CN113967392B - Efficient gas-liquid separator, oxyhydrogen fuel cell and gas-liquid separation adjusting method - Google Patents
Efficient gas-liquid separator, oxyhydrogen fuel cell and gas-liquid separation adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113967392B CN113967392B CN202111063172.XA CN202111063172A CN113967392B CN 113967392 B CN113967392 B CN 113967392B CN 202111063172 A CN202111063172 A CN 202111063172A CN 113967392 B CN113967392 B CN 113967392B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator, an oxyhydrogen fuel cell and a gas-liquid separation adjusting method. The high-efficiency gas-liquid separator comprises a gas inlet, a body and an overflow pipe; the body comprises a cylinder body and a first cone, the lower end of the overflow pipe is provided with a second cone, and the insertion depth of the overflow pipe in the body is adjustable; the air inlet includes at least one adjustment plate for varying the air inlet cross-sectional area of the air inlet. The oxyhydrogen fuel cell comprises the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator for separating water generated on the oxygen side from gas; the device also comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the insertion depth of the overflow pipe and the air inlet cross-section area of the air inlet. The gas-liquid separation adjusting method of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell comprises the steps of adjusting the insertion depth of the overflow pipe to be large and adjusting the air inlet cross section area of the air inlet to be small when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a low-power operation condition; the high power operating conditions are inversely regulated. The method can maintain high-efficiency separation of the liquid drops in a wider power range of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator, an oxyhydrogen fuel cell and a gas-liquid separation adjusting method.
Background
The most domestic applications for fuel cells are land-based hydrogen-air fuel cells, in which the water produced on the air side is directly discharged with unreacted air, which is not circulated. The oxyhydrogen fuel cell is mainly applied to space flight, underground, deep sea and other closed spaces.
Compared with a hydrogen-air fuel cell, the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell has more severe chemical reaction, the liquid water generated on the oxygen side is about 4 times of that on the air side, and the liquid water must be discharged in time, otherwise, the phenomenon of flooding on the oxygen side is extremely easy to occur, so that the chemical reaction on the proton exchange membrane is uneven, local hot spots occur, and even the proton exchange membrane can be burnt, thereby seriously affecting the normal operation of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system. In addition, in order to improve the utilization rate of carried oxygen under the condition of a closed space, unreacted oxygen needs to be recycled to an oxygen inlet of the fuel cell, and the lower the content of liquid drops carried in the unreacted oxygen, the more favorable the uniform chemical reaction on the proton exchange membrane is. The higher the separation efficiency of the liquid droplets by the gas-liquid separator, the better.
The centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone is a commonly used gas-liquid separator, the separation efficiency of which has a plurality of influencing factors, and when the gas-liquid separator with a certain structure is used for treating a specified medium, the influence of the gas speed of the gas inlet on the separation efficiency of liquid drops is a hump curve: the air inlet has too small air speed, the gas-liquid centrifugal separation effect is not strong, and the liquid drop separation efficiency is not high. The gas inlet is too high in gas speed, although the gas-liquid centrifugal separation effect is very strong, liquid drops can be split into small liquid drops under the action of strong shearing, and the liquid drops separated close to the wall surface are rolled up by strong rotating airflow and escape along with an overflow pipe, so that the liquid drop separation efficiency is reduced. Therefore, there is an optimal inlet gas velocity for gas-liquid centrifugal separation. When the traditional gas-liquid separator is designed, the optimal gas inlet gas speed is required to be selected to be near the gas inlet gas speed under the rated working condition.
However, the actual operating power of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is lower than the designed rated power, which is a common operating condition, and at the moment, the gas-liquid flow of the gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator is reduced, and the separation efficiency is reduced. In other words, the traditional gas-liquid separator designed according to the optimal working point has smaller working elasticity and low matching degree with the variable power operation range of the fuel cell, which is not beneficial to the long-term stable operation of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell system.
For this reason, the invention patent application with publication number CN112316569a provides a fuel cell gas-liquid separator with adjustable separation efficiency, which is provided with a plurality of separation units, and the baffle plate arranged in the separation units is adjusted by a motor, so that the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel of the separation units is changed, and the separation efficiency of the gas-liquid separator is adjusted.
