CN113959939A - Magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113959939A CN113959939A CN202111200058.7A CN202111200058A CN113959939A CN 113959939 A CN113959939 A CN 113959939A CN 202111200058 A CN202111200058 A CN 202111200058A CN 113959939 A CN113959939 A CN 113959939A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plate forming. Magnetorheological fluid is filled in the medium bin, one end of the medium bin is connected with the extrusion head, the extrusion head is provided with an extrusion hole, the other end of the medium bin is connected with the plunger, the pressure sensor is arranged at the end part of the plunger, and the plunger can make linear displacement under the action of an external power device; a containing chamber is arranged at one end, close to the extrusion head, inside the medium bin, a plate to be tested can be fixed in the containing chamber, a plurality of groups of through flow holes are formed in the side wall of the containing chamber, and the through flow holes are distributed along the length direction of the plate; a plurality of through flow holes in each group of through flow holes are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the accommodating chamber; the coil is sleeved outside the whole medium bin. The invention can simulate the three-dimensional stress state of the plate in the real forming process, is close to the actual working condition to the maximum extent, and the measured friction has important significance for simulation, experimental analysis and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plate forming, and particularly relates to a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device and a working method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of aviation, aerospace and automobiles, high requirements such as light weight, high precision, complex structures and the like are put forward for parts. The traditional materials and forming technology cannot meet the requirements to a certain extent, the proportion of light high-strength materials such as magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-strength steel and the like in the materials is gradually increased, and the soft die forming technology also occupies more proportion in the actual production in the technology.
The magnetorheological fluid soft mold forming technology is an intelligent medium soft mold forming technology which is rapidly developed in recent years, and due to the special effect of the magnetorheological fluid, the magnetorheological fluid can flexibly adjust the constitutive relation of the magnetorheological fluid according to the size of an external magnetic field, so that the transition from a liquid state to a semi-solid state is realized. In the plate forming technology, magnetorheological fluid is used as a force transmission medium, so that key parameters such as liquid chamber pressure, plate/liquid interface friction and the like in each forming stage can be better adjusted, each forming stage of the plate is effectively controlled, and the plate forming quality is improved.
The magnetorheological fluid shows different forms under different magnetic field strengths, and the friction force between the magnetorheological fluid and the plate is different under each constitutive relation. The friction force plays an important role in the flowing of the sheet material in the forming process, and has a great influence on important parameters such as the surface quality, the dimensional accuracy and the like of the formed part, and the parameters play a very important role in finishing whether the sheet material can be formed with high quality or not. The friction force measuring method widely used at present can only measure the friction force of a material under a given special stress state, and the experimental result is over-ideal and has a larger difference with the actual friction force.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device and a working method thereof, which can simulate a three-dimensional stress state of a plate in a real forming process, and maximally approach to an actual working condition, and the measured friction force has important significance for simulation, experimental analysis, and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device, which comprises an extrusion head, a medium bin, a coil, a plunger and a pressure sensor, wherein the extrusion head is arranged on the extrusion head; magnetorheological fluid is filled in the medium bin, one end of the medium bin is connected with the extrusion head, the extrusion head is provided with an extrusion hole, the other end of the medium bin is connected with the plunger, the pressure sensor is arranged at the end part of the plunger, and the plunger can make linear displacement under the action of an external power device; a containing chamber is arranged at one end, close to the extrusion head, inside the medium bin, a plate to be tested can be fixed in the containing chamber, a plurality of groups of through flow holes are formed in the side wall of the containing chamber, and the through flow holes are distributed along the length direction of the plate; a plurality of through flow holes in each group of through flow holes are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the accommodating chamber; the coil is sleeved outside the whole medium bin.
Preferably, the upper end of the medium bin is screwed with an extrusion head fixing ring, and the extrusion head fixing ring is screwed with the extrusion head.
Further preferably, sealing rings are arranged between the extrusion head and the extrusion head fixing ring and between the extrusion head fixing ring and the medium bin.
Preferably, the center of the bottom of the accommodating chamber is detachably connected with a block, and the block is connected with the plate.
Preferably, the through-flow hole sets up 4 ~ 6 groups, and the interval of every group equals, and 4 ~ 8 through-flow holes of every group circumference equipartition, the diameter of through-flow hole is 4 ~ 6 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the extrusion hole on the extrusion head is 0.5-3 mm.
