CN113970569A - Ready-made garment heat retention performance testing and evaluating method - Google Patents
Ready-made garment heat retention performance testing and evaluating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113970569A CN113970569A CN202010723717.4A CN202010723717A CN113970569A CN 113970569 A CN113970569 A CN 113970569A CN 202010723717 A CN202010723717 A CN 202010723717A CN 113970569 A CN113970569 A CN 113970569A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000037311 normal skin Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the heat retention performance of ready-made clothes, which comprises a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method, wherein after the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, the subjective evaluation can directly reflect the experience of consumers, and the basic principle of testing and evaluating the heat retention performance of the ready-made clothes by adopting an average power method in the objective evaluation is that after the heat exchange between a simulated human body and a clothes environment reaches a steady state, the energy required to be emitted or consumed for maintaining the normal skin surface temperature of the human body within unit time, namely the average power required to be output within a period, can better evaluate the heat retention performance of the ready-made clothes under different environmental conditions by combining the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the heat retention performance of ready-made clothes.
Background
The heat retention is one of the most important indexes in the clothing performance, the test of the heat retention is based on GB/T11048-2008 'determination of thermal resistance and wet resistance of textile physiological comfort under steady state conditions', the environmental conditions (temperature 20 ℃ and humidity 65%) in the test method are inconsistent with the actual application scene, the test samples (sewing sample bags) are inconsistent with the actual use products (ready-made clothes), the test results (thermal resistance, wet resistance and Crohn value) are inconsistent with the experience of consumers (heat retention), and therefore the heat retention of the clothing under different environmental conditions in the actual use process cannot be accurately reflected.
Accordingly, the present inventors have made extensive studies to solve the above problems and have made the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for more truly and objectively evaluating the heat preservation performance of ready-made clothes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test and evaluation method of ready-made clothes heat retention performance, which comprises a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method,
the subjective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner: under a steady state environment, dividing the heat sensation characteristics of a tested individual into different grades, after the tested individual wears a garment sample and enters a climate chamber, starting testing after the surface skin temperature and the climate chamber temperature of the tested individual are stable, recording the heat sensation characteristic grade of the tested individual at certain intervals, and counting the proportion value of the heat sensation characteristic grade which accords with comfort, wherein when the proportion value is more than or equal to a certain value, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the proportion value is less than the certain value, the subjective evaluation is unqualified;
the objective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner:
after the warm dummy wearing the ready-made garment is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, recording the average power output by the warm dummy for maintaining the self temperature heat supply at regular intervals, wherein when the average power is less than or equal to a certain value, the objective evaluation is qualified, and when the average power is more than a certain value, the objective evaluation is unqualified;
and judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is qualified when the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation are both qualified, and otherwise judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is unqualified.
In the above scheme, the subjective evaluation method includes the following steps:
step A1: under steady state conditions, the heat sensation characteristics of the subject are divided into a symmetrical seven-step scale with two poles to form a heat sensation table, which is as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
Step A2: after a tested individual enters a climate chamber by wearing a garment sample, testing is started after the skin temperature of the surface of the tested individual and the temperature of the climate chamber are stable, and the subjective test result is recorded according to a response number distribution table of a heat sensation table at regular intervals, wherein the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table is as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | n1 | n2 | n3 | n4 | n5 | n6 | n7 |
Step A3: calculating the thermal sensation comfort probability by the following formula:
in the formula: PTC-thermal sensation comfort probability;
ni-represents the number of replies at a given level, i ═ 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7.
In the scheme, in the step A2, the subjective test result is recorded according to the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table every 5min, the test time is 30min, and each garment needs at least 5 tested individuals for subjective evaluation.
In the scheme, when the thermal sensation comfort probability is more than or equal to 90%, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the thermal sensation comfort probability is less than 90%, the subjective evaluation is unqualified.
In the above scheme, the basic equation for calculating the average power is:
in the formula: pa-average power, W;
pi(t) -instantaneous power, W;
u (t) -instantaneous voltage, V;
i (t) -instantaneous current, A;
t is period;
t-a certain time.
