CN113968632A

CN113968632A - Water purifying bag

Info

Publication number: CN113968632A
Application number: CN202111150343.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李新洋; 姚宏; 陈凯颖; 石九合; 刘海博
Original assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-09-29
Filing date: 2021-09-29
Publication date: 2022-01-25

Abstract

The invention provides a water purification bag, which belongs to the technical field of water purification equipment and comprises a water inlet arranged on a bag body of the water purification bag; a cavity surrounded by the inner supporting layer is arranged in the water purifying bag body; a pre-filtering layer is coated outside the inner supporting layer, and a biological membrane filtering layer is arranged between the pre-filtering layer and the inner supporting layer; the water purifying bag body is provided with a water outlet pipe; one end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the pre-filtering layer, the biomembrane filtering layer and the inner supporting layer in sequence and extends into the cavity. According to the invention, the pre-filtering layer is utilized to realize preliminary filtering work on water flow, the biomembrane filtering layer can realize fine filtering work on water flow, and the inner supporting layer plays an integral supporting role; the principle of forward osmosis and reverse osmosis technologies is fully combined, and the water flux of unit time is increased by internally arranging the sports beverage powder under the condition of not influencing the screening effect; external pressurization may be applied to allow the water stream to pass through the various filtration layers more quickly under the dual effects of forward osmosis and pressure.

Description

Water purifying bag

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water purification equipment, in particular to a field emergency water purification bag based on a biological membrane material and a water purification method.

Background

The forward osmosis technology is a membrane separation process which spontaneously realizes water transfer by taking osmotic pressure difference at two sides of a selective osmosis membrane as a driving force. Forward osmosis processes have many unique advantages over pressure driven membrane separation processes such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in nature, such as low energy consumption required and the ability to operate at low or even no pressure; the method has good separation effect, and can realize high interception on a plurality of pollutants; the membrane contamination probability is low; the membrane separation process and the required equipment are simple and economical, etc.

However, how to prepare a forward osmosis membrane capable of providing high water flux and high salt rejection rate is a problem to be solved urgently. As a novel technology, a great deal of research is carried out in many foreign countries at present, while the research in China is just started, and although articles for introducing the technology begin in the last two years, the technology is not systematic or accurate enough.

A method for preparing a forward osmosis membrane by using cellulose acetate as a membrane forming material and using a polyester screen as a supporting material is introduced in Lioli et al (preparation of the cellulose acetate forward osmosis membrane and performance research thereof), but the preparation process is complex, the process requirement is high, and the method is not convenient for large-scale commercial production. Currently commercially available FO membranes are made from Cellulose Triacetate (CTA) and degrade when exposed to ammonium bicarbonate draw solutions. In addition, cellulose acetate membranes have relatively low permeability to pure water, which limits their use for desalting.

The biological membrane is a pure natural green filter material. It has the following advantages: in terms of quantity, due to the huge demands of food processing, sports equipment and musical instrument manufacturing industries, biological membranes are various and very easy to obtain; in the aspect of price, the biological membrane is an organic material which is harmless to the environment, and the manufacturing cost is very low.

The application of forward osmosis technology in emergency water and seawater desalination is common. Because the open-air living environment is comparatively abominable, and the water resource lacks, and inside contains a large amount of impurity, causes the healthy problem easily during the use, consequently at the in-process that uses, needs carry out purification treatment to the water resource. The forward osmosis technology is applied to the field water purification process, so that the high-efficiency membrane filtration effect under the low energy consumption requirement can be realized. Most of the prior domestic forward osmosis water purification bag patents (application number: 201720370777.6) directly use the existing forward osmosis membrane, only partially improve the structure of the water purification bag, have high manufacturing cost, do not further explain the manufacturing process of the forward osmosis membrane and have low operability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water purifying bag and a water purifying method, which can improve the water purifying effect by attaching sports beverage powder in a biological membrane material and utilizing the forward osmosis principle to increase the osmotic pressure at the inner side of a filtering layer of the biological membrane so that water molecules can pass through the biological membrane material and large-particle substances such as sludge and the like are intercepted, thereby solving at least one technical problem in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a water purification bag, comprising:

a clean water bag body; the clean water bag body is provided with a water inlet;

a cavity surrounded by an internal supporting layer is arranged in the water purifying bag body;

a pre-filtering layer is coated outside the inner supporting layer, and a biological membrane filtering layer is arranged between the pre-filtering layer and the inner supporting layer;

the clean water bag body is provided with a water outlet pipe; one end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the pre-filtering layer, the biological membrane filtering layer and the internal supporting layer in sequence and extends into the cavity.