However, the above technical solution has the following disadvantages:
1. the structure is complex, and the baffle plate of each separation unit needs to be adjusted, so that the reliability of the whole separation unit is affected;
2. the airflow channel is folded back and forth at a plurality of positions, the shape of the airflow channel is extremely irregular, and strong turbulence is easy to appear, so that liquid drops are dispersed into fine mist drops to overflow from the exhaust port, and particularly when the airflow speed is increased, the gas-liquid separation efficiency is rapidly reduced;
3. the multistage separation units form a series structure from bottom to top, only drain water at the bottom, and liquid separated by the separation units positioned above can be atomized again by turbulent flow when flowing through the separation units positioned below, so that the separation efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator which can overcome the problem of poor separation efficiency characteristic curve of the traditional centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone, and keep the mutual matching of a variable gas inlet section and a telescopic overflow pipe with simple structure and easy control, and an oxyhydrogen fuel cell using the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator and a gas-liquid separation adjusting method thereof.
The high-efficiency gas-liquid separator comprises a body, an overflow pipe and at least one air inlet, wherein the body is of a centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone structure, the body comprises a cylinder body and a first cone, the cylinder body and the first cone are vertically arranged, and the first cone is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body in a matching mode and is gradually narrowed downwards; the air inlets are tangentially arranged on the cylinder body; the overflow pipe is matched with the body, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is a gradually narrowed second cone; the overflow pipe is arranged at the top of the cylinder in a sealing sliding manner, and the insertion depth of the overflow pipe in the body is adjustable.
The centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone uses the difference of specific gravity of gas and liquid to separate and adhere the liquid with larger centrifugal force to the cylinder wall, and then collect and discharge the liquid. As described in the background section of this specification, the separation efficiency of a conventional centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone tends to be significantly reduced when the gas-liquid flow rate deviates from the design value. The setting of this application through second cone and scalable overflow pipe can obviously improve separation efficiency characteristic curve: when the gas-liquid flow is low, the overflow pipe moves downwards, the gas-liquid rotational flow speed is improved through the cooperation of the first cone and the second cone, the centrifugal separation effect of liquid drops is enhanced, and meanwhile, the downward movement of the overflow pipe can also prevent the gas-liquid flow with low speed entering the cylinder from the gas inlet from directly escaping from the overflow pipe without separation; when the gas-liquid flow is large, the centrifugal separation effect generated by the gas flow is enough to separate the liquid drops, and at the moment, the overflow pipe is required to move upwards, so that the turbulence intensity of the gas flow in the cylinder body and the first cone is reduced, and the separated liquid drops are prevented from being reentrained into the upward gas flow and atomized and escaping from the overflow pipe. The second cone body can also convert the rotating kinetic energy of the air flow into static pressure energy, so that the integral flow resistance of the air-liquid separator is reduced.
The overflow pipe and the body are arranged in a matching way, namely, when the cross section of the cylinder body is circular, the overflow pipe and the cylinder body are coaxially arranged; when the cross section of the part of the cylinder body is volute, and the cross section of the part of the cylinder body is circular, the overflow pipe and the part of the cylinder body with the circular cross section are coaxially arranged; when the cross-sectional shape of the cylinder is irregular, the overflow pipe is arranged at the center of the cylinder.
Preferably, the taper of the first cone and the second cone are the same; when the overflow pipe slides to the highest position, the lower end of the second cone is not higher than the lower edge of the air inlet, and when the overflow pipe slides to the lowest position, the lower end of the second cone is lower than the upper end of the first cone; the intake port is disposed horizontally or has a downward gradient of not more than 45 ° in the intake direction.
The lower end of the second cone is not higher than the lower edge of the air inlet when the overflow pipe slides to the highest position, namely, the lower end of the second cone is at most flush with the lower edge of the lowest air inlet when the lower end of the second cone is adjusted upwards; the lower end of the second cone is lower than the upper end of the first cone when the overflow pipe slides to the lowest position, namely the second cone enters the interior of the first cone. The first cone and the second cone adopt different taper collocations to obtain various separation effects, when the first cone is arranged to be the same taper, when the second cone descends into the first cone, the gas-liquid rotational flow speed can be obviously improved, and the rotational flow speed adjusting range is increased. When the overflow pipe is adjusted in an upward sliding way, the lower end of the second cone body is not higher than the lower edge of the air inlet, so that the gas-liquid flow entering from the air inlet is prevented from directly escaping from the overflow pipe. The air inlet is horizontally arranged in a common mode, but the air inlet can also have a downward gradient along the air inlet direction so as to prevent liquid drops attached to the side wall of the air inlet from flowing backwards when the air flow speed is low.
