemicals, cold chains and the like are rapidly developed, and the requirements on the light weight of vehicles are more outstanding; taking 1 tractor as an example (operating about 20 kilometers per year), each weight is reduced by 1Kg, and the annual earning cost is nearly 200 yuan; therefore, the demand of commercial vehicle users and whole vehicle factories for light weight is urgent.
Compared with nodular cast iron which is the material of the traditional wheel hub of the commercial vehicle, the density of aluminum is about 1/3 of the nodular cast iron, the dynamic balance of the product is easy to ensure, and the anti-shaking effect of the vehicle is good; the product is light in weight, is not easy to rust, and has a good promotion effect on energy conservation and emission reduction; the good performance of the aluminum alloy can also ensure the corresponding fatigue strength and hardness of the wheel hub, so that the aluminum alloy is used for replacing cast iron to become an important method for lightening the wheel hub.
But simultaneously, the fatigue strength and the hardness of the corresponding hub are also kept, and the quenching and tempering treatment of the aluminum alloy hub is a good means for ensuring the strength. The original mold for manufacturing the traditional wheel hub is not suitable for casting the aluminum alloy wheel hub, so that the invention of the aluminum wheel hub casting mold is needed to adapt to the progress of light weight development of the wheel hub.
In addition, the existing aluminum alloy wheel hub usually adopts a low-pressure sand casting method, the wheel hub forming pressure is low, the problems of shrinkage porosity, sand sticking and the like are easy to occur, the position of a wheel hub oil storage cavity cannot be directly obtained by casting, after the casting is finished, the position of a blank oil storage cavity needs to be machined to obtain a wheel hub oil cavity, but before the wheel hub oil cavity is machined, solution treatment and aging treatment need to be carried out on a wheel hub blank, and because the wall thickness of the blank oil storage cavity which is not machined is thick, the solution treatment and the aging treatment are possibly insufficient to cause coarse crystal grains, the product performance is poor, and materials and tools are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a casting mold for an aluminum hub, which can directly obtain a hub oil storage cavity by casting, does not need to be reprocessed, saves the casting cost and the processing cost, and is suitable for the light weight development of the hub.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a casting mold for an aluminum hub, comprising:
the upper die assembly comprises an upper die, an upper die core and an upper connecting plate, the upper die is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper die core and the upper connecting plate,
the core die assembly comprises an intermediate core die and a core die ring, the core die ring is formed by a plurality of sliding block core die blocks distributed around the circumference of the intermediate core die, and the sliding block core die blocks are detachably connected with the intermediate core die;
the auxiliary forming assembly comprises a push-out ring and a push-out plate, and the push-out ring is fixedly connected with the push-out plate;
the lower die assembly comprises a bottom plate, a lower template, a lower die and a lower die insert assembly, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the lower template, and the lower die, the lower die insert assembly and the core die assembly are fixedly connected to the lower template;
the gate component is positioned above the upper die core and is provided with a gate and a pouring channel;
the upper die, the upper die core, the core die assembly, the push-out ring, the lower die and the lower die insert assembly jointly enclose a die cavity of the aluminum hub, and the sprue and the pouring channel are communicated with the die cavity of the aluminum hub.
Preferably, each of the sliding block core modules is provided with two contact side surfaces which are attached to the other sliding block core modules, and the two contact side surfaces of at least one of the sliding block core modules are provided with a draft angle.
Preferably, a plurality of the sliding block core modules are fixedly inserted into the middle core die.
Preferably, the middle core mold is provided with a middle through hole for the shunt cone assembly to pass through, and the middle core mold is provided with an insertion groove for the sliding block core module to be inserted.
Preferably, the insertion groove is an annular insertion groove formed in the outer peripheral surface of the middle core mold, an arc-shaped insertion joint protruding downwards is arranged at the bottom of each sliding block core module, and the arc-shaped insertion joint is matched with the annular insertion groove.
Preferably, the insertion grooves are formed in the top end of the middle core mold at intervals, the insertion grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the top end of the middle core mold, a radial insertion joint protruding along the radial direction is arranged inside each sliding block core module, and the radial insertion joints are matched with the insertion grooves.