In the scheme, when the temperature of the climate bin is X and X is more than 5 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 27, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 26, the objective evaluation is qualified; judging that the objective evaluation is qualified if the temperature is more than or equal to-5 ℃ and less than or equal to 5 ℃ and the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 35, and judging that the objective evaluation is qualified if the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 30; when the temperature is lower than-15 ℃ and X is lower than-5 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 40, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 44, the objective evaluation is qualified; when the X is less than or equal to minus 15 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 57, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 65, the objective evaluation is qualified.
After the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, the subjective evaluation can directly reflect the experience of consumers, and the basic principle of testing and evaluating the heat retention performance of the ready-made clothes by adopting an average power method in the objective evaluation is that after the heat exchange between a simulated human body and a clothes environment reaches a steady state, the energy required to be emitted or consumed for maintaining the normal skin surface temperature of the human body in unit time, namely the average power required to be output in a period, can better evaluate the heat retention performance of the ready-made clothes under different environmental conditions by combining the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the embodiments.
A test and evaluation method of ready-made clothes heat retention performance, which comprises a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method,
the subjective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner: under a steady state environment, dividing the heat sensation characteristics of the tested individual into different grades, after the tested individual wears a garment sample and enters a climate chamber, starting testing after the surface skin temperature and the climate chamber temperature of the tested individual are stable, recording the heat sensation characteristic grade of the tested individual at certain intervals, and counting the proportion value of the heat sensation characteristic grade which accords with comfort, wherein when the proportion value is more than or equal to a certain value, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the proportion value is less than the certain value, the subjective evaluation is unqualified. In the above scheme, the subjective evaluation method includes the following steps:
step A1: under steady state conditions, the heat sensation characteristics of the subject are divided into a symmetrical seven-step scale with two poles to form a heat sensation table, which is as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
Step A2: after a tested individual enters a climate chamber by wearing a garment sample, testing is started after the skin temperature of the surface of the tested individual and the temperature of the climate chamber are stable, and the subjective test result is recorded according to a response number distribution table of a heat sensation table at regular intervals, wherein the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table is as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | n1 | n2 | n3 | n4 | n5 | n6 | n7 |
Step A3: under a certain steady state environment, physiological and psychological cold and heat feelings are obtained in a specified time after the tested individuals wear the ready-made clothes samples and are subjected to grade evaluation through a heat sensation scale, the proportion of the individuals with the heat sensation evaluation grades of-1, 0 and 1 in the tested population to the total tested population, namely the heat sensation comfort probability is obtained, and the heat sensation comfort probability value is the ready-made clothes heat preservation subjective evaluation result. Calculating the thermal sensation comfort probability by the following formula:
in the formula: PTC-thermal sensation comfort probability;
ni-represents the number of replies at a given level, i ═ 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7.
In the above scheme, in step A2, the subjective test result is recorded according to the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table every 5min, the test time is 30min, and the test is stopped immediately if the two-pole condition in the heat sensation table appears, and each garment needs at least 5 tested individuals for subjective evaluation.
In the scheme, when the thermal sensation comfort probability is more than or equal to 90%, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the thermal sensation comfort probability is less than 90%, the subjective evaluation is unqualified.
The objective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner:
after the warm dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated to enter the dynamic heat balance, the average power of the warm dummy for maintaining the self temperature heat supply output is recorded at regular intervals, and after the warm dummy wearing the sample is heated to enter the dynamic heat balance, the environmental temperature and the average power are detected and recorded at least every 5 minutes, and the state is kept for more than 30 minutes. The pull-on test was repeated 3 times for the same sample, with each test time interval being at least 15 minutes.
When the average power is less than or equal to a certain value, the objective evaluation is qualified, and when the average power is greater than the certain value, the objective evaluation is unqualified;
and judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is qualified when the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation are both qualified, and otherwise judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is unqualified.
Instantaneous power: the energy which needs to be emitted or consumed for maintaining the normal skin surface temperature of a human body at a certain moment is the product of the voltage and the current of a heating power supply at a certain moment, and the product is W.