Preferably, the section of the air inlet is polygonal, circular or elliptical and is positioned at the top of the cylinder; the air inlet is provided with at least one adjusting plate in a matching way and is used for changing the air inlet cross-sectional area of the air inlet.
The adjusting plate is used for adjusting the speed of the inlet air flow, and similar to the adjustment of the overflow pipe, when the air-liquid flow is smaller, the air inlet cross section area of the air inlet can be reduced through the adjusting plate, and the air-liquid flow rate is increased; the gas-liquid flow rate is increased by increasing the inlet cross-sectional area to reduce the gas-liquid flow rate. Through the cooperation regulation of regulating plate and overflow pipe, can reach the effect that obviously improves separation efficiency curve.
Preferably, the section of the air inlet is rectangular, the adjusting plate is rectangular which is arranged in a matching way, one end far away from the cylinder body is hinged to the inner wall of the air inlet through a hinge shaft, and the hinge shaft is positioned on one side close to the center of the cylinder body; the side wall of the air inlet is provided with an adjusting column in a sealing and sliding way, and the adjusting column is used for adjusting the angle between the adjusting plate and the inner wall.
By increasing or decreasing the depth of the adjusting post into the rectangular air inlet, the adjusting plate is rotated about the hinge axis and the air inlet cross-sectional area of the air inlet is changed. The adjusting column is in sliding connection with the adjusting plate, namely, the adjusting column slides on the surface of the adjusting plate when the angle between the adjusting plate and the inner wall of the air inlet is changed. Can be realized by a sliding block hinged with the end part of the adjusting column and a sliding rail arranged on the adjusting plate.
Preferably, the adjusting plate comprises an inner plate and an outer plate which are in sliding sleeve joint with each other, the hinge shaft is arranged on the inner plate, and a pin shaft parallel to the hinge shaft is arranged at one end of the outer plate away from the hinge shaft; the barrel is provided with a part of arc-shaped arc chute matched with the pin shaft, and the pin shaft is arranged in the arc chute in a sliding manner, so that the pin shaft slides in the arc chute when the adjusting column adjusts the angle of the adjusting plate and the inner wall.
Through above-mentioned setting, can be that the regulating plate keep away from the one end of articulated shaft and the inner wall parallel and level of barrel all the time, can furthest reduce the air current of intaking and produce the torrent in the air inlet. Meanwhile, when the hinge shaft is arranged on one side close to the center of the cylinder, the inlet air flow can be close to the inner wall of the cylinder when entering the cylinder, and the air flow can be smooth. When the turbulence is less, the probability that liquid drops in the air flow are atomized or the liquid drops on the inner wall of the air inlet and the inner wall of the cylinder body are brought into the air flow by the turbulence can be reduced, so that the effect of gas-liquid separation is ensured.
Preferably, the section of the air inlet is rectangular, and the adjusting plate is rectangular which is arranged in a matching way and is arranged on one side wall of the air inlet in a sliding way in a sealing way. Another arrangement mode of the adjusting plate is that the adjusting plate is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet in a penetrating way in a sealing and sliding way to form a flashboard-shaped mechanism.
Preferably, the middle part of the regulating plate is provided with a rotating shaft in a coplanar manner, and the rotating shaft is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet in a penetrating manner in a sealing manner perpendicular to the air inlet direction; the shape of the adjusting plate is matched with the section of the air inlet. The other setting mode of the adjusting plate is to set a rotating shaft which is sealed and penetrated on the side wall of the air inlet to form a butterfly valve or a throttle valve-shaped mechanism of the internal combustion engine, the section of the air inlet can be rectangular, other polygons, or round or oval, and the adjusting plate is correspondingly matched and arranged.
The oxyhydrogen fuel cell provided by the application comprises a gas-liquid separator for separating reaction water from reaction gas; the gas-liquid separator is any one of the high-efficiency gas-liquid separators; the overflow pipe further comprises a controller and a first adjusting mechanism, wherein the controller controls the first adjusting mechanism to adjust the insertion depth of the overflow pipe.
