CN113959862A - Method and device for measuring sample deformation by using plug-in extensometer of closed heating furnace - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring sample deformation by using plug-in extensometer of closed heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN113959862A CN113959862A CN202111249915.2A CN202111249915A CN113959862A CN 113959862 A CN113959862 A CN 113959862A CN 202111249915 A CN202111249915 A CN 202111249915A CN 113959862 A CN113959862 A CN 113959862A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0694—Temperature
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring sample deformation by a plug-in extensometer of a closed heating furnace, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, connecting the sample with a pull rod; s2, placing the pull rod and the sample into a heating furnace for heat preservation and heating, wherein the end part of the pull rod, which is not connected with the sample, is arranged outside the heating furnace; s3, when the test temperature is reached and the temperature is kept, fixing the pull rod extending out of the outer part of the heating furnace on a drawing machine; s4, stretching the two ends of the pull rod through a stretcher to stress the sample; s5, enabling the extensometer to enter the heating furnace through a hole formed in the heating furnace to contact and tightly push the surface of the sample; and S6, the sample is deformed by the axial stretching of the stretching machine, and the extensometer records data through the deformation sensor and uploads the data to the data processor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring sample deformation by a plug-in extensometer of a closed heating furnace.
Background
The metal material has the advantages that the atomic vibration amplitude is increased due to the temperature rise at high temperature, the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and the like are greatly different from those at room temperature, and the high-temperature tensile test aims to research and understand the properties of the material at high temperature, so that the high-temperature material is selected and developed, wherein the yield strength index is particularly important, and the deformation of a sample must be accurately measured.
The traditional method for measuring the deformation of the sample in the high-temperature tensile test is to use an extension rod to guide the deformation of the sample to the outside of a heating furnace, and the measurement is carried out by a dial indicator or a differential extensometer, so that the defects of inaccurate deformation measurement, inconvenient clamping and incapability of measuring the deformation of plate-shaped and small-sized samples are overcome.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a convenient, efficient and more reasonable method for measuring the deformation of a sample by using an insertable extensometer of a sealed heating furnace, so that the accuracy of the deformation measurement of a high-temperature tensile test is improved, the stability of the temperature in a hearth is ensured, the deformation of a plate-shaped sample and a small-sized sample can be measured, and the difficulty of testers and operation is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for measuring the deformation of a sample by a plug-in extensometer of a closed heating furnace, which comprises the following steps
S1: connecting two ends of the sample with two pull rods respectively in a detachable manner;
s2: loading the samples provided with the pull rods into a heating furnace for heat preservation and heating, wherein the end part of each pull rod, which is not connected with the sample, is arranged outside the heating furnace;
s3: after the test temperature in the heating furnace is reached and the heat is preserved, fixing the end parts of the two pull rods extending out of the outer part of the heating furnace on a stretcher;
s4: stretching two ends of the two pull rods through a stretcher to stress the sample;
s5: one end of the extensometer is inserted into the heating furnace in a direction vertical to the sample through a mounting hole formed on the heating furnace, and contacts and supports against the effective part on the surface of the sample;
s6: the sample is deformed by the axial stretching of the stretcher, and the extensometer senses deformation data and uploads the deformation data to the data processor.
Preferably, a strain sensor is arranged on the end part of the extensometer, which is not inserted into the heating furnace, the end part of the extensometer, which is in contact with the sample, transmits the deformation data of the sample to the strain sensor on the extensometer, and the strain sensor records the deformation data in an induction manner and uploads the deformation data to the data processor.
Preferably, the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for inserting the extensometers, and the distance between the mounting holes is adapted to more than two extensometers with different gauge lengths.
Preferably, the heating furnace is provided with 3 circular mounting holes which are vertically and linearly arranged and have the hole diameter of 5mm, and the distance between every two adjacent mounting holes is 25 mm.
Preferably, the two ends of the sample are of external thread structures, the two pull rods are of internal thread structures, and the two ends of the sample are in threaded connection with each pull rod.
Preferably, a plurality of thermocouples are further arranged on the side wall of the heating furnace and used for detecting test temperatures at different positions in the heating furnace.