Preferably, the clean water enclosure is made of polyethylene material or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.

Preferably, a valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe.

Preferably, a sealing plug is arranged at the inlet of the water inlet.

Preferably, the inner wall of the sealing plug is provided with a protruding lock catch, and the outer wall of the water inlet is provided with a locking groove matched with the lock catch.

Preferably, the pre-filter layer is made of a nylon mesh material or a cellulose acetate membrane.

Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the inner supporting layer.

Preferably, the latch is made of a resilient rubber material.

Preferably, a forward osmosis drawing liquid is arranged in the cavity.

Preferably, the inner support layer is made of a hard carbon fiber material.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the buckle assembly can realize the quick locking function of the water inlet, and the lock catch is made of elastic rubber materials, so that when the sealing plug is pulled out forcibly, the lock catch deforms due to the extrusion force between the sealing plug and the water inlet, the sealing plug is taken out, and the subsequent water inlet work is facilitated; the pre-filtering layer can realize preliminary filtering work on water flow, the biomembrane filtering layer can realize refined filtering work on the water flow, and the inner supporting layer plays a role in supporting the whole body; the principle of forward osmosis and reverse osmosis technologies is fully combined, and the water flux of unit time is increased by internally arranging the sports beverage powder under the condition of not influencing the screening effect; external pressurization may be applied to allow the water stream to pass through the various filtration layers more quickly under the dual effects of forward osmosis and pressure.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a sectional structural view of a water purification package according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view structural diagram of a water purification package according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a locking member of a water purifying bag according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-clean water bag body; 2-a water inlet; 3-pre-filtering layer; 4-biofilm filtration layer; 5-an inner support layer; 6-water outlet pipe; 7-a valve; 8-sealing plug; 801-locking; 9-locking groove.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by way of the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present technology.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "disposed" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly coupled or disposed, or that they may be removably coupled or disposed, or that they may be integrally coupled or disposed. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present technology can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the drawings are merely schematic representations of embodiments and that the elements shown in the drawings are not necessarily required to practice the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment 1, a field emergency water purification package based on a biofilm material and a water purification method are provided, including a water purification package body 1, a water inlet 2, a pre-filtration layer 3, a biofilm filtration layer 4, an inner support layer 5, a water outlet pipe 6, a forward osmosis draw solution, and the like. Wherein, a water storage space is arranged between the outer wall of the water purifying bag body 1 and the inner supporting layer, the inner supporting layer 5 encloses an inner cavity, and forward osmosis liquid is arranged in the cavity. The outer wall of the clean water bag body is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene and the like; the pre-filtering layer 3 is a filter screen or an organic microfiltration membrane and the like; the biomembrane filtering layer 4 is a biomass film with natural osmosis, and comprises a porcine bladder epidermis, a porcine casing, swim bladders, an egg soft shell membrane and the like; the inner supporting layer 5 is made of a porous hard plastic cylinder or a porous carbon fiber material and the like.

In this example 1, the forward osmosis draw solution comprises various inorganic salts, saccharides, minerals, and the like required by human body, including: sucrose, glucose, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium aspartate, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, lactalbumin, arginine and the like.

The filter screen is made of chemical fibers (such as polypropylene fibers or polyester fibers) or glass fibers and the like which are randomly arranged, and the pore diameter range is 0.45-1 micron; the micro-filtration membrane comprises a cellulose acetate membrane, a mixed ester membrane regenerated cellulose membrane, a polyvinylidene fluoride material, a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and the like, and the aperture range is 0.45-1 micron.

The pore diameter range of the internal support material 5 is 0.45 micrometer-5 millimeter, and the internal support material is made of hard porous materials, such as hard carbon fiber materials, porous plastic support bodies, stainless steel support nets and the like.

The water outlet pipe 6 extends into the cavity, and the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected in a sealing mode, penetrates through the pre-filtering layer 3 and the inner supporting layer 5 and extends into the cavity. The inner supporting layer 5 is connected with the pre-filtering layer 3 through a biomembrane filtering layer 4, the lower end of the water purification bag body 1 is fixedly connected with a water inlet 2, and the lower end of the water inlet 2 is in sliding connection with a buckle assembly.

