CN113970791A - Method and system for classification and quantitative evaluation of subsidence basin transportation and guidance system - Google Patents
Method and system for classification and quantitative evaluation of subsidence basin transportation and guidance system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a classification and quantitative evaluation method and a system for a fault basin transportation system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: analyzing static elements of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system; analyzing the dynamic factors of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system; carrying out oil source comparison on the fault basin, and obtaining the oil-gas migration direction and path according to the oil source comparison result; based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transportation and conduction system on the transportation and conduction system, the influence of an oil source comparison result on the oil and gas migration direction and path is combined, weight analysis and comparison are carried out on the elements, the dominant transportation and conduction system is determined, and a basis is provided for oil and gas exploration. According to the invention, the conductivity of the fractured basin conductivity system is quantitatively evaluated through geological analysis of contribution parameters of each element of the conductivity system, and a reference is provided for selection of an oil-gas favorable area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a classification and quantitative evaluation method and system for a fault basin transportation and guidance system, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas geological exploration, development and evaluation.
Background
The oil and gas transmission and conduction system is a fluid migration path connecting a hydrocarbon source rock and an oil reservoir trap and is mainly controlled by the structural form.
For the type division of an oil and gas transmission and conduction system, various division schemes exist: if the oil and gas transportation and conduction system is divided into 4 types of sand bodies, fractures, unconformities and compounds according to the main channel of oil and gas migration; according to the functions of different types of oil and gas migration channels in migration, the oil and gas migration channels can be divided into 4 types which are mainly fracture zones, related to ancient structural ridges, related to movable hot fluid diapir and related to non-integration; the utility model is divided into 4 types of a net blanket type, a T type, a step type and a crack type according to the combination mode of the transmission and conduction system elements.
However, the conventional analysis method is mainly researched by using static elements of faults, and dynamic evolution recovery and migration channel dynamic tracking of a fault basin transportation system are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a classification and quantitative evaluation method and system for a fault basin transportation and guidance system, which integrate each static element and dynamic evolution of a fault, classify the fault basin transportation and guidance system, and combine each element evaluation parameter to perform quantitative evaluation on the fault basin transportation and guidance system from multiple aspects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a classification and quantitative evaluation method for a depressed basin transportation and guidance system comprises the following steps: analyzing static elements of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system; analyzing the dynamic factors of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system; carrying out oil source comparison on the fault basin, and obtaining the oil-gas migration direction and path according to the oil source comparison result; based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transportation and conduction system on the transportation and conduction system, the weight analysis and comparison are carried out on all the elements by combining the oil gas migration direction and path, the dominant transportation and conduction system is determined, and a basis is provided for oil gas exploration.
Static elements of the fault basin transportation and guidance system comprise a fault and sand bodies, and when the fault is analyzed, the fault level, the fault closure and the fault activity rate are determined; and when the sand body is analyzed, determining the thickness and physical property characteristics of the sand body.
And when the fault level is determined, dividing the fault level into four levels according to the role of the fault in the fault trap evolution.
The fault sealing performance comprises vertical sealing performance and lateral sealing performance, the lateral sealing performance is evaluated by adopting a mudstone smearing method, and the vertical sealing performance is evaluated by adopting a sound wave time difference method.
The dynamic factors of the fault-trap basin transmission and guidance system refer to the transmission and guidance system evolution characteristics of the fault-trap basin, and the analysis of the transmission and guidance system evolution characteristics comprises the determination of fault combination patterns of the fault-trap basin, wherein the fault combination patterns comprise ground barriers, stacking of the ground cuts and domino arrangement.
The method for comparing the oil sources of the fault basin and obtaining the oil-gas migration direction and path according to the oil source comparison result comprises the following steps: performing oil source comparison on the crude oil in the fault basin by a geochemical method to obtain the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin; determining the oil and gas migration direction according to the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin; and depicting the oil and gas migration path based on the determined oil and gas migration direction.
When the oil and gas migration path is described, a method combining a streamline method and fluid potential energy is adopted.
The method for determining the dominant transportation and guidance system by analyzing the weight and comparing the elements based on the influence of the static elements and the dynamic elements of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin on the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin and combining the migration direction and the path of oil and gas comprises the following steps of: determining the influence of each static element and each dynamic element on the conductance system of different areas of the fault basin, and quantitatively reflecting the proportion of each element in the total influence; and assigning values to the elements according to the indexes of the elements to obtain the dominant transmission and guidance system of the fault basin, and providing reference for oil and gas exploration.
And when determining the influence of each static element and each dynamic element on the transmission and guidance system in different areas of the fault basin and quantitatively reflecting the proportion of each element in the total influence, adopting a regression model method.
A classification and quantitative evaluation system for a depressed basin transportation system comprises: the static element determining module is used for analyzing the static elements of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system; the dynamic element determining module is used for analyzing dynamic factors of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system; the oil-gas migration path determining module is used for comparing oil sources of the fault basin and obtaining an oil-gas migration direction and a path according to an oil source comparison result; and the optimal transmission and guidance system determining module is used for performing weight analysis and comparison on each element based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transmission and guidance system on the transmission and guidance system and the influence of an oil source comparison result on the oil gas migration direction and path, determining a dominant transmission and guidance system and providing a basis for oil gas exploration.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the time-space evolution process of the oil and gas transmission and guide system of the fractured basin in different areas is deeply researched, and the dynamic elements and the static elements are combined to comprehensively evaluate the oil and gas transmission and guide system of the fractured basin, so that the evaluation result is more comprehensive;
2. according to the method, the oil and gas migration path in the trapped basin is accurately simulated and displayed through dynamic tracking of the oil and gas migration path in the trapped basin;
3. the method integrates the contribution of each dynamic factor and each static factor to the oil and gas transmission and conduction system of the fractured basin, and simultaneously combines the influence of an oil and gas migration path to quantitatively evaluate the transmission and conduction systems of different areas of the fractured basin, thereby providing a basis for selecting an oil and gas exploration area.