Different from a large cyclone separator for dust separation in feed, pharmaceutical or industrial and mining enterprises, the size of the gas-liquid separator for the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is smaller, the working pressure is generally not more than 0.2MPa, the characteristic dimension of the gas-liquid separator suitable for the hundred kilowatt-level oxyhydrogen fuel cell is only in the centimeter level, and the adjustment and sealing of an overflow pipe are easy to realize. For example, a miniature telescopic servo motor can be used for realizing accurate and rapid adjustment of the overflow pipe, and a sliding seal bearing can be used for realizing sealing sliding connection between the overflow pipe and the cylinder.
Preferably, the gas-liquid separator is the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator with the adjusting plate; the controller also controls the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the adjusting plate so as to change the air inlet cross-sectional area of the air inlet. The adjusting plate can also be accurately and quickly adjusted by a miniature servo motor.
The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell gas-liquid separation adjusting method is used for adjusting the gas-liquid separator of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, and the gas-liquid separator is the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator with the adjusting plate; when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a low-power operation condition, the insertion depth is increased, and the air inlet interface area is reduced; and when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a high-power operation condition, the insertion depth is reduced, and the air inlet cross-sectional area is increased.
The technical effect of this application lies in:
1. through matching of two adjusting measures of the variable air inlet section and the telescopic overflow pipe, the gas-liquid separator of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell can keep the high-efficiency separation of liquid drops by the gas-liquid separator under wider working load, reduce the content of liquid drops carried in oxygen and provide powerful support for the long-term stable operation of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell system;
2. through the matching arrangement of the first cone and the second cone of the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separation can be carried out on gas-liquid flow with small flow rate, and high separation efficiency can be maintained;
3. the centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone structure is adopted to ensure that the separator has compact structure, and meanwhile, the overflow pipe and the adjusting plate are simple, quick and accurate to control, few in moving parts and reliable to work;
4. one end of the adjusting plate is hinged to one side of the air inlet close to the center of the cylinder, and the other end of the adjusting plate is arranged in an arc-shaped chute on the cylinder in a sliding mode through a pin shaft, so that turbulence generated by the adjusting plate when the air inlet flow is adjusted is minimum, the air inlet flow is close to the inner wall of the cylinder, turbulence generated by the air inlet flow is further reduced, and separated liquid drops on the inner wall of the air inlet and the inner wall of the cylinder are reduced to enter the air flow again.
Drawings
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a high efficiency gas-liquid separator of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment state of the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a high efficiency gas-liquid separator of a second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modification of the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variation of the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another variation of the second embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an oxyhydrogen fuel cell according to the third embodiment (only relevant parts are shown);
FIG. 8 is a low power state gas-liquid separator conditioning state schematic diagram of embodiment four;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a high power state gas-liquid separator conditioning state according to embodiment four;
reference numerals illustrate:
1. the device comprises an air inlet, a cylinder, a first cone, a overflow pipe, a regulating plate, a hinge shaft, a regulating column, a rotary shaft, a controller, a first regulating mechanism, a second regulating mechanism, a curved chute, 401, a second cone, 501, an inner plate, 502, an outer plate and 503, and a pin shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application or the prior art, a specific embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For simplicity of illustration, only the parts relevant to the present application are schematically shown in the figures, which do not represent actual components of the product, method, or process flow. In addition, in order to simplify the drawing for understanding, only one of the components or modules having the same structure or function is schematically shown in some of the drawings, or only one of them is labeled. Herein, "a" means not only "only this one" but also "more than one" case.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. In this document, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
Embodiment one: an efficient gas-liquid separator.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator of the present embodiment includes a body forming a centrifugal gas-liquid cyclone structure, an overflow pipe 4 and at least one gas inlet 1, the body includes a cylinder 2 and a first cone 3 which are vertically arranged, the cross section of which is circular, and the first cone 3 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder 2 in a matching manner and gradually narrows down; the overflow pipe 4 is coaxially matched with the cylinder 2 and the first cone 3, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is a second cone 401 which is gradually narrowed; the overflow pipe 4 is arranged at the top end of the cylinder body 2 in a sealing sliding manner, and the insertion depth in the body is adjustable. The air inlet 1 is horizontally arranged and is tangential to the cylinder 2. The taper of the first cone 3 and the second cone 401 are the same.
