CN113976847A - Production method for improving central shrinkage cavity and cracks of low-carbon steel billet - Google Patents
Production method for improving central shrinkage cavity and cracks of low-carbon steel billet Download PDFInfo
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- CN113976847A CN113976847A CN202111274295.8A CN202111274295A CN113976847A CN 113976847 A CN113976847 A CN 113976847A CN 202111274295 A CN202111274295 A CN 202111274295A CN 113976847 A CN113976847 A CN 113976847A
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- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010956 selective crystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026438 poor feeding Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
- B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a production method for improving central shrinkage cavity and cracks of a low-carbon steel billet, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.18-0.25% of C, 0.20-0.35% of Si, 0.38-0.53% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.050% of P, less than or equal to 0.050% of S, 0.30-0.40% of Cr and 0-0.0012% of N, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of controlling superheat degree, adjusting secondary cooling specific water quantity, pulling speed, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring and solidification tail end electromagnetic stirring, so that central shrinkage cavities and cracks formed in the production process of low-carbon steel billets are eliminated, the current of electromagnetic stirring of the crystallizer is controlled to be 180-250A, the frequency is controlled to be 2-4 Hz, and crystallizer slag entrapment, negative segregation of continuous casting billets, aggravation of water gap slag line erosion and the like can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a production method for improving central shrinkage cavity and cracks of a low-carbon steel billet.
Background
The low-carbon chromium-containing steel is mainly applied to the industries of machinery, automobiles, household appliances, buildings and the like and is usually produced from small square billets. Due to the fact that the drawing speed is high and the temperature is not well controlled, the defects of first-out central shrinkage cavity, middle cracks, central cracks and the like can appear in the continuous casting process, and the defects are transmitted to a steel rolling process, so that large central shrinkage cavity and cracks appear on a rolled material macroscopically, rolling blooming can also appear seriously, and the phenomenon of steel holding is caused. These defects are caused by a plurality of parameters, and the parameters have mutual influence.
In the continuous casting process, the temperature is generally in a descending trend, fine isometric crystals are generated on the surface layer when the casting blank is solidified, and when the heat transfer from the interior to the exterior is reduced, the casting blank starts to be directionally solidified to form columnar crystals. The pulling speed is also one of the key parameters influencing the central defect, the pulling speed is too high, the central segregation and the porosity are serious, and the central shrinkage cavity grade is also higher. In the secondary cooling zone, the specific water quantity is considered only, and the specific water quantity is too small, so that the length of a liquid cavity is too long, and shrinkage cavities are easy to generate due to poor feeding of molten steel. Electromagnetic stirring and low superheat degree casting can reduce central macrosegregation by increasing the quantity of equiaxed crystals at the center of the liquid core, electromagnetic stirring at the solidification tail end can promote conversion of columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals to generate a wide and thin equiaxed crystal area, so that the equiaxed crystal area can be densely filled in the solidification tail end, the arm spacing of secondary dendritic crystals is reduced, the permeability of a viscous area is controlled, the solidification rate is improved, and the solidification time interval is reduced. The metallurgical effect is not obvious when the solidification tail end electromagnetic stirring is singly adopted, the superheat degree of molten steel can be greatly reduced by adopting a crystallizer and the solidification tail end electromagnetic stirring in a combined mode, the solidification time is shortened, and therefore a wide and thin equiaxial crystal area is generated, equiaxial crystals can be further refined by the solidification tail end electromagnetic stirring, the flowing of a viscous area and the uniformity of temperature and components can be kept, and further shrinkage cavity, looseness, cracks and the like in the center of a casting blank are improved.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201210204232.X discloses a continuous casting method for improving the central shrinkage cavity of a high-carbon steel billet, which improves the central shrinkage cavity of the high-carbon steel billet by controlling the superheat degree, the argon blowing amount of a submerged nozzle, full-protection casting, adjusting the secondary cooling specific water amount and the pulling speed, electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer and light pressing of a solidification tail end, but when a light pressing technology is applied to the low-carbon steel billet in the actual production process, the low-carbon chromium-containing steel billet can be caused to generate central cracks and corner cracks, the production cost is increased, argon blowing protection casting is kept in the whole process during production, and the risk that the low-carbon chromium-containing steel billet generates subcutaneous bubbles can be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the problems that a method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of a low-carbon steel billet is lacked in the prior art, when a pressing technology is applied to the low-carbon steel billet, the low-carbon chromium-containing steel billet can generate central cracks and corner cracks, the production cost is increased, argon blowing protection pouring is kept in the whole process during production, and the risk problem that the low-carbon chromium-containing steel billet can generate subcutaneous bubbles is increased, the production method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of the low-carbon steel billet is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a production method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of a low-carbon steel billet comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.18-0.25% of C, 0.20-0.35% of Si, 0.38-0.53% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.050% of P, less than or equal to 0.050% of S, 0.30-0.40% of Cr and 0-0.0012% of N, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the superheat degree of molten steel, wherein the superheat degree of the molten steel is 20-30 ℃;