Preferably, the sample is a metal sample.
The invention also provides a device for measuring sample deformation by using the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace for realizing the method, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a heating furnace, an extensometer, two pull rods and a stretcher;
the two pull rods are respectively detachably connected to two ends of a sample, the sample is placed in the heating furnace, the end part of each pull rod, which is not connected with the sample, extends out of the top and the bottom of the heating furnace respectively, and the end part of the extending pull rod is connected with the stretcher;
the side wall of the heating furnace is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the extensometer in a direction vertical to the sample;
and the end part of the extensometer extending into the heating furnace is contacted with and tightly attached to the surface of the sample, and is used for measuring the deformation data of the sample.
Preferably, a strain gauge sensor is arranged at the end of the extensometer not inserted into the heating furnace, and the strain gauge sensor is also electrically connected with a data processing device, and the data processing device is used for processing the data.
Preferably, the side wall of the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of thermocouples for detecting the test temperatures at different positions in the heating furnace. The invention has the following beneficial effects:
can directly insert the extensometer and contact the measurement sample deformation through heating furnace trompil department, avoid the extensometer to measure the sample deformation and produce the deviation, the trompil diameter that the oven was opened simultaneously is only 5mm, and harmful heat preservation media such as asbestos need not be filled in also trompil department. The improved heating furnace can effectively avoid heat loss in the heating process, ensures the stability of the temperature in the hearth in the whole test process, can meet the deformation measurement of plate-shaped samples and small-specification samples, and can greatly reduce the operation difficulty of test personnel and improve the efficiency because the sample clamping process does not need a clamping extension rod.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a device for measuring the deformation of a sample by a closed heating furnace plug-in extensometer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method and the device for measuring the deformation of the sample by the closed heating furnace plug-in extensometer provided by the invention are further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for measuring sample deformation by a plug-in extensometer of a closed heating furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1: two ends of a metal sample 3 are respectively connected with a pull rod 4, two ends of the sample 3 are in an external thread structure, the pull rod 4 is in an internal thread structure, and two ends of the sample 3 are in threaded connection with the pull rod 4;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) loading a sample 3 with pull rods 4 at two ends into a heating furnace 1 for heat preservation and heating, wherein the end part of each pull rod 4, which is not connected with the sample 3, is arranged outside the heating furnace 1, and a plurality of thermocouples 5 are also arranged on the heating furnace 1 and used for detecting the temperature of different positions in the heating furnace 1, namely the upper position, the middle position and the lower position;
in this embodiment, each thermocouple 5 may be additionally connected to a temperature control system, and the temperature control system may adjust the temperature in the furnace in real time according to the temperatures detected by each thermocouple 5 at different positions in the furnace, so as to ensure that the temperatures at the positions in the furnace are at the temperatures required by the test in the test process, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly heating the sample 3;
s3: after the temperature in the heating furnace 1 reaches the test temperature and is preserved, the end parts of two pull rods 4 extending out of the heating furnace 1 are fixed on a stretcher (not shown in the figure);
s4: stretching the two pull rods 4 by a stretcher to stress two ends of the sample 3;
s5: inserting an extensometer 2 into a heating furnace 1 in a direction vertical to a sample 3 through a mounting hole 11 formed in the heating furnace 1, and contacting the surface of the sample 3, and transmitting the deformation of the sample 3 to a strain type sensor arranged on the extensometer 2 through the extensometer 2, wherein the strain type sensor is arranged at the end part of the extensometer 2 positioned outside the heating furnace 1;
s6: because sample 3 receives the experimental tensile force that the stretcher applyed along its axial direction, makes sample 3 take place to warp, and strain sensor response deformation data reaches data processor on this moment to the measurement obtains the deformation data that sample 3 produced under the effect of experimental temperature and experimental tensile force.
