CN108380835B - Low-segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
Abstract
A low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet and a manufacturing method thereof belong to the field of low segregation continuous casting billet manufacturing. A manufacturing method of a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet comprises the following steps: firstly, conveying refined molten steel to a rotary table, adding tundish covering agent through a tundish, introducing the molten steel into a crystallizer, adding crystallizer covering slag, primarily solidifying and crystallizing the molten steel, and then performing continuous casting by a continuous casting machine, wherein the casting speed is controlled to be 1.00-1.50m/min during casting by the continuous casting machine. The manufacturing method has simple and convenient cogging process and low production cost, reduces the segregation of the continuous casting blank by the special casting powder for the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirring and the weak cold drawing process, improves the particle sizes of free ferrite, net-shaped carbide and carbide of a finished product, eliminates thermal stress and structural transformation stress by slow cooling and annealing of the continuous casting blank, prevents cogging and improves the qualified rate of the casting blank. In addition, the invention also relates to a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet which is a special material for manufacturing high-quality gas valves of internal combustion engines such as automobile engines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low segregation continuous casting billet manufacturing, in particular to a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The phenomenon of uneven distribution of the constituent elements in the alloy during crystallization is called segregation. In the process of solidification and crystallization of molten steel, because of high cooling speed, chemical components in solidified metal are not in time to diffuse, so that uneven distribution is caused, and segregation is generated.
42Cr9Si2The steel contains 0.35-0.50% of C, 2.0-3.0% of Si and 8.0-10.0% of Cr, and is a martensite heat-resistant steel with high heat strength, structure stability and oxidation resistance and small tendency of temper brittleness, is a special material for manufacturing gas valves of internal combustion engines, and is mainly used for manufacturing gas inlet valves of internal combustion engines. However, the steel belongs to medium-high carbon high silicon alloy martensite steel, the temperature range of solid-liquid two-phase line is wide, and the blank shell is solidifiedThe steel has long intervals and good molten steel fluidity, so that the phenomena of leakage, cracking and the like are easy to occur in the continuous casting and blank drawing process.
In the prior art, 42Cr9Si2The square billet production adopts a die casting +825 blooming mill for cogging, the working procedures are multiple, the period is long, the cost is high, the casting and cooling conditions of the ingot of the die casting ingot are limited, meanwhile, the temperature range of a solid-liquid two-phase line of 42Cr9Si2 steel is wide, the composition segregation of the ingot in the solidification process is large, the composition segregation of the ingot is difficult to improve in the subsequent processing process, the segregation of a finished product is large, and the phenomena of excessive sizes of free ferrite, reticular carbide and carbide particles and the like are caused.
At present, the related research on the manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet in China is few, and the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The invention solves the problems of the gas valve steel continuous casting billet such as the drawing leakage cracking and the segregation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet, which can manufacture the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet.
The invention also aims to provide a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet which has less segregation, excellent performance and is economical and practical.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet, which comprises the following steps: firstly, conveying refined molten steel to a rotary table, passing through a tundish, adding a tundish covering agent, introducing the molten steel passing through the tundish into a crystallizer with electromagnetic stirring, adding crystallizer covering slag, performing primary solidification and crystallization on the molten steel, and then performing continuous casting by a continuous casting machine, wherein the casting speed is controlled to be 1.00-1.50m/min during continuous casting.
The invention also provides a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet which is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet provided by the invention has the advantages that the manufacturing process is simple and convenient, the production cost is reduced, the process is strictly carried out according to various parameters, the segregation of the continuous casting billet is reduced by the special casting powder for the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirring and the weak cold drawing steel process, the particle sizes of free ferrite, net-shaped carbide and carbide of a finished product are improved, the slow cooling annealing of the continuous casting billet eliminates the thermal stress and the structure transformation stress, the cogging is prevented, and the casting qualification rate is improved.