Preferably, the lower die insert assembly comprises a lower die insert ring and a plurality of bolt hole positioning pins, the lower die insert ring is fixedly connected with the lower die plate, the bolt hole positioning pins are fixed on the lower die insert ring, the lower die insert ring is provided with a positioning and mounting groove for mounting the middle core die, the bottom of the middle core die is provided with an insertion part matched with the positioning and mounting groove, and the middle core die is fixedly connected with the lower die insert ring.
Preferably, the auxiliary forming assembly comprises a push rod, the push rod moves up and down along a guide hole in the bottom plate, and the push rod is fixedly connected with the ejector plate;
the sprue component comprises a sprue inner sleeve and a sprue outer sleeve, the sprue outer sleeve is provided with the sprue and an installation inner cavity for accommodating the sprue inner sleeve, the sprue inner sleeve is provided with the sprue, and the bottom end of the sprue outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper mold core.
The invention provides a method for casting a hub, which aims to solve another technical problem and lead an aluminum hub to have good compactness and high strength and directly obtain a hub oil storage cavity by casting.
In order to solve the second technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for casting the aluminum hub by using the casting mold for the aluminum hub comprises the following steps:
a) raw material treatment: carrying out chemical component inspection on an aluminum raw material by using a spectrum detector, smelting the raw material, carrying out impurity and slag removal treatment on the smelted melt, detecting the chemical components and the temperature of the melt, ensuring the temperature of the melt to be 740-750 ℃, and using the qualified melt as a casting liquid for later use;
b) pretreatment of a mold: simultaneously with the step a), preheating a casting mold of the aluminum wheel hub, controlling the temperature within the range of 410 +/-20 degrees, spraying the mold cavity, setting the thickness of the coating to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, arranging a filter screen at the position of a mold gate, detecting the pressure in the mold cavity, and ensuring that the pressure in the mold cavity is greater than or equal to 0.5 Mpa;
c) pouring: injecting the casting liquid obtained in the step a) into a cavity of a casting mold of the aluminum hub from a pouring gate component at the top, ensuring that the casting amount is sufficient, timely cleaning excessive materials, ensuring that each piece is completely poured and cleaned within 15-30 seconds, ensuring that the pouring temperature is kept at 730-740 ℃ during pouring, maintaining the pressure for 400 seconds after pouring is completed, and ensuring that the pressure in the cavity is more than or equal to 0.5 Mpa;
d) and (3) cooling: heating the top of the mold while cooling the bottom of the mold to keep the temperature of the top at 200-350 ℃, and timing 550 seconds from the beginning of pouring;
e) taking out the aluminum wheel hub blank and the sliding block core module: and removing a casting head, taking out the aluminum hub blank, then sequentially taking out the sliding block core modules, selecting the sliding block core modules with the die drawing angles on two contact side surfaces, taking out the sliding block core modules with the die drawing angles on one side, and finally taking out the rest sliding block core modules.
Preferably, in the step c), after the pouring is finished, the pressure is maintained for 400 seconds, and the pressure in the cavity is ensured to be 0.5-1.5 MPa.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the core mold component capable of directly obtaining the hub oil storage cavity through casting is invented by the aluminum hub casting mold, the wall thickness of the oil storage cavity directly obtained through casting is thin, solid solution treatment and aging treatment are facilitated to refine crystal grains, pouring materials are saved, machining steps are reduced, and cost is integrally reduced.
The core mold ring is formed by a plurality of slide block core mold blocks distributed around the circumference of the middle core mold, and the slide block core modules are detachably connected with the middle core mold, so that the core mold assembly can be recycled.
Every slider core module all is provided with two contact surface that paste mutually with other slider core modules, and two contact surface of at least one slider core module are provided with the draft angle, and the casting is accomplished the back, takes out the slider core module that two contact surface all have the draft angle earlier, then takes out other slider core modules, than clearance traditional wheel hub inner chamber labour saving and time saving, has improved wheel hub production efficiency.
