CN113975951A - Modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113975951A CN113975951A CN202111281562.4A CN202111281562A CN113975951A CN 113975951 A CN113975951 A CN 113975951A CN 202111281562 A CN202111281562 A CN 202111281562A CN 113975951 A CN113975951 A CN 113975951A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of indoor air purification. The formaldehyde removing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1 to 50 percent of polypeptide, 0.01 to 10 percent of surfactant and the balance of matrix. Adding polypeptide and surfactant into water for dissolving to obtain a steeping liquor; and (3) putting the matrix into an impregnating solution for impregnation, and then drying to obtain the formaldehyde-removing material. The formaldehyde removing material takes polypeptide as a main active component, the problems of loading of the polypeptide on a solid particle material and maintenance of formaldehyde removing activity are solved by controlling the molecular weight of the polypeptide and adding a surfactant, the polypeptide is loaded into the porous particle material by a liquid preparation-impregnation-drying method, amino groups on the polypeptide can react with formaldehyde to purify the formaldehyde, and the polypeptide is a macromolecular substance which is not easy to fall off and deteriorate in the using process and has a long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of indoor air purification.
Background
The formaldehyde is one of common pollutants for indoor air pollution, has strong stimulation effect on human skin and mucosa, and the formaldehyde pollution release period brought by indoor decoration materials can be as long as 3-15 years. Prolonged exposure of humans to formaldehyde-containing environments may lead to cancer and leukemia. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material prepared by the invention can well adsorb and remove formaldehyde and can be used for indoor formaldehyde pollution treatment.
At present, main methods for purifying formaldehyde in indoor air include an adsorption method, a photocatalytic method, a catalytic oxidation method, and the like. The porous granular materials such as the active carbon and the like can adsorb and purify formaldehyde in indoor air, and have the advantages of low price, simplicity, easy use and the defects of poor adsorption effect, easy saturation and the like. The photocatalytic method has the disadvantages that reaction byproducts are various and can not completely convert formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water; the catalytic oxidation method has the defects that the catalyst is high in cost and is not easy to popularize and use on a large scale.
The modified activated carbon adsorbent can improve the adsorption capacity of formaldehyde by modifying porous granular materials such as activated carbon, and common modifiers comprise sodium thiosulfate, polyethylene polyamine, amino acid and other small molecular substances.
Compared with amino acid and other small molecular amino compounds, the polypeptide has a larger molecular structure, so that the polypeptide has higher stability compared with the amino acid, and meanwhile, the amino group on the polypeptide still has the capability of eliminating formaldehyde by reacting with the formaldehyde, but because the molecular weight of the polypeptide is larger, the polypeptide can not exert better formaldehyde removing effect when being directly loaded on a particle material substrate, and the polypeptide is only applied to a liquid formaldehyde removing spray in a large amount at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and a preparation method thereof; the formaldehyde removing material takes polypeptide as a main active component, the problems of loading of the polypeptide on a solid particle material and maintenance of formaldehyde removing activity are solved by controlling the molecular weight of the polypeptide and adding a surfactant, the polypeptide is loaded into the porous particle material by a liquid preparation-impregnation-drying method, amino groups on the polypeptide can react with formaldehyde to purify the formaldehyde, and the polypeptide is a macromolecular substance which is not easy to fall off and deteriorate in the using process and has a long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided.
The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass, based on 100% of the total mass of the formaldehyde-removing material raw materials:
1 to 50 percent of polypeptide,
0.01 to 10 percent of surfactant,
and (4) the balance of the matrix.
The mass fraction of the preferred polypeptide is 15-35%,
the mass fraction of the surfactant is preferably 0.1 to 5%.
The polypeptide is bioactive polypeptide or artificially synthesized polypeptide; preferably, the molecular weight of the polypeptide is 800-3000; preferably, the polypeptide is artificially synthesized soybean polypeptide and corn polypeptide.
The surfactant is an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant; preferably the surfactant is an anionic surfactant; more preferably, the surfactant is one or more of sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
The matrix material is a porous particle material; preferably, the matrix material is more than one of activated carbon, molecular sieve, organic resin, zeolite, silica gel, silica and alumina.
The specific surface area of the base material is 50m2/g～3000m2(ii)/g; preferably, the specific surface area of the base material is 400m2/g～2000m2/g。
The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the polypeptide and the surfactant into water sequentially or simultaneously to dissolve to obtain a steeping liquor;
(2) and (2) placing the matrix into the impregnation liquid prepared in the step (1) for impregnation, enabling the matrix to fully absorb the impregnation liquid until the total volume of the impregnation liquid and the matrix is not changed any more, finishing impregnation, and then drying the impregnated matrix until the water content is lower than 10% to obtain the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material.
In the step (1):
the mass ratio of the polypeptide to the water is 0.01-0.5: 1; the mass ratio of the polypeptide to the water is preferably 0.15-0.35: 1.
The mass ratio of the surfactant to the water is 0.001-0.05: 1, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the water is preferably 0.005-0.02: 1.