Therefore, the method can be widely applied to the field of classification evaluation of oil and gas transmission and conduction systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an illustration of a seismic profile of a gold lake depression in-line760 survey line in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of calculation of mudstone smearing using SGR in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration of the three river region in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4(a) -4 (d) are diagrams illustrating a method for determining the fault closure beside a well by using a sound wave time difference method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where fig. 4(a) is a river 8 well, fig. 4(b) is a river X6 well, fig. 4(c) is a true 2 well, and fig. 4(d) is a high X21 well;
fig. 5(a) to 5(d) are graphs for determining fault closure of the fault activity rate of the three-river slope in the embodiment of the present invention, where fig. 5(a) is a histogram of activity rate distribution of the three-river slope, fig. 5(b) is a histogram of activity rate distribution of the three-river slope, fig. 5(c) is a histogram of paleo-drop distribution of the three-river slope, and fig. 5(d) is a histogram of paleo-drop distribution of the three-river slope;
FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are physical characteristics of a second reservoir of the Venus trifasciata in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6(a) is a histogram of a porosity frequency distribution and FIG. 6(b) is a histogram of a permeability frequency distribution;
FIGS. 7(a) to 7(f) are comparative diagrams of the oil source of the three rivers slope in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7(a) is 20RC29A relationship between α β β/(α β β + α α α) and α α α C2920S/(20S +20R), and fig. 7(b) shows the oil source Ts/Tm and α α α α C 2920S/(20S +20R), and FIG. 7(c) is a graph showing the relationship between the oil source 20RC and the oil source29A relationship between α β β/(α β β + α α α) and α α α C2920S/(20S +20R), and fig. 7(d) shows the relationship between Ts/Tm of the oil source and α α α α α C 2920S/(20S +20R) graph, FIG. 7(e) is the oil source Pr/nC17And Ph/nC18FIG. 7(f) is a graph of the regular stanol content profile of an oil source;
FIG. 8 is a gold lake depression oil gas dominant migration path in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9(a) -9 (c) are the well transportation and transportation characteristics of the gold lake sunken three-river slope river 8-2-river 8-river x5 in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a classification and quantitative evaluation method for a fault basin transportation system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and analyzing the static elements of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system.
Specifically, the static elements of the fractured-basin conducting system related in the embodiment include faults, sand bodies and the like of the fractured-basin.
In some embodiments, when analyzing fault characteristics of the fault trap, the determined contribution parameters of the fault to the fault trap conducting system include: fault level, fault seal, fault activity rate and the like, wherein the fault seal comprises lateral seal and vertical seal.
In some embodiments, when determining the fault level of the fault-prone basin, the following principles are adopted: the division is made according to the role of faults in the evolution of the fault basin.
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the faults of the fault-trap basin may be divided into four levels, including a first level fault, a second level fault, a third level fault, and a fourth level fault. Wherein, the first-order fault is also called basin control fault, is a boundary fault for dividing the protrusion and the recess, and has the characteristics of long extension, large fault distance, long activity time and the like. The secondary fault is a main fault formed by a control local structure and a structural zone in the fault-trap basin, the trend of the secondary fault is generally consistent with the trend of the basin or the direction of the most main structural line in the basin, and the secondary fault has the characteristics of early generation, long extension, large fault distance, strong inheritance and the like. The three-level fault is a fault for dividing a block area, the extension length generally exceeds 10km, the fault distance is large, and the three-level fault mainly plays a role in communicating an oil source. The four-stage fault has small scale, numerous quantity, poor directivity and variable trend. The fall is generally 20-50m, only a few exceed 100m, some are less than 10m, and the extension length is generally thousands of meters. Most of the four-level faults do not cut off the two-level fault and the three-level fault, the sections are steep, and the four-level faults are mainly distributed in local structures.
The main behavior of each fault is shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Fault level Scale Table
| Level of fault | The main manifestations |
| First order fault | Controlling the basin or depression and its internal structural units |
| Two-stage fault | Controlled dishing, controlled dishing and certain deposition |
| Three-level fault | Controlling zone faults, zonal isolation of structures within a construction system |
| Four-stage fault | Controlling the fault and blocking the fault zone. |
In still other embodiments, the fault blocking performance is analyzed mainly by influencing factors of the fault blocking performance and a research method of the fault blocking performance.
Specifically, the factors influencing fault sealing mainly include: the mechanical property of the fault, the fault occurrence, the fault burial depth and density, the fracture activity and codeposition, the filling material of the fracture zone and the cementing diagenetic degree thereof, the lithology of two opposite disks of the fault and the mudstone smearing of the fracture surface.
Specifically, each influencing factor is specifically introduced as follows:
mechanical properties of fault. From the qualitative point of view, the sealing performance of the fracture with the tensile property and the tensile torsion property is poor, but if a large amount of fracture mud is formed in the fracture process, the sealing performance of the fracture mud is greatly improved; the sealing performance of the extrusion fault is better; the torsional fault is better sealed in the vertical direction.
② fault occurrence. The steeper the fault face inclination angle is, the smaller the pressure of overlying strata is born, the poorer the healing degree of the fracture zone is, so that the fault closure is poorer, and conversely, the better the fault closure is. The fault with the direction perpendicular to the direction of the maximum principal stress in the region has the best sealing performance, and the fault perpendicular to the direction of the minimum principal stress has the worst sealing performance. Along with the increase of the fault distance, the friction action suffered by substances in the fault zone is strong, the probability of forming fault mud is high, and good closed conditions are easily formed; however, if the standoff exceeds the thickness of the local cap layer, vertical conduction of the fault may result.
