CN113960350A - High-safety-level multi-channel current sensor and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/32—Compensating for temperature change
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor and a measuring method thereof, and the high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method comprises the following steps of S1: a first interface of the current sensor acquires signals through a shunt resistor on a test bus and outputs digital signals through a CAN bus to obtain first current data, and a battery management system performs first processing on the first current data; step S2: while step S1 is being executed, the second interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection by the hall sensor and obtains an output analog quantity signal. The invention discloses a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor and a measuring method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of current measurement of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method and a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor.
Background
With the rapid popularization of new energy automobiles, automobiles driven by motors gradually become the mainstream direction of the development of new energy automobiles, and the charge-discharge characteristics of batteries serving as energy storage equipment of electric automobiles are very critical indexes.
The publication number is: CN109649215A, the subject name of which is the invention patent of the safety monitoring and management system of the lithium battery of the electric vehicle, the technical scheme thereof discloses that the safety monitoring and management system is composed of a BMS, a cloud server and a mobile terminal APP; the BMS comprises a micro control unit, an acquisition module, a charge and discharge control module and a wireless transmission management module, wherein the acquisition module, the charge and discharge control module and the wireless transmission management module are respectively and electrically connected with the micro control unit; the acquisition module comprises a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor and is used for acquiring the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery pack in the using process; the charge and discharge control module performs charge and discharge control according to the battery information acquired by the acquisition module; the BMS is in signal connection with the cloud server through the wireless transmission management module; the mobile terminal APP is in signal connection with the cloud server;
taking the above invention patent as an example, although it is mentioned that the current is sampled by the current sensor and then transmitted to the BMS, the technical solution of the invention is different from that of the present invention, the current sensor is taken as a key core component in the BMS system, which is not only related to the use efficiency of the battery, but also related to the driving safety of the automobile, and the current sensor used in the industry at present, such as the current sensor of the above invention patent, has the following defects:
1. the safety level is not enough, and the safety level of the current sensor on the market at present is ASIL B level or C level;
2. single-channel measurement, when the current sensor fails, the system loses the collection of current data;
3. single channel testing, when subject to electromagnetic and ESD interference, can lose current measurement data or produce erroneous data.
Therefore, the above problems are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor and a measuring method thereof, which sample data such as current of an electric car through two different sampling modes, and when one sampling mode fails, the other sampling mode can still normally measure the current, so that the system can not lose the sampling of the current data.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a high-security multi-channel current sensor and a measurement method thereof, wherein the two-channel collection mode can effectively avoid the influence of electromagnetism or ESD on data, and the BMS compares the two-channel measurement results in real time to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack and the optimal charging and discharging time in time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel current sensor and a measuring method thereof with high safety level, which perform measurement through multiple channels, wherein one channel performs sampling through a shunt in cooperation with a first processor, and the other channel performs sampling through a hall sensor, so as to realize multi-channel real-time measurement of the current of the electric car.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method for collecting current data of an electric car, comprising the following steps:
step S1: a first interface of the current sensor collects signals through a shunt resistor on a test bus and outputs digital signals through a CAN bus to obtain first current data, and a battery management system performs first processing on the first current data (first interface detection);
step S2: while step S1 is being performed, the second interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection by the hall sensor and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain second current data and the battery management system performs second processing (second interface detection) on the second current data.
As a further preferable embodiment of the above technical means, step S1 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S1.1: when current flows through the test bus, a first processor of the current sensor collects voltage through a delta-sigma digital-to-analog converter, converts the collected voltage data into current data and outputs a digital signal through a CAN bus to be transmitted to a Battery Management System (BMS), the battery management system supplies power to the current sensor through a power module, and the current sensor isolates the test bus on a high-voltage side from the battery management system on a low-voltage side through a transceiver (isolation transceiver) and an isolation transformer which communicate through the CAN;
step S1.2: the battery management system receives the voltage signal and then judges whether the voltage signal accords with the CAN network protocol rule, if so, the step S1.3 is executed;
step S1.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric vehicle through the voltage signal and converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and the battery management system transmits the response signal to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) through a controller area network.
