CN113976605A - Contaminated soil thermal desorption remediation system and method based on eddy effect - Google Patents
Contaminated soil thermal desorption remediation system and method based on eddy effect Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal desorption remediation system and method for contaminated soil based on a vortex effect, wherein the system comprises a gas compression unit, a vortex heat exchange reactor, a hot gas injection unit, a gas extraction unit and a waste liquid recovery treatment unit; the method comprises the steps of gas circulation heating and volatile organic contaminated soil remediation. The invention takes thermal desorption gas as a heat transfer medium, converts gas pressure into energy required by thermal desorption, realizes gas heat separation by using a vortex effect, uses high-temperature gas for thermal desorption and uses low-temperature gas for condensation separation of pollutants in desorption waste gas, and realizes double-cycle utilization of gas and energy. Has the advantages of economy, energy conservation and environmental protection, and can realize the high-efficiency remediation of volatile organic contaminated soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil pollution remediation, and particularly relates to a thermal desorption remediation system and method for polluted soil based on an eddy current effect.
Background
In recent years, with rapid economic development and optimization and upgrade of industrial structures, volatile organic pollutants such as benzene series, petroleum hydrocarbon, chlorinated benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polychlorinated biphenyl and the like in industrial sites left after urban enterprises are moved are detected at high frequency. The volatile organic pollutants have the characteristics of high concentration, high toxicity, various types, easy diffusion and the like, cause serious harm to environmental safety and human health, and influence the re-development and utilization of urban retired industrial land. Therefore, the problem to be solved urgently is to find an efficient soil pollution treatment means and gradually develop polluted site remediation.
The thermal desorption technique is to heat the organic pollutants to a sufficient temperature through direct or indirect heat exchange so that the organic pollutants are volatilized or separated from the soil, and then the aim of soil remediation is achieved through collection or direct treatment. The technology has the advantages of wide treatment range, high treatment efficiency, movable equipment, low repair cost, reusability of the repaired soil and the like, and is widely used for repairing volatile and semi-volatile organic polluted soil. As early as the 80's of the last century, the super fund project in the united states has used thermal desorption techniques for remediation of contaminated soils. However, the independent research and development and the application of the thermal desorption technical equipment in China are relatively late, the prior art, the equipment and the experience are lacked, and the core competitiveness is lacked in the field of treatment and restoration of industrial fields. In this regard, the development of emerging technologies and devices is becoming a focus. CN112845561A discloses a method for in-situ remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil by thermal ventilation reinforcement, which comprises the steps of performing multiple alternate operations of soil vapor extraction remediation, hot air injection remediation and low-temperature thermal desorption remediation of soil so as to improve remediation efficiency. However, the combination of multiple technologies is usually accompanied by the disadvantages of complex processing technology, large equipment scale, high equipment energy consumption and the like. CN111408614B discloses "a screw indirect thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil is restoreed", realized the cyclic utilization of hot-air through the heating device structure of special design under the prerequisite that does not increase equipment scale, showing the efficiency that has promoted equipment processing. CN112872004A discloses "a soil normal position thermal desorption repair system", through set up the heat recovery well in a plurality of heater well centers, realizes the recycle after the high temperature flue gas is retrieved. However, the thermal energy of the above techniques is derived from fuel combustion, which requires high repair costs and also produces combustion pollution. In contrast, CN112658021A discloses a "reactor and method for repairing soil by enhancing thermal desorption in medium internal circulation" and CN112658023A discloses a "system and method for repairing soil by indirect thermal desorption in hot air circulation" which realize efficient heat transfer between hot air and soil by cyclically heating thermal desorption gas generated by heated and volatilized soil, thereby enhancing the effect of removing pollutants. Therefore, the thermal desorption gas is used as a heat transfer medium, the energy exchange in the thermal desorption process and the heating process is fully utilized, and the high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly heat supply device has excellent application prospect.
