CN113967729B - Double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and pouring method for aluminum alloy casting - Google Patents
Double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and pouring method for aluminum alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113967729B CN113967729B CN202111234612.3A CN202111234612A CN113967729B CN 113967729 B CN113967729 B CN 113967729B CN 202111234612 A CN202111234612 A CN 202111234612A CN 113967729 B CN113967729 B CN 113967729B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and a pouring method for an aluminum alloy casting, and belongs to the technical field of metal casting. This gating system includes die cavity, stalk and chill subassembly, the die cavity includes a plurality of body sprues, the upside of die cavity is equipped with a plurality of risers directly over a plurality of body sprues one-to-one, the downside of die cavity is equipped with a plurality of bottom plate sprues directly under a plurality of body sprues one-to-one, the stalk is located the below of die cavity to communicate with a plurality of bottom plate sprues through the bottom plate cross gate respectively, the chill subassembly is cut apart into a plurality of regions with the die cavity. The body sprue is subjected to bidirectional feeding molten metal through the riser and the bottom plate sprue in the pouring process, so that the defects of looseness, bubbles, slag inclusion and insufficient pouring are avoided, and the qualification rate of products is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and a pouring method for an aluminum alloy casting, and belongs to the technical field of metal casting.
Background
At present, a pouring system of a flat bracket casting mostly adopts an annular cross gate to connect an even ingate at the outer side of the casting for pouring, the pouring system has even metal liquid feeding and stable filling, the forming rate of some castings with simple structures is higher, and the pouring system has better process realizability. However, for the casting of the flat bracket type with a relatively complex structure, the feeding capacity and the slag discharging capacity of the annular runner system are not satisfactory.
The chinese patent publication No. CN104308081a discloses a method for V-process modeling antigravity casting of aluminum alloy castings, but the method is only applicable to aluminum castings with "thick top and bottom and thin middle" structures, and when the method is used for casting flat bracket-like aluminum alloy castings with relatively complex structures, the defects of looseness, bubbles, slag inclusion and insufficient casting are easily generated at local positions (such as corners and large thick parts).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and a pouring method for an aluminum alloy casting.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an aluminum alloy casting's anti-gravity gating system of two mends interrupt-type, includes die cavity, stalk and chill subassembly, the die cavity includes a plurality of body sprues, the upside of die cavity is equipped with a plurality of risers directly over a plurality of body sprues one-to-one, the downside of die cavity is equipped with a plurality of bottom plate sprues under a plurality of body sprues one-to-one, the stalk is located the below of die cavity to communicate with a plurality of bottom plate sprues through the bottom plate sprues respectively, the chill subassembly is cut apart into a plurality of regions with the die cavity.
The aluminum alloy casting obtained by cavity casting is a flat support, the flat support comprises an upper ring plate and a lower ring plate, the lower ring plate is connected with the upper ring plate through a cylinder, a plurality of vertical reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface of the cylinder and connected with the upper ring plate and the lower ring plate, a plurality of flanges are radially and outwardly extended on the lower ring plate, and the flanges are connected with the outer circular surface of the upper ring plate through inclined plates.
The body sprue is a runner coincident with the vertical reinforcing ribs.
The chiller assembly comprises a pouring channel chiller, a tail end chiller A, a tail end chiller B, a tail end chiller C, a tail end chiller D, a tail end chiller E and a tail end chiller F;
the number of the pouring channel chills is consistent with that of the risers, the pouring channel chills are arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting, and the positions of the pouring channel chills are in one-to-one correspondence with the risers;
the tail end chilling block A is arranged on the upper side of the aluminum alloy casting flange, and the tail end chilling block B is arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy casting flange;
the tail end chilling block C is arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting and is positioned between the two adjacent risers;
the tail end chilling block D is arranged at the bottom of the lower ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting and is positioned between the two adjacent risers, and the tail end chilling block E is arranged at the bottom of the upper ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting and is positioned between the two adjacent risers;
and the tail end chilling block F is arranged in the middle of the left side and the right side of the vertical reinforcing rib on the aluminum alloy casting.
The thickness of the pouring channel chill is 0.6-0.8 of the thickness of the upper cylinder wall of the aluminum alloy casting.
