CN113968312A - Hybrid insulation structure of B-type independent liquid cargo tank and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid insulation structure of B-type independent liquid cargo tank and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113968312A CN113968312A CN202111575158.8A CN202111575158A CN113968312A CN 113968312 A CN113968312 A CN 113968312A CN 202111575158 A CN202111575158 A CN 202111575158A CN 113968312 A CN113968312 A CN 113968312A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/68—Panellings; Linings, e.g. for insulating purposes
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mixed insulation structure of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank and a construction method thereof, wherein the insulation structure is an insulation plate and an integrally sprayed and insulated mixed insulation structure; the insulation board is fixed on the main shield through the fastening mechanism to form a board-type insulation layer; the bottom of the insulating plate is provided with a cushion block made of low-temperature resistant material to form a leakage channel; the insulation board further comprises a first crack stop layer laid on the plate-type insulation layer, a spraying insulation layer covered on the first crack stop layer and used for forming integral closed insulation, and a protection layer covered on the spraying insulation layer and used for forming airtight protection; the sprayed insulating layer comprises a plurality of sprayed layers and crack stop layers. The beneficial effects are that satisfy the independent cargo tank of B type and insulate against heat the requirement, cold layer and warm layer's different insulation form, guaranteed that the unblocked bearing capacity of leakage passage is good, and liquid-tight gas tightness is good, not only whole difficult fracture has also avoided the fracture in high stress area, and the construction is simple reliable, construction cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquefied natural gas storage and construction, in particular to a mixed insulation structure of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank and a construction method thereof.
Background
With the extreme weather increase of climate change and the declaration of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization policies by main economic bodies in the world, liquefied natural gas as a clean energy source can be more deeply used in human life and economic operation. In addition to the conventional LNG carriers, various types of LNG-fueled vessels and filling vessels for providing filling services thereto are increasing.
Natural gas can be liquefied under normal pressure and at the temperature of-162 ℃, and the main component of the liquefied natural gas is methane. The ship for transporting liquefied natural gas is called an LNG ship for short. The LNG ship can be divided into a membrane type LNG ship and an independent storage tank type LNG ship according to the structural form of the liquid cargo tank, wherein the independent storage tank is arranged in the LNG ship, and the membrane type LNG ship adopts a double-shell structure, and a shell in the membrane type LNG ship is the liquid cargo tank.
According to the international rules of ship construction and equipment for bulk transportation of liquefied gas (IGC rules for short), the independent cargo tanks of the liquefied gas ship are divided into three types: the independent liquid cargo tank of type A, the independent liquid cargo tank of type B and the independent liquid cargo tank of type C. The B-type independent liquid cargo tank has the advantages of low cost and short construction period compared with the film tank and the A-type tank, and the B-type tank has the advantages of higher space utilization rate and low cost when the tank capacity is larger compared with the C-type tank. One of the design difficulties of the type B independent cargo tank is how to design a suitable leakage path between the insulation and the hull and maintain the insulation airtight. The existing insulation design of a B-type cabin is generally designed for a prefabricated insulation board, but the existing insulation design has the defects of high cost, poor heat insulation effect of a prefabricated board, complex installation of the prefabricated board and the like; the spraying type in research and development has the defects that a high-stress area such as a supporting position is easy to crack, the risk of cracking exists in uneven cooling and heating inside the insulation, and a leakage channel is easy to block by spraying insulation. A B type cabin insulation structure capable of effectively avoiding the safety risk of loading liquefied natural gas has considerable market prospect.
