CN113960101A - Visualization of CO2Mixed working medium saturation state point test system - Google Patents
Visualization of CO2Mixed working medium saturation state point test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113960101A CN113960101A CN202111313001.8A CN202111313001A CN113960101A CN 113960101 A CN113960101 A CN 113960101A CN 202111313001 A CN202111313001 A CN 202111313001A CN 113960101 A CN113960101 A CN 113960101A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visual CO2Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, including the working medium precooler, the working medium storage tank, the evaporimeter, the heat exchanger, the front end precooler, the front end condenser, subcooler and visual observer, working medium precooler exit end is connected to working medium storage tank entry end, working medium storage tank exit end is connected to the evaporimeter entry end, all be provided with the pipeline sight glass at the exit end of working medium precooler and working medium storage tank, be provided with visual precooling observer between front end precooler and front end condenser, be provided with visual condensation observer between front end condenser and subcooler. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the visual window, experimenters can visually observe the states of liquid drop generation and bubble disappearance in the phase change process of the working medium, and record by using the high-speed camera, so that the accuracy of actually measured data can be effectively ensured, and the CO is subjected to the detection of the state of the liquid drop generation and the bubble disappearance2The mixed working medium saturated state point test experiment has important use value and is suitable for conversion application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal equipment, relates to a mixed working medium measuring technology, and particularly relates to a visual CO (carbon monoxide)2A mixed working medium saturation state point testing system.
Background
With the increasing prominence of the problem of energy shortage and the enhancement of environmental awareness, the attention, research and utilization of renewable energy sources in the whole society are continuously enhanced. Geothermal power generation and ground source heat pump heating are the main modes of utilizing geothermal resources at present, and selecting proper working media aiming at different grade heat source conditions and utilization modes becomes the key point of research so as to expect to maximally utilize the geothermal resources, improve the efficiency and reduce the loss.
In order to improve the efficiency of a geothermal power generation and ground source heat pump system and reduce the loss of heat transfer process in an evaporator and a condenser, the temperature difference between a working medium and cold and heat source fluids in the heat transfer process is required to be as small as possible. The existing system mostly adopts a single working medium, the working medium undergoes a phase change process of constant temperature and constant pressure in an evaporator and a condenser, the temperature difference between the working medium and a cold and heat source fluid is large, the heat exchange loss is large, and the heat exchange is carried outResulting in a decrease in the net output of the system. CO 22The mixed working medium is prepared from CO2Mixed with organic working medium, the temperature is changed in the process of constant pressure heat exchange in the evaporation and condenser, the temperature slippage phenomenon exists, the temperature difference between the working medium and the cold and heat source fluid is small,
the loss is less and the system output can be more.
The existing mixed working medium heat exchange experiment mainly focuses on researching the influence of fluid flow, heat exchanger structure and size on heat transfer coefficient, and has no relation to the pressure-variable temperature-variable phase-change heat transfer process in a two-phase region and the measurement of a saturated liquid state point and a saturated vapor state point. CO 22And the critical pressure ratio of the mixture is higher, the requirement on the pressure resistance of the system pipeline assembly is higher, and particularly the design, processing and manufacturing difficulty of the visual assembly is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a visual CO2Mixed working medium saturated state point test system capable of realizing CO2The mixed working medium has a condensation process of temperature slippage and measurement of saturated liquid point and saturated vapor point of the mixed working medium, and the phase change process can be recorded by a high-speed camera. All parts in the system are compact and reasonable in arrangement, the thermophysical property parameters of the working medium can be accurately measured by selecting the measuring point positions, and a visual window is convenient for an experimenter to observe the experimental phenomenon most visually.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
visual CO2The mixed working medium saturated state point test system comprises a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, an organic working medium tank, a working medium precooler, a working medium storage tank, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a front-end precooler, a front-end condenser, a subcooler and a visual observer, wherein outlet ends of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are converged and communicated to an inlet end of the working medium precooler, an outlet end of the working medium precooler is connected to an inlet end of the working medium storage tank, an outlet end of the working medium storage tank is connected to an inlet end of the evaporator, and the working medium precooler are connected with an inlet end of the working medium storage tankThe outlet end of matter storage tank all is provided with the pipeline sight glass, the evaporimeter connect gradually heat exchanger, front end precooler, front end condenser, subcooler, the outlet end backward flow of subcooler communicate to working medium storage tank, be provided with first visual observer between front end precooler and front end condenser, visual precooling observer promptly is provided with the visual observer of second, visual condensation observer promptly between front end condenser and subcooler.
The visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer are identical in structure and comprise a shell, a working medium inlet is formed in the upper side end of the shell, a cooling water inlet is formed in the lower side end of the shell, aluminum-silicon glass windows are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the shell, a high-speed camera is arranged at the front end of each aluminum-silicon glass window, and temperature measuring kits are arranged on the visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention has scientific design, reasonable and compact pipeline arrangement, no influence among all the flow channels, strong operability and capability of accurately controlling the switching among the pipelines and the flow of the valve, and experimenters can visually observe the generation of liquid drops and the disappearance of bubbles in the phase change process of the working medium through a visual window; two windows are arranged on the opposite sides of the visual observer, so that a light source is ensured to enter a blind spot-free state; a plurality of high-precision pressure sensors and temperature sensors are arranged in the system, so that the accuracy of measured data can be ensured; meanwhile, the safety valve adopted by the system can ensure that the working medium circulation pipeline is within a safe pressure range, ensure the life safety of experimenters and carry out CO treatment2The mixed working medium saturated state point test experiment has important use value and is suitable for conversion application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system connection of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (front view) of the visualization component of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are illustrative only and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Visual CO2A mixed working medium saturated state point testing system is shown in figure 1 and comprises a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 3, an organic working medium tank 2, a working medium precooler 5, a working medium storage tank 20, an evaporator 9, a heat exchanger 12, a front-end precooler 13, a front-end condenser 16, a subcooler 18 and a visual observer, wherein outlet ends of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are converged and communicated to an inlet end of the working medium precooler, an outlet end of the working medium precooler is connected to an inlet end of the working medium storage tank, an outlet end of the working medium storage tank is connected to an inlet end of the evaporator, and outlet ends of the working medium precooler and the working medium storage tank are respectively provided with a pipeline sight glass 6.
The evaporator is sequentially connected with a heat exchanger, a front-end precooler, a front-end condenser and a subcooler, the outlet end of the subcooler is communicated with the working medium storage tank in a backflow mode, a first visual observer, namely a visual precooling observer 14, is arranged between the front-end precooler and the front-end condenser, and a second visual observer, namely a visual condensation observer 17, is arranged between the front-end condenser and the subcooler.
The visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer have the same structure, and as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer are respectively provided with an alumino-silica glass window 24, which is installed on two sides of the shell through a mounting flange 25, a high-speed camera 15 is arranged on the front end of the alumino-silica glass window, and temperature measuring kits 22 are respectively arranged on the visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer.
The lower parts of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are respectively provided with a weight sensor 1, and the outlet ends of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are respectively provided with a pressure reducing valve 4.
A safety valve 10 and a throttle valve 11 are provided between the evaporator and the heat exchanger.
The refrigerants of the working medium precooler and the subcooler are provided by a liquid nitrogen tank 21.
A vacuum pump 19 and a carbon dioxide booster pump 7 are arranged at the end of the working medium storage tank, and a gear flowmeter 8 is also arranged at the outlet end of the working medium storage tank.
Meanwhile, sensor elements with monitoring functions such as a flow sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged at the chemical assembly end according to monitoring requirements.
The working process of the system is as follows:
and (3) vacuumizing: and opening valves in the working medium precooling pipeline and the circulation loop, opening the vacuum pump to vacuumize the experimental system, and closing the valves and the vacuum pump when the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump displays that the numerical value is not reduced.
A working medium filling process: firstly, recording an initial measurement value of the weight sensor, opening a liquid nitrogen tank valve and a liquid nitrogen precooling pipeline valve, enabling liquid nitrogen to flow into a working medium precooler, and reducing the temperature in the heat exchanger. And closing the stop valve, adjusting the pressure of the working medium at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve, allowing the working medium to flow into the working medium precooler through the stop valve to be cooled by liquid nitrogen, and observing the state of the working medium and the temperature and pressure data measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor through a pipeline sight glass to judge whether the working medium is completely condensed into a liquid state.
And when the working medium is in a full liquid state, opening the stop valve to enable the working medium to flow into the working medium storage tank, closing the valve at the moment, and recording the numerical value of the weight sensor after the working medium is filled. And injecting a second working medium according to the same method, closing the stop valve after filling, and disconnecting the filling system from the working medium circulation loop.
A working medium circulation loop: and opening the stop valve to enable the liquid mixed working medium in the working medium storage tank to enter the booster pump after passing through the pipeline window, and sending the liquid mixed working medium into the evaporator after passing through the flow meter, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor under the condition that the pressure of the liquid mixed working medium is increased to the required condition of the experiment. The reflux quantity is adjusted by the opening degree of the valve, and the flow quantity of the working medium entering the evaporator is further controlled.
