CN113972688A - Starting method of offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending-out system through DR-MMC - Google Patents
Starting method of offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending-out system through DR-MMC Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
- H02J3/472—For selectively connecting the AC sources in a particular order, e.g. sequential, alternating or subsets of sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel mixed direct current sending system, wherein a shore flexible direct current converter station is started, and an offshore flexible direct current converter station is started; starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation; when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation; according to the invention, on the basis of not modifying the control and grid-connected strategy of the wind turbine generator, the large-scale offshore wind power transmission is realized by utilizing the cooperation between the DR and the MMC of the transmitting terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power control, in particular to a starting method of a DR-MMC parallel mixed direct current sending system for offshore wind power.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
In the future, large-scale development of offshore wind power shows the trends of long distance, deep sea and large-scale unit, and the direct-current transmission scheme is more suitable for large-scale long-distance power transmission of offshore wind power.
At present, most of offshore wind power direct current sending systems adopt a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), and early Borwin1 engineering adopts a flexible direct power transmission scheme of a two-level voltage source converter (2L-VSC), and the system has passive system operation capacity. The SIEMENS company introduced an offshore wind power direct current transmission scheme based on uncontrolled Diode Rectification (DR) in 2015, and the scheme has the advantages of small volume, low cost and simple operation control, and becomes one of the most competitive alternatives in the future.
However, the inventor finds that the DR scheme requires the ac side of the offshore wind farm to have passive operation capability, and the start-up process of the DR scheme requires an ac return line, an energy storage device or a start-up power supply, which is high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a starting method of a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current sending system for offshore wind power, which realizes large-scale offshore wind power sending by utilizing the cooperation between a sending end DR and an MMC on the basis of not modifying the control and grid-connected strategy of a wind turbine generator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a starting method of an offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending system through DR-MMC in a first aspect.
A starting method of an offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending system through DR-MMC comprises the following processes:
starting an onshore flexible-direct current converter station, and starting an offshore flexible-direct current converter station;
starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation;
when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation.
Further, when the alternating current voltage on the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the direct current voltage of the DR sending end is greater than or equal to the direct current voltage of the MMC receiving end, and the DR starts to transmit partial power.
Further, the preset criterion is as follows: the absolute value of the amplitude difference between the no-load voltage of the machine side converter and the voltage at the stator side of the motor is smaller than a first threshold, and the absolute value of the phase difference between the no-load voltage of the machine side converter and the voltage at the stator side of the motor is smaller than a second threshold.
Further, the onshore flexible direct current converter station start-up comprises: and combining the charging resistor of the MMC, and charging the flexible direct current converter station by using an on-shore alternating current system to establish the direct current side voltage of the system.
Further, the offshore flexible direct current converter station is started, and the method comprises the following steps: after the fluctuation of the voltage at the direct current side is within a preset range, the marine MMC works in a passive operation mode to establish the voltage of the marine alternating current system.
Furthermore, for the outer ring control targets of the machine side converter and the network side converter, a fixed active power mode and a fixed direct current voltage/reactive power mode are respectively adopted.
Further, the machine side converter is based on stator voltage orientation, and the grid side converter tracks the grid-connected point voltage using a phase-locked loop.
The invention provides a starting system for an offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending system through DR-MMC in a second aspect.
A starting system for an offshore wind power system through DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current sending-out comprises:
a converter station start-up module configured to: starting an onshore flexible-direct current converter station, and starting an offshore flexible-direct current converter station;
a partial unit start module configured to: starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation;
a total crew startup module configured to: when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for starting up an offshore wind power system via a DR-MMC parallel hybrid dc-dc transport system according to the first aspect of the invention.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the method for starting the system for sending out the offshore wind power through the DR-MMC parallel hybrid dc link according to the first aspect of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the starting method, the starting system, the medium or the electronic equipment adopt the black starting capability of the marine MMC to realize the establishment of the alternating voltage of the sending end aiming at the system that the offshore wind power is sent out by DR-MMC in parallel connection and realize the power sending out of the large-scale offshore wind power by utilizing the cooperation between the DR and the MMC of the sending end on the basis of not modifying the control of the wind turbine generator and the grid-connected strategy.