The invention also provides a device for measuring sample deformation by using the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace for realizing the method, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a heating furnace 1, an extensometer 2, two pull rods 4 and a stretcher; the two pull rods 4 are detachably connected to two ends of the sample 3, the sample 3 is arranged in the heating furnace 1, the end part of each pull rod 4, which is not connected with the sample 3, extends out of the through hole formed in the top and the bottom of the heating furnace 1 respectively, and the aperture of the through hole is small, so that a sealing measure is not needed. The end part of each pull rod 4 extending out of the heating furnace 1 is connected with a stretcher; 1 lateral wall of heating furnace is provided with thermocouple 5 that detects temperature in the heating furnace 1 to and seted up mounting hole 11 and be used for inserting extensometer 2 with perpendicular sample 3's direction, extensometer 2 inserts the tip and the 3 surface contact of sample of heating furnace 1, the tip that extensometer 2 did not insert heating furnace 1 is provided with strain type sensor, the tip that extensometer 2 and sample 3 contacted expands along with sample 3's deformation in test process, and then transmits this expansion to strain type sensor for strain type sensor measures the deformation data that sample 3 produced when experimental. Furthermore, the strain sensor is electrically connected with a computer serving as a data processor, and deformation data obtained by measurement are processed through the computer.
For samples 3 with different lengths, different extensometers, typically a standard gauge extensometer of 50mm or a small gauge extensometer of 25mm, may need to be correspondingly used in the deformation measurement process. In this embodiment, 3 circular mounting holes 11 with a diameter of 5mm are formed in the center of the wall of the heating furnace 1, and the distance between two adjacent circular mounting holes 11 is 25 mm. The yield strength measured by the extensometer in the scheme is Rp0.2, so that the stress when the standard sample generates 0.1mm deformation is measured by adopting a standard gauge length extensometer with the thickness of 50mm as the yield strength. In order to meet different types of samples with different lengths, the pull rod 4 is adjustable in height, the height of the pull rod 4 is adjusted to ensure that the extensometer 2 is in contact with the effective part of the sample 3, the two ends of the sample 3 are generally thick, the middle of the sample is thin, and the thinner part of the middle of the sample 3 is used as the effective part for testing. When a standard 50mm gauge length extensometer is selected, the middle mounting hole 11 is plugged, two measuring ends of the extensometer 2 respectively extend into the heating furnace 1 from the upper mounting hole 11 and the lower mounting hole 11, and the center of the sample 3 is ensured to be positioned at the position of the middle mounting hole 11 by adjusting the pull rod 4, so that the two measuring ends of the extensometer 2 are ensured to be aligned with the effective part of the sample 3 to measure the effective part. When a 25mm small-gauge length extensometer is used, the mounting hole 11 at the uppermost part or the lowermost part is plugged, two measuring ends of the extensometer extend into the heating furnace 1 from the mounting holes 11 at the middle part, the lower part or the middle part and the upper part respectively, and the center of the sample 3 is ensured to be positioned at the central positions of the two used mounting holes 11 by adjusting the pull rod 4 so as to ensure that the two measuring ends of the extensometer 2 are aligned with the effective part of the sample 3 to measure the effective part. When the device is used, the extension rod 2 is slowly pushed into the heating furnace 1 and contacts and tightly pushes the surface of the sample 3, and the deformation of various samples of different types in the process of the tensile test can be measured. Because the diameter of the mounting hole 11 formed on the heating furnace 1 is very small, the mounting hole 11 for inserting the extensometer 2 does not need to be plugged with heat preservation media such as asbestos for sealing and heat preservation, the heating speed of the heating furnace 1 is not influenced, and the stability of the test temperature can be maintained.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring sample deformation by a plug-in extensometer of a closed heating furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: connecting two ends of the sample with two pull rods respectively in a detachable manner;
s2: loading the samples provided with the pull rods into a heating furnace for heat preservation and heating, wherein the end part of each pull rod, which is not connected with the sample, is arranged outside the heating furnace;
s3: when the test temperature in the heating furnace is reached and the temperature is kept, the end parts of the two pull rods extending out of the heating furnace are fixed on a stretcher;
s4: stretching two ends of the two pull rods through a stretcher to stress the sample;
s5: one end of the extensometer is inserted into the heating furnace in a direction vertical to the sample through a mounting hole formed on the heating furnace, and contacts and supports against the effective part on the surface of the sample;
s6: the sample is deformed by the axial stretching of the stretcher, and the extensometer senses deformation data and uploads the deformation data to the data processor.
