CN113958874A - 用于为储罐填充液化气体的方法 - Google Patents

用于为储罐填充液化气体的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113958874A
CN113958874A CN202110820620.XA CN202110820620A CN113958874A CN 113958874 A CN113958874 A CN 113958874A CN 202110820620 A CN202110820620 A CN 202110820620A CN 113958874 A CN113958874 A CN 113958874A
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Prior art keywords
liquefied gas
line
delivery
storage tank
circuit
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CN202110820620.XA
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Inventor
S·克莱瓦丁
J-M·佩龙
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of CN113958874A publication Critical patent/CN113958874A/zh
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F17C5/04—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. filling with helium or hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
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    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/082—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for cold fluids, e.g. liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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Abstract

一种用于利用填充设备为液化气体储罐填充来自液化气体源的加压液化气体的方法，填充设备包括输送回路，输送回路设有用于液体输送的第一管线和用于气体输送的第二管线，第一管线包括连接到源的第一端部和连接到储罐的第二端部，第二管线包括连接到气体回收构件的第一端部和连接到储罐的第二端部，回路包括第三和第四管线，第三和第四管线中的每一者均将第一和第二管线连接，回路包括用于控制流体在回路管线中的流动的一组阀，该方法包括，在液化气体从源输送到储罐前，对储罐减压并对回路的至少一部分冷却，储罐的减压和输送回路的冷却包括经由第二管线的第二端部、第三、第一、第四管线、和第二管线的第一端部输送包含在储罐中的加压气化气体。

