CN113960507B - Device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy - Google Patents
Device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113960507B CN113960507B CN202111221344.1A CN202111221344A CN113960507B CN 113960507 B CN113960507 B CN 113960507B CN 202111221344 A CN202111221344 A CN 202111221344A CN 113960507 B CN113960507 B CN 113960507B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy, which comprises: the magnetic core comprises a polygonal magnetic core and a plurality of groups of coils, wherein coils with different directions are wound on the polygonal magnetic core, the magnetic core gathers magnetic fields with different directions, the coils convert magnetic field energy into electric energy, and voltage signals which are induced and output are used for reflecting magnetic field information, so that the omnidirectional information acquisition of an environmental magnetic field and the total collection of the magnetic field energy are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic energy collecting devices, in particular to a device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy.
Background
The acquisition of magnetic field information and the collection of energy are techniques for generating an induced voltage by inducing a change in an environmental magnetic field by a coil using faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and converting electromagnetic energy into an electric signal or electric energy. The technology can not only identify and acquire the characteristics of the space magnetic field, but also collect energy by utilizing the space electromagnetic energy in the environment, and has important significance in some scenes of inconvenient external power supply, so that the technology is widely studied. The coil is wound on the magnetic core with high magnetic permeability, so that the effects of space magnetic field information acquisition and energy collection can be further enhanced, and the magnetic field energy collection device formed by the magnetic core and the coil is widely applied and researched at present.
The current magnetic field information and energy acquisition structure can be divided into three types: the first is wireless power and electric signal transmission, which uses electromagnetic coupling resonance principle to transmit power or signal from transmitting coil to receiving coil, and the main application is wireless charging and communication of consumer electronics; the second type is invasive power frequency magnetic field energy collection, which is composed of an annular magnetic core and a winding, and is mainly applied to a high-voltage transmission line; the third is a radio frequency signal and energy collection antenna, which is composed of micro antennas with impedance matching, and is mainly applied to radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting and energy collection.
The three spatial magnetic field signal acquisitions and energy harvesting can only be directed to a single direction or oriented magnetic field. However, the spatial distribution of the magnetic field in the environment is usually two-dimensional to three-dimensional, so that the unidirectional magnetic field information and energy collecting device is usually required to be matched with a plurality of modules according to the spatial magnetic field distribution characteristics, the system volume is increased, the flexibility is reduced, and the application scene of the device is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art that the application of a plurality of devices to sense the three-dimensional space magnetic field information and acquire the magnetic field energy, which leads to the increase of the system volume, the decrease of the flexibility and the limitation of the application scene of the devices, thereby providing a device for acquiring the three-dimensional space magnetic field information and the energy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the invention provides a device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy, which comprises the following components: the magnetic core comprises a polygonal magnetic core and a plurality of groups of coils, wherein each group of coils is wound on the magnetic core, the orientation of each group of coils is different, and the magnetic core is used for gathering magnetic fields in different directions;
the coil converts magnetic field energy into electrical energy and the inductively output voltage signal is used to reflect magnetic field information.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core includes: support, polylith magnetic plate, wherein, every magnetic plate all is connected with the support, and every magnetic plate's orientation is different, the magnetic plate is used for gathering the magnetic field.
In one embodiment, the support comprises: the magnetic field collecting device comprises a sphere, an x-direction column, a y-direction column and a z-direction column, wherein one end of each column is connected with the sphere, the other end of each column is vertically and fixedly connected with a magnetic plate, and a group of coils are wound on each column.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core is made of a magnetic core material with high magnetic permeability.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core is an integrally formed structure, and the magnetic core is formed by compression molding ferrite powder and a binder.
In one embodiment, after the magnetic fields in each direction are superimposed, the magnetic flux on each direction cylinder is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
magnetic flux on columns in x direction, y direction, z direction, mu eq Is equivalent to magnetic permeability B x For magnetic induction, S is the area of the magnetic plate and w is the superposition factor.
In one embodiment, the number of turns of each set of coils is determined based on the magnetic field and the actual required output power.