The casting method of the aluminum hub casting mould has the advantages that the casting method is higher in strength and less prone to sand sticking than the original casting method which adopts low pressure and sand mould casting, gravity and medium pressure air are adopted for casting, molten aluminum is poured from the upper portion of the mould, the pressure applied to a cavity after pouring is more than or equal to 0.5Mpa, usually 0.5-1.5Mpa, the mold filling pressure is higher, a certain feeding effect can be achieved, the compactness of the hub is good, the product density is about 2.77-2.79g.cm, the process yield is more than 85%, the product strength is high, and the performance is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a casting mold for an aluminum hub of a hub unit according to the present invention after the mold is closed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum hub unit of the invention after the casting mold is opened;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the core mold assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the core mold assembly of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a mandrel ring of the mandrel assembly of fig. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the core mold assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic view of the core mold assembly of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a mandrel ring of the mandrel assembly of fig. 6;
in the figure: 1-upper mold assembly, 11-upper mold, 12-upper mold core, 13-upper connecting plate, 2-core mold assembly, 21-intermediate core mold, 211-annular slot, 22-core mold ring, 221-slider core module, 221 a-first slider core module, 221 b-second slider core module, 221 c-third slider core module, 221 d-fourth slider core module, 221 e-fifth slider core module, 221 a-fourth slider core module, 221 e-fifth slider core module, and1-a first arcuate connector, 221b1-a second arcuate connector, 221c1-a third arcuate connector, 221d1-a fourth arcuate connector, 221e1-a fifth arcuate connector, 23-an intermediate core die, 24-a core die ring, 241-a slider core module, 241 a-a first slider core module, 241 b-a second slider core module, 241 c-a third slider core module, 241 d-a fourth slider core module, 241 e-a fifth slider core module, 241a1A first radial plug connector, 241b1A second radial plug, 241c1-a third radial plug, 241d1A fourth radial plug, 241e1-fifth radial spigot, 3-auxiliary forming component, 31-ejector ring, 32-ejector plate, 4-lower die component, 41-bottom plate, 42-lower die plate, 43-lower die, 44-lower die insert component, 441-lower die insert ring, 442-bolt hole locating pin, 5-gate component, 51-gate jacket, 511-gate, 52-gate jacket, 521-gate, 6-spreader cone component, 61-spreader cone support bar, 62-spreader cone, L-hub blank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the casting mold for aluminum wheel hub, the upper mold assembly 1 includes an upper mold 11, an upper mold core 12 and an upper connecting plate 13, the upper mold 11 is fixedly connected with the upper mold core 12 and the upper connecting plate 13 respectively through bolts,
the core mold assembly 2 includes an intermediate core mold 21 and a core mold ring 22 for molding an oil cavity of the hub blank L, the core mold ring 22 is formed of a plurality of slider core modules 221 distributed circumferentially around the intermediate core mold 21, the slider core modules 221 are detachably connected to the intermediate core mold 21;
the auxiliary forming assembly 3 comprises a push-out ring 31 and a push-out plate 32, and the push-out ring 31 is fixedly connected with the push-out plate 32;
the lower die assembly 4 comprises a bottom plate 41, a lower die plate 42, a lower die 43 and a lower die insert assembly 44, the bottom plate 41 is fixedly connected with the lower die plate 42, and the lower die plate 42 is fixedly connected with the lower die 43, the lower die insert assembly 44 and the core die assembly 2;
a gate component 5 is located above the upper mold core 12, the gate component being provided with a gate 511 and a runner 521;
the upper die 11, the upper die core 12, the core die assembly 2, the push-out ring 31, the lower die 43 and the lower die insert assembly 44 together enclose a cavity of the aluminum hub, and the sprue 511 and the runner 521 are communicated with the cavity of the aluminum hub.
When a traditional hub die is cast, a core die assembly is not filled in an oil cavity of a hub blank but is filled by casting solution, after casting is completed, the hub blank needs solution treatment and aging treatment, then the position of an oil storage cavity of the blank needs reprocessing, and the wall thickness of the oil storage cavity of the blank which is not processed is thick, so that crystal grains are thick due to insufficient solution treatment and aging treatment, and materials and tools are wasted.