And thirdly, fault buried depth and density. Along with the increase of fault burial depth, the pressure of an overlying stratum is increased, the reduction amplitude of porosity and permeability is correspondingly increased, and the sealing property is better; otherwise, the sealing property is poor. In a certain area range, the more the number of faults is, the more rock is broken, the greater the deformation degree is, and therefore the fault sealing performance is poorer.
Mobility of the fracture and codeposition. The conduction of the fault has a curtain-type characteristic, the sealing performance of the fault is poor in the active period, and the sealing performance of the fault is relatively good in the static period. Co-deposited faults on the other hand are generally favoured for smear sealing, since the mud is generally less compact and tends to form a smear layer along the fault plane.
Fracture zone filling material and its degree of cementing into rock. When the filling material of the fracture zone is mainly muddy, the sealing property is good, and when the filling material of the fracture zone is mainly sandy, the sealing property is poor; the stronger the cementitious diagenetic action, the lower its porosity and permeability and the better the fault seal becomes.
Sixthly, breaking the opposite lithology of the two disks. If the two disks of the fault are in contact with each other in a permeable stratum and the section has no packing condition, the fault is not closed. If the two disks are permeable and impermeable and the fault has a sealed condition, the fault is generally sealed better.
Seventhly, smearing the mudstone with the section. On the sand-mud rock stratum section, when the fault is dislocated, mud-rock smearing is easily generated in the fracture zone to form a smearing layer, and the lateral sealing performance of the fault is facilitated.
In some embodiments, the fault closure research method for the fault trap mainly comprises a mudstone smearing method, a sound wave time difference method and a fault activity rate method. Considering the relation between the oil and gas migration direction and the fault, the fault sealing performance of the fault trap is represented by two aspects: vertical sealing and lateral sealing. The lateral sealing performance is mainly evaluated by a mudstone smearing method, the vertical sealing performance is mainly evaluated by an acoustic time difference method, and the fracture activity is mainly evaluated by a fault activity rate method.
In some embodiments, when the sand body characteristics of the fractured basin are analyzed, the determined contribution parameters of the sand body to the fractured basin transportation system comprise the sand body thickness, physical property characteristics and the like.
Specifically, the spreading characteristics of the sand bodies can be obtained according to a logging curve, the thickness statistics of each sub-section of the multi-well is carried out according to logging information, and the sand body plane spreading is carried out by combining well position plane distribution.
Optionally, the physical characteristics of the sand body include: porosity and permeability. Wherein, the physical properties of the sand body can be obtained by analyzing and testing results in a laboratory.
Step 2: and analyzing the dynamic factors of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system.
It should be noted that the dynamic factor of the transmission and guidance system of the fractured-basin in this embodiment mainly refers to the fault profile evolution characteristic of the fractured-basin.
And obtaining the migration distance from the source rock to the trap formation reservoir in the oil and gas formation period, namely the oil source distance according to the section evolution characteristics.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, when analyzing the combination pattern of each level of faults according to the fault section morphology, the combination pattern of the faults may be divided into a ground barrier, a stacking of the base cuts, and a domino arrangement.
And step 3: and comparing oil sources of the fault basin, and obtaining the oil-gas migration direction and path according to the oil source comparison result.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
performing oil source comparison on the crude oil in the fault basin by a geochemical method to obtain the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin;
determining the oil and gas migration direction according to the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin;
and (3) describing an oil and gas migration path by adopting a method combining a streamline method and fluid potential energy based on the determined oil and gas migration direction.
And 4, step 4: based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of a transmission and conduction system in different areas of the fault basin on the transmission and conduction system, the influence of an oil source comparison result on the oil and gas migration direction and path is combined, the weight analysis and comparison are carried out on the elements, the dominant transmission and conduction system is determined, and a basis is provided for oil and gas exploration.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
and 4.1, determining the influence of each static element and each dynamic element on the collapse basin transportation and guidance system according to the regression model, and quantitatively reflecting the proportion of each element in the total influence.
Defining n static and dynamic elements as X1，X2...XnAnd establishing a unitary regression model by displaying each element and the explored oil gas (namely the oil gas volume enclosed corresponding to the type of transportation and conduction system):
Y＝β0+βiXi+∈，i＝1，...，n
in the formula, Y is the oil gas amount, beta is the coefficient corresponding to each element variable, and epsilon is a constant.
Calculating variable XiThe value of the test statistic of the corresponding regression coefficient is recorded
Get it outMaximum value
Namely, it is
For a given significance level α, the corresponding threshold value is denoted as F(1)，
Then will be
Introducing a regression model, denoted as I1And selecting a variable index set.
Secondly, establishing a binary regression model of each element and the display of the explored oil gas, wherein n-1 elements are calculated in total,
calculating the statistic value of regression coefficient F test and recording the statistic value
The maximum one is selected and recorded as, the corresponding independent variable pin is marked as
Namely, it is
For a given significance level α, the corresponding threshold value is denoted as F(2)，
Then will be
And introducing a regression model, and otherwise, terminating the variable introduction process.
Taking into account dependent variable to variable subset
Repeating the regression of step two;
and fourthly, repeating the steps of the first step and the third step, selecting one independent variable from the non-introduced regression model each time until no variable is introduced through detection, and obtaining the weight occupied by each element as shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 weights of the influencing elements
And 4.2, assigning values to the elements according to the indexes of the elements to obtain the dominant transmission and guidance systems of different areas in the fault basin, and providing reference for oil and gas exploration.
TABLE 3 quantitative assignment interval for the sinking basin transportation and guidance system
Example 2
In this embodiment, a classification and evaluation method of the fractured basin transportation system in embodiment 1 is described in detail by taking a sunken three-river slope of the gold lake as an example. The gold lake depression three-river slope has a fracture system mainly based on stone breaking, plays a vital role in oil and gas transportation and transportation in a research area, and mainly analyzes and researches the gold lake depression fracture transportation and transportation system.