In one embodiment, the open circuit voltage in each direction is:
in the formula e x 、e y 、e z Open circuit voltages in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are respectively given, and N is the number of turns of the coil.
In one embodiment, the output power and the total output power of the directional circuit are:
wherein R is L Is a load resistance, r is the internal resistance of the coil, P x 、P y 、P z Output power in x direction, y direction, z direction, P out Is the total output power.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core is placed according to the following principles: if the magnetic fields in all directions are different in size, the direction of the minimum magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic plate; if the magnetic field directions in all directions are equal, one magnetic plate is selected to be opposite to the magnetic field direction in which the magnetic plate is positioned, and a magnetic core is placed.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the device for acquiring the three-dimensional space magnetic field information and the energy, provided by the invention, the coils with different orientations are wound on the polygonal magnetic cores, the magnetic cores gather magnetic fields with different directions, the coils convert the magnetic field energy into electric energy, and the induced output voltage signals are used for reflecting the magnetic field information, so that the environment magnetic field distribution characteristics and the magnetic field energy are completely collected.
2. The invention provides a device for acquiring information and energy of a three-dimensional space magnetic field, wherein a magnetic core comprises: a support, a plurality of magnetic plates, the support comprising: the magnetic core is of an integrated structure, so that the magnetic plates of the magnetic field are only required to be concentrated on three sides, and the process difficulty of the magnetic core and the volume and cost of the magnetic core are reduced.
3. According to the device for acquiring the three-dimensional space magnetic field information and the energy, when the sizes of magnetic fields in all directions are unequal, the direction of the magnetic field with the smallest placement principle is opposite to that of the magnetic plate, so that the maximum magnetic field energy taking is realized, and the device is suitable for application in various scenes.
4. The device for acquiring the three-dimensional space magnetic field information and the energy is based on a three-dimensional omnidirectional near-field magnetic field data acquisition probe (magnetic core) and a coil which can be flexibly configured. The three-dimensional omnidirectional near-field magnetic field data acquisition probe consists of a polygonal special-shaped magnetic core formed by a central sphere, a plurality of columns and asymmetric three-sided magnetic plates, and can collect magnetic fields in different directions. Meanwhile, the amplification factor of the collected signals can be improved through the arrangement of the number of turns of the coil and the magnetic core material, and the magnetic field information collection range is enlarged. By the device for acquiring the three-dimensional magnetic field information and the energy, the magnetic field information at the test point can be acquired and the magnetic field energy which can be acquired at the test position and time can be output.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are each a schematic diagram of a specific example of a device for acquiring information and energy of a three-dimensional space according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 (a) and fig. 2 (b) are schematic diagrams of a magnetic core placement rule according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of simulation results provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be communicated inside the two components, or can be connected wirelessly or in a wired way. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Examples
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy, which is applied to occasions for carrying out omnidirectional collection on environmental magnetic field distribution characteristics and magnetic field energy, and comprises the following steps: the magnetic core of polygonal shape and multiunit coil, wherein, every coil of group all twines on the magnetic core, and every coil of group's orientation is different, and the magnetic core is used for gathering the magnetic field of different directions, and the coil is with magnetic field energy conversion to the electric energy to the voltage signal of induced output is used for reacting magnetic field information.
Specifically, the magnetic core of the embodiment of the invention is a polygonal magnetic core, and can collect magnetic fields in multiple directions in a three-dimensional space, wherein the directions are not limited to the x direction, the y direction and the z direction of a three-dimensional coordinate system, so that the collection and the perception of the magnetic fields in all directions in the three-dimensional space are realized.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core comprises: support, polylith magnetic plate, wherein, every magnetic plate all is connected with the support, and every magnetic plate's orientation is different. Specifically, the number of the magnetic plates in the embodiment of the invention can be determined according to the number of the magnetic fields in the direction which are collected as required.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the support includes: a sphere 1 for collecting a magnetic field, an x-direction cylinder 21, a y-direction cylinder 22, and a z-direction cylinder 23.
