CN113969181B - Device and method for separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil - Google Patents
Device and method for separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113969181B CN113969181B CN202010723078.1A CN202010723078A CN113969181B CN 113969181 B CN113969181 B CN 113969181B CN 202010723078 A CN202010723078 A CN 202010723078A CN 113969181 B CN113969181 B CN 113969181B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G32/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using microorganisms
- C10G32/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using microorganisms by electric or magnetic means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil, wherein the device comprises: the settling unit is mainly provided with a settling tank, the settling tank receives the mixed feeding of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and the settling agent, and solid particles with large particle sizes are settled and separated under the heating condition and the magnetic action; the magnetic separation unit is characterized in that the main body of the magnetic separation unit is a separation cylinder, the separation cylinder receives oil slurry from a settling tank, a plurality of layers of magnetic gathering media are arranged in the separation cylinder, a magnetic field generating device is arranged outside the separation cylinder, so that a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separation cylinder, and magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes are adsorbed on the magnetic gathering media by the high gradient magnetic field. The device and the method realize the separation of the magnetic particles in the oil slurry by using the magnetic separator, have small equipment investment and simple process flow, and can effectively prolong the operation period of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a device and a method for separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil.
Background
A large amount of oil slurry is produced as a byproduct every year in a catalytic cracking device in China, and the current utilization mode is poor in economical efficiency. The oil slurry has high density and relative molecular mass, wherein the short side chain aromatic hydrocarbon content is high, and the oil slurry is an ideal raw material for producing high value-added chemical products such as modified asphalt, needle coke, carbon black, rubber softener, carbon fiber material and the like. However, the oil slurry has high solid particle content, and if the oil slurry is directly subjected to secondary processing and utilization, the product property is poor, so that the key point of the high value-added utilization of the oil slurry is to separate the solid particles from the oil slurry. The solid particles in the slurry are smaller in particle size, are mostly fine powder substances, are irregularly distributed in a blocky manner, and mainly comprise hydrocarbon compounds (coke powder) with higher boiling points, inorganic salts, heavy metals, fine powder (with the particle size of 0-80 mu m) of a silicon-aluminum catalyst and the like.
At present, the separation method for solid particles of catalytic cracking slurry at home and abroad mainly comprises a natural settling method, a filtering separation method, an electrostatic separation method, a centrifugal separation method and the like, wherein the natural settling method is simple to operate, but has poor separation effect; the electrostatic separation method has high operation cost, the separation efficiency is low when the content of colloid and asphaltene in the oil slurry is high, and particles smaller than 20 mu m are difficult to remove; the centrifugal separation method utilizes centrifugal force to separate particles larger than 10 mu m, but has large equipment investment and difficult maintenance. Compared with the prior art, the filtration method has the advantages of simple equipment, less investment and strong adaptability, so that the filtration method is mostly adopted at home and abroad to separate solid particles in the catalytic cracking slurry oil. The slurry filtering technology is to remove solid particles in slurry by sintering a wire mesh filter element and sintering a powder filter element, and the slurry has the characteristics of low temperature and high viscosity, so that the filter element for filtering is easy to block and needs to be cleaned frequently.
CN107617239A discloses a method for removing catalyst powder from heavy catalytic cracking slurry oil, a settling agent is added into preheated slurry oil, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out after uniform mixing, so that the removal of the catalyst powder is realized. In order to realize a good removal effect, the settling time needs to be more than 12 h, and the application in practical production is difficult.
CN109868156A discloses a catalytic cracking slurry oil filtering device and a method, wherein the catalytic cracking slurry oil is repeatedly and circularly filtered between a slurry oil raw material tank and a two-layer membrane filter, so that purified slurry oil is obtained. The filter element of the two-layer membrane filter is made of metal material, and solid particles are continuously deposited on the surface of a material membrane to form a filter cake along with continuous filtration, so that the filter element is easily blocked.