Preferably, the extrusion head, the media cartridge and the plunger are made of non-magnetic steel.
The invention discloses a working method of the magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the ascending speed V of the plunger and the aperture D of an extrusion hole on the extrusion head according to the actual working condition of the plate during forming; magnetorheological fluid is filled in the medium bin;
s2: columnThe upper part of the piston moves upwards to discharge the air in the medium bin, and the coil is electrified to provide the magnetic field intensity B for the magnetorheological fluid1The magnetorheological fluid is transformed from a liquid state to a semi-solid state;
s3: the plunger ascends at a speed V and stops after the force-displacement curve is stabilized to obtain F1Repeated several times to obtain an average value
The plunger moves downwards at a speed V until the pressure in the medium bin is 0 MPa;
s4: emptying and cleaning the medium bin, installing and fixing the plate in the accommodating chamber, repeating S2, moving the plunger upwards at a speed V to push the magnetorheological fluid to act on the plate, so that the plate is in a three-dimensional stress state, and stopping after a force-displacement curve is stable to obtain F2Repeating the above steps several times to obtain an average value
Simultaneously obtaining the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor;
s5: calculating the friction force to which the sheet is subjected
And calculating the positive pressure N-P-S, wherein S is the surface area of the plate, and obtaining the friction coefficient mu-N/f.
Preferably, 0T ≦ B1≤0.2T。
Preferably, V is 0.02 mm/s-2.5 mm/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device.A medium cabin is internally provided with an accommodating chamber, the side wall of the accommodating chamber is provided with a through hole, a plate to be measured is placed in the accommodating chamber, magnetorheological fluid is extruded by a plunger, and the magnetorheological fluid acts on the plate under the action of a stable magnetic field generated by an external coil. Meanwhile, the device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in assembly, high repeatability of measurement results, accurate measurement values and the like, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Furthermore, the medium bin, the fixed ring of the extrusion head and the extrusion head are connected in a pairwise manner through threads, so that the extrusion heads with different extrusion apertures are conveniently detached and replaced, and the inside of the medium bin is conveniently cleaned.
Furthermore, the sealing rings are arranged between the extrusion head and the extrusion head fixing ring and between the extrusion head fixing ring and the medium bin, so that the sealing performance of the device can be improved, the magnetorheological fluid is prevented from being leaked, and the stable pressure in the medium bin is ensured.
Furthermore, the center of the bottom of the accommodating chamber is detachably connected with a blocking block, the blocking block is connected with the plate, the plate is convenient to mount and dismount, and the plates with different parameters are replaced.
Furthermore, 4-6 groups of through-flow holes are arranged, the distance between every two groups is equal, 4-8 through-flow holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of each group, and the through-flow holes are uniformly distributed in the height direction and the radial direction, so that the stress of the plate is more uniform, the problem of overlarge local stress is avoided, and the stress state of the plate in the actual forming process is closer to the stress state of the plate; the diameter of the through-flow hole is 4-6mm, the uniformity of plate stress can be guaranteed through proper aperture size, and the stress state of the plate can be influenced by undersize or oversize.
Furthermore, the diameter of an extrusion hole in the extrusion head is 0.5-3 mm, and the extrusion head with a proper hole diameter can be selected to be matched with the magnetic field intensity to simulate the pressure intensity in the medium bin in the real plate forming process according to the actual experiment requirements.
Furthermore, the metal parts of the extrusion head, the medium bin, the plunger and the like are made of non-magnetic steel, so that a magnetic field can completely act on the magnetorheological fluid, and the property of the magnetorheological fluid is ensured to be changed under the action of the magnetic field.
The working method of the magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, has high automation degree, does not depend on the experience and skill level of an operator, has high repeatability of measuring results and is accurate in measuring numerical values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus when no plate is placed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus before the start of the test after the placement of the sheet material;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus at the beginning of the test after the sheet material is placed;
FIG. 4 is a graph of force versus displacement obtained without and with a sheet placed.