The buckle subassembly including slide setting at the sealing plug 8 of 2 lower parts of water inlet, sealing plug 8 is concave type setting, the relative one side symmetry of sealing plug 8 is provided with hasp 801, locking groove 9 has been seted up to the outside portion symmetry of water inlet 2, hasp 801 offsets tightly rather than the locking groove 9 that corresponds.

When the field emergency water purification package based on the biofilm material in the embodiment 1 is used, for example, 100mL to 200mL of micro-polluted surface water is taken, water is added into a space between the outer wall of the water purification package body 1 and the pre-filtering layer 3 through the water inlet 2, the water inlet 2 is closed, and the pressure is enabled to be in a range of 0.2 to 0.4 atmosphere by manually screwing and pressurizing. Water passes through the pre-filtering layer 3, surface colloid is removed, pollutants can be dissolved, and salinity is filtered under the dual actions of forward osmosis and external pressure of the biomembrane filtering layer 4. The membrane flux per unit area is 5-15L/m²h range.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, in this embodiment 2, the provided field emergency water purification bag based on a biofilm material includes a water purification bag body 1 and a water outlet pipe 6 penetrating through an upper portion of the water purification bag body 1, an outer wall of the water purification bag body 1 is made of a polyethylene material, a valve 7 is installed on the water outlet pipe 6, the water outlet pipe 6 extends into the water purification bag body 1, a pre-filter layer 3 is fixedly disposed outside the water outlet pipe 6, the pre-filter layer 3 is made of a nylon mesh material, and can implement a preliminary filtering operation on a water source, so that large impurities of the water source are isolated outside the pre-filter layer 3, the pre-filter layer 3 and an internal support layer 5 are adhered to each other, the water outlet pipe 6 extending inside the water purification bag body 1 is fixedly connected to the internal support layer 5, the internal support layer 5 is made of a hard porous material, and can play a supporting role, thereby ensuring that the internal support layer 5 and the pre-filter layer 3 are connected through the biofilm layer 4, lower extreme fixedly connected with water inlet 2 of water purification package inclusion 1, the lower extreme sliding connection buckle subassembly of water inlet 2, can realize the sealing work to water inlet 2, the buckle subassembly is including sliding the sealing plug 8 that sets up in the 2 lower parts of water inlet, sealing plug 8 is concave type setting, the relative one side symmetry of sealing plug 8 is provided with hasp 801, locking groove 9 has been seted up to the outside portion symmetry of water inlet 2, hasp 801 offsets tightly rather than the locking groove 9 that corresponds, hasp 801 is the hemisphere device, hasp 801 is made by the elastic rubber material.

Can realize the quick locking function to water inlet 2 through buckle subassembly, because hasp 801 is made by the elastic rubber material, when pulling out sealing plug 8 hard, because the extrusion force between sealing plug 8 and the water inlet 2 for hasp 801 takes place deformation, and then has realized taking out convenient subsequent water work to sealing plug 8.

The contained forward osmosis liquid is sports beverage powder, and can provide nutrient elements and mineral substances required by human body. The feed additive comprises 1 g of citric acid, 35 g of branched chain amino acid, 10 g of minerals and vitamins, 100 g of glucose, 40 g of sodium casein and a proper amount of water. Forward osmosis draw solutions cause a pressure differential between the inner and outer walls of the biofilm filter. Driven by forward osmosis, water permeates to one side of the forward osmosis draw and contaminants are substantially trapped.

In the water purification bag shown in this embodiment 2, when the water purification bag is used, the sealing plug 8 is pulled out by force, then a field water source is poured into the water purification bag body 1 through the water inlet 2, then the water purification bag body 1 is squeezed by force, and due to the forward osmosis formed by the sports beverage powder and the outside and the reverse osmosis formed by artificial squeezing, the water flow sequentially passes through the pre-filter layer 3, the biomembrane filter layer 4 and the internal support layer 5 for filtration, enters the cavity, and then is discharged through the water outlet pipe 6 by opening the valve 7, in the process, the pre-filter layer 3 can realize preliminary filtration of the water flow, the biomembrane filter layer 4 can realize fine filtration of the water flow, and the internal support layer 5 plays a role in supporting the whole; under the dual functions of forward osmosis and artificial extrusion reverse osmosis formed by the sports beverage powder and the outside, the flow rate of purified water of the device is 5-15L/h.