As a further preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, step S1.3 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S1.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a first voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the first voltage measurement signal to obtain a first monitoring state;
step S1.3.2: the battery management system compares the first monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S1.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to monitor each battery continuously;
step S1.3.3: the battery management system transmits a first alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the analog measurement signal obtained through the second channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
As a further preferable embodiment of the above technical means, step S2 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1: when current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the generated magnetic field is gathered in the magnetic ring through the gathering action of the annular magnetic core (of the current sensor), so that the Hall sensor in the air gap of the magnetic ring performs linear detection on a magnetic circuit, and the Hall voltage is output to a battery management system after being amplified;
step S2.2: the battery management system compares the Hall voltage with a preset voltage threshold value to judge whether the Hall voltage reaches the preset voltage threshold value;
step S2.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric vehicle by a hall voltage signal and converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and the battery management system transmits the response signal to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
As a further preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, step S2.3 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a second voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the second voltage measurement signal to obtain a second monitoring state;
step S2.3.2: the battery management system compares the second monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the second monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S2.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to continuously monitor each battery;
step S2.3.3: the battery management system transmits a second alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the measurement signal obtained through the first channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the collecting in step S1.1 includes a voltage measurement parameter, a current measurement parameter, a temperature measurement parameter, and a CAN protocol.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the step S2.1 detects the magnetic induction intensity parameter including a voltage measurement parameter, a current measurement parameter and a current measurement parameter.
As a more preferable embodiment of the above-mentioned technical means, the step S2 is followed by further comprising:
step S3: while step S2 is being performed, when current flows through the test busbar, a magnetic field is generated around the test busbar, and the third interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection through the fluxgate circuit and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain third current data and the control circuit of the fluxgate circuit performs third processing on the third current data (when current flows through the test busbar, a magnetic field is generated around the test busbar, a fluxgate coil winding around the test busbar, a magnetic field generated by a magnetic core in the fluxgate coil is calculated by the control circuit to obtain current data of the test busbar);
step S4: while executing step S3, when a current flows through the test bus, the fourth interface of the current sensor performs non-contact current collection through the mutual inductance circuit and obtains an output analog signal, so as to obtain fourth current data, and the control circuit of the mutual inductance circuit performs fourth processing on the fourth current data (when a current flows through the test bus, an inductance coil is fixed around the test bus, and current data generated by the inductance coil is calculated in the control circuit, so as to obtain current data of the test bus);
step S5: while executing step S4, when a current flows through the test bus, the fifth interface of the current sensor simultaneously collects the current through the MOSFET sensor connected in series in the test bus and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain fifth current data and the control circuit of the MOSFET sensor performs fifth processing on the fifth current data (when a current flows through the test bus, the MOSFET sensor connected in series in the test bus calculates the current data flowing through the MOSFET sensor in the control circuit, thereby obtaining the current data of the test bus);
step S6: while step S5 is being performed, when a current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the sixth interface of the current sensor linearly detects the magnetic circuit through a giant magnetoresistance GMR sensor (or a tunnel magnetoresistance TMR sensor) placed in parallel on one side of the test bus, and by outputting the voltage after amplification to the battery management system, the output voltage is calculated by a control circuit of the battery management system to obtain the current value in the test bus.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor for implementing the high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. two-way output to avoid common cause failure
2. Filtering software and hardware;
3. temperature compensation;
4. calibrating an EOL system;
5. the two-path acquisition mode can effectively avoid the influence of electromagnetism or ESD on data, and the BMS compares the measurement results of the two paths in real time and controls the charging and discharging of the battery pack and the optimal charging and discharging time in time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor and a measuring method thereof.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should note that the CAN bus, the battery management system, the ECU, and the like, to which the present invention relates, may be regarded as the prior art.
Preferably, the new energy vehicle comprises a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and the vehicle comprises an automobile, a truck, a passenger car, a motorcycle, and the like.
Preferred embodiments.
The invention discloses a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method, which is used for collecting current data of an electric car and comprises the following steps:
step S1: a first interface of the current sensor collects signals through a shunt resistor on a test bus and outputs digital signals through a CAN bus to obtain first current data, and a battery management system performs first processing on the first current data (first interface detection);
step S2: while step S1 is being performed, the second interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection by the hall sensor and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain second current data and the battery management system performs second processing (second interface detection) on the second current data.
Specifically, step S1 is implemented as the following steps:
step S1.1: when current flows through the test bus, a first processor of the current sensor collects voltage through a delta-sigma digital-to-analog converter, converts the collected voltage data into current data and outputs a digital signal through a CAN bus to be transmitted to a Battery Management System (BMS), the battery management system supplies power to the current sensor through a power module, and the current sensor isolates the test bus on a high-voltage side from the battery management system on a low-voltage side through a transceiver (isolation transceiver) and an isolation transformer which communicate through the CAN;
step S1.2: the battery management system receives the voltage signal and then judges whether the voltage signal accords with the CAN network protocol rule, if so, the step S1.3 is executed;
step S1.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric vehicle through the voltage signal and converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and the battery management system transmits the response signal to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) through a controller area network.