Specifically, one end of each cylinder is connected with the sphere 1, the other end of each cylinder is vertically and fixedly connected with a magnetic plate, and a group of coils are wound on each cylinder. That is, one end of the x-direction column 21 is connected to the sphere 1, the other end is fixedly connected to the x-direction magnetic plate 31 vertically, and the x-direction column 21 is wound with the x-direction coil 41; one end of the y-direction column 22 is connected with the sphere 1, the other end is vertically and fixedly connected with the y-direction magnetic plate 32, and the y-direction column 22 is wound with a y-direction coil 42; one end of the z-direction column 23 is connected with the sphere 1, the other end is fixedly connected with the z-direction magnetic plate 33 vertically, and the z-direction column 23 is wound with a z-direction coil 43.
In order to avoid that the unidirectional magnetic field information and the energy collecting device are usually required to be matched with a plurality of modules according to the spatial magnetic field distribution characteristics, which causes the increase of the system volume, the reduction of the flexibility and the application scene of the limiting device, the magnetic core of the embodiment of the invention is of an integrated structure, namely, the column bodies in all directions, the magnetic plates in all directions and the sphere 1 are compressed and molded by adopting ferrite powder and a binder through the magnetic core, wherein the ferrite magnetic core material has the characteristics of high magnetic conductivity and low loss. However, the magnetic core is not limited to this, and may be manufactured by a method of connecting a plurality of magnetic modules with an adhesive material.
In one embodiment, the number of turns of each set of coils, which are wound with copper wire, is determined by the magnetic field and the actual required output power for each of the x-direction coil 41, the y-direction coil 42, and the z-direction coil 43.
In one embodiment, the magnetic core is placed according to the following principles: the minimum magnetic field direction is opposite to the magnetic plate direction, if the magnetic fields in all directions are equal, one magnetic plate is selected to be opposite to the magnetic field direction in which the magnetic plate is positioned, and a magnetic core is placed.
Specifically, assuming that the environmental magnetic field is x-axis peak value Bx, y-axis peak value By, z-axis peak value Bz, magnetic field frequencies are f, magnetic plate areas of the collecting magnetic field are S, and the relationship between the magnetic field energy/information collecting device and the environmental magnetic field is obtained By the following devices: comparing the magnitudes of magnetic fields in three directions, assuming Bx > Bz > By, the magnetic core device is placed in the orientation shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), and the principle of placing the magnetic core device is as follows: the direction of the smallest magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic plate, i.e. the magnetic field in the y-direction is smallest, the direction of the magnetic field in the y-direction should be opposite to the direction of the magnetic plate in the y-direction.
In one embodiment, since the ferrite core has a convergence effect on the magnetic field, the convergence effect is related to the thickness of the magnetic plate, and the convergence coefficient is k, and k >1, so that the independently converged magnetic fluxes of the magnetic fields in all directions are:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,
the concentrated magnetic fluxes in the x direction, the y direction, and the z direction, respectively.
Since the sphere 1 supported by the magnetic core is made of ferrite material, the magnetic field collected in each direction of x, y and z affects the columns in other directions along the magnetic field, the influence coefficient is related to the radius of the sphere 1, and the influence coefficient is w, and w is less than 0.5, so that the magnetic flux on the columns in each direction after superposition in each direction is as follows:
in the formula (2), the amino acid sequence of the compound,
the magnetic flux on the cylinder in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively.
If the N turns of copper wires with the turns of N are wound on the columns in all directions to form N turns of energy-taking coils, the method is based on the law of electromagnetic induction:
in the formula (3), e i Is a magnetically induced voltage.
Then the open circuit voltage in each direction can be obtained according to the equation (2) and the equation (3) as follows:
in formula (4), z x 、z y 、z z The open circuit voltages in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are respectively.
The embodiment of the invention can be formed by winding the copper wire, so that the internal resistance of the coil is in direct proportion to the length of the copper wire and in inverse proportion to the cross section area of the copper wire, and according to the principle of maximum power matching, when the load connected with the coil is equal to the internal resistance of the coil, the circuit has maximum output power. Let the load resistance be R L The internal resistance of the coil is r, and according to the relation between the sinusoidal voltage and the effective voltage value, the output power and the total output power of the circuit in each direction can be obtained as follows:
in the formula (5), P x 、P y 、P z Output power in x direction, y direction, z direction, P out Is the total output power.