(2) adjusting the cooling water ratio of secondary cooling, wherein the cooling water ratio of secondary cooling water of the secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.8-1.0L/kg, and performing gas mist cooling to ensure a proper cooling gradient in the continuous casting process and prevent gas from separating out or remaining in steel to cause bubbles or shrinkage cavities due to reduction of solubility or entrainment;
(3) controlling the casting blank pulling speed, wherein the average pulling speed of the casting blank corresponding to each flow of crystallizer is 2.0-2.3 m/min;
(4) electromagnetic stirring is carried out on a crystallizer, the current is controlled to be 180-250A, the frequency is controlled to be 2-4 Hz, the looseness and segregation in steel are reduced, fine isometric crystals are generated on the surface layer when a casting blank is solidified, when the heat transfer from the inside to the outside is reduced, the casting blank starts to be directionally solidified to form columnar crystals, solute elements are accumulated to a liquid phase region through selective crystallization, and the segregation of the elements is formed when the solute elements are closed by bridged columnar crystals and cannot be exchanged with other liquids;
(5) electromagnetic stirring is carried out at the solidification tail end, the current is controlled to be 150-250A, and the frequency is controlled to be 5-7 Hz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a production method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of a low-carbon steel billet, which eliminates the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks formed in the production process of the low-carbon steel billet by controlling the superheat degree, adjusting the secondary cooling specific water quantity, the pulling speed, the electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer and the electromagnetic stirring of the solidification tail end, and can avoid the generation of crystallizer slag entrapment, negative segregation of a continuous casting billet, aggravation of nozzle slag line erosion and the like by controlling the current of the electromagnetic stirring of the crystallizer to be 180-250A and the frequency to be 2-4 Hz.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low-carbon steel billet of example 1 of the present invention subjected to a low-power pickling of a cross section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a low-carbon steel billet low-power pickling of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a low-carbon steel billet of example 3 of the present invention subjected to a low-power pickling of a cross section;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional low-power pickling of the low-carbon steel billet of the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional low-power pickling of 2 low-carbon steel billets before improvement in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sectional low-power pickling of the low-carbon steel billet of the invention before the improvement of the low-carbon steel billet of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
A production method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of a low-carbon steel billet comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.18-0.25% of C, 0.20-0.35% of Si, 0.38-0.53% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.050% of P, less than or equal to 0.050% of S, 0.30-0.40% of Cr and 0-0.0012% of N, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the superheat degree of molten steel, wherein the superheat degree of the molten steel is 20-30 ℃;
(2) adjusting the cooling water ratio of secondary cooling, wherein the cooling water ratio of secondary cooling water of the secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.8-1.0L/kg, and performing gas mist cooling to ensure a proper cooling gradient in the continuous casting process and prevent gas from separating out or remaining in steel to cause bubbles or shrinkage cavities due to reduction of solubility or entrainment;
(3) controlling the casting blank pulling speed, wherein the average pulling speed of the casting blank corresponding to each flow of crystallizer is 2.0-2.3 m/min;
(4) electromagnetic stirring is carried out on a crystallizer, the current is controlled to be 180-250A, the frequency is controlled to be 2-4 Hz, the looseness and segregation in steel are reduced, fine isometric crystals are generated on the surface layer when a casting blank is solidified, when the heat transfer from the inside to the outside is reduced, the casting blank starts to be directionally solidified to form columnar crystals, solute elements are accumulated to a liquid phase region through selective crystallization, and the segregation of the elements is formed when the solute elements are closed by bridged columnar crystals and cannot be exchanged with other liquids;
(5) electromagnetic stirring is carried out at the solidification tail end, the current is controlled to be 150-250A, and the frequency is controlled to be 5-7 Hz.
Through controlling the superheat degree, adjusting the secondary cooling specific water amount, the pulling speed, the electromagnetic stirring of the crystallizer and the electromagnetic stirring of the solidification tail end, central shrinkage cavities and cracks formed in the production process of low-carbon steel billets are eliminated, the current of the electromagnetic stirring of the crystallizer is controlled to be 180-250A, the frequency is controlled to be 2-4 Hz, the generation of crystallizer slag entrapment and negative segregation and aggravation of water in continuous casting billets can be avoided
Example 1:
(1) adopting a process flow of 120t converter-120 t LF refining-160 x 160 ten machine ten flow small square billet continuous casting for production, wherein the superheat degree of molten steel is 26 ℃;
(2) the average casting blank pulling speed corresponding to each flow crystallizer is 2.13m/min, the cooling specific water quantity of secondary cooling water of a secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.87L/kg, and the whole process is subjected to gas mist cooling;
(3) electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/3Hz and electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/6 Hz;
(4) and rolling the 160mm by 160mm small square billets into a material to obtain the low-carbon chromium-containing steel finished hot rolled material.