1. Fault grading analysis
1.1 Fault grading
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment divides the fault in the slope of the three rivers sunken in the gold lake into four levels, and the region mainly develops the third-level fault and the fourth-level fault.
Specifically, the west section of the Yancun fault on the south boundary of the gold lake depression is also the southwest boundary of the northwest basin, so that the deposition of the west section of the gold lake depression is directly controlled, and the Yancun fault belongs to a first-level fault. The copper city fault which is used for controlling and dividing the east and west deposition and fracture development patterns of the gold lake pit belongs to a second-level fault in the gold lake pit. The rock harbor fault controls the deposition pattern in the pit of the east section of the gold lake pit and also belongs to a secondary fault in the gold lake pit.
The second-level fault of the sunken three-river slope of the golden lake mainly is a granite fault, the third-level fault has development in the south and north of the sunken three-river slope of the golden lake, and the north is slightly more than the south; the four-level fault mostly develops in the south, and the main fault stage influencing the sunken three-river slope of the gold lake is the three-level fault stage developing in the three-pile stage. Therefore, the present example mainly focuses on the tertiary fault to study the conductance effect on the oil-gas reservoir in the sunken three rivers of the gold lake, as shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 three river slope fault level division table
1.2 layer breaking combination pattern
As shown in fig. 3, the slope zone of the northwest basin is generally composed of one or two main faults and traps and secondary faults controlled by the faults. The pit granite fracture zone of the gold lake controls the deposition, stratum and various trap developments in the three river region, and the section forms of the pit granite fracture zone have different types at different positions.
Base of earth
The section form of the sunken three-river slope rampart type fault of the Jinhu lake is mainly caused by the extensive development of a normal fault caused by the tension action suffered by a basin, the stratum between two adjacent fractures is tensioned to form a structural form that the middle stratum is relatively protruded and the fault blocks at two sides are descended, and the section form is represented as a rampart structure. Such type of profile construction develops mainly in the northern region of the depressed three river slope of gold lake.
② piling up the cutting
In the basin tensile state, the stratum settlement speed and the settlement direction between faults are inconsistent due to the base or deposition, so that the section displays a section structure form of stacking of the cutting moats, and the structure is developed in the south of the sunken three-river slope of the gold lake mostly.
(iii) domino alignment
Under the tension action of the basin and the sedimentation action of the deep concave zone, a series of faults are caused to sink in the same direction to form a domino arrangement, and the section morphology of the type develops in the northern area of the sunken three-river slope of the gold lake.
In summary, the north part of the depressed Sanhe slope of the Jinhu lake is a multi-developmental domino and rampart cross-sectional structure pattern, and the south part is a multi-developmental rampart stacking cross-sectional structure pattern.
1.3 fault plane distribution
As shown in fig. 3, the rock harbor fracture zone is a north-east fracture of the east of the gold lake sunken river slope, and the fracture has a significant control significance on the sedimentary configuration of the east of the depression. From the main section of the stone harbor fracture zone, in the lower structural layer, the fracture is a single fault in the north east direction of the main body, the section is steep, a series of uniformly dispersed same-direction normal faults are distributed beside the fracture, and nearly east west faults obliquely crossed with the main fault are mostly represented on the plane. In the medium formation layer, the rock harbor fracture is diverged into a plurality of branch faults, the faults form a flower shape on the section, and the rock harbor fault on the plane no longer has the form of a single fault but consists of a series of orthotropic or reverse normal faults in an inclined row. The fracture development characteristics of the stone-harbor fracture zone determine that the fracture has different plane construction patterns in different construction layers. The descending disk of the south section of the fracture zone mainly develops a north-inclined normal fracture in the near east-west direction and forms a domino-shaped plane structure pattern together with the main fracture surface. The ascending disc of the broken south segment develops a series of approximately parallel reverse normal faults, and a structural pattern of parallel cutting superposition is formed on a plane. In the north segment of the fracture, the descending disk develops a series of faults which are oblique to the main fracture, and a structural pattern of the superposition of oblique cutting cuts is formed. The rising plate of the broken north segment is affected by the Baobai slope belt, the breakage develops in an arc shape, and an arc-shaped stacking cutting stacking plane structure pattern is formed.
From the second view of the fault development period, the Jinhu sunken Sanhe slope fault mainly takes the fault developed in Wubao period and three buttress period as the main part, wherein the fault in the three buttress period is mostly positioned in the middle part of the outer slope zone and the middle inner slope, and the fault in the Wubao period is mostly positioned in the middle inner slope zone and the deep concave zone. There were few faults in the genuine wu stage and the salt city stage, and several lines were visible in the south of the depression of the san river slope in the gold lake. The three-stack-period three-level fault serving as a main communication oil source is a key object of the embodiment and has a remarkable effect on analyzing an oil and gas transportation and transportation mode in a research area.
2. Fault seal study
2.1 influence factors of fault closure and judging method
2.1.1 influencing factors of Fault seal
There are many factors affecting fault closure of three sunken rivers in the gold lake, and the main factors are considered to be seven by analysis: the mechanical property of the fault, the fault occurrence, the fault burial depth and density, the fracture mobility and codeposition, the filling material of the fracture zone and the cementing diagenetic degree thereof, the opposite lithology of two disks of the fault and the mudstone smearing of the fracture surface.
2.1.2 methods of investigating Fault seal
The fault closure research of the three sunken rivers in the golden lake is carried out by adopting a mudstone smearing method, an acoustic wave time difference method and a fault activity rate method.