The magnetic separation technology is a separation technology which utilizes the difference of magnetic potential between substances and processes the substances by means of an external magnetic field so as to strengthen the separation process. According to the difference of external magnetic field sources, the separation can be divided into permanent magnetic separation, electromagnetic separation and superconducting magnetic separation. Due to the rapid and efficient separation effect, the method has been widely researched and applied in the fields of tailing sorting, biotechnology, water treatment, water ecological restoration and the like. The magnetic separation technology is not widely applied to the field of petrochemical industry at present, and is not applied to separation of solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil. Considering that the prior art of the solid particles can not be efficiently separated, the magnetic separation technology needs to be applied to the field urgently, so that the problems of large equipment investment and complex flow of the oil-slurry solid particle separation device in the prior art can be effectively solved, and the problem that a filtering facility is easy to block in the operation process of the oil-slurry solid particle removal device in the prior art can be effectively solved.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a separation device and a separation method for magnetically separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil, which utilize a magnetic separator to realize the separation of magnetic particles in the slurry oil, have small equipment investment and simple process flow and can effectively prolong the operation period of the device.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating solid particles from a catalytic cracking slurry oil, comprising: the settling unit is mainly provided with a settling tank, the settling tank receives mixed feeding of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and a settling agent, and solid particles with large particle sizes are settled and separated under the heating condition and the magnetic action; the magnetic separation unit is characterized in that the main body of the magnetic separation unit is a separation cylinder, the separation cylinder receives oil slurry from a settling tank, a plurality of layers of magnetic gathering media are arranged in the separation cylinder, a magnetic field generating device is arranged outside the separation cylinder, so that a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separation cylinder, and magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes are adsorbed on the magnetic gathering media by the high gradient magnetic field.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the separating cylinder may be an aluminum cylinder, and the magnetism-collecting medium may be a stainless steel grating. The stainless steel wire diameter of the grid may be 0.45 to 0.55mm; the stainless steel wire spacing may be 1.5 to 2.5mm; the spacing between adjacent layers of the grid may be 10 to 15mm.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the stainless steel wires of adjacent layers of grids are arranged in a staggered manner in the extending direction.
Further, in the above technical solution, an included angle between stainless steel wires of adjacent layers of grids in the extending direction is 0 to 90 °, and preferably 45 °.
Further, in the above technical solution, the magnetic field generating device includes: the first magnet is arranged on the outer wall surface of the separation cylinder and used for generating a uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction distributed in the separation cylinder; and a second magnet disposed outside the first magnet for generating a horizontally uniform magnetic field distributed in the separation cylinder.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first magnet is an electromagnetic induction coil wound around the outer wall of the separation cylinder; the second magnet is a magnet outer cylinder consisting of an electromagnet; the uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction and the uniform magnetic field in the horizontal direction are alternately generated, specifically, the magnetic field intensity between the upper part and the lower part and between the left part and the right part of the grid stainless steel wire in the separating cylinder is alternately enhanced, and the uniform adsorption of small-particle-size magnetic solid particles in the separating cylinder is realized. The magnet outer cylinder can be made of copper wires wound on an annular iron core.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the magnetic field strength of the vertical uniform magnetic field and the horizontal uniform magnetic field is 0.6T; the alternating switching time of the two is 60 to 180s.
Further, in the above technical solution, the apparatus of the present invention may further include: and the flushing unit is connected with the feeding hole of the separation cylinder and is used for flushing the magnetic solid particles with small particle size after the magnetic adsorption force is lost into the collection tank.
Further, in the above technical solution, the sedimentation agent may include a flocculant, a viscosity reducer, and an electrolyte. The flocculating agent can adopt one or the combination of more than two of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyoxypropylene and polymeric silicate; the viscosity reducer can adopt polyacrylic acid high-carbon esters; the electrolyte may be an aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt. The addition amount of the flocculating agent is 500-800ppm of the oil slurry; the addition amount of the viscosity reducer is 50-100ppm of the mass of the oil slurry, and the addition amount of the electrolyte is 200-300ppm of the mass of the oil slurry.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the settling tank can be made of stainless steel, and a heating resistance wire is wound outside the tank body of the settling tank; the bottom of the tank body is provided with a permanent magnet, and two sides of the bottom of the tank body are provided with vibrators. The working temperature in the settling tank is 90-100 ℃; the settling time was 3 hours.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for separating solid particles from a catalytic cracking slurry oil, comprising the steps of: the mixed feeding of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and the settling agent is received by a settling tank of a settling unit, and solid particles with large particle size are settled and separated under the heating condition and the magnetic action; the oil slurry from the settling tank is received by a separating cylinder of the magnetic separating unit, a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separating cylinder by a magnetic field generating device outside the separating cylinder, and the high gradient magnetic field adsorbs magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes to a magnetism collecting medium which is arranged in the separating cylinder in a layered mode.
Furthermore, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, magnetic field generating device produces the even magnetic field of vertical direction and the even magnetic field of horizontal direction, and two even magnetic fields alternate action are on the magnetic medium that gathers that the layering set up for gather magnetic medium magnetic field intensity between about and strengthen in turn, realize the even absorption of small-particle size magnetic solid particle in the knockout drum.