In the above scheme, the basic equation for calculating the average power is:
in the formula: pa-average power, W;
pi(t) -instantaneous power, W;
u (t) -instantaneous voltage, V;
i (t) -instantaneous current, A;
t is period;
t-a certain time.
The system for evaluating the warming function of the ready-made clothes is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the test garment was: a cotton-padded garment (175/92A); 5 male test subjects participated in the test, with specific height, weight and health status as follows:
| tester number | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 |
| Height (cm) | 174.0 | 175.3 | 174.8 | 176.1 | 175.0 |
| Body weight (kg) | 74.0 | 72.3 | 73.0 | 75.2 | 76.0 |
| Age (Zhou sui) | 26 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 28 |
| State of health | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care |
The temperature of the climate chamber is as follows: 10 ℃.
Heat sensation scale for 5 testers at different time points, as follows:
the heat sensation table response number distribution table is filled in according to the test results as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
The thermal comfort probability is calculated as:
and (28+2)/30 × 100%, (100%), and determining that the PTC is qualified.
After the body warming dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, the average power of the body warming dummy for maintaining the self temperature for heat supply output is recorded every 5min, and the following table is shown:
taking the average value of five average powers as 22.8, and comprehensively judging whether the average value is qualified: and (4) passing. Example two
The test garment was: a cotton-padded garment (165/88A); 5 female test subjects participated in the test, with specific height, weight and health status as follows:
| tester number | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 |
| Height (cm) | 164.5 | 165.4 | 164.8 | 166.0 | 165.7 |
| Body weight (kg) | 49.0 | 51.3 | 47.5 | 53.2 | 51.0 |
| Age (Zhou sui) | 26 | 25 | 25 | 27 | 24 |
| State of health | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care |
The temperature of the climate chamber is as follows: 10 ℃.
Heat sensation scale for 5 testers at different time points, as follows:
the heat sensation table response number distribution table is filled in according to the test results as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | 0 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
The thermal comfort probability is calculated as:
the PTC was determined to be acceptable when (2+26+2)/30 × 100% was 100%.
After the body warming dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, the average power of the body warming dummy for maintaining the self temperature for heat supply output is recorded every 5min, and the following table is shown:
taking the average value of five average powers as 23.4, judging to be qualified, and comprehensively judging: and (4) passing. EXAMPLE III
The difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is that the temperature of the climate chamber is as follows: -5 ℃, test data as follows:
heat sensation scale for 5 testers at different time points, as follows:
the heat sensation table response number distribution table is filled in according to the test results as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | 5 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The thermal comfort probability is calculated as:
and (6+9)/30 × 100%, (50%), and determining that the PTC is not acceptable.
After the body warming dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, the average power of the body warming dummy for maintaining the self temperature for heat supply output is recorded every 5min, and the following table is shown:
and taking the average value of the five average powers as 42.0, judging that the power is unqualified, and comprehensively judging that the power is unqualified.
Example four
The test garment was: a down jacket (175/92A); 5 male test subjects participated in the test, with specific height, weight and health status as follows:
| tester number | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 |
| Height (cm) | 174.0 | 175.3 | 174.8 | 176.1 | 175.0 |
| Body weight (kg) | 74.0 | 72.3 | 73.0 | 75.2 | 76.0 |
| Age (Zhou sui) | 26 | 27 | 25 | 26 | 28 |
| State of health | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care | Health care |
The temperature of the climate chamber is as follows: -10 ℃.
Heat sensation scale for 5 testers at different time points, as follows:
the heat sensation table response number distribution table is filled in according to the test results as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | 0 | 0 | 3 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The thermal comfort probability is calculated as:
the PTC was determined to be acceptable when (3+27)/30 × 100% was 100%.
After the body warming dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, the average power of the body warming dummy for maintaining the self temperature for heat supply output is recorded every 5min, and the following table is shown:
taking the average value of five average powers as 34.5, judging to be qualified, and comprehensively judging: and (4) passing.