(1) Fault lateral seal study
And selecting an SGR method according to the data of the research area and the project plan to judge the lateral sealing of the main fault of the three-river slope. In this embodiment, 7 main well-side faults in the south and north of the slope of the three rivers are selected for mudstone smearing calculation, and the results are shown in table 5 below:
TABLE 5 SANHEY SLOPE SGR statistical Table
| Well location | Horizon | Sand body thickness (m) | SGR | Oil and gas accumulation |
| River 8 | E1f1 | 31 | 0.84 | √ |
| Heshen 1 | E1f2 | 10 | 0.77 | × |
| River X6 | E1f3 | 14 | 0.51 | √ |
| Height 6 | E1f3 | 9 | 0.95 | √ |
| High X21 | E1f2 | 16 | 0.29 | √ |
| The arrangement 2 | E1f4 | 6 | 0.79 | √ |
| Liu X30 | E1f3 | 3.5 | 0.47 | √ |
SGR calculation research on main well-side faults shows that when the SGR is greater than 0.7, the faults have lateral sealing performance, an oil-gas migration channel can be closed, and oil reservoirs such as a north river 8 well and a south river 2 well are formed at the trap; or block oil and gas from entering a trap formation, such as a Heshen 1 well.
(2) Vertical fault seal study
And the vertical fault sealing in the research area is researched by adopting sound wave time difference data and fault activity analysis.
Sound wave time difference method
The sound wave time difference (AC) reflects the compactness of the cementation of the fracture zone, so that the closure condition at the fracture point can be judged. If the deviation degree of the AC value at the actually measured breakpoint is larger than the deviation degree of the curve fitted with the AC value of the normally compacted stratum and is smaller than the value on the corresponding curve, the breakpoint can be considered to be compact due to the cementing effect, and the breakpoint has good vertical sealing performance; if the AC value of the fruit at the measured breaking point is a curve which is fitted with the AC value of the normally compacted stratum and has a large deviation degree and is higher than the acoustic wave time difference value on the corresponding curve, and the breaking point has no under-compaction effect, the breaking point can be judged to be loose and difficult to form vertical closure; if the breaking point has an under-compaction phenomenon, the breaking point is relatively compact, and the closure in the vertical direction can be formed. By drawing a curve chart of the acoustic time difference and the burial depth of the well in the research area, the acoustic time difference law of the upper and lower fault surfaces is summarized, and the fault closure can be judged.
As shown in fig. 4(a) to 4(b), in this embodiment, the north and south 9 wells are selected to perform acoustic time difference data analysis, and the acoustic time difference method is combined with comprehensive observation of the formation stratification data and the reservoir distribution data to show that the correlation between the vertical sealing of the through-well fault and the reservoir distribution is better.
Fault rate method
In the embodiment, the ancient fall and the fault activity rate of each of the three wells in the south and the north of the gold lake depression are analyzed and researched, and the fault activity rates in the south and the north of the three-river slope area have certain differences. The activity rate of the south fault is higher than that of the north fault, and the paleo-drop and the activity rate are generally higher than that of the north well.
As shown in FIGS. 5(a) to 5(d), from the second development stage of the fault activity rate, the fault in every stage of the pit of Jinhu lake develops, mainly in E1f3、E1f4Period of time to E2In s phase, the degree of fault development is relatively small.
3. Characteristics of sand conveying and guiding system
3.1 framework Sand body spreading characteristics
The Jinhu sunken Fudi section can be divided into a mud neck, a Wangbai, a Qikui, a Si kui and a shan character according to a logging curve, and the total stratum thickness is about 150-200 m. Wherein the sections of "mud neck", "Wangbai cover", "seven peaks" and "four peaks" correspond to the section E1f2 1A section, the layer thickness of which is about 50-70 meters, and the section is a main hydrocarbon source stratum in the research area; thereunder E1f2 2The segments have good sand body development and the thickness is about 40-50 m; the lower part of the Chinese character 'shan' section mainly corresponds to E1f2 3And the sand body of the interval has good physical property and the thickness of about 40-60 meters, and can be used as a high-quality reservoir stratum.
Since the gold lake depressed mons second section is used as an important reservoir distribution interval in the research area, it can be seen by making a percentage content graph analysis of the gold lake depressed mons second section sandstone (as shown in fig. 6(a) -6 (b)): e1f2 3-1The sandstone percentage content of the high concentration region in the middle of the horizon is larger than that of the south lake and the fangzhuang region in the south, and the maximum sand-to-ground ratio can reach more than 50%. The percentage content of the sandstone in the northern area is relatively small, the thickness of the sand body is gradually reduced from the central part to the northern part, and the sand body is a source provided by a lake building ridge from the aspect of a deposition evolution law. E1f2 3-2The level is also that the sandstone percentage content of the middle high-concentration area and the south lake area is higher and can respectively reach more than 40 percent and 50 percent, the sand body from the lake building uplift enters the Liuzhuang area in the north Liuzhang area, and the sand-land ratio reaches more than 30 percent. E1f2 3-3The percentage content of the sandstone in the middle of the horizon and the sandstone in the south of the horizon have no obvious change and still have higher proportion, and the percentage content of the sand in the north of the horizon shows an increased state as a whole due to the expansion of the deposition range and has obvious thickening compared with the sand in the front horizon. On the whole, the Sanhe slope Fudi section is influenced by deposition, and the sand body in the region of high-Collection-Ruzhuang and south lake develops most and gradually thins towards two sides.