Fig. 1 shows the overflow pipe 4 in a state of being inserted deeper for gas-liquid separation when the gas-liquid flow rate is low. The lower end of the second cone 401 is lower than the upper end of the first cone 3, i.e. the second cone 401 enters the first cone 3. At this time, the space in the cylinder 2 is reduced, and simultaneously, through the cooperation of the first cone 3 and the second cone 401, the gas-liquid rotational flow speed in the cylinder 2 and the first cone 3 is improved, the centrifugal separation effect of liquid drops is enhanced, and meanwhile, the downward movement of the overflow pipe 4 can also reduce the probability that the gas-liquid flow with lower speed entering the cylinder 2 from the air inlet 1 directly escapes from the overflow pipe 4 without separation.
Fig. 2 shows the overflow pipe 4 in a state of small insertion depth for gas-liquid separation when the gas-liquid flow rate is large. When the gas-liquid flow rate is large, the gas-liquid rotational flow speed can be kept high even when the space in the cylinder 2 is large, and the centrifugal separation effect is sufficient to separate liquid drops. At this time, the overflow pipe 4 moves upwards, so that the turbulence intensity of the air flow in the cylinder 2 and the first cone 3 can be reduced, and the phenomenon that the separation efficiency of the traditional cyclone separator is lowered in a high-speed air flow state is avoided.
The overflow pipe 4 and the cylinder body 2 are connected in a sliding way by adopting a sealing sliding bearing, and a linear servo motor can be arranged to control the insertion depth of the overflow pipe 4 when the overflow pipe is integrated into a fuel cell.
As a variation of this embodiment, the air inlet 1 may also have a downward slope in the air inlet direction, which is within 45 °, which may encourage the droplets on the inner wall of the air inlet to flow down as soon as possible, avoiding re-entry into the air flow. The upper end of the barrel 2 can also be arranged in a volute shape, namely the air inlet 1 is tangentially connected with the upper end of the barrel 2 in a volute-shaped structure.
Embodiment two: an efficient gas-liquid separator.
This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the section of the air inlet 1 is rectangular, is positioned at the top of the cylinder 2 and is tangentially arranged with the cylinder 2; an adjusting plate 5 is arranged in the air inlet 1 in a matching way and is used for changing the air inlet cross section area of the air inlet 1. The adjusting plate 5 is in a rectangular shape arranged in a matching manner, one side far from the cylinder 2 is hinged to the inner wall of the air inlet 1 through a hinge shaft 6, and the hinge shaft 6 is hinged to the inner wall of the air inlet 1 near the center side of the cylinder 2. An adjusting column 7 is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet 1 in a penetrating way and is used for adjusting the angle between the adjusting plate 5 and the inner wall of the air inlet 1. The adjusting column 7 is vertically arranged on the side wall of the air inlet 1 through a sealing sliding bearing, and the adjusting plate 5 is jacked up when the adjusting column 7 slides towards the inside of the air inlet 1, so that the air inlet cross-sectional area is reduced, and otherwise, the air inlet cross-sectional area is increased.
As a further improvement of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the adjusting plate 5 includes an inner plate 501, an outer plate 502 and a pin 503, the inner plate 501 is hinged to the inner wall of the air inlet 1 through a hinge shaft 6, the outer plate 502 is slidably sleeved on the inner plate 501, and the upper end of the adjusting post 7 is provided with a hinged sliding block and is slidably connected in a sliding rail provided on the outer plate 502 in a matching manner. The pin shaft 503 is fixed to one end of the outer plate 502 far away from the hinge shaft 6, the cylinder 2 is provided with an arc-shaped chute 201 matched with the pin shaft 503, and the pin shaft 503 is arranged in the arc-shaped chute 201 in a sliding manner. The arc chute 201 is arranged along the cross-sectional profile of the barrel 2 in a range of less than a quarter arc. When the overall angular adjustment of the adjustment plate 5 is changed, the pin 503 moves along the arc chute 201, so that the adjustment plate 5 is always located between the hinge shaft 6 and the cross-sectional profile of the cylinder 2. The beneficial effect who sets up so lies in: fully guiding the inlet air flow to enter the cylinder and approach the inner wall of the cylinder 2; the arrangement of the pin shaft 503 and the arc chute 201 also ensures that the adjusting plate 5 does not extend into the cylinder 2, and reduces the influence of the adjusting plate on the rotational air flow in the cylinder. It is of course also possible to hinge the outer plate 502 to the inner wall of the air inlet 1 and to provide the pin 503 on the inner plate 501.