The hub die can directly cast the hub oil storage cavity, the wall thickness of the oil cavity is thin, solid solution treatment and aging treatment are facilitated to refine grains, pouring materials are saved, machining steps are reduced, and the cost is integrally reduced.
The plurality of slider core modules 221 are fixedly inserted into the intermediate core mold 21. The middle core mold 21 is provided with a middle through hole for the shunt cone assembly to pass through, the shunt cone assembly 6 comprises a shunt cone support rod 61 and a shunt cone 62 fixed at the top of the shunt cone support rod, the middle core mold 21 is sleeved outside the shunt cone assembly, and the middle core mold 21 is provided with an insertion groove for the sliding block core module 221 to be inserted and connected.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the slider core module 221 includes a first slider core module 221a, a second slider core module 221b, a third slider core module 221c, a fourth slider core module 221d, and a fifth slider core module 221e sequentially arranged in a clockwise direction, the insertion groove of the intermediate core mold 21 is an annular insertion groove 211 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate core mold 21, and an arc-shaped insertion head protruding downward is provided at the bottom of each slider core module, that is, the first slider core module 221a is provided with a first arc-shaped insertion head 221a1The second sliding block core module 221b is provided with a second arc-shaped plug connector 221b1The third sliding block core module 221c is provided with a third arc-shaped plug connector 221c1The fourth sliding block core module 221d is provided with a fourth arc-shaped plug connector 221d1The fifth sliding block core module 221e is provided with a fifth arc-shaped plug connector 221e1The arc-shaped plug connector is plugged in the annular slot 211. The shape of the slider core module 221 is set according to the hub oil cavity shape to avoid tilting of the slider core module 221 during casting, but to ensure that the center of gravity of the slider core module 221 is located above the concave annular slot 211 of the center core mold.
Each sliding block core module is provided with two contact side surfaces attached to other sliding block core modules, and the two contact side surfaces of at least one sliding block core module are provided with draft angles. For example, in this embodiment, both contact sides of the first slider core block 221a are provided with draft angles, preferably set to 3 °, and correspondingly, one contact side of the second slider 221b and one contact side of the fifth slider 221e that abuts the first slider core block 221a are also provided with draft angles. The above arrangement is to facilitate taking out the slider core module 221 from the oil chamber of the hub blank after taking out the hub blank from the hub mold. In addition, the sliding block core module 221 is preferably made of metal, so that the sliding block core module 221 can be recycled on one hand, and the sliding block core module 221 cannot be crushed by pressure like a sand core in the pressure applying process of casting on the other hand.
The lower die insert assembly 44 comprises a lower die insert ring 441 and a plurality of bolt hole positioning pins 442, the bolt hole positioning pins 442 are used for forming bolt holes in the end face of the bottom of the hub, the lower die insert ring 441 is fixedly connected with the lower die plate 42, the bolt hole positioning pins 442 are fixed on the lower die insert ring 441, a positioning and mounting groove for mounting the middle core die 21 is formed in the lower die insert ring 441, an insertion part matched with the positioning and mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the middle core die 21, and the middle core die 21 is fixedly connected with the lower die insert ring 441.
The auxiliary forming assembly 3 comprises a push rod 33, the push rod 33 moves up and down along a guide hole on the bottom plate 41, and the push rod 33 is fixedly connected with the ejector plate 32; when the mold is opened, the pushing rod 33 pushes the ejector plate 32 and the ejector ring 31 to move upward, and the ejector ring 31 drives the hub blank L and the core mold ring 22 in the oil cavity to move upward.
The gate assembly 5 includes a gate inner sleeve 52 and a gate outer sleeve 51, the gate outer sleeve 51 defines a gate 511 and an installation cavity for accommodating the gate inner sleeve 52, the gate inner sleeve 52 defines a gate 521, and a bottom end of the gate outer sleeve 51 is fixedly connected to the upper mold core 12.