3.2 analysis of the properties of the Sand transport layer
3.2.1 influence factors on the sand mass transport and conduction performance
The occurrence of the skeleton sand body is usually expressed by the inclination angle of the skeleton sand body, because the skeleton sand body is generally in a normal pressure system, the oil gas migration power of the skeleton sand body is mainly buoyancy, the inclination angle of the oil gas migration indirectly reflects the buoyancy of the oil gas migration, as the buoyancy component received by the oil gas in the migration process is in positive correlation with the inclination angle of the transportation layer, the larger the inclination angle is, the larger the buoyancy is, the easier the oil gas migration is. Migration of hydrocarbons in the reservoir is typically driven by buoyancy to move along the pores and throats. During the period, the capillary force needs to be overcome, and an important factor influencing the capillary force is the size of the pore radius of the reservoir, the sand body conduction capability with large pore radius is strong, and the sand body conduction capability is weaker. The sand conductivity is generally determined by referring to the porosity and permeability.
3.2.2 evaluation of Sand transport and conductivity
The gold lake depression shows NWW direction inclination as a whole due to the sedimentation effect of the granite fracture zone, the inclination angle of the deep depression zone is larger, and the oil gas is distributed in a region with larger inclination angle from the view point of an oil reservoir distribution diagram, which shows that the sand body production and the oil gas display have certain correlation, and the larger inclination angle is more beneficial to oil gas migration.
As shown in fig. 6(a) -6 (b), the porosity of the dui sandwiches of the san river slope of the gold lake is 21.1% at most, 11.3% at most, the average porosity is 15.1%, and the porosity of most sandwiches is between 10% and 15%. The permeability is at most 49mD, at least 2.5mD, with an average value of 38.2mD, mostly distributed between 10 and 1000 mD. In the three-river slope area, the higher hole sand body is better developed, and the layer section can develop an advantageous migration channel to provide good conditions for oil and gas migration and transportation.
4 oil and gas migration path and direction
4.1 oil and gas migration direction
4.1.1 oil Source comparison
The comparison of the crude oil in the sunken three rivers of the gold lake by the geochemical method shows that: the maturity characteristics of crude oil of the funing group and the southeast group are obviously different and can pass through C 2920S/(20S +20R) and C29Two reaction maturity parameters of alpha beta/(alpha beta + alpha) are judged.
Sanhe sloganun group crude oil sterane maturity parameter C 2920S/(20S +20R) is in the range of 0.26-0.52, C29α β β/(α β β + α α α) distribution in the range of 0.21 to 0.46; sterane maturity parameter C of Thevenin group crude oil 2920S/(20S +20R) is 0.22, C29Beta/(beta + alpha) is 0.24, and the crude oil of Funing group has higher maturity than the southeast composition.
Comparing geochemical parameters of source rocks, the hydrocarbon source rocks of the second section of the funumus and the fourth section of the funumus have obvious difference, crude oil of the fununing group is derived from the hydrocarbon source rocks of the second section of the funumus, and crude oil of the southeast group is derived from the hydrocarbon source rocks of the fourth section of the funumus.
As shown in FIGS. 7(a) to 7(f), the crude oil biomarker characteristics of the study area were studied, C27R、C28R and C29The distribution characteristics and relative content of the R regular sterane are generally good for reflecting the biogenic composition of the source rock when it is deposited, and thus are often used for oil source comparison. Through C27R-C28R-C29The R regular sterane triangular graph can be seen more intuitively, the crude oil data points are mainly concentrated in the region mainly comprising phytoplankton, and 20RC is manufactured29α β β/(α β β + α α α) and α α α C 2920S/(20S +20R) cross plot, Ts/Tm and alpha C 2920S/(20S+20R)、Pr/nC17And Ph/nC18The intersection map shows that the Fujie second-section crude oil, such as a river 4-1 well, a high X21 well, a Fengx 5 well and the like, has better correlation with the Fujie second-section source rock and is transported to the reservoir through a transportation and guidance system.
4.1.2 migration directions
The overall maturity of the three-river slope is high, the sterane isomerization index (SM) value is 0.18-0.44, wherein the SM values of a high-concentration region and a treegand region in the south-middle part are both above 0.35, the maturity is high, and the thermal evolution degree of the high-concentration region is high compared with the treegand region. While the Luliang area in the North part has lower overall thermal evolution degree, and the SM value of the river 8-2 well reaches 0.378. Pr/Ph is significantly higher in the high concentration region than in other regions, and can reach 0.55, and Pr/Ph is generally between 0.16-0.37 in the Zhenzhuang region and the Luliang region. The crude oil density distribution graph shows that the crude oil density of the three-river slope high set is gradually reduced towards the true direction, the crude oil density difference of the Luliang area is large, the density of the crude oil is reduced along with the increase of the migration distance in the migration process, and the migration of the crude oil of the three-river slope from the deep concave zone to the true and Luliang areas can be judged according to the trend. The crude oil takes the deep concave zone as the center and moves outwards in a slope from the center of the three-river secondary concave hydrocarbon.
4.1.3 oil and gas migration path
And determining the development range (initial oil and gas gathering area) of the ancient sand body in close contact with the source rock by using a phase analysis technology, drilling information and a sedimentary facies diagram of a dominant source rock layer system. On the basis, the mobility and the section form of the boundary fracture are comprehensively considered, and the strong mobility fault and the convex surface superposed region are taken as the convergence point of the oil gas on the section and are taken as the starting point of the oil gas migration in the Funing group transportation layer. And for the migration path of oil and gas in the sand transport layer, basin simulation software can be used for realizing the migration path. The current methods for simulating oil and gas migration mainly include a seepage mechanical method, a fluid potential energy analysis method, a streamline method and the like.
As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment uses the IES PetroMod software to characterize the oil and gas migration path of the convex slope region by using the method combining the flow line method and the fluid potential energy.
And developing a plurality of oil and gas gathering points in the research area, and performing oil and gas injection on the plurality of oil and gas gathering points by combining a basin model software EXPRESS module. The results show that faults play a key role in oil and gas migration. Therefore, before the oil gas moves from the depression to the gentle slope, the oil gas gathering area has obvious change. The coupling area of the source, the break and the accumulation determines the final migration direction of the oil gas in the convex slope area, namely the oil gas dominant migration path on the convex. And oil gas display wells of a river 8 well and a catalyst 2 well are on effective migration channels, so that the application effect is good.