In the figure: 1-extrusion head, 2-extrusion head fixing ring, 3-sealing ring, 4-medium chamber, 5-plate, 6-block, 7-magnetorheological fluid, 8-coil, 9-plunger, 10-pressure sensor, 11-holding chamber, 12-through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device of the present invention, which comprises an extrusion head 1, a medium chamber 4, a coil 8, a plunger 9 and a pressure sensor 10; magnetorheological fluid 7 is filled in the medium bin 4, one end of the medium bin 4 is connected with the extrusion head 1, the extrusion head 1 is provided with an extrusion hole, the other end of the extrusion head is connected with the plunger 9, the pressure sensor 10 is arranged at the end part of the plunger 9, and the plunger 9 can make linear displacement under the action of an external power device; a containing chamber 11 is arranged at one end, close to the extrusion head 1, inside the medium bin 4, a plate 5 to be tested can be fixed in the containing chamber 11, a plurality of groups of through flow holes 12 are arranged on the side wall of the containing chamber 11, and the through flow holes 12 are distributed along the length direction of the plate 5; a plurality of through-flow holes 12 in each group of through-flow holes 12 are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the accommodating chamber 11; the coil 8 is sleeved outside the whole medium bin 4. The pressure sensor 10 is connected to an external computer and the coil 8 is connected to an external power supply.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the medium chamber 4 is screwed with the extrusion head fixing ring 2, and the extrusion head fixing ring 2 is screwed with the extrusion head 1. Preferably, sealing rings 3 are arranged between the extrusion head 1 and the extrusion head fixing ring 2 and between the extrusion head fixing ring 2 and the medium bin 4.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the central bottom of the housing 11 is detachably connected with a block 6, and the block 6 is connected with the plate 5. The block 6 may be a wedge block.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 4-6 groups of the through-flow holes 12 are arranged, the distance between each group is equal, 4-8 through-flow holes 12 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of each group, and the diameter of each through-flow hole 12 is 4-6 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the extrusion holes of the extrusion head 1 is 0.5 to 3 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main metal components of the extrusion head 1, the extrusion head fixing ring 2, the medium chamber 4 and the plunger 9 are made of non-magnetic steel.
The working method of the magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the ascending speed V of the plunger 9 and the aperture D of an extrusion hole on the extrusion head 1 according to the actual working conditions, such as a magnetic field, pressure intensity and the like, of the plate 5 during forming; filling magnetorheological fluid 7 into the medium bin 4, and not placing the plate 5 at the moment, as shown in figure 2;
s2: the plunger 9 moves upwards to discharge the air in the medium chamber 4, and the coil 8 is electrified to provide the magnetic field intensity B for the magnetorheological fluid 71Such that the magnetorheological fluid 7 is transformed from a liquid state to a semi-solid state;
s3: the plunger 9 moves upwards at a speed V and stops when a force-displacement curve measured by the pressure sensor 10 and an external displacement sensor connected with the plunger 9 is stable, and F is obtained1Repeating the above steps for 3-5 times to obtain an average value
The plunger 9 moves downwards at a speed V until the pressure in the medium bin 4 is 0 MPa;
s4: as shown in fig. 3, the medium chamber 4 is emptied and cleaned, the plate 5 is installed and fixed in the accommodating chamber 11, S2 is repeated, the plunger 9 moves upwards at the speed V to push the magnetorheological fluid 7 to act on the plate 5, so that the plate 5 is in a three-way stress state, and the magnetorheological fluid stops after the force-displacement curve is stable, and F is obtained2Repeating the above steps for 3 to 5 times,taking the mean value
Meanwhile, the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor 10 is obtained;
s5: calculating the friction to which the sheet 5 is subjected
As shown in fig. 4, the positive pressure N ═ P × S is calculated, and S is the measured surface area of the plate material 5, and the friction coefficient μ ═ N/f is obtained.