The water purification package of this embodiment 2, the small and exquisite convenience of holistic water purification package structure, portable has guaranteed the convenience of field exploration in-process.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 1-3, the composition of the field emergency water purification package based on a biofilm material provided in this embodiment 3 includes a water purification package body 1, a water inlet 2, a pre-filtration layer 3, a biofilm filtration layer 4, an internal support layer 5, a water outlet pipe 6, a forward osmosis drawing liquid, and the like. The clean water bag body 1 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU). The water outlet pipe 6 extends into the water purification bag body 1, a pre-filtering layer 3 is fixedly arranged outside the water outlet pipe, and the pre-filtering layer is made of cellulose acetate membranes. An inner supporting layer 5 is fixedly arranged outside the water outlet pipe extending inside the water purifying bag, and the inner supporting layer 5 is connected with the pre-filtering layer 3 through a biological membrane filtering layer 4. The inner supporting layer is made of hard carbon fiber materials. The lower extreme fixedly connected with water inlet 2 of clean water package, the lower extreme sliding connection buckle subassembly 8 of water inlet can realize the sealed work to water inlet 2.

The contained forward osmosis liquid is sports beverage powder, and can provide nutrient elements and mineral substances required by human body. It contains 1 g of citric acid, 8 g of yolk lecithin, 10 g of minerals and vitamins, 100 g of granulated sugar, 35 g of sodium casein, a proper amount of water and high fructose corn syrup. Forward osmosis draw solutions cause a pressure differential between the inner and outer walls of the biofilm filter. Driven by forward osmosis, water permeates to one side of the forward osmosis draw and contaminants are substantially trapped.

In the water purification package described in this embodiment 3, when the sealing plug 8 is pulled out, the obtained field water source is poured into the water purification package body 1 through the water inlet 2. The sport beverage powder results in a strong osmotic pressure inside the biofilm, resulting in an osmotic pressure difference across the biofilm. In addition, the clean water bag 1 is pressed with force, and the reverse osmosis effect of artificial pressing is formed. Under the dual action of forward osmosis and reverse osmosis, water flow is filtered by sequentially passing through the pre-filtering layer 3, the biomembrane filtering layer 4 and the inner supporting layer 5, and then the valve 7 is opened, so that water can be discharged through the water outlet pipe 6. In the process, the pre-filtering layer 3 can realize preliminary filtering work on water flow, the biomembrane filtering layer 4 can realize fine filtering work on the water flow, and the inner supporting layer 5 plays a role in supporting the whole body; under the dual actions of forward osmosis and reverse osmosis of artificial extrusion formed by the sports beverage powder and the outside, the net water flow of the device is 4-12L/h.

In summary, the water purification package according to the embodiment of the present invention is made of basic biomembranes, and allows external manual pressurization, so that water flow can more quickly pass through various filter layers under the dual actions of positive osmosis and pressure, and a new idea of water treatment is developed.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A water purification package, its characterized in that includes:

a clean water bag body (1); the clean water bag body (1) is provided with a water inlet (2);

a cavity surrounded by an internal supporting layer (5) is arranged in the water purifying bag body (1);

a pre-filtering layer (3) is coated outside the inner supporting layer (5), and a biological membrane filtering layer (4) is arranged between the pre-filtering layer (3) and the inner supporting layer (5);

the water purifying bag body (1) is provided with a water outlet pipe (6); one end of the water outlet pipe (6) sequentially penetrates through the pre-filtering layer (3), the biological membrane filtering layer (4) and the inner supporting layer (5) to extend into the cavity.

2. The water purification package of claim 1, wherein the package body is made of a polyethylene material or a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.

3. Water purification cartridge according to claim 1, wherein a valve (7) is provided on the outlet pipe (6).

4. Water purification package according to claim 1, wherein a sealing plug (8) is provided at the inlet of the water inlet (2).

5. The water purification bag according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall of the sealing plug (8) is provided with a protruding lock catch (801), and the outer wall of the water inlet (2) is provided with a locking groove (9) matched with the lock catch (801).

6. Water purification package according to claim 1, wherein the pre-filter layer (3) is made of a nylon mesh material or a cellulose acetate membrane.

7. Water purification cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the inner support layer (5) is provided with a plurality of through holes.

8. The water purification package of claim 5, wherein the locking device (801) is made of an elastic rubber material.

9. The water purification cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein a forward osmosis draw solution is provided in the chamber (10).

10. Water purification cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the inner support layer (5) is made of a hard carbon fiber material.