In the step (2):
the ratio of the mass of the added impregnating solution to the mass of the substrate is preferably 0.3-3: 1, and more preferably 1.5-3: 1.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the absorbed impregnating solution to the mass of the substrate is 0.3 to 2:1, more preferably 1 to 1.5: 1.
Drying at a constant temperature of 50-130 ℃, preferably 60-90 ℃.
Preferably, the matrix is immersed in the immersion liquid prepared in the step (1) in a vacuum environment; more preferably, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum environment is from-0.5 MPa to-0.1 MPa.
Advantageous effects
1. The invention provides a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material, which takes polypeptide as a main active component, solves the problems of loading of the polypeptide on a solid particle material and maintenance of formaldehyde-removing activity by controlling the molecular weight of the polypeptide and adding a surfactant, loads the polypeptide into the porous particle material by a liquid preparation-impregnation-drying method, ensures that amino groups on the polypeptide can react with formaldehyde to purify the formaldehyde, ensures that the polypeptide is a macromolecular substance and is not easy to fall off and deteriorate in the using process, and has longer service life.
The formaldehyde removing material can be made into products with different styles according to requirements, for example, the formaldehyde removing material can be made into an adsorption bag for removing formaldehyde, and also can be made into a composite filter material for further making a filter element for an air purifier, can be widely applied to various products such as the air purifier, a fresh air machine and a vehicle-mounted air purifier, and has a good market prospect.
2. The invention provides a preparation method of a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material, which comprises the steps of preparing a steeping liquor by main active components of polypeptide and a surfactant, loading the polypeptide into a base material in a steeping mode to modify the base material, controlling the molecular weight of the polypeptide and adding the surfactant to solve the problems of loading of the polypeptide on a solid particle material and maintaining the formaldehyde-removing activity, drying to obtain the formaldehyde-removing material, reacting a large amount of amino groups contained in the polypeptide with formaldehyde to purify the formaldehyde, and enabling the polypeptide to be a macromolecular substance and not to fall off or deteriorate easily in the using process, so that the formaldehyde-removing material has a longer service life; after completion of the impregnation, the remaining impregnation solution may be recovered by filtration.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A modified porous formaldehyde removal material prepared in the following examples was tested for formaldehyde removal by the following method:
to a volume of 1m3The sealed container is filled with formaldehyde gas to make the initial concentration of formaldehyde be C0Opening a stirring fan at the bottom of the closed container before injecting formaldehyde gas to quickly and uniformly mix the gas in the closed container, putting 50g of the formaldehyde removing material into the middle of the closed container, and testing the formaldehyde concentration in the closed container to be C after 3h1The formaldehyde concentration is tested according to GB/T18204.26-2000, and the 3h formaldehyde removal rate is calculated by adopting the following formula:
3h formaldehyde removal rate ═ C0-C1)/C0。
Example 1
A preparation method of a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 50g of soybean polypeptide with the molecular weight of 1000 and 1g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding into 200g of water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to prepare impregnation liquid.
(2) Adding 100g of matrix and the impregnation liquid prepared in the step (1) into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to-0.08 MPa, placing the matrix in the impregnation liquid in a vacuum environment, fully impregnating to absorb the impregnation liquid, filtering and recovering the redundant impregnation liquid after impregnation is finished, wherein the ratio of the mass of the absorbed impregnation liquid to the mass of the matrix is 1.2:1, and drying the impregnated matrix at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is 6% to obtain the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material.
The iodine value of the matrix is 1200mg/g, the particle size is 2mm, and the specific surface area is 1600m2A columnar activated carbon per gram.
The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material prepared in this example was tested, and the results were as follows:
(1) formaldehyde removal rate test
The test result shows that the formaldehyde removal rate is 50% after 3 h.
(2) The formaldehyde removing material is not smelled to generate peculiar smell after being used for 6 months.
Example 2
A preparation method of a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 40g of corn polypeptide with molecular weight of 2000 and 1.2g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding into 200g of water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to prepare a steeping fluid.
(2) Adding 100g of matrix and the impregnation liquid prepared in the step (1) into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to-0.09 MPa, putting the matrix into the impregnation liquid in a vacuum environment, impregnating to fully absorb the impregnation liquid, filtering and recovering redundant impregnation liquid after impregnation is finished, wherein the ratio of the mass of the absorbed impregnation liquid to the mass of the matrix is 1.3:1, and drying the impregnated matrix at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is 8% to obtain the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material.
The base material has an iodine value of 1200mg/g, a particle size of 30-60 meshes and a specific surface area of 2000m2Coconut shell activated carbon per gram.
The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material prepared in this example was tested, and the results were as follows:
(1) formaldehyde removal rate test
The test result shows that the formaldehyde removal rate is 58% after 3 h.
(2) The formaldehyde removing material is not smelled to generate peculiar smell after being used for 6 months.
Example 3
A preparation method of a modified porous formaldehyde-removing material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 50g of soybean polypeptide with the molecular weight of 1000 and 1g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding into 150g of water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to prepare impregnation liquid.