More specifically, step S1.3 is embodied as the following steps:
step S1.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a first voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the first voltage measurement signal to obtain a first monitoring state;
step S1.3.2: the battery management system compares the first monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S1.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to monitor each battery continuously;
step S1.3.3: the battery management system transmits a first alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the analog measurement signal obtained through the second channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
Further, step S2 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1: when current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the generated magnetic field is gathered in the magnetic ring through the gathering action of the annular magnetic core (of the current sensor), so that the Hall sensor in the air gap of the magnetic ring performs linear detection on a magnetic circuit, and the Hall voltage is output to a battery management system after being amplified;
step S2.2: the battery management system compares the Hall voltage with a preset voltage threshold value to judge whether the Hall voltage reaches the preset voltage threshold value;
step S2.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric vehicle by a hall voltage signal and converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and the battery management system transmits the response signal to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
Further, step S2.3 is embodied as the following steps:
step S2.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a second voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the second voltage measurement signal to obtain a second monitoring state;
step S2.3.2: the battery management system compares the second monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the second monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S2.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to continuously monitor each battery;
step S2.3.3: the battery management system transmits a second alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the measurement signal obtained through the first channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
Preferably, the acquisition in step S1.1 includes voltage measurement parameters, current measurement parameters, temperature measurement parameters and CAN protocol.
Preferably, the detection in step S2.1 comprises a voltage measurement parameter, a current measurement parameter and a magnetic induction strength parameter.
Preferably, step S2 is followed by:
step S3: while step S2 is being performed, when current flows through the test busbar, a magnetic field is generated around the test busbar, and the third interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection through the fluxgate circuit and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain third current data and the control circuit of the fluxgate circuit performs third processing on the third current data (when current flows through the test busbar, a magnetic field is generated around the test busbar, a fluxgate coil winding around the test busbar, a magnetic field generated by a magnetic core in the fluxgate coil is calculated by the control circuit to obtain current data of the test busbar);
step S4: while executing step S3, when a current flows through the test bus, the fourth interface of the current sensor performs non-contact current collection through the mutual inductance circuit and obtains an output analog signal, so as to obtain fourth current data, and the control circuit of the mutual inductance circuit performs fourth processing on the fourth current data (when a current flows through the test bus, an inductance coil is fixed around the test bus, and current data generated by the inductance coil is calculated in the control circuit, so as to obtain current data of the test bus);
step S5: while executing step S4, when a current flows through the test bus, the fifth interface of the current sensor simultaneously collects the current through the MOSFET sensor connected in series in the test bus and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain fifth current data and the control circuit of the MOSFET sensor performs fifth processing on the fifth current data (when a current flows through the test bus, the MOSFET sensor connected in series in the test bus calculates the current data flowing through the MOSFET sensor in the control circuit, thereby obtaining the current data of the test bus);
step S6: while step S5 is being performed, when a current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the sixth interface of the current sensor linearly detects the magnetic circuit through a giant magnetoresistance GMR sensor (or a tunnel magnetoresistance TMR sensor) placed in parallel on one side of the test bus, and by outputting the voltage after amplification to the battery management system, the output voltage is calculated by a control circuit of the battery management system to obtain the current value in the test bus.
The invention also discloses a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor, which is used for implementing the high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method.
Preferably, the high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor comprises a shunt, a Hall sensor and the like, 2 interfaces are respectively connected with the BMS to realize 2-path data transmission, and the two interfaces are divided into two paths for sampling;
the first path is used for collecting current signals from the current divider when current flows into the current sensor through the current divider, and forms specific CAN digital signals through the conversion of an internal circuit to be transmitted to the BMS;
and meanwhile, sampling is carried out through a second path, a current signal on the shunt is collected through the cooperation of the Hall sensor and the magnetic core, and a specific analog signal is formed and transmitted to the BMS through conversion of an internal circuit.
Preferably, the object of the present invention is to provide a current sensor with multiple sampling with safety level reaching ASIL D, so as to provide safer and more accurate current measurement, wherein the current sensor comprises a test bus, a hall sensor, a test 1 circuit, a test 2 circuit, and 2 interfaces, and the sensor respectively realizes 2-way data transmission with the BMS;
when current flows into the current sensor through the test bus, the current of the test 1 is converted through the shunt to collect current signals from the test bus, specific CAN digital signals are formed and transmitted to the BMS through the conversion of the internal circuit 1, the BMS analyzes voltage signals, and the conversion process comprises voltage value collection, voltage amplification, hardware filtering, software filtering, fault monitoring, temperature compensation, voltage value calculation, current value calculation, CAN message e2e protection, CAN message sending and the like.