Further, in the above technical solution, the method may further include a washing step of washing the magnetic solid particles with the small particle size, which have lost the magnetic adsorption force, into a collection tank by a washing unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) Before magnetic separation, the catalytic cracking slurry oil is subjected to sedimentation treatment, so that solid particles with large particle sizes in the slurry oil can be effectively removed, and the problems of low separation efficiency, easy grid blockage and the like in the subsequent magnetic separation process are solved;
2) The catalytic cracking slurry oil is uniformly mixed with the settling agent before feeding, and the addition of the settling agent obviously shortens the natural settling time of solid particles depending on gravity; an external magnet is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank to accelerate the settling of the magnetic solid particles;
3) The viscosity of the catalytic cracking slurry oil is high, the magnetic separation cylinder is internally provided with the layered grids, and the extension directions of stainless steel wires of each layer of grids are staggered at an angle, so that the slurry oil is not easy to block when passing through; the grid is placed in a magnetic field to be magnetized, and the surface of the grid can generate a high gradient magnetic field, so that magnetic particles are adsorbed to the grid in the flowing process, and the separation of the magnetic particles in the catalytic cracking oil slurry is realized.
4) The two magnetic field generating devices work alternately, so that the magnetic field intensity between the upper layer and the lower layer and between the left layer and the right layer of the stainless steel wires of the grids in the separating cylinder are enhanced alternately, the adsorption of each layer of the grids is more uniform, a large amount of particles are prevented from directly staying between the grids of the upper layer and cannot flow downwards, and the separating cylinder is blocked in advance under the condition that the integral adsorption saturation is not achieved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a separation device for solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a separator cartridge in a magnetic separation unit of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a stainless steel grid in the separation cylinder of the magnetic separation unit of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-a settling unit, 11-a settling tank, 111-a vibrator, and 112-a permanent magnet; 2-magnetic separation unit, 21-separation cylinder, 210-stainless steel grating, 22-electromagnetic induction coil, 23-magnet outer cylinder; 3-flushing the unit.
A-oil slurry and a settling agent are mixed and fed, B-upper-layer oil slurry is discharged after settling, C-solid particles are discharged after settling, D-the bottom of a separation cylinder is discharged, and E-flushing liquid is fed.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc., will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The articles may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the device for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of the present invention comprises a settling unit 1 and a magnetic separation unit 2. After the catalytic cracking slurry oil is primarily settled to separate out solid particles with large particle sizes, the slurry oil continuously enters the magnetic separation unit 2 to carry out magnetic adsorption on the solid particles with small particle sizes, and the slurry oil after magnetic separation flows into the slurry oil tank through the outlet pipe.
As further shown in fig. 1, the main body of the settling unit 1 is a settling tank 11, the settling tank 11 receives a mixed feed a of catalytic cracking slurry oil and a settling agent, and the mixed feed a is heated and magnetically acted to settle and separate solid particles with large particle size. In addition to the settling tank 11, the settling unit 1 comprises permanent magnets 112, a vibrator 111 and corresponding piping. The permanent magnet 112 is located at the bottom of the tank, and the vibrator 111 is located at both sides of the bottom of the tank. Preferably, but not restrictively, the settling tank 11 is made of SUS304 stainless steel, and a heating resistance wire is wound around the outside of the tank body of the settling tank 11 to heat the tank body. The maximum magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 112 is 0.6T. The mixed feed A of the oil slurry and the settling agent enters the settling tank 11 through the feed inlet, the solid particles with large particle size are settled and separated under the action of gravity and the settling agent, the settling process is accelerated under the action of the settling agent and the magnetic force of the bottom permanent magnet 112, and at the moment, the coke powder with large particle size, the catalyst particles and part of the magnetic particles with small particle size are settled to the bottom of the tank body. And winding a heating resistance wire outside the settling tank 11 to heat and preserve heat, maintaining the temperature of the whole settling unit at 90-100 ℃, allowing the upper layer oil slurry discharge B to enter the magnetic separation unit 2 from the discharge port after 3-hour settling, and discharging the settled solid particle discharge C into the solid particle collection tank from the bottom discharge port. The vibrator 111 can prevent solid particles from depositing at the bottom of the tank body and being unfavorable for discharge, and the vibration frequency of the vibrator 111 is not too high, so that the influence on the settling process of the upper-layer solid particles is avoided.