The low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet provided by the invention has the advantages of low free ferrite, low segregation and small mesh carbide particle size, and is a special material for manufacturing high-quality gas valves of internal combustion engines such as automobile engines.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following describes a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting slab and a manufacturing method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing method of a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet, which comprises the following steps: firstly, conveying refined molten steel to a rotary table, passing through a tundish and adding a tundish covering agent, then introducing the molten steel passing through the tundish into a crystallizer and adding crystallizer covering slag, primarily solidifying and crystallizing the molten steel, and then throwing the molten steel by a continuous casting machine, wherein the throwing speed is controlled to be 1.00-1.50m/min during the throwing of the continuous casting machine.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process flow specifically includes the following steps:
a. pouring molten steel into a tundish
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the raw material of the continuous casting billet adopts 42Cr9Si2Steel, 42Cr first9Si2Refining the steel into molten steel through a steel furnace or directly using finished molten steel, filling the molten steel into a crane ladle, and conveying the molten steel to a rotary table by a craneWhen the melting point of the molten steel is 1470 ℃, the temperature of the ladle and the temperature of the rotary table are slightly higher than the melting point of the molten steel, so that the molten steel is prevented from being solidified before reaching the crystallizer, the temperature of the ladle is 1555 and 1565 ℃, the temperature of the rotary table is 1545 and 1550 ℃, and the number of continuous casting ladles is 2-4. If other special conditions are met, such as a new ladle, a first ladle of a digging and repairing ladle, molten steel of an LF furnace needing to wait for casting due to production organization reasons or the like or the number of drawn steel streams is reduced, the ladle temperature can be increased by 5-15 ℃ on the basis of the above conditions.
If the temperature of the molten steel is too high, the following hazards are easy to occur: leakage occurs when molten steel flows through the crystallizer; the erosion of the refractory material is accelerated, the continuous casting is easy to lose control, and the continuous casting safety is reduced; non-metallic impurities are added, so that the quality of the continuous casting billet is influenced; the columnar crystals of the continuous casting billet are developed; the central segregation is aggravated; the central shrinkage is easy to be aggravated. If the temperature of the molten steel is too low, the following hazards are easy to appear: the nozzle is easy to block, and continuous casting is interrupted; the continuous casting surface is easy to generate defects such as cracks and the like; the non-metallic impurities are not easy to float upwards, and the quality of the continuous casting billet is influenced.
And after the rotary table rotates to a pouring position, molten steel is injected into the tundish, and when the molten steel of the tundish is injected to 5t, tundish covering agent is added, wherein the tundish covering agent needs to completely cover the surface of the molten steel, and the tundish covering agent is timely added in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to shine.
b. Distributing the molten steel to a crystallizer
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, after the molten steel is poured into the tundish, the tundish distributes the molten steel into each crystallizer through the water gap of the tundish, and the crystallizer is the core equipment of the continuous casting process, can form and rapidly solidify and crystallize a cast part, and is also a first cooling place of the whole continuous casting process.
And an immersion nozzle is inserted into the crystallizer to prevent secondary oxidation and molten steel splashing of the tundish injection flow, the insertion depth of the immersion nozzle is 95-105mm, and the immersion nozzle needs to be strictly centered. When the liquid level of the molten steel of the crystallizer submerges the lower hole of the submerged nozzle, the crystallizer covering slag is added, and the crystallizer covering slag is added in time in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to be bright.
The molten steel is primarily solidified by a crystallizerDuring crystallization, the crystallizer cooling is also carried out simultaneously, the cooling of the crystallizer adopts a water cooling mode, and the flow rate of the cooling water of the crystallizer is 112-3The water pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the water temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is less than or equal to 10 ℃.
The crystallizer adopts an electromagnetic continuous stirring mode, the current is controlled to be 120-140A, and the frequency is 4 Hz.
c. Secondary cooling
The molten steel is primarily solidified and crystallized by a crystallizer, enters a secondary cooling area for cooling, and then is subjected to blank drawing by a continuous casting machine, wherein the secondary cooling adopts a water cooling mode, the water pressure of secondary cooling water is 0.7-0.9MPa, and the specific water amount is 0.25-0.30.