Aiming at the defects of the insulation design of the B-type tank in the prior art, the insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank and the construction method thereof are designed and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mixed insulation structure which meets the heat insulation requirement of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank, has no cracking of an insulation structure, good liquid and air tightness of a leakage channel, simple and reliable construction and low construction cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank adopts an insulation plate and an integrally sprayed insulation mixed insulation structure; the insulation layer is a low-temperature-resistant insulation plate on one side close to the main shield, and is fixed on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank through the fastening mechanism to form a plate-type insulation layer; a cushion block made of low-temperature resistant materials is arranged on the bottom plate of the insulating plate and used for forming a leakage channel between the plate-type insulating layer and the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank; the composite insulation structure further comprises a first crack stop layer laid on the plate-type insulation layer and used for preventing the hybrid insulation structure from cracking, a spraying insulation layer covered on the first crack stop layer and used for forming integral closed insulation, and a protection layer covered on the spraying insulation layer and used for forming airtight protection; the spraying insulating layer comprises a plurality of spraying layers and a spraying foam interlayer crack stop layer which is paved between different spraying layers and used for preventing the spraying insulating layer from cracking.
Further, in the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, the insulation plates are prefabricated plates, are of a polygonal single-layer structure and comprise a single-hole insulation plate with a bolt hole in the center and a porous insulation plate with a bolt hole in the opposite angle, and the single-hole insulation plate and the porous insulation plate are alternately arranged; the fastening mechanism comprises a bolt, a gasket and a nut, one end of the bolt is fixed on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, the bolt is inserted into the bolt hole to fix the insulating plate, the gasket and the nut fasten the insulating plate through the other end of the bolt, and then the foam plug is installed.
Preferably, in the above mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, the insulation plate is made of polyurethane or polystyrene, the spray insulation layer is made of polyurethane, and the protection layer is made of polyurea.
Preferably, the thickness of the insulation plate is 50-300 mm, the thickness of the sprayed insulation layer is 100-400 mm, the thickness of the protective layer is 2-20 mm, and the distance between the plate type insulation layer and the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank is 5-20 mm.
Preferably, in the above hybrid insulation structure for the B-type independent cargo tank, the low temperature resistant material pads are plywood or an insulating plate which is prefabricated in the middle and four corners of the bottom of the insulating plate and has a thickness of 10 mm.
Preferably, in the above hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, at the bottom of the B-type independent cargo tank, a secondary shielding layer and a liquid collecting tank are arranged between the plate-type insulation layer and the spraying insulation layer, and the leakage channel is communicated with the liquid collecting tank through a flow guide channel arranged on the plate-type insulation layer.
Preferably, in the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, the width of the flow guide channel is not less than 10 mm.
Preferably, in the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, a gap which is suitable for the thermal expansion and the cold contraction deformation of the insulation plates to prevent collision is arranged between the insulation plates.
The invention further aims to provide a construction method of the mixed insulation structure, which meets the heat insulation requirement of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, has the advantages of no cracking of the insulation structure, good liquid and air tightness of a leakage channel, simple and reliable construction, low construction cost and combination of plate insulation and spraying insulation.
In order to achieve the above another object, the present invention adopts a technical solution that is a method for constructing a hybrid insulation structure of a B-type independent cargo tank, and the method is used for constructing the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank, and comprises the following steps:
s1, welding studs according to the grid lines drawn on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank;
s2, inserting the stud into the bolt hole on the insulating plate, sleeving the gasket and the nut into the bolt, and fastening the nut;
s3, paving a first layer of crack-stopping layer after the plate-type insulating layer is installed;
s4, spraying insulating foam, determining the number of spraying layers according to the thickness of the sprayed insulating layer, and paving crack-stopping layers among the sprayed foam among different spraying layers;
and S5, spraying a protective layer after the spraying of the insulating layer is finished.
The mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank and the construction method thereof have the beneficial effects that: 1. the cold layer can effectively ensure the formation of a leakage channel, and meanwhile, cracks can be effectively prevented from being generated through gaps between the plate types; 2. the integral spraying foaming type insulation can effectively solve the problem of heat leakage, and simultaneously can more effectively solve the problems of air tightness and liquid tightness of a leakage channel to form double protection, and the separation of a cold layer and a warm layer can also effectively solve the problem of easy cracking caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold; 3. the insulation board is manufactured in a modularized mode, adhesion with the plywood is not needed, and manufacturing procedures and production cost of the insulation board are reduced; each insulating plate is relatively independent, when the insulating plate is damaged, the performance of other insulating plates cannot be influenced, and meanwhile, only local repair is needed to be carried out on the damaged insulating plate; 4. the insulating layer is sprayed to form a closed integrated insulating layer, so that an ice point caused by air flow is avoided, the spraying type construction is convenient and fast, and the cost is low; 5. the protection layer is made of polyurea, and has good elasticity and ductility while air tightness is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of a hybrid insulation structure of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid insulation structure of a type B independent cargo tank.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom sump portion insulation design for a hybrid insulation configuration for a type B self-contained cargo tank.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the insulation board of the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hybrid insulation structure crack stop layer of a B-type independent cargo tank.
The reference numerals and components referred to in the drawings are as follows: 1. protective layer, 2, spraying insulating layer, 3, foam plug, 4, insulating plate, 41, single-hole insulating plate, 42, porous insulating plate, 5, nut, 6, gasket, 7, stud, 8, plywood wedge, 9, main shield, 10, secondary shield, 11, liquid collecting tank, 12, flow guide channel, 13, first crack-stopping layer, 14 and spraying foam crack-stopping layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
This embodiment realizes a hybrid insulation structure of a type B independent cargo tank.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of a hybrid insulation structure of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank. As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is a hybrid insulation structure of a B-type independent cargo tank, the B-type independent cargo tank is placed in a ship body, and the insulation structure is located outside a main shield 9 of the B-type independent cargo tank to form an insulation layer.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid insulation structure of a type B independent cargo tank. As shown in fig. 2, in the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank of the present embodiment, the cold layer is plate-type insulation, and the warm layer is overall spray-foamed insulation; the method comprises the steps of installing a plate-type insulating layer consisting of a plurality of insulating plates 4 on the outer surface of a main shield 9, spraying an integrally closed spraying insulating layer 2 on the surface of the plate-type insulating layer, and spraying a protective layer 1 on the spraying insulating layer 2. Covering the insulating plate 4 with the integrally closed spray coating insulating layer 2 to form a closed insulating layer; the protective layer 1 is sprayed on the sprayed insulating layer 2 to form an airtight protective layer. The insulating plate 4 is a prefabricated plate processed by polyurethane or polystyrene materials, the spraying insulating layer 2 is made of polyurethane materials, and the protective layer 1 is made of polyurea or similar performance materials. The distance between the insulating plate 4 and the main shield 9 is 5-20 mm.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom sump portion insulation design for a hybrid insulation configuration for a type B self-contained cargo tank. As shown in fig. 3, in the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank of the present embodiment, the secondary shielding layer 10 and the liquid collecting tank 11 are arranged at the bottom of the B-type independent cargo tank, and the flow guide channel 12 corresponding to the liquid collecting tank 11 is a channel with a specially designed width not less than 10 mm.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the insulation board of the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank. As shown in fig. 4, the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank of the present embodiment includes a plurality of insulation plates 4, bolts 7 are fixed on the outer surface of a main shield 9, and the insulation plates 4 are mounted on the outer surface of the main shield 9 through the bolts 7. Plywood (or insulating) wedges 8 are arranged in the middle of the bottom surface and at four corners of the insulating plate 4 to form a leakage channel, leaked liquid cargos are guided to the bilge secondary shield 10 and finally enter a collecting container specially used for collecting the leaked liquid cargos at the bottom. The insulating plate 4 is of a polygonal single-layer structure, the insulating plate 4 can be divided into a single-hole insulating plate 41 with a bolt hole in the center and a porous insulating plate 42 with a bolt hole in the opposite angle, when the insulating plate 4 is installed, the bolt 7 is inserted into the opening, the insulating plate is fastened through the nut 5 and the gasket 6, and then the foam plug 3 is installed. The single-hole insulating plates 41 and the porous insulating plates 42 are alternately arranged, so that the phenomenon that the insulating plates 4 are moved to cause overlarge accumulated movement under the action of ship shaking, low-temperature deformation and the like is avoided. Based on the convenience of product manufacturing and site operation, the insulating plate 4 is mainly designed into a cuboid structure, but other shapes are designed in a dihedral angle, a trilateral angle, a transverse cabin bevel edge and a special area so as to be suitable for structural designs such as ship hulls, supports and the like. In order to meet the requirements of hull deformation, low-temperature shrinkage and the like, proper gaps are arranged between the insulating plates 4, and flexible insulation is filled to achieve heat insulation, for example, glass fibers are filled to adapt to the deformation of the insulating plates 4 caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction so as to prevent convection channels from occurring between the insulating plates 4. The torque required for mounting the insulating plate 4 is calculated by FEA and is verified in the experiment. FEA is a short hand of fine Element Analysis in english, namely Finite Element Analysis, and is widely applied to engineering Analysis and calculation.