The oil slurry settling agent comprises a flocculating agent, a viscosity reducer, an electrolyte and the like. The flocculating agent is organic or inorganic polymer, including but not limited to polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyoxypropylene, one or the combination of more than two of polysilicate, and the addition amount of flocculating agent is 500-800ppm of the oil slurry quality. The viscosity reducer is polyacrylic acid high-carbon ester, the viscosity of the oil slurry is high, the sedimentation process of the catalyst particles is hindered, the viscosity of the oil slurry can be reduced by adopting the polyacrylic acid high-carbon ester, the sedimentation of the catalyst particles is promoted, and the addition amount of the viscosity reducer is 50-100ppm of the mass of the oil slurry. The electrolyte is aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt, the electrostatic repulsion between particles can be reduced by adding the electrolyte, the surface charge quantity and distribution are changed, the particles are easy to collide and combine, and the adding amount of the electrolyte is 200-300ppm of the mass of the oil slurry.
As further shown in fig. 1, the main body of the magnetic separation unit 2 is a separation cylinder 21, and the number of the separation cylinders 21 may be one or more, two are illustrated in fig. 1. The separation drum 21 receives the slurry oil from the settling tank 11, i.e. the settled upper layer slurry oil discharge B. Preferably, but not limitatively, the separating cylinder is made of aluminium material. The separation cylinder 21 is internally provided with a plurality of layers of magnetic gathering media, and the magnetic gathering media can adopt a stainless steel grating 210. In the embodiment of the present invention, the separation cylinder 21 has a length of 800 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm, and the stainless steel grating 210 is made of SUS430 stainless steel. After sedimentation, the upper layer oil slurry discharge B flows into the separation cylinder 21 through a downcomer, and the oil slurry passes through the built-in grids 210 which are arranged in a transverse layered mode, and each layer of grids is provided with stainless steel wires which are arranged in parallel. Preferably, but not limitatively, the stainless steel wires of adjacent layer grids extend in a staggered manner. As shown in fig. 3, the angle α between the extending directions of the stainless steel wires of the adjacent layer grids is 0 to 90 °, preferably 45 °, that is, the stainless steel wires of the first layer 210a are transversely arranged, the second layer 210b is inclined by 45 °, the third layer 210c is inclined by 45 °, the stainless steel wires are vertically arranged, and the like for the fourth layer 210 d. The diameter of the grating is 100mm, the diameter of the stainless steel wire is 0-1 mm, and preferably 0.45-0.55 mm; as further shown in FIG. 3, the wire spacing d is 0 to 6 mm, preferably 1.5 to 2.5mm; the spacing L between adjacent layers of the grid is 0 to 30mm, preferably 10 to 15mm. The extending directions of the stainless steel wires of the adjacent layers of the grids are staggered, so that the magnetic particles in the oil slurry can be more effectively removed. The grids are regularly arranged in the separation cylinder 21 from top to bottom at a certain arrangement angle, the interaction between the stainless steel wires is strongest when the grid size, the arrangement angle and the arrangement interval are within the above-mentioned preferred range, and the strong interaction bends the magnetic lines of force in the space as much as possible, resulting in a wider distribution of the magnetic field strength on the vertical surface.
The separation cylinder 21 is externally provided with a magnetic field generating device, and due to the existence of the stainless steel grating 210, a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separation cylinder 21, and the high gradient magnetic field can adsorb magnetic solid particles with small particle size on the stainless steel grating 210 (i.e. magnetic gathering medium). The high gradient magnetic field is that in the uniform magnetic field, the magnetic medium such as steel wool and steel plate net is set, so that after being magnetized, the radial surface can produce a highly non-uniform magnetic field, i.e. a high-gradient magnetized magnetic field.