The upper end of the riser is larger than the lower end, the inclination is 10 degrees, and the contact area of the riser and the aluminum alloy casting is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue.
The lower end of the bottom plate sprue is larger than the upper end, the inclination is 3 degrees, and the contact area of the bottom plate sprue and the aluminum alloy casting is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue.
A pouring method of a double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system of an aluminum alloy casting comprises the following main steps:
A. designing a sand mold: adopting 3D printing resin sand for molding, taking the surface A and the surface B as parting surfaces respectively, and dividing the whole pouring system into a dead head sand box, a body sand box and a bottom plate sand box, wherein the body sand box comprises an outer mold and a sand core, the outer mold is provided with a positioning A with the dead head sand box, the bottom plate sand box is provided with a positioning B with the outer mold and a positioning C with the sand core, and cold iron grooves are reserved in the bottom plate sand box and the body sand box;
B. placing a chilling block: correspondingly installing the chilling blocks in the chilling block groove;
C. modeling and mould assembling: baking the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box for 2 hours at 150 ℃ to ensure the strength of the sand mould, combining the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box according to positioning, and placing a cover plate with air holes on the whole combined sand box to finish moulding and mould assembling;
D. pouring: and pouring the aluminum alloy solution into the cavity by adopting an antigravity pouring mode.
And B, fixing the cold iron in the step B in a cold iron groove through cold iron glue.
And C, coating paint on the contact area of the molten metal and the sand mold and drying.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the body sprue is subjected to bidirectional feeding molten metal through the riser and the bottom plate sprue in the pouring process, so that the defects of looseness, bubbles, slag inclusion and insufficient pouring are avoided, and the qualification rate of products is greatly improved.
2. The design of rising head has improved gating system's slagging-off and exhaust ability, and the internal quality of aluminum alloy casting can obtain effectual assurance and stability of quality promotes by a wide margin.
3. The method is characterized in that a chill is arranged at the theoretical solidification tail end of molten metal, a casting in a solidification state is forcedly divided into a plurality of areas where molten metal can be completely fed, sequential solidification of the casting is realized, and the positions far away from a pouring gate and a riser are preferentially cooled, so that the feeding effect of the pouring gate and the riser can be fully exerted, and the defects of insufficient pouring, looseness and the like of the casting are avoided.
4. The method can be applied to the production of various flat bracket aluminum alloy castings, can effectively ensure the internal quality of castings especially for the flat bracket castings with relatively complex structures, and can greatly improve the quality stability in the batch production process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gating system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-aluminum alloy casting, 2-bottom plate cross gate, 3-bottom plate sprue, 4-riser, 5-body sprue, 6-runner chill, 7-end chill A, 8-end chill B, 9-end chill C, 10-end chill D, 11-end chill E, 12-end chill F, 13-riser.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
As shown in fig. 1, the double-replenishment interrupted antigravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings, provided by the invention, comprises a cavity, a riser pipe 13 and a chill component, wherein the cavity comprises a plurality of body sprues 5, a plurality of risers 4 are correspondingly arranged on the upper side of the cavity above the body sprues 5 one by one, a plurality of bottom plate sprues 3 are correspondingly arranged on the lower side of the cavity under the body sprues 5 one by one, the riser pipe 13 is positioned below the cavity and is respectively communicated with the bottom plate sprues 3 through bottom plate sprues 2, and the chill component divides the cavity into a plurality of regions. The position of the vertical reinforcing rib on the aluminum alloy casting 1 is the thick and large part, the dead heads 4 are arranged right above the body sprue 5 corresponding to the vertical reinforcing rib in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the bottom plate sprue 3 is arranged right below the body sprue 5 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, so that metal liquid is fed to the body sprue 5 in a two-way mode through the dead heads 4 and the bottom plate sprue 3 in the pouring process, and the defects of looseness, bubbles, slag inclusion and insufficient pouring are avoided. Simultaneously, the design of rising head 4 has improved gating system's slagging-off and exhaust ability, and the internal quality of aluminum alloy casting 1 can obtain effectual assurance and the stability of quality promotes by a wide margin.
The aluminum alloy casting 1 obtained by cavity casting is a flat support, the flat support comprises an upper ring plate and a lower ring plate, the lower ring plate is connected with the upper ring plate through a cylinder, a plurality of vertical reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface of the cylinder and connected with the upper ring plate and the lower ring plate, a plurality of flanges are radially and outwardly extended on the lower ring plate, and the flanges are connected with the outer circular surface of the upper ring plate through inclined plates.