The vortex tube is an energy separation device with a simple structure, the temperature of low-grade heat energy can be increased by only using the vortex temperature separation principle after air is compressed, and an internal cold source is manufactured to realize the separation of two air flows with unequal temperatures. The vortex tube has the advantages of simple structure, easy carrying, convenient operation, low manufacturing cost and the like, and is successfully applied to the fields of refrigeration and heating (CN 110411050A, CN210861776U and CN 108050722B), natural gas separation (CN 212431386U), gas drying (CN 111790362A), seawater desalination (CN 210559478U) and the like. According to the in-process of organic contaminated soil is restoreed in thermal desorption, retrieves the desorption gas, utilizes the vortex effect to volatile organic pollutant and the steam condensation separation in the desorption gas, and partial gas rises through energy exchange temperature simultaneously, is used for soil thermal desorption once more, can realize gaseous and the dual cycle utilization of energy. In addition, according to the difference of pollutant kind, concentration, environmental factor in the soil, through simple and easy controllable structural adjustment and parameter adjustment, can satisfy various normal position and heterotopic soil prosthetic demand, realize the high-efficient restoration of organic contaminated soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a system for thermal desorption remediation of contaminated soil based on the eddy current effect.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for thermal desorption remediation of contaminated soil based on the eddy current effect.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by that the soil remediation system comprises a gas compression unit, a vortex heat exchange reactor, a hot gas injection unit, a gas extraction unit and a waste liquid recovery and treatment unit, wherein the gas compression unit comprises a gas purification device and a gas compressor; the vortex heat exchange reactor comprises an air inlet, a nozzle, a vortex chamber, a separation orifice plate, a hot end pipe, a hot end regulating valve, a liquid discharge structure and a cold end pipe; the hot gas injection unit comprises an injection pump and an injection well; the gas extraction unit comprises an extraction well and an extraction pump; the waste liquid recovery processing unit comprises a liquid discharge cavity, a condensation cavity and a waste liquid processing device; the outlet of the gas compressor is connected with the gas inlet, the outlet of the hot end pipe is connected with the injection pump, the extraction pump is connected with the gas inlet, the liquid discharge structure is connected with the liquid discharge cavity, and the outlet of the cold end pipe is connected with the inlet of the condensation cavity.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the pollution range, the pollutant type and the pollutant concentration distribution of a polluted site, and laying an injection well and an extraction well;
s2, injecting gas containing certain pressure and water vapor into the vortex heat exchange reactor through the gas inlet and the nozzle in sequence by the gas compression unit, wherein due to the shrinkage reducing structure of the nozzle, the gas enters the vortex chamber at a high speed along the tangential direction after being expanded, and is separated into cold gas flow at the central part and hot gas flow at the outer layer part after being subjected to vortex conversion, and the cold and hot gas flows out of the cold end pipe and the hot end pipe in opposite directions; the gas is cooled in the vortex conversion process to condense water vapor and condensable pollutants, enters the outer layer hot gas along with the rotational flow of the gas, enters the liquid discharge structure in the process of moving to the outlet of the hot end pipe and is further condensed into liquid in the liquid discharge cavity, so that gas-liquid separation is realized; hot gas is discharged through a hot end pipe and then injected into the well for thermal desorption remediation of soil; the hot end regulating valve can regulate the cold-hot separation degree and adapt to different working conditions;
s3, extracting the gas subjected to thermal desorption and restoration through an extraction unit and re-injecting the gas into a gas compression unit;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the concentration of the pollutants in the polluted site reaches the repair standard, and completing the repair of the polluted soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention takes air or desorption gas as a heat transfer medium, converts the gas pressure into energy required by thermal desorption, realizes gas heat exchange by using the vortex temperature separation effect, generates hot gas for soil thermal desorption, saves the fuel consumption required by combustion and heat production, and has the characteristics of cleanness, safety, economy and the like.
2. The waste liquid condensation and separation device is arranged on the vortex reactor, and the generated cold air is utilized to condense volatile organic pollutants and water vapor, so that gas-liquid separation and full utilization of the cold air are realized. The separated and recovered waste liquid can be treated by a subsequent method, so that secondary pollution after desorption is avoided.