(2) Adding 100g of matrix and the impregnation liquid prepared in the step (1) into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa, putting the matrix into the impregnation liquid in a vacuum environment, impregnating to fully absorb the impregnation liquid, filtering and recovering redundant impregnation liquid after impregnation is finished, wherein the ratio of the mass of the absorbed impregnation liquid to the mass of the matrix is 1.3:1, and drying the impregnated matrix at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ until the water content is 5% to obtain the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material.
The specific surface area of the substrate is 400m2Silica particles having a particle diameter of 30 to 50 mesh/g.
The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material prepared in this example was tested, and the results were as follows:
(1) formaldehyde removal rate test
The test result shows that the formaldehyde removal rate is 55% after 3 h.
(2) The formaldehyde removing material is not smelled to generate peculiar smell after being used for 8 months.
The above-described embodiments are only some representative embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted herein that modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A modified porous formaldehyde-removing material is characterized in that: the formaldehyde removing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass based on 100% of the total mass of the raw materials of the formaldehyde removing material:
1 to 50 percent of polypeptide,
0.01 to 10 percent of surfactant,
the balance of the matrix;
the polypeptide is bioactive polypeptide or artificially synthesized polypeptide;
the surfactant is an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;
the matrix material is a porous particle material.
2. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of the polypeptide is 15-35%; the mass fraction of the surfactant is 0.1-5%.
3. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: the molecular weight of the polypeptide is 800-3000, and the polypeptide is artificially synthesized soybean polypeptide and corn polypeptide;
the surfactant is an anionic surfactant;
the matrix is more than one of active carbon, molecular sieve, organic resin, zeolite, silica gel, silicon dioxide and alumina.
4. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: the surfactant is more than one of linear alkyl benzene sodium sulfonate and alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate.
5. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the substrate is 50m2/g～3000m2/g。
6. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: specific surface area of the substrateIs 400m2/g～2000m2/g。
7. The modified porous formaldehyde-removing material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of the polypeptide is 15-35%; the mass fraction of the surfactant is 0.1-5%;
the molecular weight of the polypeptide is 800-3000, and the polypeptide is artificially synthesized soybean polypeptide and corn polypeptide;
the surfactant is more than one of linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium and alpha-alkenyl sulfonic acid sodium;
the matrix is more than one of active carbon, molecular sieve, organic resin, zeolite, silica gel, silicon dioxide and alumina;
the specific surface area of the substrate is 400m2/g～2000m2/g。
8. A preparation method of the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the polypeptide and the surfactant into water for dissolving to obtain a steeping liquor; the mass ratio of the polypeptide to the water is 0.01-0.5: 1; the mass ratio of the surfactant to the water is 0.001-0.05: 1;
(2) and (3) placing the matrix into the impregnation liquid for impregnation until the total volume of the impregnation liquid and the matrix is not changed any more, finishing the impregnation, and then drying the impregnated matrix until the water content is lower than 10% to obtain the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material.
9. The preparation method of the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
in the step (1):
the mass ratio of the polypeptide to the water is 0.15-0.35: 1;
the mass ratio of the surfactant to the water is 0.005-0.02: 1;
putting the matrix into the impregnation liquid prepared in the step (1) in a vacuum environment for impregnation;
in the step (2):
the mass ratio of the added impregnation liquid to the matrix is 0.3-3: 1;
the ratio of the mass of the absorbed impregnation liquid to the mass of the substrate is 0.3-2: 1;
drying at constant temperature of 50-130 ℃.
10. The preparation method of the modified porous formaldehyde-removing material as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
in the step (1):
the vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is-0.5 MPa to-0.1 MPa;
in the step (2):
the mass ratio of the added impregnation liquid to the matrix is 1.5-3: 1;
the ratio of the absorbed mass of the impregnation liquid to the mass of the substrate is 1-1.5: 1;
drying at constant temperature of 60-90 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111281562.4A CN113975951A (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202111281562.4A CN113975951A (en) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | Modified porous formaldehyde-removing material and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103132332A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-06-05 | 邯郸派瑞电器有限公司 | Fibrous material with formaldehyde removal function |
| CN108421366A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-21 | 北京理工大学 | Gelatin hydrolysate removes aldehyde composite material and preparation method with diatomite covalent bonding |
| CN108479721A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of methyl aldehyde adsorption material and its application |
| CN112107997A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-22 | 重庆君浩环保科技有限公司 | High-molecular air purifying material and preparation method thereof |
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- 2021-11-01 CN CN202111281562.4A patent/CN113975951A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103132332A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-06-05 | 邯郸派瑞电器有限公司 | Fibrous material with formaldehyde removal function |
| CN108421366A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-21 | 北京理工大学 | Gelatin hydrolysate removes aldehyde composite material and preparation method with diatomite covalent bonding |
| CN108479721A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of methyl aldehyde adsorption material and its application |
| CN112107997A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-22 | 重庆君浩环保科技有限公司 | High-molecular air purifying material and preparation method thereof |
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