5-conductance pattern analysis
5.1 evolution characteristics of the transport and guidance System
In order to explore the characteristics of the conductance system in the slope region of the three rivers, the embodiment selects three sections of north, middle and south to perform dynamic evolution research on the conductance system in the accumulation period, the lifting period and the current period, and the development evolution characteristics of the oil and gas conductance system are deduced by restoring the structure of the sections.
As shown in fig. 9(a) to 9(c), according to the present study on the properties and characteristics of the hydrocarbon source rock in the three-river slope region, it can be seen that the three-river slope starts to enter the hydrocarbon generation stage in the three-pile period, and reaches the hydrocarbon generation peak in the end of the three-pile period, during which a large amount of oil and gas is discharged from the source rock layer and enters into the adjacent sand body for the primary migration. The three-stack period fault of the three-river slope plays a crucial role in oil and gas migration, the three-stack final period fault is basically developed, a source rock stratum and adjacent sand bodies are communicated, a composite transportation and conduction system framework is initially established, but the overall topography of the three-river slope is slightly slow in the period, and oil and gas are transported in a small scale under the action of accumulation power after entering a transportation and conduction system.
And then, the three slopes are structurally lifted, the three stacks of groups are subjected to weathering degradation, the northwest degradation amount is large, the whole research area is inclined towards the SE direction, the migration condition is greatly improved due to the influence of the structure on the research area, the oil and gas migration and transportation efficiency is greatly improved, the four-level fault developed in the slope area plays a role in forming various traps in the period, and a foundation is laid for the oil and gas to be stored.
After a lifting period, the structure of the three river slope is gradually stabilized, oil gas presents the characteristic of differential aggregation in a composite transportation and conduction system, a high-value area of the structure is easier to form a better large-scale oil gas reservoir, and the formed oil reservoir trap is more stable and is more favorable for oil gas reservoir formation because the basin continuously receives deposition and the structure activity subsides.
The regions of the three-river slope are under the same structural pattern, so the evolution process is similar, the transmission conductor system has an appearance at the beginning of the accumulation period, the transportation and accumulation of oil gas in the transmission conductor system are intensified along with the gradual rising of the basin, and finally the oil gas accumulation is formed in the stable-development trap. The northern Luliang area and the middle high concentration area have less fault development, mainly the fault developed in the three buttress stages contributes greatly to the oil and gas transportation, guidance and accumulation, and the later stage transformation effect is less. The south of the province, the trekkang and the fangzhuang areas have violent fault development and strong activity, and the formation of the ground rampart and the cutting structure in the later period has certain influence on the transmission and guidance system.
5.2 mode and system characteristics
The three-river slope transportation and conduction mode has diversified oil and gas transportation, gathering and conduction modes.
(1) Direct discharging type under source
The reason for the formation of the type of transportation and conduction mode is mainly that the 'mud neck' layer section at the top of the two port sections in the research area is dense, so that oil gas generated by upper source rock is prevented from moving upwards, the oil gas is discharged downwards and enters the sand bodies at the middle lower part of the two port sections and the one port section, and the transportation and conduction are carried out under the driving of reservoir forming power to form a reservoir. Due to the development relationship of the source rock and the sand body, the conductance mode of the type is distributed in all regions of the slope of the three rivers, such as a high X21 reservoir and a high 14-fun second reservoir.
(2) Sand body master control type
After hydrocarbon is discharged from a hydrocarbon source rock, oil gas enters a sand body and moves along the upward inclination direction of the sand body, the middle of the oil gas can be adjusted by 1-2 faults, finally, the oil gas is gathered into a reservoir in a high-point anticline region with better reservoir performance of the sand body, the whole process is controlled by the development degree of the sand body, and the reservoir is located in a region with better sand body distribution in a south Torreya region and a high-concentration region, such as a two-section reservoir of Torre 2 and Gaumu 13.
(3) Broken-sand step type
The whole research area is inclined towards the SE direction due to the lifting period of the three-river slope, the three-river slope forms a series of domino type stepped fault blocks due to the development of faults in three buttress periods, oil and gas are discharged from hydrocarbon source rocks and enter sand bodies and then are moved along the upward inclined direction of the stratum, if the faults are opened, the oil and gas are adjusted to move along the faults, if the faults are closed, the oil and gas are gathered to be hidden, and if the faults are closed, the oil and gas are distributed differently, the oil and gas are gathered along the height position of the structure. The conductance pattern is less developed in the region of "Zhenzhuang" and more developed in the regions of Luliang and high concentration, such as the reservoir of river 8-2 and Dong 64 Fuliang.
(4) Broken-sand cutting model
Sunken south of gold lake portion formula of gathering, south lake region, fault structure is mostly the stack type of base cutting, lead to disconnected sand defeated system of leading to because vertical distribution is unfavorable to oil gas migration input and lead to producing the influence, because some faults are less at the period of becoming to reserve the cutting offset, still partial sand body docks, the three river slope district becomes that the period of reserving south of overpressure distribution scope is bigger than north in addition, make oil gas migration power condition better, require to reduce to the system of leading, also can form good oil gas reservoir, like south 1, 10 fun two-section oil gas reservoirs.
(5) Fault Z-shaped transmission and guide type
The oil and gas produced from the source rock directly moves upwards along the fault, and the transmission and conduction system is visible at the deep concave zone of the high concentration region, as shown by three sections of oil and gas of high X21 Fuyang.