EXAMPLE five
The fifth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the temperature of the climate chamber is as follows: -25 ℃. The test data are as follows:
heat sensation scale for 5 testers at different time points, as follows:
the heat sensation table response number distribution table is filled in according to the test results as follows:
| thermal sensation | Is very cold | Cold | Cool down | (Comfort) | Heating device | Heat generation | Is very hot |
| Grade | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| Answer number n | 3 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The thermal comfort probability is calculated as:
the PTC was determined to be not good when (9+11)/30 × 100%: 66.7%.
After the body warming dummy wearing the ready-made clothes is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, the average power of the body warming dummy for maintaining the self temperature for heat supply output is recorded every 5min, and the following table is shown:
taking the average value of five average powers as 66.6, judging that the power is unqualified, and comprehensively judging: and (7) failing to be qualified.
By adopting the testing and evaluating method, before the heat retention test of the ready-made clothes, the corresponding climate chamber temperature is selected according to the suggestion of the temperature of the wearing environment of the ready-made clothes provided by the manufacturer, and the testing and evaluation are carried out at the climate chamber temperature.
The product form of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and any suitable changes or modifications of the similar ideas by anyone should be construed as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for testing and evaluating the thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method,
the subjective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner: under a steady state environment, dividing the heat sensation characteristics of a tested individual into different grades, after the tested individual wears a garment sample and enters a climate chamber, starting testing after the surface skin temperature and the climate chamber temperature of the tested individual are stable, recording the heat sensation characteristic grade of the tested individual at certain intervals, and counting the proportion value of the heat sensation characteristic grade which accords with comfort, wherein when the proportion value is more than or equal to a certain value, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the proportion value is less than the certain value, the subjective evaluation is unqualified;
the objective evaluation method is carried out in the following manner:
after the warm dummy wearing the ready-made garment is heated until the dynamic heat balance is achieved, recording the average power output by the warm dummy for maintaining the self temperature heat supply at regular intervals, wherein when the average power is less than or equal to a certain value, the objective evaluation is qualified, and when the average power is more than a certain value, the objective evaluation is unqualified;
and judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is qualified when the subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation are both qualified, and otherwise judging that the heat retention of the ready-made clothes is unqualified.
2. The method for testing and evaluating the thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the subjective evaluation method comprises the following steps:
step A1: under steady state conditions, the heat sensation characteristics of the subject are divided into a symmetrical seven-step scale with two poles to form a heat sensation table, which is as follows:
Step A2: after a tested individual enters a climate chamber by wearing a garment sample, testing is started after the skin temperature of the surface of the tested individual and the temperature of the climate chamber are stable, and the subjective test result is recorded according to a response number distribution table of a heat sensation table at regular intervals, wherein the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table is as follows:
Step A3: calculating the thermal sensation comfort probability by the following formula:
in the formula: PTC-thermal sensation comfort probability;
ni-represents the number of replies at a given level, i ═ 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7.
3. The method for testing and evaluating the thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step A2, the subjective test results are recorded according to the response number distribution table of the heat sensation table every 5min, the test time is 30min, and each garment needs at least 5 tested individuals for subjective evaluation.
4. A method for testing and evaluating the warmth retention property of ready-made clothes according to claim 3, characterized in that: and when the thermal sensation comfort probability is more than or equal to 90%, the subjective evaluation is qualified, and when the thermal sensation comfort probability is less than 90%, the subjective evaluation is unqualified.
5. The method for testing and evaluating the thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the basic equation for calculating the average power is:
in the formula: pa-average power, W;
pi(t) -instantaneous power, W;
u (t) -instantaneous voltage, V;
i (t) -instantaneous current, A;
t is period;
t-a certain time.
6. The method for testing and evaluating the thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the climate bin is X and X is more than 5 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 27, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 26, the objective evaluation is qualified; judging that the objective evaluation is qualified if the temperature is more than or equal to-5 ℃ and less than or equal to 5 ℃ and the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 35, and judging that the objective evaluation is qualified if the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 30; when the temperature is lower than-15 ℃ and X is lower than-5 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 40, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 44, the objective evaluation is qualified; when the X is less than or equal to minus 15 ℃, the average power of the men's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 57, the objective evaluation is qualified, and the average power of the women's ready-made clothes is less than or equal to 65, the objective evaluation is qualified.
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