2. According to the starting method, the system, the medium or the electronic equipment, the DR-MMC parallel connection sending-out system starting strategy firstly establishes direct-current voltage through the onshore flexible direct-current converter station, and realizes grid connection of partial units by combining the passive starting capability of the offshore flexible direct-current station, so that DR is driven to start and the grid connection of the rest units is realized.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a start strategy of a DR-MMC offshore wind power delivery system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an offshore wind power DR-MMC parallel direct current sending topology provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy of the direct-drive wind turbine generator and the grid-side converter provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
the embodiment 1 of the invention provides a method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current output system, wherein a DR-MMC parallel output system starting strategy firstly establishes direct current voltage through an onshore flexible direct current converter station and realizes grid connection of partial units by combining the passive starting capability of the offshore flexible direct current converter station, so that DR is driven to start and the rest of the units are connected to the grid, as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following processes:
1) onshore flexible direct current converter station start-up: and combining the charging resistor of the MMC, and charging the flexible direct current converter station by using an on-shore alternating current system to establish the direct current side voltage of the system.
2) Starting the offshore flexible direct current converter station: after the voltage of the direct current side is maintained to be stable, the marine MMC works in a passive operation mode, and the voltage of the marine alternating current system is established.
3) Grid-connected operation and DR starting of a part of direct-drive wind turbine generators: considering that the capacity of the MMC is limited, firstly, starting a part of direct-drive wind turbine generators, wherein the starting logic is GSC, establishing direct-current side voltage of the wind turbine generators, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phase amplitude of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meets the criterion (A) to realize grid-connected power generation; when the alternating current voltage on the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, and the direct current voltage on the side of the offshore wind farm is larger than the direct current voltage at the receiving end, the DR starts to transmit partial power.
4) Grid connection of all wind turbine generators: and after a few wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation and DR begins to transmit power, all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid, so that the electric energy transmission of the whole offshore wind farm is realized.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the offshore distance of the open sea wind power plant is generally more than 100km, and the investment and the volume of a platform can be reduced by adopting a DR-MMC parallel sending mode. The wind turbine generator system considers a 66kV convergence mode, so that the space requirement of an offshore platform is further reduced, and the output topology is shown in figure 2.
In order to further reduce the filter and reactive compensation requirements of the offshore platform, the DR adopts a 24-pulse scheme based on a phase-shifting transformer; MMC employs a conventional half-bridge sub-module (HBSM) based scheme. Because DR operation brings characteristic subharmonic to AC and DC sides, the filtering of characteristic frequency components is realized by adopting a double-tuned filter scheme, and certain reactive compensation equipment is equipped.
Considering that the power factor of DR depends on the angle between the valve-side fundamental current wave and the fundamental voltage wave, it can be expressed by the following approximate formula:
in the formula: α represents a power factor angle; μ is the commutation overlap angle. Considering the action of the smoothing reactor, the power factor angle is about one-half of the commutation overlap angle, assuming constant dc current. The expression for μ is:
in the formula: xTThe equivalent reactance is a converter transformer; u shape1The effective value of the fundamental line voltage of the valve side open circuit; i isDCIs a direct current.
Alternating current during commutationDR direct current side voltage U with approximately linear change process and formed by multiple unitsDC_DRThe following relationship is satisfied:
ignoring the commutation process effect of the second term, there are:
in the formula: n is the number of DR units. The case of n being 1 corresponds to a 6-ripple DR converter whose dc voltage is approximately equal to 1.35 times the valve-side ac voltage. Therefore, for a completely uncontrollable DR converter, the voltage on the dc side of the DR converter needs to be changed by changing the voltage on the ac side, so as to change the transmitted dc power.
For the DR sending scheme, the main difficulties currently exist include that the alternating voltage of the passive system is difficult to establish, and the system needs to rely on a starting power supply for starting. In order to effectively solve the problems and fully utilize the respective advantages of the MMC and the DR, the sending end is combined with the MMC and the DR to form a mixed direct current parallel sending system, and the mixed direct current parallel sending system becomes one of feasible schemes of a future open sea wind power sending system.
The direct-drive type offshore wind turbine generator set adopts a conventional current-based inner loop vector control mode. For outer ring control targets of a Machine Side Converter (MSC) and a Grid Side Converter (GSC), a mode of determining active power and a mode of determining direct current voltage/reactive power are respectively adopted; the MSC is based on stator voltage orientation, and the GSC tracks the point-to-point voltage using a Phase Locked Loop (PLL). Since the grid-connected characteristic of the direct-drive fan is mainly determined by the GSC, only the GSC control strategy is given here, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 3.
The GSC control strategy in the diagram adopts a vector control scheme of a direct-current voltage and reactive power outer loop; the stator side switch BRK is used for connecting the stator side of the generator and the MSC, and is switched on when meeting the synchronization grid-connected criterion (A), and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the formula (5) represents the MSC voltage U of the machine side converterMSCAnd generator stator side voltage UstatorIs less than the starting threshold UonPhase angle difference less than starting threshold deltaon. And when the soft grid-connected condition is met, the BRK on the stator side is switched on, and the wind turbine generator outputs power.