The body sprue 5 is a runner coincident with the vertical reinforcing ribs.
The chiller assembly comprises a pouring channel chiller 6, a tail end chiller A7, a tail end chiller B8, a tail end chiller C9, a tail end chiller D10, a tail end chiller E11 and a tail end chiller F12;
the number of the pouring channel chills 6 is consistent with that of the risers 4, the pouring channel chills 6 are arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting 1, and the positions of the pouring channel chills correspond to the risers 4 one by one;
the tail end chilling block A7 is arranged on the upper side of the flange of the aluminum alloy casting 1, and the tail end chilling block B8 is arranged on the lower side of the flange of the aluminum alloy casting 1;
the tail end chilling block C9 is arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting 1 and is positioned between the two adjacent risers 4;
the tail end chilling block D10 is arranged at the bottom of the lower ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting 1 and is positioned between the two adjacent risers 4, and the tail end chilling block E11 is arranged at the bottom of the upper ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting 1 and is positioned between the two adjacent risers 4;
and the tail end chilling block F12 is arranged in the middle of the left side and the right side of the vertical reinforcing rib on the aluminum alloy casting 1. The chill is arranged at the theoretical solidification tail end of the molten metal, the casting in a solidification state is forcedly divided into a plurality of areas where the molten metal can be completely fed, the sequential solidification of the casting is realized, and the positions far away from the pouring gate and the riser 4 are preferentially cooled, so that the feeding effect of the pouring gate and the riser 4 can be fully exerted, and the defects of insufficient pouring, looseness and the like of the casting are avoided.
The thickness of the pouring channel chill 6 is 0.6-0.8 of the thickness of the upper cylinder of the aluminum alloy casting 1. The pouring channel iron chill 6 plays a role in improving the texture compactness of the thick and large parts of the casting. The pouring chilling block 6 is too thick, so that molten metal at the pouring gate (namely a cavity) part of the body can be rapidly solidified, feeding of the upper feeding channel and the lower feeding channel to the casting is blocked, and therefore the casting is far away from the sprue 5 and the riser 4, and loose defects occur at the position, and meanwhile, the pouring chilling block 6 which is too thick can weaken the effect of the pouring gate on the body on the tail end chilling block, so that the tail end chilling block cannot realize the partition effect. The purpose of cooling the thick and large part of the casting cannot be realized if the runner chiller 6 is too thin. The position of the largest thickness of the casting is a body pouring gate part, although the body sprue 5 and a riser 4 simultaneously feed the body pouring gate part, the metal liquid fed by the casting can not completely realize high compactness of the body pouring gate part, so that a chiller with proper thickness still needs to be placed to ensure the internal quality of the body pouring gate part.
The upper end of the riser 4 is larger than the lower end, the inclination is 10 degrees, and the contact area of the riser and the aluminum alloy casting 1 is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue 5. The riser 4 is used for feeding the molten metal of the casting by taking downward gravity as a driving force, the upper end of the riser 4 is set to be larger than the lower end of the riser, so that more molten metal can be retained in the riser 4, the quality of the molten metal in the riser 4 is improved, and meanwhile, the area of the upper end of the riser 4 is large, so that the exhaust and scum of the molten metal are facilitated. The arrangement of the inclination facilitates the flowing of the molten metal and increases the downward flowing trend of the molten metal. The contact area of the risers 4 and the casting is larger than the sectional area of the sprue 5 of the body, so that the area of feeding channels of the risers 4 is increased, the feeding channels of the risers 4 are larger than the area of the sprue 5 of the body, and the feeding capacity of the risers 4 is improved.
The lower end of the bottom plate sprue 3 is larger than the upper end, the inclination is 3 degrees, and the contact area of the bottom plate sprue 3 and the aluminum alloy casting 1 is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue 5. The body sprue 5 is used for feeding molten metal of a casting by taking upward pressure as driving force, the lower end is arranged to be larger than the upper end so as to be beneficial to upward flowing of the molten metal, and meanwhile, the arrangement is also beneficial to stable filling of the molten metal and reduces the overheating tendency of the body sprue 5.