3. The thermal desorption remediation system for the polluted soil is constructed based on the eddy effect, the device is small in size and easy to disassemble and transport, can be controllably adjusted according to various working conditions and soil environments, and can be widely applied to remediation of various in-situ and ex-situ organic polluted soils.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-gas compression unit, 101-gas purification device, 102-gas compressor, 2-vortex heat exchange reactor, 3-hot gas injection unit, 301-injection pump, 302-injection well, 4-gas extraction unit, 401-extraction well, 402-extraction pump and 5-waste liquid recovery and treatment unit.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a vortex heat exchanger reactor and a waste liquid recovery and treatment unit;
in the figure: 201-an air inlet, 202-a nozzle, 203-a vortex chamber, 204-a separation orifice plate, 205-a hot end pipe, 206-a hot end regulating valve, 207-a liquid discharge structure, 208-a cold end pipe, 501-a liquid discharge cavity, 502-a condensation cavity and 503-a waste liquid treatment device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the system of the present invention includes a gas compression unit, a vortex heat exchange reactor, a hot gas injection unit, a gas extraction unit, and a waste liquid recovery processing unit, wherein the gas compression unit includes a gas purification device and a gas compressor; the vortex heat exchange reactor comprises an air inlet, a nozzle, a vortex chamber, a separation orifice plate, a hot end pipe, a hot end regulating valve, a liquid discharge structure and a cold end pipe; the hot gas injection unit comprises an injection pump and an injection well; the gas extraction unit comprises an extraction well and an extraction pump; the waste liquid recovery processing unit comprises a liquid discharge cavity, a condensation cavity and a waste liquid processing device; the outlet of the gas compressor is connected with the gas inlet, the outlet of the hot end pipe is connected with the injection pump, the extraction pump is connected with the gas inlet, the liquid discharge structure is connected with the liquid discharge cavity, and the outlet of the cold end pipe is connected with the inlet of the condensation cavity.
Preferably, the gas compressor is a screw rod type gas compressor, and high-pressure gas is generated to enter the vortex heat exchange reactor.
Preferably, the vortex heat exchange reactor air inlet is communicated with the nozzle and the vortex chamber; two ends of the vortex chamber are respectively communicated with the hot end pipe and the cold end pipe; the hot end regulating valve is positioned at the outlet of the hot end pipe; the side wall of the lower part of the hot end pipe close to the vortex chamber is provided with a hole communicated with the liquid discharge structure; the separation orifice plate is positioned between the vortex chamber and the cold end pipe; the structural design can realize the separation of cold and hot fluid gases and the condensation and recovery of volatile organic pollutants and water vapor, improve the separation efficiency and realize the collection of the pollutants.
Preferably, the vortex heat exchange reactor is made of stainless steel material; the nozzle is in a tapered shape, the minimum section of the nozzle is in a rectangular or round shape, the number of flow channels of the nozzle is 1-8, the flow channels are in a spiral air inlet type, a tangential air inlet type or a tangential groove type air inlet type, and the width of the flow channels is 0.1-0.5 mm; the hot end pipe adopts a conical pipe, and two side wall lines of the section of the conical pipe shaftHas an included angle of 2。-4。The length of the pipe is 100-200 mm, and the length and diameter ratio of the hot end pipe is 10-40; the hot end regulating valve is one of a needle valve, a ball valve and a plate valve, and the valve position is one of axial or side opening; the diameter of the cold end pipe is 2-6 mm, and the diameter of the separation orifice plate and the diameter of the cold end pipe are 0.2-0.7; the gas inlet pressure is 0.1-1.0 Mpa, and the cold flow ratio is 0.2-0.8.
Preferably, the injection well is pre-buried in the soil, and hot gas is passed into the injection well through an injection pump and then delivered into the soil.
Preferably, the extraction well is pre-buried in soil, and gas after soil remediation is pumped out of the extraction well through an extraction pump and then is input into the vortex heat exchange reactor.
Preferably, the liquid drainage in the waste liquid recovery processing unit is connected with a liquid drainage structure; the liquid discharge cavity is of a spiral structure, and the condensation cavity is wrapped outside the liquid discharge cavity and is in a hollow straight cylinder shape; the outlet of the liquid discharge cavity is connected with a waste liquid treatment device.
The method for repairing the contaminated soil by thermal desorption based on the eddy current effect comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the pollution range, the pollutant type and the pollutant concentration distribution of a polluted site, and laying an injection well and an extraction well;
s2, injecting gas containing certain pressure and water vapor into the vortex heat exchange reactor through the gas inlet and the nozzle in sequence by the gas compression unit, wherein due to the shrinkage reducing structure of the nozzle, the gas enters the vortex chamber at a high speed along the tangential direction after being expanded, and is separated into cold gas flow at the central part and hot gas flow at the outer layer part after being subjected to vortex conversion, and the cold and hot gas flows out of the cold end pipe and the hot end pipe in opposite directions; the gas is cooled in the vortex conversion process to condense water vapor and condensable pollutants, enters the outer layer hot gas along with the rotational flow of the gas, enters the liquid discharge structure in the process of moving to the outlet of the hot end pipe and is further condensed into liquid in the liquid discharge cavity, so that gas-liquid separation is realized; hot gas is discharged through a hot end pipe and then injected into the well for thermal desorption remediation of soil; the hot end regulating valve can regulate the cold-hot separation degree and adapt to different working conditions;
s3, extracting the gas subjected to thermal desorption and restoration through an extraction unit and re-injecting the gas into a gas compression unit;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the concentration of the pollutants in the polluted site reaches the repair standard, and completing the repair of the polluted soil.