In the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, gaps are arranged among the insulation plates 4, so that heat convection exists among the gaps of the insulation plates 4 when the liquid cargo tank is loaded with liquefied natural gas, and an ice point is formed on the upper surface of the insulation plates 4. Therefore, the insulating plate 4 is covered with the totally enclosed type spraying insulating layer 2, the spraying insulating layer 2 is closed hole insulation, and the insulating plate has good low temperature resistance, viscosity and flexibility, and guarantees the safety of the insulation while ensuring the heat insulation.
In the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, in order to have a proper leakage channel, the plywood wedge blocks 8 with the thickness of 10mm are arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the insulation board 4, the insulation board 4 is fastened according to the calculated torsion, the plywood wedge blocks 8 can contact the main shield 9 at the moment, the leakage channel with the height of at least 10mm is ensured between the main shield 9 and the insulation board 4, and the leaked liquid cargo can be effectively discharged in time.
In the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, the thickness of the insulation plate 4 is generally 50-300 mm and the thickness of the sprayed insulation layer 2 is 100-400 mm through heat conduction and boil-off calculation. The thickness of the protective layer 1 needs to be designed according to the actual condition of the ship type, and is generally 2-20 mm.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hybrid insulation structure crack stop layer of a B-type independent cargo tank. As shown in fig. 5, the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank of this embodiment further includes a first crack stopper layer 13 disposed between the plate-type insulation layer and the sprayed insulation layer 2 for preventing the hybrid insulation structure from cracking, and a sprayed foam crack stopper layer 14 disposed between the plurality of sprayed insulation layers 2 for preventing the sprayed insulation layer 2 from cracking.
The construction of the mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank is very convenient, in actual construction, the studs 7 are welded according to the grid lines drawn on the main shield 9, then the insulating plate 4 module is placed in place, the gasket 6 and the nut 5 are sleeved into the studs 7 and the nut 5 is fastened, and then the foam plug 3 is installed. After the insulating plate 4 is installed, a first crack stop layer 13 is laid, and then insulating foam is sprayed; the number of sprayed layers is determined according to the thickness of the sprayed insulating layer 2, and a sprayed foam interlayer crack stop layer 14 is laid between different sprayed layers. After the spraying operation is finished, a protective layer 1 is sprayed.