The mold opening process comprises:
when the mold is opened, the upper mold assembly 1 and the gate assembly 5 move upward, and then the push rod 33 of the auxiliary molding assembly 3 pushes the push-out plate 32, the push-out ring 31, the hub blank L, and the core mold ring 22 in the oil cavity upward, so that the hub blank L is pushed out, and at the same time, the core mold ring 22 and the intermediate core mold 21 are disengaged. After the complete cooling, the plurality of slide block core modules 221 are sequentially taken out from the oil cavity of the hub blank L, and in the present embodiment, the taking-out order of the five slide block core modules is as follows: the first slider core module 221a may be removed first, the second slider core module 221b and/or the fifth slider 221e may be removed second, and the third slider core module 221c and/or the fourth slider core module 221d may be removed last.
A method of casting an aluminum hub using the aluminum hub casting mold of fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
a) raw material treatment: a spectrum detector is used for carrying out chemical component detection on an aluminum raw material (an aluminum ingot or an aluminum bar and the like). Smelting the qualified raw materials by using a crucible electric furnace, and carrying out impurity and slag removal treatment on the smelted melt, wherein the specific impurity removal method comprises the steps of stirring for 20 minutes by using an argon graphite rotor to remove hydrogen and oxide skin, adding 500g of slag remover to remove slag, and adding 500g of refining agent to refine. Detecting chemical components and temperature of the refined melt, mainly detecting the chemical components and detecting hydrogen by a spectrum analyzer, detecting the tapping temperature by a temperature measuring gun, ensuring the temperature of the melt to be 740-750 ℃, and taking the qualified melt as a casting liquid for later use;
b) pretreatment of a mold: and c) simultaneously baking and preheating the casting die of the aluminum hub, and detecting the temperature by a thermocouple to control the temperature within the range of 410 +/-20 ℃. Spraying a material on the inner cavity of the upper cavity by using a spray gun to prevent the pouring liquid from sticking to the inner cavity of the mold, wherein the thickness of the material is less than or equal to 0.5mm, in addition, the material also needs to be sprayed at a gate component of the mold, the thickness of the material at a gate and a pouring gate at the gate component is 0.5-1mm, a filter screen is preferably arranged at the gate of the mold to further remove impurities from the poured molten liquid, and the pressure in the cavity of the mold is detected by using a pressure gauge to ensure that the pressure in the cavity is more than or equal to 0.;
c) pouring: and (b) injecting the casting liquid obtained in the step a) into a cavity of a casting mold of the aluminum hub from a pouring gate component at the top by using a pouring spoon, ensuring that the pouring amount is sufficient, timely cleaning excessive materials, ensuring that each piece is poured and cleaned within 15-30 seconds, and ensuring the pouring time by using a time relay and an alarm bell. Detecting the pouring temperature by using a temperature measuring gun during pouring, ensuring that the pouring temperature is kept at 730-740 ℃, filling a asbestos pad at a pouring gate, applying pressure by using a pressure bag after the pouring is finished, and ensuring that the pressure in a cavity is more than or equal to 0.5Mpa and keeping the pressure for 400 seconds;
d) and (3) cooling: heating the top of the mold while cooling the bottom of the mold to keep the temperature of the top at 200-350 ℃, and timing 550 seconds from the beginning of pouring; and cooling the open line casting in the box, wherein the cooling time is 550 seconds from the beginning of pouring, the top is continuously heated to 200-350 ℃, and the bottom cooling is started from the end of pouring to the end of opening the box.
e) Taking out the aluminum wheel hub blank and the sliding block core module: after casting, a casting head is removed by a sawing machine or a lathe, the aluminum hub blank is taken out, then the sliding block core modules are taken out in sequence, the sliding block core modules with the drawing angles on two contact side surfaces are required to be selected, the sliding block core modules with the drawing angles on one side are taken out, and finally the rest sliding block core modules are taken out.
And (3) treatment after the blank is taken out: putting the wheel hub blank into a heat treatment furnace for solution treatment and artificial aging heat treatment, wherein the solution treatment comprises the following steps: 525 ℃/12h, aging treatment: 155 ℃/4h, then shot blasting by a shot blasting machine to clean the appearance and remove the internal stress.