Preferably, the outlet temperature of the hot end pipe of the vortex heat exchange reactor is 30-350 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the cold end pipe is-20-10 ℃.
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples 1 to 3.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a contaminated soil thermal desorption soil repair system based on vortex effect, as shown in fig. 1-2, include: the gas compression unit (1) is used for providing pure compressed gas for the vortex heat exchange reactor and comprises a gas purification device (101) and a gas compressor (102); the gas compressor (102) is a screw rod type gas compressor, and generates high-pressure gas to enter the vortex heat exchange reactor (2).
The vortex heat exchange reactor (2) is used for generating hot gas for soil thermal desorption, generating cold gas for condensation of volatile organic pollutants and water vapor and separation and recovery of the pollutants; as shown in fig. 2, the vortex heat exchange reactor comprises an air inlet (201), a nozzle (202), a vortex chamber (203), a separation orifice plate (204), a hot end pipe (205), a hot end regulating valve (206), a liquid discharge structure (207) and a cold end pipe (208); the air inlet (201) of the vortex heat exchange reactor (2) is communicated with the nozzle (202) and the vortex chamber (203); two ends of the vortex chamber (203) are respectively communicated with the hot end pipe (205) and the cold end pipe (208); the hot end regulating valve (206) is positioned at the outlet part of the hot end pipe (205); the side wall of the lower part of the hot end pipe (205), which is close to the vortex chamber (203), is provided with a hole which is communicated with a liquid discharge structure (207); the separating orifice plate is located between the swirl chamber (203) and the cold end pipe (208).
A hot gas injection unit (3) for injecting hot gas into soil for soil remediation, the unit comprising an injection pump (301) and an injection well (302); the injection well (302) is pre-buried in the soil, and hot gas is introduced into the injection well (302) through the injection pump (301) and then is conveyed into the soil.
The gas extraction unit (4) is used for extracting desorption gas in the repair well and removing volatile organic pollutants and comprises an extraction well (401) and an extraction pump (402); the extraction well (401) is pre-buried in soil, gas after soil remediation is pumped out of the extraction well (401) through an extraction pump (402) and then is input into the vortex heat exchange reactor (2).
The waste liquid recovery and treatment unit (5) is used for collecting and treating volatile organic pollutants and comprises a liquid discharge cavity (501), a condensation cavity (502) and a waste liquid treatment device (503); a liquid discharge cavity (501) in the waste liquid recovery processing unit (5) is connected with a liquid discharge structure (207); the liquid discharge cavity (501) is of a spiral structure, and the condensation cavity (502) is wrapped outside the liquid discharge cavity (501) and is in a hollow straight cylinder shape; the outlet of the liquid discharge cavity (502) is connected with a waste liquid treatment device (503).
The outlet of the gas compressor (102) of the system is connected with a gas inlet (201); the outlet of the hot end pipe (205) is connected with an injection pump (301); the extraction pump (402) is connected with the air inlet (201); the liquid discharge structure (207) is connected with the liquid discharge cavity (501); the outlet of the cold end pipe (208) is connected with the inlet of the condensation cavity (502).