The three-river slope stratum gradually rises towards the outer slope zone to form a stepped migration channel formed by fracture and sand body combination, oil gas laterally migrates along the framework sand body, and the reverse fault and the sand body combination laterally migrates and conducts the oil gas. The south sand body develops to provide a good channel for oil and gas migration, and the forward fault mainly plays a vertical transportation and guide role in the accumulation period and is combined with the sand body to form a stepped migration channel; the fault lifting period mainly plays a role in blocking, and the reverse fault blocking performance is better, so that the fault is favorable for being hidden.
Quantitative evaluation of the transportation and guidance system in the research area is carried out according to the influence of each element on the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin, and the results are shown in the following table 6.
TABLE 6 quantitative evaluation of three-river slope conductance system
Comprehensive comparison shows that the transmission and conduction system in the central and south regions of the research area is superior, and provides reference for oil and gas exploration and development of the research area.
Example 3
The above embodiment 1 provides a classification and quantitative evaluation method for the conduction system of the fractured basin, and correspondingly, this embodiment provides a classification and quantitative evaluation system for the conduction system of the fractured basin. The identification system provided by this embodiment can implement the classification and quantitative evaluation method of the depressed basin conducting system of embodiment 1, and the system can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the system may comprise integrated or separate functional modules or functional units to perform the corresponding steps in the methods of embodiment 1. Since the system of this embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description process of this embodiment is relatively simple, and reference may be made to part of the description of embodiment 1 for relevant points.
The classification and quantitative evaluation system for the fault basin transportation system provided by the embodiment comprises:
the static element determining module is used for analyzing the static elements of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system;
the dynamic element determining module is used for analyzing dynamic factors of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system;
the oil-gas migration path determining module is used for comparing oil sources of the fault basin and obtaining an oil-gas migration direction and a path according to an oil source comparison result;
and the optimal transmission and guidance system determining module is used for performing weight analysis and comparison on each element based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transmission and guidance system on the transmission and guidance system and the influence of an oil source comparison result on the oil gas migration direction and path, determining a dominant transmission and guidance system and providing a basis for oil gas exploration.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A classification and quantitative evaluation method for a depressed basin transportation and guidance system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
analyzing static elements of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system;
analyzing the dynamic factors of the transportation and guidance system of the subsidence basin to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system;
carrying out oil source comparison on the fault basin, and obtaining the oil-gas migration direction and path according to the oil source comparison result;
based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transportation and conduction system on the transportation and conduction system, the weight analysis and comparison are carried out on all the elements by combining the oil gas migration direction and path, and the dominant transportation and conduction system is determined.
2. The classification and quantitative evaluation method of the fault basin conducting system according to claim 1, wherein static elements of the fault basin conducting system comprise faults and sand bodies, and when the faults are analyzed, the fault level, fault closure and fault activity rate are determined; and when the sand body is analyzed, determining the thickness and physical property characteristics of the sand body.
3. The method for classification and quantitative evaluation of the fault basin guidance system according to claim 2, wherein when determining the fault level, the fault level is divided into four levels according to the role of the fault in fault basin evolution.
4. The classification and quantitative evaluation method of the fractured basin transportation system according to claim 2, wherein the fault sealing performance comprises vertical sealing performance and lateral sealing performance, the lateral sealing performance is evaluated by a mudstone smearing method, and the vertical sealing performance is evaluated by a sound wave time difference method.
5. The method for classification and quantitative evaluation of the sinking basin conductance system according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic factors of the sinking basin conductance system are conductance system evolution characteristics of the sinking basin, and the analysis of the conductance system evolution characteristics comprises determining fault combination patterns of the sinking basin conductance system evolution characteristics, wherein the fault combination patterns comprise ground barriers, stacking of sinking cuts and domino arrangement.
6. The method for classification and quantitative evaluation of the fault basin transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the method for comparing oil sources of fault basins and obtaining the oil and gas migration direction and path according to the result of the oil source comparison comprises the following steps:
performing oil source comparison on the crude oil in the fault basin by a geochemical method to obtain the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin;
determining the oil and gas migration direction according to the crude oil maturity difference of different areas of the fault basin;
and depicting the oil and gas migration path based on the determined oil and gas migration direction.
7. The method for classification and quantitative evaluation of the fractured basin transportation system according to claim 6, wherein a method combining a streamline method and fluid potential energy is adopted when the oil and gas migration path is depicted.
8. The classification and quantitative evaluation method of the fault-trap basin conducting system according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the dominant conducting system by performing weight analysis and comparison on each element based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fault-trap basin conducting system on the conducting system in combination with the oil and gas migration direction and path comprises the following steps:
determining the influence of each static element and each dynamic element on the conductance system of different areas of the fault basin, and quantitatively reflecting the proportion of each element in the total influence;
and assigning values to the elements according to the indexes of the elements to obtain the dominant transmission and guidance system of the fault basin, and providing reference for oil and gas exploration.
9. The classification and quantitative evaluation method for the guidance system of the fractured basin according to claim 8, wherein a regression model method is adopted when the influence of each static element and each dynamic element on the guidance system of different areas of the fractured basin is determined and the proportion of each element in the total influence is quantitatively reflected.
10. The utility model provides a system of transportation and guidance of fault basin is categorised and quantitative evaluation, its characterized in that includes:
the static element determining module is used for analyzing the static elements of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each static element on the transportation and guidance system;
the dynamic element determining module is used for analyzing dynamic factors of the fault basin transportation and guidance system to obtain the influence of each dynamic factor on the transportation and guidance system;
the oil-gas migration path determining module is used for comparing oil sources of the fault basin and obtaining an oil-gas migration direction and a path according to an oil source comparison result;
and the optimal transmission and guidance system determining module is used for performing weight analysis and comparison on each element based on the influence of static elements and dynamic elements of the fractured basin transmission and guidance system on the transmission and guidance system and the influence of an oil source comparison result on the oil gas migration direction and path, determining a dominant transmission and guidance system and providing a basis for oil gas exploration.
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