And (3) detection: after the wheel hub blank is cast, detection is needed, mainly mechanical property detection (the qualified standard is that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 380MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 7 percent, the hardness is 120HBW), appearance detection (defects such as no slag hole/air hole/shrinkage porosity/bruise) and casting size detection.
In the step c), after the pouring is finished, the pressure is maintained for 400 seconds, and the pressure in the cavity is ensured to be 0.5-1.5 Mpa.
The traditional casting mould for the aluminum hub is cast by adopting low pressure and sand mould, the mould is usually filled from the lower part of the mould under the pressure of 0.02-0.06MPa, the mould filling pressure is low, the compactness of the hub is poor, the product density is about 2.7g.cm, the process yield is lower than 80%, the product strength is poor, and sand is easy to stick.
The aluminum hub casting method provided by the invention adopts gravity and medium-pressure air energy for casting, aluminum water is poured from the upper part of the mold, the pressure applied in the cavity after pouring is more than or equal to 0.5MPa, usually 0.5-1.5MPa, the mold filling pressure is higher, a certain feeding effect can be achieved, the compactness of the hub is good, the product density is about 2.77-2.79g.cm, the process yield is more than 85%, the product strength is high, and the performance is good.
Example two:
the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
the core mold assembly 2 has a slightly different structure, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, a plurality of insertion grooves 231 are formed at intervals at the top end of the middle core mold 23, the insertion grooves 231 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the top end of the middle core mold 23, a radial insertion joint protruding along the radial direction is arranged in each slider core module, and the radial insertion joint is matched with the insertion grooves. In this embodiment, five intermediate cores 23 are provided at the top end thereofAnd the inserting grooves arranged at intervals are sequentially arranged along the clockwise direction: a first slider core module 241a, a second slider core module 241b, a third slider core module 241c, a fourth slider core module 241d and a fifth slider core module 241e, the corresponding radial bayonet joints being in turn a first radial bayonet joint 241a1A second radial plug 241b1A third radial connector 241c1Fourth radial plug 241d1And a fifth radial plug 241e1. The taking-out sequence of the five sliding block core modules is as follows: the first slider core module 241a may be removed first, the second slider core module 241b and/or the fifth slider 241e may be removed second, and the third slider core module 241c and/or the fourth slider core module 241d may be removed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A casting mold for an aluminum hub, comprising:
the upper die assembly comprises an upper die, an upper die core and an upper connecting plate, the upper die is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper die core and the upper connecting plate,
the core die assembly comprises an intermediate core die and a core die ring, the core die ring is formed by a plurality of sliding block core die blocks distributed around the circumference of the intermediate core die, and the sliding block core die blocks are detachably connected with the intermediate core die;
the auxiliary forming assembly comprises a push-out ring and a push-out plate, and the push-out ring is fixedly connected with the push-out plate;
the lower die assembly comprises a bottom plate, a lower template, a lower die and a lower die insert assembly, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the lower template, and the lower die, the lower die insert assembly and the core die assembly are fixedly connected to the lower template;
the gate component is positioned above the upper die core and is provided with a gate and a pouring channel;
the upper die, the upper die core, the core die assembly, the push-out ring, the lower die and the lower die insert assembly jointly enclose a die cavity of the aluminum hub, and the sprue and the pouring channel are communicated with the die cavity of the aluminum hub.
2. The aluminum hub casting mold of claim 1, wherein each of the sliding block core modules is provided with two contact side surfaces against which the other sliding block core modules abut, and the two contact side surfaces of at least one of the sliding block core modules are provided with a draft angle.
3. The aluminum hub casting mold of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the slider core modules are fixedly inserted into the intermediate core mold.
4. The aluminum hub casting mold according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate core mold is provided with an intermediate through hole for the spreader cone assembly to pass through, and the intermediate core mold is provided with an insertion groove for the sliding block core module to be inserted.