It should be noted that the technical features of the CAN bus, the battery management system, the ECU, and the like related to the present patent application should be regarded as the prior art, and the specific structure, the operation principle, the control mode and the spatial arrangement mode of the technical features may be selected conventionally in the field, and should not be regarded as the invention point of the present patent, and the present patent is not further specifically described in detail.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made in the embodiments and/or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method is used for collecting current data of an electric car and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: a first interface of the current sensor acquires signals through a shunt resistor on a test bus and outputs digital signals through a CAN bus to obtain first current data, and a battery management system performs first processing on the first current data;
step S2: while step S1 is being performed, the second interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection by the hall sensor and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain second current data and the battery management system performs second processing on the second current data.
2. The high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is implemented as the following steps:
step S1.1: when current flows through the test bus, a first processor of the current sensor collects voltage through a digital-to-analog converter, converts the collected voltage data into current data, outputs a digital signal through a CAN bus, and transmits the current data to a battery management system, the battery management system supplies power to the current sensor through a power module, and the current sensor isolates the test bus positioned on a high-voltage side from the battery management system positioned on a low-voltage side through a transceiver and an isolation transformer which are communicated through the CAN;
step S1.2: the battery management system receives the voltage signal and then judges whether the voltage signal accords with the CAN network protocol rule, if so, the step S1.3 is executed;
step S1.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car through the voltage signal, converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and transmits the response signal to the electronic control unit through the controller local area network.
3. A high security level multi-channel current sensor measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S1.3 is embodied as the following steps:
step S1.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a first voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the first voltage measurement signal to obtain a first monitoring state;
step S1.3.2: the battery management system compares the first monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S1.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to monitor each battery continuously;
step S1.3.3: the battery management system transmits a first alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the analog measurement signal obtained through the second channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
4. The high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the step S2 is implemented by the following steps:
step S2.1: when current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the generated magnetic field is gathered in the magnetic ring through the gathering action of the annular magnetic core, so that the Hall sensor in the air gap of the magnetic ring performs linear detection on a magnetic circuit, and the Hall voltage is amplified and then output to the battery management system;
step S2.2: the battery management system compares the Hall voltage with a preset voltage threshold value to judge whether the Hall voltage reaches the preset voltage threshold value;
step S2.3: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car through the signal of the Hall voltage, converts the voltage measurement result into a response signal, and transmits the response signal to the electronic control unit.
5. A high security level multi-channel current sensor measuring method according to claim 4, characterized in that step S2.3 is embodied as the following steps:
step S2.3.1: the battery management system measures the voltage of each battery of the electric car to obtain a second voltage measurement signal, and monitors each battery of the electric car in real time according to the second voltage measurement signal to obtain a second monitoring state;
step S2.3.2: the battery management system compares the second monitoring state with a preset state threshold to determine whether the second monitoring state reaches the preset state threshold, if so, step S2.3.3 is executed, otherwise, the battery management system continues to continuously monitor each battery;
step S2.3.3: the battery management system transmits a second alarm signal to the electronic control unit, and compares the current monitoring result of the measurement signal obtained through the first channel, so that the current sensor continuously measures the current in a correct measurement mode.
6. A high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method according to claim 5, characterized in that the collection in step S1.1 comprises voltage measurement parameters, current measurement parameters, temperature measurement parameters and CAN protocol.
7. A high-security-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the detection in step S2.1 includes a voltage measurement parameter, a current measurement parameter and a magnetic induction strength parameter.
8. The high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measuring method according to claim 7, wherein the step S2 is followed by further comprising:
step S3: while step S2 is being performed, when current flows through the test busbar, a magnetic field is generated around the test busbar, and the third interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection through the fluxgate circuit and obtains an output analog quantity signal to obtain third current data and the control circuit of the fluxgate circuit performs third processing on the third current data;
step S4: while executing step S3, when a current flows through the test bus, the fourth interface of the current sensor simultaneously performs non-contact current collection through the mutual inductance circuit and obtains an output analog quantity signal, so as to obtain fourth current data, and the control circuit of the mutual inductance circuit performs fourth processing on the fourth current data;
step S5: while executing step S4, when the current flows through the test bus, the MOSFET sensor whose fifth interface is connected in series in the test bus at the same time collects the current and obtains the output analog quantity signal to obtain fifth current data and the control circuit of the MOSFET sensor performs fifth processing on the fifth current data;
step S6: while step S5 is being performed, when a current flows through the test bus, a magnetic field is generated around the test bus, the sixth interface of the current sensor linearly detects the magnetic circuit through the giant magnetoresistance GMR sensor placed in parallel on the side of the test bus, and by outputting the voltage to the battery management system after amplification, the output voltage is calculated by the control circuit of the battery management system to obtain the current value in the test bus.
9. A high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor for carrying out a high-safety-level multi-channel current sensor measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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