Description

用于为储罐填充液化气体的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于为储罐填充液化气体的方法。
本发明更具体地涉及一种用于利用填充设备为储罐填充来自液化气体的源的加压液化气体的方法，该填充设备包括输送回路，该输送回路设置有用于液体输送的第一管线和用于气体输送的第二管线，该第一管线包括连接到液化气体的源的第一端部和连接到液化气体储罐的第二端部，该第二管线包括连接到气体回收构件的第一端部和连接到待填充的所述储罐的第二端部，该输送回路包括第三输送管线和第四输送管线，第三输送管线和第四输送管线中的每一者均将第一输送管线和第二输送管线连接，该输送回路包括用于控制流体在回路管线中的流动的一组阀，该方法包括，在液化气体从液化气体的源输送到液化气体储罐之前，对液化气体储罐进行减压并对输送回路的至少一部分进行冷却。
背景技术
在为储罐填充液化气体的程序之前，该回路(待填充储罐的软管等)通常处于环境温度。在这种情况下，整个装置必须在填充前冷却至液化气体的温度(即在液态氢的情况下的21.7K)。
冷却目前由来自储存源的液态氢流提供。这导致液态氢在液体输送管线的整个冷却过程中气化/蒸发。根据安装情况，蒸发掉5千克至15千克的液态氢，操作的持续时间可从5分钟到10分钟不等。
这种冷却浪费时间，并且导致已经充满了所述源的液化器产生的流体的冷量损失。
减压的冷分子通常通过经过加热器然后经过循环压缩机来回收。这种在能量方面具有高价值的冷冻能力/千卡量/千卡(frigory)未能被充分利用。
空气液化所需的能量比氢气少得多。由于这个原因，气体回流没有被利用，并且分子不总是被回收。
在液氦设施的情况下，通常进行分子回收。千卡量的回收可以整合到液化系统中。根据气体回流的温度，可以在液化器的不同阶段直接注入冷氦。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是克服现有技术的所有或一些上述缺点。
为此，根据本发明的方法，此外根据以上前序部分中给出的一般定义，其基本特征在于，液化气体储罐的减压和输送回路的冷却包括经由用于气体输送的第二管线的第二端部、第三输送管线、第一输送管线、第四输送管线、和第二输送管线的第一端部输送包含在液化气体储罐中的加压气化/蒸发气体。
减压的冷气体因此被输送到待被冷却的液体输送管线。
因此，该方法使得可以利用来自待填充的储罐的冷气体(例如，在使该气体通过加热器之前)。
此外，本发明的实施例可包括以下特征中的一者或多者:
-从液化气体储罐输送到第二输送管线的第一端部的加压气化气体被再加热和排出和/或压缩和/或储存在气体回收构件中；
-第三和第四输送管线分别位于回路的两个端部处，也就是说分别位于第一和第二输送管线的第二端部以及第一和第二输送管线的第一端部；
-第三和第四输送管线各自包括一组各自的阀；
-在减压前，液化气体储罐的压力为1.2巴至10巴，例如为1.4巴至7巴，并且在减压后，液化气体储罐的压力为1.1巴至1.4巴；
-该方法在液化气体储罐被减压和输送回路的至少一部分被冷却之后包括将液化气体从源经由第一输送管线输送到液化气体储罐的步骤；
-液化气体是氢气或氦气。
本发明还可涉及落在权利要求的范围内的、包括以上或以下特征的任何组合的任何替代设备或方法。
附图说明
参考附图阅读下面的描述，进一步的显著特征和优点将变得显而易见，其中:
图1示出了说明根据本发明的填充设备和方法的配置和操作的示例的示意性局部视图。
具体实施方式
该设备包括流体回路，该流体回路设有用于液体输送的第一管线3，该第一管线3包括第一端部(例如在示意图中的阀13的左侧)和第二端部(例如在示意图中的阀23的右侧或左侧)，该第一端部用于连接到液化气体源4(特别是供应储罐的液相)，该第二端部用于连接到待填充的储罐2(特别是其液相)。
源4典型地包括上方为气相的液化气体储器。该源被加压或可被加压，该压力可能是驱动流体被输送的力。也可以设想输送泵。
该回路包括用于气体输送的第二管线6，该第二管线包括第一端部16和第二端部，第一端部16旨在连接到液化气体源4(例如连接到其气相)或气体回收构件8，第二端部旨在连接到待填充的所述储罐2(例如连接到其气相)。
该回路包括将第一输送管线3和第二输送管线6连接的第三输送管线5，该第三输送管线设有阀15。
该回路包括将第一输送管线3和第二输送管线6连接的第四输送管线7，该第四输送管线设有阀17。
第三输送管线5和第四输送管线7优选位于回路的两个端部(分别朝向待填充的储罐2和朝向源4)。
例如，但不限于，第三管线5可以是与储罐2与储罐2集成在一起的环路的一部分，并且设置有流体连接器，例如可移除的或快速的连接器，并且被配置为连接到形成第一管线3和第二管线6的管/管线(例如在由波浪线象征性地示出的柔性部分的右侧)。
该回路包括用于控制回路的管线中的流体流动的一组阀。例如，用于液体输送的第一管线3包括至少一个隔热和/或流量控制阀33。
类似地，第二输送管线6包括至少一个隔热和/或流量控制阀36、46。
这种结构允许以单流(仅第一液体管线3)或双流(第一管线3输送液体，并且第二管线6以相反方向排出气体)填充储罐2。
第三输送管线5和第四输送管线7各自优选包括至少一个隔热和/或流量控制阀15、17。
在将液化气体从源4输送到液化气体储罐2之前，必须对液化气体储罐2进行减压并对输送回路的至少一部分进行冷却。
液化气体储罐2的至少部分减压和输送回路的冷却是通过经由用于气体输送的第二管线6的第二端部26、第三输送管线5、第一输送管线3、第四输送管线7和第二输送管线6的第一端部16输送包含在液化气体储罐2中的加压气化/蒸发气体来实现的。
也就是说，冷减压气体流通过由第三输送管线5和第四输送管线7形成的转向装置在第一液体管线3的至少一部分上转向。这可以通过控制适当的阀来实现(例如，阀15、33、17、56在减压过程中打开，其他阀关闭)。
因此，回路的这种冷却是在填充开始时液化气体的减压和蒸发过程中实现的。对于氢气应用，根据安装情况，该过程允许减少0.02千克至0.08千克氢气(H2)的蒸发。
这使得可以借助于在减压步骤期间液体管线3的冷却来利用待被填充的储罐2的气体回流填充。
这种方案有许多优点。
因此，该方法允许能量平衡方面的节约(不闪蒸来自源4或液化器的液体)。
根据安装情况，该方案可以通过(在每次填充时的)冷却节省4千克至14千克的液态氢。
此外，这种方案允许在为储罐2填充氢气的程序中节省时间(取决于安装，为5分钟至10分钟)，而没有物质损失。
如图所示，回路可以具有多条横向管线，所述横向管线将第一管线3连接到第二管线6，特别是朝向待填充的储罐2连接。例如，两个横向管线设置在第二端部，并且每个横向管线可以设置有阀。这两个横向管线可以刚性地连接到储罐2。此外，两个阀33、46可以设置在这两条横向管线之间，阀33位于第一输送管线上且阀46位于第二输送管线上。
通过适当打开该组阀，来自待填充的储罐2的气化气体流可输送通过这些横向管道中的一者或多者。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于利用填充设备为液化气体储罐(2)填充来自液化气体源(4)的加压液化气体的方法，该填充设备包括输送回路，该输送回路设置有用于液体输送的第一输送管线(3)和用于气体输送的第二输送管线(6)，该第一输送管线包括连接到所述液化气体源(4)的第一端部(13)和连接到所述液化气体储罐(2)的第二端部(23)，所述第二输送管线包括连接到气体回收构件(8)的第一端部(16)和连接到待填充的所述液化气体储罐(2)的第二端部，所述输送回路包括第三输送管线(5)和第四输送管线(7)，所述第三输送管线(5)和所述第四输送管线(7)中的每一者均将所述第一输送管线(3)和所述第二输送管线(6)连接，该输送回路包括用于控制流体在所述输送回路的管线中的流动的一组阀(36，46，13，33，15，17)，该方法包括，在液化气体从所述液化气体源(4)输送到所述液化气体储罐(2)之前，对所述液化气体储罐(2)进行减压并对所述输送回路的至少一部分进行冷却，其特征在于，所述液化气体储罐(2)的减压和所述输送回路的冷却包括经由用于气体输送的所述第二输送管线(6)的第二端部、所述第三输送管线(5)、所述第一输送管线(3)、所述第四输送管线(7)、和所述第二输送管线(6)的第一端部(16)输送包含在所述液化气体储罐(2)中的加压气化气体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，从所述液化气体储罐(2)输送到所述第二输送管线(6)的第一端部(16)的加压气化气体被再加热和排出和/或压缩和/或储存在所述气体回收构件(8)中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三输送管线(5)和所述第四输送管线(7)分别位于所述输送回路的两个端部处，换言之，所述第三输送管线(5)位于所述第一输送管线(3)的和所述第二输送管线(6)的第二端部处，所述第四输送管线(7)位于所述第一输送管线(3)的和所述第二输送管线(6)的第一端部处。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三输送管线(5)和所述第四输送管线(7)各自包括一组相应的阀(15，17)。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述液化气体储罐(2)在其减压之前处于1.2巴至10巴的压力，例如1.4巴至7巴的压力，并且所述液化气体储罐(2)在其减压之后处于1.1巴至1.4巴的压力。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法在所述液化气体储罐(2)的减压和所述输送回路的至少一部分的冷却之后包括将液化气体从所述液化气体源(4)经由所述第一输送管线(3)输送到所述液化气体储罐(2)的步骤。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述液化气体是氢气或氦气。
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