A pouring method of a double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system of an aluminum alloy casting comprises the following main steps:
A. designing a sand mold: adopting 3D printing resin sand for molding, taking the surface A and the surface B as parting surfaces respectively, and dividing the whole casting system into a riser sand box, a body sand box and a bottom plate sand box, wherein the body sand box comprises an outer die and a sand core, the outer die is provided with a positioning A with the riser sand box, the bottom plate sand box is provided with a positioning B with the outer die and a positioning C with the sand core, and cold iron grooves are reserved in the bottom plate sand box and the body sand box;
B. placing a chilling block: correspondingly installing the chilling blocks in the chilling block groove;
C. modeling and assembling: baking the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box for 2 hours at 150 ℃ to ensure the strength of the sand mould, combining the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box according to positioning, and placing a cover plate with air holes on the whole combined sand box to finish moulding and mould assembling;
D. pouring: and pouring the aluminum alloy solution into the cavity through a riser pipe 13 by adopting an anti-gravity pouring mode.
And B, fixing the cold iron in the step B in a cold iron groove through cold iron glue.
And C, coating paint on the contact area of the molten metal and the sand mold and drying. The coating is aluminum alloy coating KS-560, and has the main functions of preventing sand expansion of castings and improving the surface quality of the castings.
The double-compensation interrupted antigravity pouring system and the pouring method for the aluminum alloy casting have the beneficial effects that:
1. the body sprue 5 is subjected to bidirectional feeding molten metal through the riser 4 and the bottom plate sprue 3 in the pouring process, so that the defects of looseness, bubbles, slag inclusion and insufficient pouring are avoided, and the qualification rate of products is greatly improved.
2. The design of rising head 4 has improved gating system's slagging-off and exhaust ability, and the internal quality of aluminum alloy casting 1 can obtain effectual assurance and stability of quality promotes by a wide margin.
3. The chill is arranged at the theoretical solidification tail end of the molten metal, the casting in a solidification state is forcedly divided into a plurality of areas where the molten metal can be completely fed, the sequential solidification of the casting is realized, and the positions far away from the pouring gate and the riser 4 are preferentially cooled, so that the feeding effect of the pouring gate and the riser 4 can be fully exerted, and the defects of insufficient pouring, looseness and the like of the casting are avoided.
4. The method can be applied to the production of various flat bracket aluminum alloy castings, and particularly can effectively ensure the internal quality of the castings for the flat bracket castings with relatively complex structures, and the quality stability can be greatly improved in the batch production process.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a two benefit interruption formula antigravity gating systems of aluminum alloy foundry goods which characterized in that: the mold comprises a mold cavity, a liquid lifting pipe (13) and a chill component, wherein the mold cavity comprises a plurality of body sprues (5), a plurality of risers (4) are correspondingly arranged on the upper side of the mold cavity right above the body sprues (5), a plurality of bottom plate sprues (3) are correspondingly arranged on the lower side of the mold cavity right below the body sprues (5), the liquid lifting pipe (13) is positioned below the mold cavity and is respectively communicated with the bottom plate sprues (3) through bottom plate cross runners (2), and the chill component divides the mold cavity into a plurality of areas;
the aluminum alloy casting (1) obtained by cavity casting is a flat support, the flat support comprises an upper ring plate and a lower ring plate, the lower ring plate is connected with the upper ring plate through a cylinder, a plurality of vertical reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface of the cylinder and are connected with the upper ring plate and the lower ring plate, a plurality of flanges are radially and outwardly extended on the lower ring plate, and the flanges are connected with the outer circular surface of the upper ring plate through inclined plates;
the chiller assembly comprises a pouring channel chiller (6), a tail end chiller A (7), a tail end chiller B (8), a tail end chiller C (9), a tail end chiller D (10), a tail end chiller E (11) and a tail end chiller F (12);
the number of the pouring channel chills (6) is consistent with that of the risers (4), the pouring channel chills (6) are arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting (1), and the positions of the pouring channel chills are in one-to-one correspondence with the risers (4);
the tail end chilling block A (7) is arranged on the upper side of the flange of the aluminum alloy casting (1), and the tail end chilling block B (8) is arranged on the lower side of the flange of the aluminum alloy casting (1);
the tail end chilling block C (9) is arranged on the inner circular surface of the aluminum alloy casting (1) and is positioned between the two adjacent risers (4);
the tail end chilling block D (10) is arranged at the bottom of the lower ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting (1) and is positioned between the two adjacent risers (4), and the tail end chilling block E (11) is arranged at the bottom of the upper ring plate of the aluminum alloy casting (1) and is positioned between the two adjacent risers (4);
the tail end chilling block F (12) is arranged in the middle of the left side and the right side of the vertical reinforcing rib on the aluminum alloy casting (1).