The starting strategy can fully utilize the black starting capability of the marine MMC to realize the establishment of the alternating voltage of the sending end. Compared with a pure DR sending end, the starting mode of the DR parallel MMC system does not need to be provided with a black-start energy storage device or a standby alternating current return wire. Meanwhile, the control and grid-connected strategies of the wind turbine generator do not need to be modified, and the large-scale offshore wind power output is realized by the cooperation between the DR and the MMC of the sending end.
In fig. 1, criterion (a) is a generator synchronization grid connection criterion; the criterion (B) is a DR starting criterion, which indicates that when the voltage of the alternating current side is greater than a threshold value, the direct current voltage of the transmitting end is higher than that of the receiving end, the diode is conducted in the forward direction, and power transmission is started, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
UDC_DR≥UDC_MMConshore (6)
in the formula: u shapeDC_MMConshoreIs the receiving end MMC direct current voltage.
Example 2:
the embodiment 2 of the invention provides a starting system for an offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending system through DR-MMC, which comprises:
a converter station start-up module configured to: starting an onshore flexible-direct current converter station, and starting an offshore flexible-direct current converter station;
a partial unit start module configured to: starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation;
a total crew startup module configured to: when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation.
The working method of the system is the same as the starting method of the offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending-out system through DR-MMC provided by the embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.
Example 3:
embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method for starting a system for parallel hybrid direct current (dc) transmission of offshore wind power via DR-MMC according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Example 4:
embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the steps in the method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid dc transmission system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention are implemented.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A starting method of an offshore wind power parallel hybrid direct current sending system through DR-MMC is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
starting an onshore flexible-direct current converter station, and starting an offshore flexible-direct current converter station;
starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation;
when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation.
2. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the direct current voltage at the sending end of the DR is larger than or equal to the direct current voltage at the receiving end of the MMC, and the DR starts to transmit partial power.
3. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the preset criterion is as follows: the absolute value of the amplitude difference between the no-load voltage of the machine side converter and the voltage at the stator side of the motor is smaller than a first threshold, and the absolute value of the phase difference between the no-load voltage of the machine side converter and the voltage at the stator side of the motor is smaller than a second threshold.
4. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
onshore flexible direct current converter station start-up comprising: and combining the charging resistor of the MMC, and charging the flexible direct current converter station by using an on-shore alternating current system to establish the direct current side voltage of the system.
5. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the starting of the offshore flexible direct current converter station comprises the following steps: after the fluctuation of the voltage at the direct current side is within a preset range, the marine MMC works in a passive operation mode to establish the voltage of the marine alternating current system.
6. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and for the outer ring control targets of the machine side converter and the network side converter, a fixed active power mode and a fixed direct current voltage/reactive power mode are respectively adopted.
7. The method for starting an offshore wind power system through a DR-MMC parallel hybrid direct current outlet system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the machine side converter is oriented based on the stator voltage and the grid side converter tracks the grid-connected point voltage using a phase-locked loop.
8. A starting system for an offshore wind power system through DR-MMC parallel mixed direct current sending-out is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a converter station start-up module configured to: starting an onshore flexible-direct current converter station, and starting an offshore flexible-direct current converter station;
a partial unit start module configured to: starting part of the direct-drive wind turbine generator, and switching on a stator side switch after detecting that the phases and amplitudes of the machine side converter no-load voltage and the motor stator side voltage meet preset criteria to realize grid-connected power generation;
a total crew startup module configured to: when the alternating current voltage at the side of the offshore wind farm exceeds the threshold range, the DR starts to transmit partial power, and then all the remaining wind turbine generators are connected to the grid for power generation.
9. A computer readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, wherein the program when executed by a processor performs the steps in the method for starting up an offshore wind power system via a DR-MMC parallel hybrid dc-shedding system as claimed in any of claims 1-7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of the method for starting an offshore wind power system via DR-MMC parallel hybrid dc-link system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114825431A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-29 | 上海交通大学 | Grid-connected system and control and protection system for wind power plant through diode rectification |
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| 程帆: "海上风电经DR-MMC 并联混合直流送出系统启动及协调控制策略", 全球能源互联网, vol. 3, no. 2, pages 119 - 120 * |
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| CN114825431A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-29 | 上海交通大学 | Grid-connected system and control and protection system for wind power plant through diode rectification |
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