2. The method for measuring the deformation of the sample by the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a strain gauge sensor is arranged on the end part of the extensometer which is not inserted into the heating furnace, the end part of the extensometer which is contacted with the sample transmits the deformation of the sample to the strain gauge sensor, and the strain gauge sensor senses the deformation data and uploads the data to a data processor.
3. The method for measuring the deformation of the sample by the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of mounting holes for inserting the extensometer are arranged on the heating furnace, and the distance between the mounting holes is adapted to more than two extensometers with different scale distances.
4. The method for measuring the deformation of the sample by using the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that three circular mounting holes which are vertically and linearly arranged and have the aperture of 5mm are arranged on the heating furnace, and the distance between the adjacent mounting holes is 25 mm.
5. The method for measuring the deformation of the sample by using the plug-in extensometer of the closed heating furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the two ends of the sample are in an external thread structure, the two pull rods are in an internal thread structure, and the two ends of the sample are respectively in threaded connection with each pull rod.
6. The method for measuring the deformation of the sample by using the closed heating furnace plug-in extensometer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of thermocouples are further arranged on the side wall of the heating furnace to detect the test temperature at different positions in the heating furnace.
7. The method of measuring the deformation of a sample by a closed furnace plunge extensometer as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the sample is a metal sample.
8. An apparatus for measuring the deformation of a sample by a closed furnace plug-in extensometer for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises: the device comprises a heating furnace, an extensometer, two pull rods and a stretcher;
the two pull rods are respectively detachably connected to two ends of a sample, the sample is placed in the heating furnace, the end part of each pull rod, which is not connected with the sample, extends out of the top and the bottom of the heating furnace respectively, and the end part of the extending pull rod is connected with the stretcher;
the side wall of the heating furnace is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the extensometer in a direction vertical to the sample;
and the end part of the extensometer extending into the heating furnace is contacted with and tightly attached to the surface of the sample and is used for measuring the deformation data of the sample.
9. The apparatus for measuring the deformation of a sample by using an insertion type extensometer in a closed heating furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that a strain gauge sensor is arranged at the end of the extensometer which is not inserted into the heating furnace, and the strain gauge sensor is electrically connected with a data processing device which is used for processing the measured deformation data.
10. The apparatus for measuring the deformation of a sample by using a closed heating furnace plug-in extensometer in accordance with claim 8, wherein the side walls of the heating furnace are provided with a plurality of thermocouples for detecting the test temperatures at different positions in the heating furnace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111249915.2A CN113959862A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Method and device for measuring sample deformation by using plug-in extensometer of closed heating furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111249915.2A CN113959862A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Method and device for measuring sample deformation by using plug-in extensometer of closed heating furnace |
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| CN113959862A true CN113959862A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6581481B1 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2003-06-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Capacitive extensometer |
| CN202141646U (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-02-08 | 上海尚材试验机有限公司 | Rotary three step temperature-control multi-furnace device |
| CN202770717U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-03-06 | 国核宝钛锆业股份公司 | Strain control device for high-temperature tension test of foil strips |
| CN106017298A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Direct contact type stretching deformation measuring system and method in high-temperature oxygen-free environment |
| CN108956281A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-07 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of fixation device of sheet metal drawing by high temperature extensometer |
| DE102019125925A1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | ZwickRoell Testing Systems GmbH | Combination of an oven with a high temperature extensometer |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111249915.2A patent/CN113959862A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6581481B1 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2003-06-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Capacitive extensometer |
| CN202141646U (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-02-08 | 上海尚材试验机有限公司 | Rotary three step temperature-control multi-furnace device |
| CN202770717U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-03-06 | 国核宝钛锆业股份公司 | Strain control device for high-temperature tension test of foil strips |
| CN106017298A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Direct contact type stretching deformation measuring system and method in high-temperature oxygen-free environment |
| CN108956281A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-07 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of fixation device of sheet metal drawing by high temperature extensometer |
| DE102019125925A1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | ZwickRoell Testing Systems GmbH | Combination of an oven with a high temperature extensometer |
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