As shown in fig. 5, as a modification of the present embodiment, the adjusting plate 5 may be inserted into a seal chute provided in the side wall of the intake port 1 to constitute a shutter-like mechanism, and the intake cross-sectional area may be adjusted as well.
As shown in fig. 6, as another variation of the present embodiment, a rotation shaft 8 may be arranged in a coplanar manner in the middle of the adjusting plate 1, and the rotation shaft 8 may be sealed and inserted on the side wall of the intake port 1 perpendicular to the intake direction, so as to form a butterfly valve or a throttle-like mechanism of the internal combustion engine. The cross section of the air inlet 1 can be polygonal, circular or elliptic, and the adjusting plate 5 is correspondingly matched. The posture of the regulating plate 5 can be controlled relatively simply by a servo motor.
Embodiment III: an oxyhydrogen fuel cell.
In this embodiment, the droplets in the gas-liquid flow of the oxygen side of a certain type 10 kW-level proton exchange membrane oxyhydrogen fuel cell must be separated and discharged in time to ensure the normal operation of the cell system. Meanwhile, the underwater space is limited, and the oxygen after gas-liquid separation can be recycled so as to reduce the oxygen carrying amount. As shown in fig. 7 (only the gas-liquid separator and related components are shown), the oxyhydrogen fuel cell of the present embodiment includes a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator for separating reaction water generated on the oxygen side from reaction gas as described in the second embodiment; the present embodiment further comprises a controller 9, a first adjustment mechanism 10 and a second adjustment mechanism 11. The controller 9 controls the first adjusting mechanism 10 to adjust the insertion depth of the overflow pipe 4, and controls the second adjusting mechanism 11 to adjust the posture of the adjusting plate 5 to change the intake cross-sectional area of the intake port 1. The first adjusting mechanism 10 and the second adjusting mechanism 11 respectively comprise a miniature linear servo motor and a miniature rotary servo motor, so that accurate and rapid adjustment of the overflow pipe 4 and the adjusting plate 5 is realized.
In the embodiment, the mass flow rate of gas and liquid to be treated on the oxygen side is 4.6 kg/h-9.2 kg/h in the half-power to full-power operation, the volume fraction of liquid phase is not higher than 5%, and the temperature of gas and liquid flow at the gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator is about 17 ℃. The inner diameter of a cylinder body 2 of the efficient gas-liquid separator is 38mm, the cross section size of a rectangular gas inlet 1 is 12mmx20mm, the long side size of a rectangular adjusting plate 5 is 20mm, the diameter of the upper end of an overflow pipe 4 is 16mm, the diameter of the lower end of the overflow pipe is 12mm, and the diameter of the lower end of a first cone 3 is 20mm. Through very simple compact structure, high-efficient gas-liquid separator not only very easily integrates into the less space of underwater vehicle, can also realize the gas-liquid separation effect of ideal.
Embodiment four: a gas-liquid separation adjusting method.
This example was used to adjust the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell described in example three. As shown in fig. 8, when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a low-power operation condition, the spillway 4 is regulated to a lower position by the first regulating mechanism 10, and the intake cross-sectional area is reduced by the second regulating mechanism 11 and the regulating plate 5. At the moment, the gas-liquid flow rate entering the cylinder body 2 from the gas inlet 1 can be increased, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency under the working condition of small flow rate is improved.
As shown in fig. 9, when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a high-power operation condition, the gas-liquid separation efficiency under a high-flow condition is improved by increasing the overflow pipe 4 and simultaneously leveling the adjusting plate 5 to increase the air inlet cross-sectional area. When the battery system is in the intermediate operating condition, the positions of the overflow pipe 4 and the adjusting plate 5 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the adjusting strategy determined by pre-debugging.