The secondary cooling comprises three cooling areas, namely a first cooling area, a second cooling area and a third cooling area, wherein the secondary cooling water distribution ratios of the first cooling area, the second cooling area and the third cooling area are respectively 40% -45%, 32% -37% and 20% -25% in sequence.
d. Drawing billet
The blank drawing speed of the continuous casting machine during blank drawing is determined by the superheat degree, when the superheat degree is below 20 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.25-1.50m/min, when the superheat degree is 20-25 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.20-1.25m/min, when the superheat degree is 26-35 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.15-1.20m/min, when the superheat degree is 36-40 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.15-1.10m/min, and when the superheat degree is above 40 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.00-1.10 m/min.
Under the same condition, the pulling speed of the second flow is 0-0.02m/min lower than that of the other two flows, and the rest errors are +/-0.02 m/min; when the temperature of the tundish is in a rising or falling trend after temperature measurement (the temperature fluctuation of the tundish is large in the processes of first ladle casting and molten steel connection of two ladles), the allowable adjusting range of the pulling speed is 0-0.10 m/min; the manual casting starting pulling speed is controlled to be 0.7 +/-0.05 m/min.
The hot blank pressure of the withdrawal and straightening machine is controlled to be 20-40 MPa.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet which is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the 42Cr produced by the continuous casting billet manufacturing method9Si2And (3) continuously casting a continuous casting billet with the number of 118L-55 and the specification of 150 x 150 mm. The process flow specifically comprises the following steps:
a. pouring molten steel into a tundish
In this example, 42Cr was used as the raw material for the continuous casting slab9Si2Steel, 42Cr first9Si2The steel is refined into molten steel through a steel furnace or finished molten steel is directly used, the number of continuous casting ladles is 3, namely 3 furnaces are used for continuous combustion, the furnace numbers are respectively 118F-221, 118F-222 and 118F-223, the molten steel is filled in a ladle and is conveyed to a rotary table by a crane, the temperature of the ladle and the temperature of the rotary table are slightly higher than the melting point of the molten steel, the molten steel is prevented from solidifying before reaching a crystallizer, and the continuous casting ladle temperature and the rotary table temperature of each furnace are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 ladle temperature and turret temperature
And after the rotary table rotates to a pouring position, molten steel is injected into the tundish, and when the molten steel of the tundish is injected to 5t, tundish covering agent is added, wherein the tundish covering agent needs to completely cover the surface of the molten steel, and the tundish covering agent is timely added in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to shine.
b. Distributing the molten steel to a crystallizer
In this embodiment, after the molten steel is poured into the tundish, the tundish distributes the molten steel from its nozzles to the various molds, which are the core equipment of the continuous casting process and which enable the cast to be shaped and rapidly solidified and crystallized, and which are the first cooling points of the entire continuous casting process.
The submerged nozzle is inserted into the crystallizer, secondary oxidation and molten steel splashing of pouring flow of the tundish are prevented, the insertion depth of the submerged nozzle is 100mm, and the submerged nozzle needs to be strictly centered. When the liquid level of the molten steel of the crystallizer submerges the lower hole of the submerged nozzle, the crystallizer covering slag is added, and the crystallizer covering slag is added in time in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to be bright.
When the molten steel is subjected to preliminary solidification and crystallization through the crystallizer, the crystallizer is cooled simultaneously, the cooling of the crystallizer adopts a water cooling mode, and the flow rate of cooling water of the crystallizer is 116.8m3The water pressure is 0.6MPa, and the temperature difference of water in the inlet and the outlet is 5.5 ℃, 5.52 and 5.35 ℃ respectively.
The crystallizer adopts an electromagnetic continuous stirring mode, the current is controlled to be 130A, and the frequency is 4 Hz.
c. Secondary cooling
After the molten steel is subjected to primary solidification and crystallization by a crystallizer, the molten steel enters a secondary cooling area for cooling and then is subjected to blank drawing by a continuous casting machine, the secondary cooling adopts a water cooling mode, the water pressure of secondary cooling water is 0.8MPa, and the specific water amount is 0.28.