Example 2
The embodiment provides a contaminated soil thermal desorption soil remediation method based on eddy current effect, which is used for implementing in-situ soil thermal desorption remediation on a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated site of a certain coking plant, wherein the main pollutants in the site are as follows in table 1:
TABLE 1 type and content of main contaminants in a contaminated site of a certain coke-oven plant
The method adopts the contaminated soil thermal desorption soil remediation system based on the eddy current effect described in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, determining the area of the polluted site to be 50 m2(length is multiplied by width, 10 m is multiplied by 5 m), and the soil in the field is detected to be dominantThe types and the contents of the required pollutants are shown in the table 1, and an injection well and an extraction well are arranged in the soil according to the pollution condition;
s2, injecting air with the pressure of 0.8 Mpa into the vortex heat exchange reactor through an air inlet and a nozzle in sequence by a gas compression unit, wherein the nozzle is in a tapered shape, the minimum section of the nozzle is in a rectangular shape, the number of the flow channels of the nozzle is 6, the flow channel is in a spiral air inlet type, and the width of the flow channel is 0.2 mm; the hot end pipe adopts a conical pipe, and the included angle of two side wall lines of the section of the conical pipe shaft is 4。The length of the tube is 100 mm, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the hot end tube is 40; the hot end regulating valve is a plate-shaped valve, and the position of the valve is in the axial direction; the diameter of the cold end pipe is 6 mm, and the diameter of the separation orifice plate and the diameter of the cold end pipe are 0.6; the cold flow ratio is set to be 0.2, the gas is subjected to cold-heat separation after vortex conversion, and cold and hot air flows are opposite in moving direction and flow out of the cold end pipe and the hot end pipe respectively; the gas is cooled in the vortex conversion process to condense the water vapor and the condensable pollutants, enters the outer layer hot gas along with the rotational flow of the gas, enters the liquid discharge structure in the process of moving to the outlet of the heat end pipe and is further condensed into liquid in the liquid discharge cavity; hot gas is discharged through a hot end pipe and then injected into the well for thermal desorption remediation of soil;
s3, extracting the gas subjected to thermal desorption and restoration through an extraction unit and re-injecting the gas into a gas compression unit;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 for 120 days until the concentration of the pollutants in the polluted site reaches the repair standard, and completing the repair of the polluted soil.
After remediation, sampling detection shows that the removal rate of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil reaches 89%, which indicates that the method has ideal remediation effect on the polluted soil.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a contaminated soil thermal desorption soil remediation method based on an eddy effect, which is used for implementing in-situ soil thermal desorption remediation on a contaminated site of a chemical plant, wherein the main pollutants in the site are as follows in table 2:
TABLE 2 types and contents of main contaminants in contaminated sites of certain chemical plants
The method adopts the contaminated soil thermal desorption soil remediation system based on the eddy current effect described in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, determining the area of the polluted site to be 48 m2(length multiplied by width, 8 m multiplied by 6 m), the types and the contents of main pollutants in the soil of the site are detected as shown in the table 2, and an injection well and an extraction well are arranged in the soil according to the pollution conditions;
s2, injecting air with the pressure of 1.0 Mpa into the vortex heat exchange reactor through an air inlet and a nozzle in sequence by a gas compression unit, wherein the nozzle is in a tapered shape, the minimum section of the nozzle is in a circular shape, the number of flow channels of the nozzle is 4, the flow channels are in a tangential groove type air inlet mode, and the width of the flow channels is 0.4 mm; the hot end pipe adopts a conical pipe, and the included angle of two side wall lines of the section of the conical pipe shaft is 3。The length of the tube is 150 mm, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the hot end tube is 20; the hot end regulating valve is a plate-shaped valve, and the position of the valve is in the axial direction; the diameter of the cold end pipe is 4 mm, and the diameter of the separation orifice plate and the diameter of the cold end pipe are 0.4; the cold flow ratio is set to be 0.3, the gas is subjected to cold-heat separation after vortex conversion, and cold and hot air flows are opposite in moving direction and flow out of the cold end pipe and the hot end pipe respectively; the gas is cooled in the vortex conversion process to condense the water vapor and the condensable pollutants, enters the outer layer hot gas along with the rotational flow of the gas, enters the liquid discharge structure in the process of moving to the outlet of the heat end pipe and is further condensed into liquid in the liquid discharge cavity; hot gas is discharged through a hot end pipe and then injected into the well for thermal desorption remediation of soil;
s3, extracting the gas subjected to thermal desorption and restoration through an extraction unit and re-injecting the gas into a gas compression unit;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 for 140 days until the concentration of the pollutants in the polluted site reaches the repair standard, and completing the repair of the polluted soil.
After remediation, sampling detection shows that the removal rate of chlorobenzene in the soil reaches 95%, which indicates that the method has an ideal remediation effect on the polluted soil.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a contaminated soil thermal desorption repair system based on vortex effect which characterized in that: the system comprises a gas compression unit (1), a vortex heat exchange reactor (2), a hot gas injection unit (3), a gas extraction unit (4) and a waste liquid recovery and treatment unit (5); the gas compression unit (1) comprises a gas purification device (101) and a gas compressor (102); the vortex heat exchange reactor (2) comprises an air inlet (201), a nozzle (202), a vortex chamber (203), a separation orifice plate (204), a hot end pipe (205), a hot end regulating valve (206), a liquid discharge structure (207) and a cold end pipe (208); the hot gas injection unit (3) comprises an injection pump (301) and an injection well (302); the gas extraction unit (4) comprises an extraction well (401) and an extraction pump (402); the waste liquid recovery processing unit (5) comprises a liquid discharge cavity (501), a condensation cavity (502) and a waste liquid processing device (503); the outlet of the gas compressor (102) is connected with a gas inlet (201); the outlet of the hot end pipe (205) is connected with an injection pump (301); the extraction pump (402) is connected with the air inlet (201); the liquid discharge structure (207) is connected with the liquid discharge cavity (501); the outlet of the cold end pipe (208) is connected with the inlet of the condensation cavity (502).
2. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas compressor (102) is a screw rod type gas compressor, and generates high-pressure gas to enter the vortex heat exchange reactor (2).
3. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air inlet (201) of the vortex heat exchange reactor (2) is communicated with the nozzle (202) and the vortex chamber (203); two ends of the vortex chamber (203) are respectively communicated with the hot end pipe (205) and the cold end pipe (208); the hot end regulating valve (206) is positioned at the outlet part of the hot end pipe (205); the side wall of the lower part of the hot end pipe (205), which is close to the vortex chamber (203), is provided with a hole which is communicated with a liquid discharge structure (207); the separating orifice plate is located between the swirl chamber (203) and the cold end pipe (208).
4. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vortex heat exchange reactor is made of stainless steel material; the nozzle is in a tapered shape, the minimum section of the nozzle is in a rectangular or round shape, the number of flow channels of the nozzle is 1-8, the flow channels are in a spiral air inlet type, a tangential air inlet type or a tangential groove type air inlet type, and the width of the flow channels is 0.1-0.5 mm; the hot end pipe adopts a conical pipe, the included angle of two side wall lines of the section of the conical pipe is 2-4 degrees, the pipe length is 100-200 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the hot end pipe is 10-40; the hot end regulating valve is one of a needle valve, a ball valve and a plate valve, and the valve position is one of axial or side opening; the diameter of the cold end pipe is 2-6 mm, and the diameter of the separation orifice plate and the diameter of the cold end pipe are 0.2-0.7; the gas inlet pressure is 0.1-1.0 Mpa, and the cold flow ratio is 0.2-0.8.
5. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the injection well (302) is pre-buried in the soil, and hot gas is introduced into the injection well (302) through the injection pump (301) and then is conveyed into the soil.
6. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extraction well (401) is pre-buried in soil, gas after soil remediation is pumped out of the extraction well (401) through an extraction pump (402) and then is input into the vortex heat exchange reactor (2).
7. The thermal desorption remediation system for contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a liquid discharge cavity (501) in the waste liquid recovery processing unit (5) is connected with a liquid discharge structure (207); the liquid discharge cavity (501) is of a spiral structure, and the condensation cavity (502) is wrapped outside the liquid discharge cavity (501) and is in a hollow straight cylinder shape; the outlet of the liquid discharge cavity (502) is connected with a waste liquid treatment device (503).
8. A thermal desorption remediation method for contaminated soil based on an eddy effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the pollution range, the pollutant type and the pollutant concentration distribution of a polluted site, and laying an injection well and an extraction well;
s2, injecting gas containing certain pressure and water vapor into the vortex heat exchange reactor through the gas inlet and the nozzle in sequence by the gas compression unit, wherein due to the shrinkage reducing structure of the nozzle, the gas enters the vortex chamber at a high speed along the tangential direction after being expanded, and is separated into cold gas flow at the central part and hot gas flow at the outer layer part after being subjected to vortex conversion, and the cold and hot gas flows out of the cold end pipe and the hot end pipe in opposite directions; the gas is cooled in the vortex conversion process to condense water vapor and condensable pollutants, enters the outer layer hot gas along with the rotational flow of the gas, enters the liquid discharge structure in the process of moving to the outlet of the hot end pipe and is further condensed into liquid in the liquid discharge cavity, so that gas-liquid separation is realized; hot gas is discharged through a hot end pipe and then injected into the well for thermal desorption remediation of soil; the hot end regulating valve can regulate the cold-hot separation degree and adapt to different working conditions;
s3, extracting the gas subjected to thermal desorption and restoration through an extraction unit and re-injecting the gas into a gas compression unit;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the concentration of the pollutants in the polluted site reaches the repair standard, and completing the repair of the polluted soil.
9. The thermal desorption remediation method of contaminated soil based on the vortex effect as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the outlet temperature of the hot end pipe of the vortex heat exchange reactor is 30-350 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the cold end pipe is-20-10 ℃.
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