Examples
The device comprises an extrusion head 1, an extrusion head fixing ring 2, a sealing ring 3, a medium bin 4, a plate 5, a wedge-shaped block 6, magnetorheological fluid 7, a coil 8 and a plunger piston 9. The extrusion head 1 is an adjustable device with an extrusion aperture D. The medium bins 4 are divided into two types, the common point is that the medium bins are vertically arranged, 4 through-flow holes 12 with the aperture of 4-6mm are uniformly distributed at the same horizontal height in the vertical direction, 4 groups are arranged in total, and the distance between every two groups is 9-11 mm; the difference is that the first type does not have a groove in the center of the medium bin 4, and the second type has a groove in the center of the medium bin 4 for clamping plates. The plunger 9 engages the media cartridge 4 from the bottom of the media cartridge 4 and is attached to the media cartridge 4 with a seal 3 to prevent leakage. Extrude first solid fixed ring 2 outside screw thread and be connected with medium storehouse 4, inside screw thread is connected with extrusion head 1 and prevents to reveal with the cooperation of sealing washer 3. The magnetorheological fluid 7 is filled in a cavity formed by the plunger 9, the medium bin 4 and the extrusion head 1. The coil 8 is positioned at the periphery of all the devices, provides a stable and uniform magnetic field environment for a test area, reduces experimental errors and improves test accuracy.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made to the system described in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may substitute similar alternatives for the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device is characterized by comprising an extrusion head (1), a medium bin (4), a coil (8), a plunger (9) and a pressure sensor (10); magnetorheological fluid (7) is filled in the medium bin (4), one end of the medium bin (4) is connected with the extrusion head (1), the extrusion head (1) is provided with an extrusion hole, the other end of the medium bin is connected with the plunger (9), the pressure sensor (10) is arranged at the end part of the plunger (9), and the plunger (9) can make linear displacement under the action of an external power device; a containing chamber (11) is arranged at one end, close to the extrusion head (1), in the medium bin (4), a plate (5) to be tested can be fixed in the containing chamber (11), a plurality of groups of through flow holes (12) are formed in the side wall of the containing chamber (11), and the through flow holes (12) are distributed along the length direction of the plate (5); a plurality of through flow holes (12) in each group of through flow holes (12) are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the accommodating chamber (11); the coil (8) is sleeved outside the whole medium bin (4).
2. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the medium bin (4) is screwed with the extrusion head fixing ring (2), and the extrusion head fixing ring (2) is screwed with the extrusion head (1).
3. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 2, wherein sealing rings (3) are arranged between the extrusion head (1) and the extrusion head fixing ring (2) and between the extrusion head fixing ring (2) and the medium bin (4).
4. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom center of the accommodating chamber (11) is detachably connected with the block (6), and the block (6) is connected with the plate (5).
5. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the through-flow holes (12) are arranged in 4-6 groups, the distance between each group is equal, 4-8 through-flow holes (12) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of each group, and the diameter of each through-flow hole (12) is 4-6 mm.
6. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the extrusion holes on the extrusion head (1) is 0.5-3 mm.
7. The magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion head (1), the medium bin (4) and the plunger (9) are made of non-magnetic steel.
8. The working method of the magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
s1: determining the ascending speed V of the plunger (9) and the aperture D of an extrusion hole on the extrusion head (1) according to the actual working condition of the plate (5) during forming; magnetorheological fluid (7) is filled in the medium bin (4);
s2: the plunger (9) moves upwards to discharge the air in the medium bin (4), and the coil (8) is electrified to provide magnetic field intensity B for the magnetorheological fluid (7)1The magnetorheological fluid (7) is transformed from a liquid state to a semi-solid state;
s3: the plunger (9) moves upwards at a speed V and stops after the force-displacement curve is stable to obtain F1Repeated several times to obtain an average value
The plunger (9) moves downwards at a speed V until the pressure in the medium bin (4) is 0 MPa;
s4: emptying and cleaning the medium bin (4), installing and fixing the plate (5) in the accommodating chamber (11), repeating S2, enabling the plunger (9) to move upwards at a speed V to push the magnetorheological fluid (7) to act on the plate (5), enabling the plate (5) to be in a three-dimensional stress state, stopping after a force-displacement curve is stable, and obtaining F2，Repeated several times to obtain an average value
Simultaneously obtaining the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor (10);
s5: calculating the friction force to which the sheet (5) is subjected
And calculating the positive pressure N-P-S, wherein S is the surface area of the plate (5) and the friction coefficient N/f is obtained.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein 0T ≤ B is set forth for measuring the plate-liquid interfacial friction coefficient1≤0.2T。
10. The working method of the magnetorheological fluid plate-liquid interface friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 8, wherein V is more than or equal to 0.02mm/s and less than or equal to 2.5 mm/s.
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