The secondary cooling comprises three cooling areas, namely a first cooling area, a second cooling area and a third cooling area, and the distribution ratio of secondary cooling water of the first cooling area, the second cooling area and the third cooling area is respectively 43.3%, 34.9% and 21.8% in sequence.
d. Drawing billet
The drawing speed is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 blank drawing speed
The hot billet pressure control of the withdrawal and straightening unit is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 hot blank pressure of withdrawal and straightening unit
| Numbering | Withdrawal and straightening of No. 1 (MPa) | 2# withdrawal and straightening (MPa) | Withdrawal and straightening of No. 3 (MPa) |
| Hot blank pressure of positive blank | 22 | 27 | 32 |
| Hot blank pressure of head blank | 25 | 30 | 35 |
Example 2
In the embodiment, the 42Cr produced by the continuous casting billet manufacturing method9Si2And continuously casting a continuous casting billet with the size of 150 x 150mm and the number of 118L-79. The process flow specifically comprises the following steps:
a. pouring molten steel into a tundish
In this example, 42Cr was used as the raw material for the continuous casting slab9Si2Steel, 42Cr first9Si2The steel is refined into molten steel through a steel furnace or finished molten steel is directly used, the number of continuous casting ladles is 4, namely 4 continuous furnaces are used for continuous combustion, the furnace numbers are respectively 118F-351, 118F-352, 118F-353 and 118F-354, the molten steel is filled in a ladle and is conveyed to a rotary table by a crane, the temperature of the ladle and the temperature of the rotary table are slightly higher than the melting point of the molten steel, the molten steel is prevented from being solidified before reaching a crystallizer, and the continuous casting ladle temperature and the rotary table temperature of each furnace are shown in a table 4:
TABLE 4 ladle temperature and turret temperature
And after the rotary table rotates to a pouring position, molten steel is injected into the tundish, and when the molten steel of the tundish is injected to 5t, tundish covering agent is added, wherein the tundish covering agent needs to completely cover the surface of the molten steel, and the tundish covering agent is timely added in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to shine.
b. Distributing the molten steel to a crystallizer
In this embodiment, after the molten steel is poured into the tundish, the tundish distributes the molten steel from its nozzles to the various molds, which are the core equipment of the continuous casting process and which enable the cast to be shaped and rapidly solidified and crystallized, and which are the first cooling points of the entire continuous casting process.
The submerged nozzle is inserted into the crystallizer, secondary oxidation and molten steel splashing of pouring of the tundish are prevented, the insertion depth of the submerged nozzle is 102mm, and the submerged nozzle needs to be strictly centered. When the liquid level of the molten steel of the crystallizer submerges the lower hole of the submerged nozzle, the crystallizer covering slag is added, and the crystallizer covering slag is added in time in the subsequent steel drawing process to keep the slag surface not to be bright.
When the molten steel is subjected to preliminary solidification and crystallization through the crystallizer, the crystallizer is cooled simultaneously, the cooling of the crystallizer adopts a water cooling mode, and the flow rate of cooling water of the crystallizer is 116.5m3The water pressure is 0.6MPa, and the temperature difference of inlet water and outlet water is 5.47, 5.61 and 5.41 ℃ respectively.
The crystallizer adopts an electromagnetic continuous stirring mode, the current is controlled to be 130A, and the frequency is 4 Hz.
c. Secondary cooling
After the molten steel is subjected to primary solidification and crystallization by a crystallizer, the molten steel enters a secondary cooling area for cooling and then is subjected to blank drawing by a continuous casting machine, the secondary cooling adopts a water cooling mode, the water pressure of secondary cooling water is 0.8MPa, and the specific water amount is 0.28.
The secondary cooling comprises three cooling areas, namely a first cooling area, a second cooling area and a third cooling area, and the distribution ratio of secondary cooling water of the first cooling area, the second cooling area and the third cooling area is respectively 43.3%, 34.9% and 21.8% in sequence.
d. Drawing billet
The drawing speed is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 blank drawing speed
The hot billet pressure control of the withdrawal and straightening unit is shown in table 6:
TABLE 6 hot blank pressure of withdrawal and straightening unit
| Numbering | Withdrawal and straightening of No. 1 (MPa) | 2# withdrawal and straightening (MPa) | Withdrawal and straightening of No. 3 (MPa) |
| Hot blank pressure of positive blank | 22 | 27 | 32 |
| Hot blank pressure of head blank | 25 | 30 | 35 |
The reduction residue (grade), center porosity (grade) and casting yield (%) of the 150-square continuous casting slabs obtained in example 1 and example 2, and the net-like carbides (grade), carbide particle size (. mu.m) and carbide particle size (. mu.m) of the finished discs at high power were measured, respectively.