As further shown in fig. 1 and 2, the magnetic field generating device is composed of a first magnet and a second magnet, the first magnet is disposed on the outer wall surface of the separation cylinder 21 and is used for generating a uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction distributed in the separation cylinder 21, and the first magnet can adopt an electromagnetic induction coil 22 wound outside the separation cylinder 21; the second magnet is disposed outside the first magnet for generating a horizontally uniform magnetic field distributed in the separation cylinder 21. The second magnet can adopt a magnet outer cylinder 23, and the magnet outer cylinder 23 is an electromagnet and is made of a copper wire wound by a ring-shaped iron core. The electromagnetic induction coil 22 and the electromagnet outer cylinder 23 form horizontal and vertical magnetic fields having a magnetic field strength of 0.6T. The electromagnetic induction coil 22 and the electromagnet outer cylinder 23 are alternately powered on and powered off, and the switching operation is performed every 60 to 180 seconds. The uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction and the uniform magnetic field in the horizontal direction are alternately generated, so that the magnetic field intensity between the upper part and the lower part and between the left part and the right part of the grid stainless steel wire in the separation cylinder is alternately enhanced, and the uniform adsorption of small-particle-size magnetic solid particles in the separation cylinder 21 is realized. The two magnetic field generating devices work alternately, so that the magnetic field intensity between the upper layer and the lower layer and between the left layer and the right layer of the grid stainless steel wires is enhanced alternately, a large amount of particles can be effectively prevented from directly staying between grids on the upper layer and cannot flow downwards any more, and the separation cylinder 21 is prevented from being blocked in advance under the condition that the integral adsorption saturation is not achieved.
As further shown in fig. 1, after the magnetic solid particles with small particle size are adsorbed by the magnetic separation unit 2, the oil slurry forms a separation cylinder bottom discharge D and flows out of the apparatus of the present invention. After the magnetic separation treatment is carried out for a period of time, the surface of the grid in the separation cylinder 21 is carried out along with the magnetic separation process, the adsorbed magnetic solid particles are continuously increased, the pressure difference inside and outside the cylinder is continuously increased, and when the pressure difference is increased to a certain degree, the cylinder is washed. The flushing unit 3 is connected to the inlet opening of the separation cylinder 21 and during the flushing phase the slurry inlet valve and the outlet valve at the bottom of the separation cylinder 21 are first closed. The power supply of the electromagnetic generating device is cut off, so that the high gradient electromagnetic field disappears, solid particles (such as catalyst particles) adsorbed on the surface of the grating fall off from the surface due to the disappearance of magnetic adsorption force, the washing liquid feeding valve is opened, the washing liquid feeding E enters the separation cylinder, the solid particles on the surface of the grating are washed, the bottom discharging valve is opened simultaneously, and the washed magnetic solid particles are introduced into the magnetic particle collecting tank.
Example 2
The method for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil comprises the following steps:
step 101, the settling tank 11 of the settling unit 1 receives the mixed feed of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and the settling agent, and solid particles with large particle size are settled and separated through heating and magnetic force. The temperature of the whole sedimentation unit is maintained at 90-100 ℃, the sedimentation time is 3 hours, and the magnetic field intensity is 0.6T. Through the settling step, the coke powder with large particle size, the catalyst particles and part of the magnetic particles with small particle size are settled to the bottom of the tank body;
102, receiving the oil slurry from the settling tank 11 through the separation cylinder 21 of the magnetic separation unit 2, and forming a high gradient magnetic field in the separation cylinder through a magnetic field generating device outside the separation cylinder, wherein the high gradient magnetic field adsorbs magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes on a magnetic gathering medium which is arranged in the separation cylinder in a layered mode. Further, the magnetic field generating device generates a uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction and a uniform magnetic field in the horizontal direction, and the two uniform magnetic fields alternately act on the magnetic gathering medium arranged in layers, so that the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic gathering medium is alternately enhanced between the upper part and the lower part and between the left part and the right part, and the uniform adsorption of small-particle-size magnetic solid particles in the separation cylinder 21 is realized.
Step 103, a rinsing step. In the flushing phase, the slurry feed valve and the bottom outlet valve of the separation cylinder 21 are first closed. And cutting off the power supply of the electromagnetic generating device to eliminate the high gradient electromagnetic field, so that the solid particles (such as catalyst particles) adsorbed on the surface of the grating can fall off from the surface due to the disappearance of the magnetic adsorption force, and at the moment, flushing the solid particles on the surface of the grating, and simultaneously opening the bottom discharge valve to introduce the flushed magnetic solid particles into the magnetic particle collecting tank.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. An apparatus for separating solid particles from a catalytic cracking slurry oil, comprising:
the settling unit is mainly provided with a settling tank, the settling tank receives mixed feeding of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and a settling agent, and solid particles with large particle sizes are settled and separated under the heating condition and the magnetic action;
the magnetic separation unit is mainly provided with a separation cylinder, the separation cylinder receives the oil slurry from the settling tank, a plurality of layers of magnetism gathering media are arranged in the separation cylinder, a magnetic field generating device is arranged outside the separation cylinder, so that a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separation cylinder, and the high gradient magnetic field enables magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes to be adsorbed on the magnetism gathering media; the magnetism gathering medium is a stainless steel grating; the extension directions of the stainless steel wires of the adjacent layers of the grids are staggered.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separator drum is an aluminum cylinder.
3. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 2, wherein the stainless steel wires of the grating have a diameter of 0.45 to 0.55mm; the spacing between the stainless steel wires is 1.5-2.5 mm; the distance between the grids of adjacent layers is 10 to 15mm.
4. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the extending directions of the stainless steel wires of the grids in adjacent layers is 0-90 °.
5. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generator comprises:
the first magnet is arranged on the outer wall surface of the separation cylinder and used for generating a uniform magnetic field in the vertical direction distributed in the separation cylinder;
and a second magnet disposed outside the first magnet for generating a horizontally uniform magnetic field distributed in the separation cylinder.
6. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 5, wherein the first magnet is an electromagnetic induction coil wound on the outer wall of the separation cylinder; the second magnet is a magnet outer cylinder consisting of electromagnets; the vertical uniform magnetic field and the horizontal uniform magnetic field are alternately generated and used for driving the magnetic solid particles with small particle size to be uniformly adsorbed on each layer of the magnetism-gathering medium.
7. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 6, wherein the magnet outer cylinder is made of copper wire wound ring iron core.
8. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 6, wherein the vertical uniform magnetic field and the horizontal uniform magnetic field have a magnetic field strength of 0.6T and an alternate switching time of 60 to 180s.
9. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 1, further comprising:
and the flushing unit is connected with the feeding hole of the separation cylinder and is used for flushing the magnetic solid particles with small particle size after the magnetic adsorption force is lost into the collection tank.
10. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 1, wherein the settling agent comprises a flocculant, a viscosity reducer and an electrolyte.
11. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 10, wherein the flocculant is one or a combination of two or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, polyoxypropylene and polymeric silicate; the viscosity reducer is polyacrylic acid high-carbon ester; the electrolyte is aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt.
12. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 11, wherein the flocculant is added in an amount of 500-800ppm by mass of the slurry oil; the addition amount of the viscosity reducer is 50-100ppm of the mass of the oil slurry, and the addition amount of the electrolyte is 200-300ppm of the mass of the oil slurry.
13. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 1, wherein the settling tank is made of stainless steel, and heating resistance wires are wound outside the tank body of the settling tank; the bottom of the tank body is provided with a permanent magnet, and two sides of the bottom of the tank body are provided with vibrators.
14. The apparatus for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil according to claim 13, wherein the operating temperature in the settling tank is 90-100 ℃; the settling time was 3 hours.
15. A method for separating solid particles in catalytic cracking slurry oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the mixed feeding of the catalytic cracking slurry oil and the settling agent is received by a settling tank of a settling unit, and solid particles with large particle size are settled and separated under the heating condition and the magnetic action;
the oil slurry from the settling tank is received by a separating cylinder of a magnetic separating unit, a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the separating cylinder by a magnetic field generating device outside the separating cylinder, and the high gradient magnetic field adsorbs magnetic solid particles with small particle sizes on a magnetism gathering medium which is arranged in the separating cylinder in a layered mode; the magnetism gathering medium is a stainless steel grating; the extending directions of the stainless steel wires of the adjacent layers of the grids are staggered.
16. The method for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 15, wherein the magnetic field generator generates a vertical uniform magnetic field and a horizontal uniform magnetic field, and the two uniform magnetic fields alternately act on the layered magnetic medium to drive the small-sized magnetic solid particles to be uniformly adsorbed on each layer of the magnetic medium.
17. The method for separating solid particles from catalytic cracking slurry oil of claim 15 or 16, further comprising a washing step of washing the magnetic solid particles with small particle size after losing magnetic adsorption force into a collection tank by a washing unit.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433838A (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2003-08-06 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Method and equipment for separating synthetic oil and catalyst in slurry reactor |
| CN108587678A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳市广昌达石油添加剂有限公司 | The removal methods of catalyst granules in catalytic cracked oil pulp sedimentation agent and catalytic cracked oil pulp |
| CN210815695U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-06-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | High gradient magnetic separator and magnetic separation system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433838A (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2003-08-06 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Method and equipment for separating synthetic oil and catalyst in slurry reactor |
| CN108587678A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳市广昌达石油添加剂有限公司 | The removal methods of catalyst granules in catalytic cracked oil pulp sedimentation agent and catalytic cracked oil pulp |
| CN210815695U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-06-23 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | High gradient magnetic separator and magnetic separation system |
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