The working medium absorbs the heat provided by the hot water in the evaporator and is vaporized to a superheated state, and the degree of steam superheat is judged by numerical values measured by a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The safety valve is arranged behind the evaporator to ensure that the pressure value is in a safety range after the working medium absorbs heat and is vaporized so as to avoid safety accidents. The working medium flows through the throttle valve, the pressure and the temperature are reduced, whether the state of the working medium reaches the set condition after throttling is judged through data measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the working medium is changed by adjusting the flow rate of cooling water flowing through the heat exchanger.
The working medium from the heat exchanger flows through the temperature sensor and then is sent into the front-end precooler to be cooled to the position near the saturated gaseous state point, and the overheating degree of the gaseous working medium is judged through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. And then, the working medium is sent into a visual precooling observer, is further cooled by cooling water to generate liquid drops, can shoot the generation phenomenon of the liquid drops through a high-speed camera, and measures the temperature when the liquid drops are generated through a built-in temperature sensor of the visual observer.
Two groups of oppositely-opened windows are arranged on the visual observer, so that the generation of liquid drops can be observed conveniently. The front end condenser is connected with the visual precooling observer through a pipeline. The working medium releases heat in the front-end condenser to supply cooling water, the dryness is continuously reduced, the gas components are continuously reduced, and a few bubbles are remained and are close to a saturated liquid point.
Working medium coming out of the front-end condenser flows into the visual condensation observer, cooling water continues to provide cooling capacity for the working medium, bubbles in the working medium can be seen to be reduced in the window until the bubbles disappear, and the working medium is completely condensed into a liquid state. The change situation at this moment is shot through a high-speed camera, and temperature data are recorded by a temperature sensor arranged in a visual assembly. And (3) sending the cooled working medium into a subcooler, and supercooling to a certain degree through liquid nitrogen to ensure that the working medium returned to the working medium storage tank is completely liquid, thereby completing a cycle.
The hot water pump in the pipeline provides power required by hot water flowing, cooling heat release loads in other heat exchangers are provided by cooling water, the water pump provides power for each cooling water loop, the flow rate of the cooling water is measured by the turbine flowmeter, and the inlet and outlet temperatures of each cooling water loop are measured by the temperature sensor.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (6)
1. Visual CO2Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, an organic working medium tank, a working medium precooler, a working medium storage tank, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a front-end precooler, a front-end condenser, a subcooler and a visual observer, wherein outlet ends of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are converged and communicated to an inlet end of the working medium precooler, an outlet end of the working medium precooler is connected to an inlet end of the working medium storage tank, an outlet end of the working medium storage tank is connected to an inlet end of the evaporator, pipeline sight glasses are arranged at outlet ends of the working medium precooler and the working medium storage tank, the evaporator is sequentially connected with the heat exchanger, the front-end precooler, the front-end condenser and the subcooler, an outlet end of the subcooler is communicated to the working medium storage tank in a backflow mode, a first visual observer, namely the visual precooler, is arranged between the front-end condenser and the subcooler, and a second visual observer is arranged between the front-end condenser and the subcooler, i.e. a visual condensation viewer.
2. The visual CO of claim 12Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, its characterized in that: the visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer are identical in structure and comprise a shell, a working medium inlet is formed in the upper side end of the shell, a cooling water inlet is formed in the lower side end of the shell, aluminum-silicon glass windows are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the shell, and a high-speed camera is arranged at the front end of each aluminum-silicon glass window.
3. A visual CO according to claim 1 or 22Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, its characterized in that: and temperature measuring kits are arranged on the visual precooling observer and the visual condensation observer.
4. The visual CO of claim 12Mixing toolQuality saturation state point test system, its characterized in that: the lower parts of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are respectively provided with a weight sensor, and the outlet ends of the carbon dioxide gas cylinder and the organic working medium tank are respectively provided with a pressure reducing valve.
5. The visual CO of claim 12Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, its characterized in that: a safety valve and a throttle valve are arranged between the evaporator and the heat exchanger.
6. The visual CO of claim 12Mixed working medium saturated state point test system, its characterized in that: a vacuum pumping pump and a carbon dioxide booster pump are arranged at the end of the working medium storage tank, and a gear flowmeter is also arranged at the outlet end of the working medium storage tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313001.8A CN113960101A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Visualization of CO2Mixed working medium saturation state point test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313001.8A CN113960101A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Visualization of CO2Mixed working medium saturation state point test system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113960101A true CN113960101A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313001.8A Pending CN113960101A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Visualization of CO2Mixed working medium saturation state point test system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113960101A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-08 CN CN202111313001.8A patent/CN113960101A/en active Pending
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