2. A dual replenishment interruption antigravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein: the body sprue (5) is a sprue superposed with the vertical reinforcing ribs.
3. A dual replenishment interruption antigravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the pouring gate chill (6) is 0.6 to 0.8 of the wall thickness of an upper cylinder of the aluminum alloy casting (1).
4. A dual replenishment interruption antigravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the riser (4) is larger than the lower end, the inclination is 10 degrees, and the contact area of the riser and the aluminum alloy casting (1) is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue (5).
5. A dual replenishment interruption antigravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the bottom plate sprue (3) is larger than the upper end, the inclination is 3 degrees, and the contact area of the bottom plate sprue (3) and the aluminum alloy casting (1) is larger than the sectional area of the body sprue (5).
6. The pouring method of a double-replenishment interruption antigravity pouring system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, characterized by: the method comprises the following main steps:
A. designing a sand mold: adopting 3D printing resin sand for molding, taking the surface A and the surface B as parting surfaces respectively, and dividing the whole casting system into a riser sand box, a body sand box and a bottom plate sand box, wherein the body sand box comprises an outer die and a sand core, the outer die is provided with a positioning A with the riser sand box, the bottom plate sand box is provided with a positioning B with the outer die and a positioning C with the sand core, and cold iron grooves are reserved in the bottom plate sand box and the body sand box;
B. placing a chilling block: correspondingly installing the chilling blocks in the chilling block groove;
C. modeling and mould assembling: baking the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box for 2 hours at 150 ℃ to ensure the strength of the sand mould, combining the riser sand box, the body sand box and the bottom plate sand box according to positioning, and placing a cover plate with air holes on the whole combined sand box to finish moulding and mould assembling;
D. pouring: and pouring the aluminum alloy solution into the cavity by adopting an antigravity pouring mode.
7. The pouring method for a dual make-up interrupted countergravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 6, wherein: and B, fixing the cold iron in the step B in a cold iron groove through cold iron glue.
8. The pouring method for a dual make-up interrupted countergravity gating system for aluminum alloy castings according to claim 6, wherein: and C, coating paint on the contact area of the molten metal and the sand mold and drying.
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| CN114653896B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-27 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | Defect control system for cylindrical castings |
| CN114643337B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-27 | 赛普工业研究院(安阳)有限公司 | Preparation method of barrel-type ZL208 alloy |
| CN117139563B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏万恒铸业有限公司 | Precision casting equipment and casting process of Monel nozzle |
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| US4993473A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1991-02-19 | General Motors Corporation | Differential pressure, countergravity casting using mold ingate chills |
| JPH09168855A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-30 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method an device for production of die for resin forming |
| JP2009274098A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-26 | Tajima Keikinzoku:Kk | Sand mold for low-pressure casting and low-pressure casting apparatus utilizing the same |
| CN101966574B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-02-15 | 合肥大道模具有限责任公司 | Low-pressure casting equipment for aluminum alloy circle patterns of tire mold and low-pressure casting and gravity feeding process |
| CN104308081B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-08-17 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | A kind of method for aluminium alloy castings V method moulding anti-gravity pouring |
| CN204747463U (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 辽宁卡斯特金属材料发展有限公司 | Low pressure the gating system of MR coil |
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| CN106583657A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 山西平阳重工机械有限责任公司 | Solidification and feeding method for complicated annular thin-wall shell steel casting |
| CN107639222A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-01-30 | 沈阳双宝科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Casting Equipment and casting pouring method |
| CN110039008A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-23 | 国营第六一六厂 | A kind of clearance type rising pouring pressurization system for casting and pouring |
| CN111910118B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-11-22 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Method for forming nodular cast iron flywheel for high-power diesel engine |
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