In conclusion, the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent cargo tank of the present embodiment can ensure the thermal insulation performance, and at the same time, the protection layer 1 can temporarily serve as a secondary shield in consideration of the temperature rise of the leaked cargo at the location of the protection layer 1. The mixed insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank has the advantages of low material and construction cost and simplicity and reliability in construction; by means of the appearance of new materials, the design concept in the prior art is effectively broken through, the insulation design is simplified, and the construction cost is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and additions can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a hybrid insulation system of independent cargo tank of B type which characterized in that: the composite insulation structure adopts an insulation plate and integral spraying insulation; the insulation board is made of low-temperature-resistant plate-type insulation materials and is fixed on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank through the fastening mechanism to form a plate-type insulation layer; a cushion block made of low-temperature resistant materials is arranged at the bottom of the insulating plate and used for forming a leakage channel between the plate-type insulating layer and the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank; the composite insulation structure further comprises a first crack stop layer laid on the plate-type insulation layer and used for preventing the hybrid insulation structure from cracking, a spraying insulation layer covered on the first crack stop layer and used for forming integral closed insulation, and a protection layer covered on the spraying insulation layer and used for forming airtight protection; the sprayed insulating layer comprises a plurality of sprayed layers and crack stop layers.
2. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 1, wherein: the insulating plates are prefabricated plates, are of polygonal single-layer structures and comprise a single-hole insulating plate with a bolt hole in the center and a porous insulating plate with a bolt hole in the opposite angle, and the single-hole insulating plate and the porous insulating plate are alternately arranged; the fastening mechanism comprises a bolt, a gasket, a nut and a foam plug, one end of the bolt is fixed on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, the bolt is inserted into the bolt hole to fix the insulating plate, the gasket and the nut are fastened on the insulating plate through the other end of the bolt, and the foam plug fills gaps and locks the nut and the bolt.
3. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 2, wherein: the insulation board is made of polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or polystyrene materials, the spraying insulation layer is made of polyurethane materials, and the protection layer is made of polyurea materials.
4. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 3, wherein: the thickness of the insulating plate is 50-300 mm, the thickness of the spraying insulating layer is 100-400 mm, the thickness of the protective layer is 2-20 mm, and the distance between the plate-type insulating layer and the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank is 5-20 mm.
5. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 4, wherein: the cushion blocks made of the low-temperature resistant materials are plywood or insulating plates which are arranged in the middle of the bottom of the insulating plate in advance and are 10mm thick at four corners of the bottom of the insulating plate.
6. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 2, wherein: and a leakage flow guide channel and a liquid collecting tank are arranged between the plate-type insulating layer and the spraying insulating layer at the bottom of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, and the leakage channel is communicated with the liquid collecting tank through the flow guide channel arranged on the plate-type insulating layer.
7. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 6, wherein: the width of the flow guide channel is not less than 10 mm.
8. A hybrid insulation structure for a B-tank of an independent cargo tank of claim 2, wherein: set up the clearance that adapts to the insulation board expend with heat and contract with cold and warp and prevent the collision between the insulation board.
9. A construction method of a hybrid insulation structure of a B-type independent liquid cargo tank, which is used for the construction of the hybrid insulation structure of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, welding studs according to the grid lines drawn on the main shield of the B-type independent liquid cargo tank;
s2, inserting the stud into a bolt hole in the insulating plate, sleeving the gasket and the nut into the bolt, fastening the nut, and then installing a foam plug coated with epoxy resin;
s3, paving a first layer of crack-stopping layer after the plate-type insulating layer is installed;
s4, spraying insulating foam, determining the number of spraying layers according to the thickness of the sprayed insulating layer, and paving crack-stopping layers among the sprayed foam among different spraying layers;
and S5, spraying a protective layer after the spraying of the insulating layer is finished.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111575158.8A CN113968312A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Hybrid insulation structure of B-type independent liquid cargo tank and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111575158.8A CN113968312A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Hybrid insulation structure of B-type independent liquid cargo tank and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117068325A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-17 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Self-adaptive adjustment method for cold deformation of insulating module of thin-film enclosure system |
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| CN112682694A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | B-type storage cabin heat insulation structure |
| CN213535029U (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-06-25 | 刘赟德 | Composite heat insulation board for ship ultralow-temperature B-type liquid cargo tank and B-type liquid cargo tank |
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| KR20110020494A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-03-03 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Insulation structure for a lng carrier tank |
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Application publication date: 20220125 |