5. The aluminum hub casting mold according to claim 4, wherein the insertion grooves are annular insertion grooves formed in the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate core mold, and a downwardly protruding arc-shaped insertion head is provided at the bottom of each of the slider core modules, and the arc-shaped insertion heads are adapted to the annular insertion grooves.
6. The aluminum hub casting mold of claim 4, wherein a plurality of the insertion grooves are arranged at intervals at the top end of the middle core mold, the plurality of the insertion grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the top end of the middle core mold, a radial insertion joint protruding in the radial direction is arranged inside each slider core module, and the radial insertion joint is matched with the insertion grooves.
7. The aluminum hub casting mold according to claim 4, wherein the lower mold insert assembly comprises a lower mold insert ring and a plurality of bolt hole positioning pins, the lower mold insert ring is fixedly connected with the lower mold plate, the bolt hole positioning pins are fixed on the lower mold insert ring, a positioning and mounting groove for mounting the intermediate core mold is formed in the lower mold insert ring, an insertion part matched with the positioning and mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the intermediate core mold, and the intermediate core mold is fixedly connected with the lower mold insert ring.
8. The aluminum hub casting mold as claimed in claim 4, wherein the auxiliary forming assembly comprises a push rod which moves up and down along a guide hole formed in the bottom plate, and the push rod is fixedly connected with the ejector plate;
the sprue component comprises a sprue inner sleeve and a sprue outer sleeve, the sprue outer sleeve is provided with the sprue and an installation inner cavity for accommodating the sprue inner sleeve, the sprue inner sleeve is provided with the sprue, and the bottom end of the sprue outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper mold core.
9. A method of casting an aluminum hub using the aluminum hub casting mold of claim 1,
the method comprises the following steps:
a) raw material treatment: carrying out chemical component inspection on an aluminum raw material by using a spectrum detector, smelting the raw material, carrying out impurity and slag removal treatment on the smelted melt, detecting the chemical components and the temperature of the melt, ensuring the temperature of the melt to be 740-750 ℃, and using the qualified melt as a casting liquid for later use;
b) pretreatment of a mold: simultaneously with the step a), preheating a casting mold of the aluminum wheel hub, controlling the temperature within the range of 410 +/-20 degrees, spraying the mold cavity, setting the thickness of the coating to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, arranging a filter screen at the position of a mold gate, detecting the pressure in the mold cavity, and ensuring that the pressure in the mold cavity is greater than or equal to 0.5 Mpa;
c) pouring: injecting the casting liquid obtained in the step a) into a cavity of a casting mold of the aluminum hub from a pouring gate component at the top, ensuring that the casting amount is sufficient, timely cleaning excessive materials, ensuring that each piece is completely poured and cleaned within 15-30 seconds, ensuring that the pouring temperature is kept at 730-740 ℃ during pouring, maintaining the pressure for 400 seconds after pouring is completed, and ensuring that the pressure in the cavity is more than or equal to 0.5 Mpa;
d) and (3) cooling: heating the top of the mold while cooling the bottom of the mold to keep the temperature of the top at 200-350 ℃, and timing 550 seconds from the beginning of pouring;
e) taking out the aluminum wheel hub blank and the sliding block core module: and removing a casting head, taking out the aluminum hub blank, then sequentially taking out the sliding block core modules, selecting the sliding block core modules with the die drawing angles on two contact side surfaces, taking out the sliding block core modules with the die drawing angles on one side, and finally taking out the rest sliding block core modules.
10. The method of casting an aluminum wheel hub as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step c), after the completion of the pouring, the pressure is maintained for 400 seconds and the pressure in the cavity is maintained at 0.5Mpa to 1.5 Mpa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110170995.6A CN112808949A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum wheel hub |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110170995.6A CN112808949A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Casting mold and casting method for aluminum wheel hub |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114918374A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Mould for direct granulating and forming of molten iron on pig casting machine |
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2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202110170995.6A patent/CN112808949A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114918374A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Mould for direct granulating and forming of molten iron on pig casting machine |
| CN114918374B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-02-27 | 攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司 | Mould for directly granulating and forming molten iron on pig machine |
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