The embodiment of the invention is based on the magnetic core placement method shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a simulation model is built by using COMSOL simulation software, and fig. 3 is a simulation result diagram, which shows the relationship between three-dimensional omni-directional magnetic field distribution characteristics and the distribution of an energy collecting device and an environmental magnetic field through simulation analysis in table 1. It can be seen that the device gives the best collection results when placed in the manner described above.
TABLE 1
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for three-dimensional spatial magnetic field information and energy acquisition, comprising: a polygonal magnetic core and a plurality of groups of coils, wherein,
each group of coils is wound on the magnetic core, the orientation of each group of coils is different, and the magnetic core is used for gathering magnetic fields in different directions;
the coil converts magnetic field energy into electric energy, and the induced output voltage signal is used for reflecting magnetic field information;
the magnetic core includes: the magnetic device comprises a support and a plurality of magnetic plates, wherein each magnetic plate is connected with the support, the orientation of each magnetic plate is different, and the magnetic plates are used for converging magnetic fields;
the support comprises: the magnetic field collecting device comprises a sphere, an x-direction column, a y-direction column and a z-direction column, wherein one end of each column is connected with the sphere, the other end of each column is vertically and fixedly connected with a magnetic plate, and a group of coils are wound on each column;
after the magnetic fields in all directions are overlapped, the magnetic flux on the column body in all directions is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,φ' x 、φ' y 、φ' z the magnetic flux on the columns in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively,μ eq for the equivalent magnetic permeability,B x is thatxDirectionThe magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field,B y for the magnetic induction intensity in the y-direction,B z is the magnetic induction intensity in the z direction,Sfor the area of the magnetic plate,win order for the superposition factor to be a factor,fis the magnetic field frequency.
2. The apparatus for three-dimensional spatial magnetic field information and energy acquisition according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic core is made of a magnetic core material having a high magnetic permeability.
3. The apparatus for three-dimensional spatial magnetic field information and energy acquisition according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic core is an integrally formed structure, and the magnetic core is compression-molded by ferrite powder and a binder.
4. The apparatus for three-dimensional spatial magnetic field information and energy acquisition according to claim 1, wherein the number of turns of each set of coils is determined according to the magnetic field and the actual required output power.
5. The apparatus for three-dimensional spatial magnetic field information and energy acquisition according to claim 4, wherein the open circuit voltage in each direction is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,e x 、e y 、e z open circuit voltages in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively,Nfor the number of turns of the coil,ffor the frequency of the magnetic field,μ eq for equivalent permeability, S is the magnetic plate area,B x is thatxThe magnetic induction intensity in the direction is controlled,B y for the magnetic induction intensity in the y-direction,B z the magnetic induction intensity in the z direction.
6. The apparatus for three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy acquisition according to claim 4, wherein the output power and total output power of each directional circuit are:
in the method, in the process of the invention,R L in order to provide a load resistance,ris the internal resistance of the coil,P x 、P y 、P z the output power in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively,P out in order to be able to output the power in total,ffor the frequency of the magnetic field,μ eq for equivalent permeability, S is the magnetic plate area,B x is thatxThe magnetic induction intensity in the direction is controlled,B y for the magnetic induction intensity in the y-direction,B z the magnetic induction intensity in the z direction.
7. The device for acquiring three-dimensional space magnetic field information and energy according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic core is placed according to the following principle: if the magnetic fields in all directions are different in size, the direction of the minimum magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic plate; if the magnetic field directions in all directions are equal, one magnetic plate is selected to be opposite to the magnetic field direction in which the magnetic plate is positioned, and a magnetic core is placed.
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| CN102593964A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-18 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Direction-adaptive magnetic coupling resonant wireless power supply method and device |
| JP2014087125A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-12 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | Non-contact power transmission device |
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| CN106324533A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Rectangular structure designed tri-axial induction type magnetic field sensor |
| CN206864285U (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-01-09 | 福州大学 | A kind of wireless charging magnetic coupling arrangement for multi-load |
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