Example 2:
(1) adopting a process flow of 120t converter-120 t LF refining-160 x 160 ten machine ten flow small square billet continuous casting for production, wherein the superheat degree of molten steel is 23 ℃;
(2) the average casting blank pulling speed corresponding to each flow crystallizer is 2.12m/min, the cooling specific water quantity of secondary cooling water of a secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.86L/kg, and the whole process is subjected to gas mist cooling;
(3) electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/3Hz and electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/6 Hz;
(4) and rolling the 160mm by 160mm small square billets into a material to obtain the low-carbon chromium-containing steel finished hot rolled material.
Example 3:
(1) adopting a process flow of 120t converter-120 t LF refining-160 x 160 ten machine ten flow small square billet continuous casting for production. The superheat degree of the molten steel is 26 ℃;
(2) the average casting blank pulling speed corresponding to each flow crystallizer is 2.02m/min, the cooling specific water quantity of secondary cooling water of a secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.85L/kg, and the whole process is subjected to gas mist cooling;
(3) electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/3Hz and electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer under the condition of 200A/6 Hz;
(4) and rolling the 160mm by 160mm small square billets into a material to obtain the low-carbon chromium-containing steel finished hot rolled material.
Before improvement, the casting blank drawing speed is 2.65-2.91m/min, the cooling specific water amount of secondary cooling water of a secondary cooling section of a crystallizer is 1.1-1.5L/kg, the whole process is subjected to aerial fog cooling, the superheat degree is 35-53 ℃, electromagnetic stirring of the crystallizer and electromagnetic stirring of a solidification tail end are not adopted, chemical smelting components before and after improvement are kept unchanged, and the low-power pickling quality pairs of the continuous casting blank before and after improvement are shown in attached table 1 and attached figures 1-6.
TABLE 1 improved low-power pickling detection structure contrast (grade) of continuous casting billet before and after
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A production method for improving the central shrinkage cavity and the cracks of a low-carbon steel billet comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.18-0.25% of C, 0.20-0.35% of Si, 0.38-0.53% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.050% of P, less than or equal to 0.050% of S, 0.30-0.40% of Cr and 0-0.0012% of N, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) controlling the superheat degree of molten steel, wherein the superheat degree of the molten steel is 20-30 ℃;
(2) adjusting the secondary cooling water ratio, wherein the cooling water ratio of the secondary cooling water of the secondary cooling section of each flow crystallizer is 0.8-1.0L/kg, and performing aerial fog cooling;
(3) controlling the casting blank pulling speed, wherein the average pulling speed of the casting blank corresponding to each flow of crystallizer is 2.0-2.3 m/min;
(4) electromagnetically stirring the crystallizer, controlling the current to be 180-250A and controlling the frequency to be 2-4 Hz;
(5) electromagnetic stirring is carried out at the solidification tail end, the current is controlled to be 150-250A, and the frequency is controlled to be 5-7 Hz.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103695788A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-02 | 天津钢铁集团有限公司 | Wire rod production technology for ocean hose capable of resisting high pressure and high-concentration acid corrosion |
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| CN106735021A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of continuous casting process for exempting from the weather-proof steel bridge of application with high-strength fastener weathering steel |
| CN106825463A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 首钢总公司 | A kind of method that billet caster produces low-carbon (LC) Ni Mo steel alloys |
| CN110004366A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of aluminiferous low-carbon construction(al)steel and its smelting process |
-
2021
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202111274295.8A patent/CN113976847A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4671335A (en) * | 1980-04-02 | 1987-06-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Method for the continuous production of cast steel strands |
| JP2001502974A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 2001-03-06 | アシアイ スペシャリ テルニ ソシエタ ペル アチオニ | Continuous casting method for producing low carbon steel strips and strips that can be produced with good mechanical properties in the as-cast condition |
| CN101876024A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method for high-chrome continuous cast billet containing N duplex stainless steel of pipe blank |
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| CN104894476A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 常州东大中天钢铁研究院有限公司 | Steel wire rod for building grid and preparation method of steel wire rod |
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| CN106825463A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-13 | 首钢总公司 | A kind of method that billet caster produces low-carbon (LC) Ni Mo steel alloys |
| CN110004366A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of aluminiferous low-carbon construction(al)steel and its smelting process |
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Application publication date: 20220128 |