The test result shows that when the air flow of the air inlet is 4.6kg/h, the adjusting plate 5 deflects by about 17 degrees relative to the position of fig. 9, and the air-liquid separation efficiency is about 84.3 percent; when the air flow of the air inlet is 7.5kg/h, the deflection of the regulating plate is about 11 degrees, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is about 86.2 percent; when the air flow of the air inlet is 9.2kg/h, the deflection of the regulating plate is about 0 DEG, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is about 85.7%; realizing the full-working-condition high-efficiency gas-liquid separation.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles employed, and various obvious changes, modifications and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Additional advantages and effects of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present application may be embodied or carried out in other specific embodiments, and the details of the present application may be modified or changed from various points of view and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. The above embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For example, the number of the air inlets can be set to be 2 or more, the air inlets can also be arranged in the middle or at the bottom of the cylinder, the air inlets can also be arranged at different heights when the number of the air inlets is multiple, and the adjusting plates in the air inlets can also be arranged multiple according to the situation so as to obtain different separation efficiency characteristics to adapt to different application scenes.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient gas-liquid separator for the gas-liquid separation of the reaction gas of oxyhydrogen fuel cell, includes body, overflow pipe and at least one air inlet that constitutes centrifugal gas-liquid swirler structure, its characterized in that:
the body comprises a cylinder body and a first cone which are vertically arranged, and the first cone is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body in a matching manner and is gradually narrowed downwards;
the air inlets are tangentially arranged on the cylinder body;
the overflow pipe is matched with the body, and the lower end of the overflow pipe is a gradually narrowed second cone;
the overflow pipe is arranged at the top of the cylinder in a sealing sliding manner, and the insertion depth of the overflow pipe in the body is adjustable;
when the overflow pipe slides to the highest position, the lower end of the second cone is not higher than the lower edge of the air inlet, and when the overflow pipe slides to the lowest position, the lower end of the second cone is lower than the upper end of the first cone;
the air inlet is provided with at least one adjusting plate in a matching way and is used for changing the air inlet cross section area of the air inlet;
when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a low-power operation condition, the insertion depth is increased, and the air inlet cross-sectional area is reduced; when the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is in a high-power operation condition, the insertion depth is reduced, and the air inlet cross-sectional area is enlarged;
the section of the air inlet is rectangular, the adjusting plate is rectangular which is arranged in a matching way, one end far away from the cylinder body is hinged to the inner wall of the air inlet through a hinge shaft, and the hinge shaft is positioned at one side close to the center of the cylinder body; an adjusting column is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet in a sealing and sliding way and used for adjusting the angle between the adjusting plate and the inner wall;
the adjusting plate comprises an inner plate and an outer plate which are in sliding sleeve joint with each other, the hinge shaft is arranged on the inner plate, and a pin shaft parallel to the hinge shaft is arranged at one end of the outer plate, which is far away from the hinge shaft;
the barrel is provided with a part of arc-shaped arc chute matched with the pin shaft, and the pin shaft is arranged in the arc chute in a sliding manner, so that the pin shaft slides in the arc chute when the adjusting column adjusts the angle of the adjusting plate and the inner wall.
2. The high efficiency gas-liquid separator of claim 1, wherein:
the taper of the first cone and the taper of the second cone are the same;
the intake port is disposed horizontally or has a downward gradient of not more than 45 ° in the intake direction.
3. An oxyhydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that:
comprises a gas-liquid separator for separating reaction water from reaction gas;
the gas-liquid separator is the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator as claimed in claim 1 or 2;
the overflow pipe further comprises a controller and a first adjusting mechanism, wherein the controller controls the first adjusting mechanism to adjust the insertion depth of the overflow pipe.
4. A hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the controller also controls the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the adjusting plate so as to change the air inlet cross-sectional area of the air inlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111063172.XA CN113967392B (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Efficient gas-liquid separator, oxyhydrogen fuel cell and gas-liquid separation adjusting method |
| CN202410053180.3A CN117797558A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | High-efficiency gas-liquid separator and oxyhydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN202111063172.XA CN113967392B (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Efficient gas-liquid separator, oxyhydrogen fuel cell and gas-liquid separation adjusting method |
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| CN212791455U (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-03-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Cyclone separator |
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- 2021-09-10 CN CN202111063172.XA patent/CN113967392B/en active Active
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| CN200991661Y (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2007-12-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Air-liquid cyclone separator with conic-cover shape exhaust pipe structure |
| CN102794033A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-11-28 | 常州大学 | Oil-gas-water three-phase hypergravity separator |
| CN203124134U (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-14 | 威海市海王旋流器有限公司 | Novel adjustable concentric double-overflowing-pipe type three-product hydrocyclone |
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| CN113967392A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
| CN117797558A (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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