The results of the test of example 1 are shown in Table 7:
TABLE 7 high-power test results for continuous casting slabs and finished discs
The results of the test of example 2 are shown in table 8:
TABLE 8 high-power test results for continuous casting slabs and finished discs
According to the table 7 and the table 8, the continuous casting slab and the product thereof manufactured by the manufacturing method of the low segregation continuous casting slab provided by the invention have the advantages of low residue reduction level and center porosity level, compact continuous casting slab, good quality and 100% of qualified rate. The product has low grade of net-shaped carbide, less quantity, small carbide particle size, no free ferrite and excellent structure performance, and is a raw material for manufacturing high-quality gas valves.
In conclusion, the manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet provided by the invention has the advantages that the process is simple and convenient, the production cost is reduced, the process is strictly carried out according to various parameters, the segregation of the continuous casting billet is reduced by the special mold flux of the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirring and the weak cold drawing steel process, the particle sizes of free ferrite, net-shaped carbide and carbide of a finished product are improved, the slow cooling annealing of the continuous casting billet eliminates the thermal stress and the structure transformation stress, the cogging is prevented, and the casting qualification rate is improved.
The low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet provided by the invention has the advantages of low free ferrite, low segregation and small mesh carbide particle size, and is a special material for manufacturing high-quality gas valves of internal combustion engines such as automobile engines.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, conveying refined molten steel to a rotary table, passing through a tundish and adding a tundish covering agent, then introducing the molten steel passing through the tundish into a crystallizer and adding crystallizer covering slag;
the molten steel is subjected to primary solidification and crystallization through the crystallizer, enters a secondary cooling area for cooling, and then is subjected to blank drawing through a continuous casting machine, wherein the secondary cooling adopts a water cooling mode, and the water pressure of secondary cooling water is 0.7-0.9 MPa;
the blank drawing speed of the continuous casting machine during blank drawing is determined by the superheat degree, when the superheat degree is below 20 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.25-1.50m/min, when the superheat degree is 20-25 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.20-1.25m/min, when the superheat degree is 26-35 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.15-1.20m/min, when the superheat degree is 36-40 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.15-1.10m/min, and when the superheat degree is above 40 ℃, the blank drawing speed is 1.00-1.10 m/min;
the secondary cooling comprises three cooling areas including a first cooling area, a second cooling area and a third cooling area, and the secondary cooling water distribution ratios of the first cooling area, the second cooling area and the third cooling area are respectively 40% -45%, 32% -37% and 20% -25% in sequence.
2. The method for manufacturing a continuous casting billet of low segregation gas valve steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid steel is cooled by a water cooling method while being subjected to preliminary solidification and crystallization in the crystallizer, and the flow rate of the cooling water in the crystallizer is 112-118m3The water pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the water temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is less than or equal to 10 ℃.
3. The manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet according to claim 2, wherein the crystallizer is further provided with electromagnetic stirring, the electromagnetic stirring adopts a continuous stirring mode, and the current and the frequency of the electromagnetic stirring are respectively set to be 120-140A and 4Hz in sequence.
4. The manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific water amount of the secondary cooling is 0.25-0.30.
5. The method for manufacturing a continuous casting billet of low segregation gas valve steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the melting point of the molten steel is 1470 ℃, the molten steel is transported to the rotary table in a ladle at 1555-.
6. The manufacturing method of the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet according to claim 1, wherein the tundish covering agent is added when 5t of molten steel is injected into the tundish, and the tundish covering agent completely covers the molten steel liquid level of the tundish.
7. The method for manufacturing the low segregation gas valve steel continuous casting billet according to claim 1, wherein the crystallizer is provided with a submerged nozzle, the submerged nozzle is inserted into the submerged nozzle with the depth of 95-105mm, when the liquid level of the molten steel of the crystallizer submerges the lower hole of the submerged nozzle, the crystallizer casting powder is added, and meanwhile, the crystallizer casting powder is supplemented in time during the blank drawing process of the continuous casting machine.
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