CN113957259B - Radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent - Google Patents
Radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113957259B CN113957259B CN202111241478.XA CN202111241478A CN113957259B CN 113957259 B CN113957259 B CN 113957259B CN 202111241478 A CN202111241478 A CN 202111241478A CN 113957259 B CN113957259 B CN 113957259B
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- Prior art keywords
- smelting
- waste metal
- furnace
- metal
- treated
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010010 raising Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/106—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents the refining being obtained by intimately mixing the molten metal with a molten salt or slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent and a smelting decontamination method are characterized by comprising the following substances in percentage by mass: 10-15% of CaO, 15-25% of Fe2O3, 30-40% of Al2O3, 10-20% of SiO2 and 2-5% of MgO. Comprises the steps of inspection, dispensing, smelting and detection. The waste metal with the surface radioactive pollution level of 4-48Bq/cm < 2 >, after being smelted and decontaminated by adopting the decontaminating agent and a proper smelting process, the surface pollution level of the cast product is reduced to 0.004-0.016 Bq/cm < 2 >, wherein the specific activity of the metal is lower than the solution control level value proposed by IAEA RS-G1.7 'application of eliminating exemption and controlling concepts', the metal is completely applicable to internal recycling of mines and systems, and has popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting decontamination, in particular to a radioactive pollution waste metal smelting decontaminating agent.
Background
At present, the radioactive pollution of waste metals is mainly treated by methods such as geological treatment or storage, chemical surface decontamination, metal smelting decontamination and the like at home and abroad, and a great deal of land resources are wasted in geological treatment or storage, and the waste is also a waste of metal materials.
Therefore, in order to reduce the consumption of land resources and the waste of materials, in the prior art, radioactive polluted waste metals are often treated and recycled by adopting surface chemical cleaning decontamination, metal smelting decontamination and other modes. The surface chemical cleaning decontamination is effective for the surface decontamination of the components with simple geometry, but has poor decontamination effect on the components with complex geometry such as pipelines, valves and the like, while the metal smelting decontamination has a large volume reduction coefficient, if proper decontaminating agent and smelting process can be selected for decontamination, the residual quantity of radionuclide can be greatly reduced, and favorable conditions are provided for recycling radioactive polluted waste metals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a smelting detergent with good radionuclide removal effect in radioactive polluted waste metals.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is that the radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent is characterized by comprising the following mixture in percentage by mass:
CaO 10%-15%
Fe 2 O 3 15%-25%
Al 2 O 3 30%-40%
SiO 2 10%-20%
MgO 2%-5%。
the further scheme is as follows: the particle size of the mixture is 0.5mm-3mm.
The invention also aims to provide a method for smelting and decontaminating radioactive polluted waste metal, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1. and (3) checking: the radioactive pollution degree of the waste metal to be smelted and decontaminated is checked by special equipment, and the radioactive pollution level of the surface is selected to be 4-48Bq/cm 2 Is to be treated;
2. dispensing: taking 10% -15% of CaO, 15% -25% of Fe2O3, 30% -45% of Al2O3, 10% -20% of SiO2 and 3.2% -3.6% of MgO according to the weight percentage, crushing, stirring and mixing for later use;
3. smelting: placing 15-30% of the total mass of the waste metal to be treated into a smelting furnace, preheating the furnace for 6-8 minutes at 60% of power, continuously heating the materials in the smelting furnace, simultaneously adding the waste metal to be treated at a constant speed and an equal amount, adding a detergent mixture to be used and the rest waste metal to be treated at a constant speed and an equal amount according to the total mass of the waste metal to be treated in a proportion of 10Kg-20Kg/t for smelting and decontamination, after adding the complete furnace burden, raising and maintaining the temperature in the furnace at 1560-1580 ℃, adding the detergent mixture according to the total mass of the waste metal of 10Kg-20Kg/t, stirring, removing scum, and smelting and decontaminating.
The further scheme is as follows: the method also comprises a detection step, wherein the detection is as follows: taking molten steel in the furnace, adopting a special instrument to detect radioactive gamma dosage rate, taking dosage rate at the position of 30cm below the surface of a steel sample, and when the radioactivity level is less than or equal to 0.004-0.016 Bq/cm 2 Wherein the specific activity of the metal activity<And when the weight is 1Bq/g, the material is discharged from the furnace to carry out the subsequent casting and forming process.
The further scheme is as follows: in the dispensing step, the mixture is processed into granules with the granularity of 0.5mm-3mm,
the further scheme is as follows: in the smelting step, before all the radioactive polluted waste metals to be treated are completely melted, conventional slag forming materials are added and then detergents are added, so that the separation of radionuclides and molten steel can be further accelerated, and the decontamination efficiency is improved.
The further scheme is as follows: after the detection step, when the radioactivity value of the molten steel in the melting furnace is still higher than a preset value, adding a detergent mixture into the molten steel in the furnace at a constant speed and in an average quantity according to the proportion of 1Kg-10Kg/t of the molten steel mass to further smelt and decontaminate.
The invention further aims to provide the application of the radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent, which is characterized by being used for carrying out smelting decontamination treatment on the radioactive pollution waste metal.
Compared with the prior art, the waste metal with the surface radioactive pollution level of 4-48Bq/cm < 2 >, which is prepared by adopting the detergent and a proper smelting process, is smelted and decontaminated, and the surface pollution level of a casting product is reduced to 0.004-0.016 Bq/cm < 2 >, wherein the metal radioactivity specific activity is less than 1Bq/G and is lower than the solution control level value proposed by IAEA RS-G1.7 'application of eliminating exemption and control concepts', so that the waste metal can be fully used for internal recycling of mines and systems, and has popularization and application values.
Detailed Description
The detailed technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
A radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent is characterized by comprising the following substances in percentage by mass:
CaO 10%-15%
Fe 2 O 3 15%-25%
Al 2 O 3 30%-45%
SiO 2 10%-20%
MgO 3.2%-3.6%。
the particle size of the material is 0.5mm-3mm.
Example 2
A method for smelting and decontaminating radioactive polluted waste metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. and (3) checking: the radioactive pollution degree of the waste metal to be smelted and decontaminated is checked by special equipment, and the radioactive pollution level of the surface is selected to be 4-48Bq/cm 2 Is to be treated;
2. dispensing: taking 14% of CaO, 23% of Fe2O3, 42% of Al2O3, 17.6% of SiO2 and 3.4% of MgO according to the weight percentage, crushing, stirring and mixing for later use;
3. smelting: placing 25% of the total mass of the waste metal to be treated into a smelting furnace, preheating the furnace for 8 minutes at a power of 60%, continuously heating the materials in the smelting furnace while adding the waste metal to be treated at a constant speed and a uniform amount, adding a detergent mixture to be used and the rest waste metal to be treated at a constant speed and a uniform amount according to the total mass of the waste metal to be treated in a proportion of 15Kg/t for smelting and decontaminating, adding a complete furnace burden, raising the temperature in the furnace and keeping at 1570 ℃, adding the detergent mixture according to the total mass of the waste metal of 15Kg/t, stirring, removing scum, and smelting and decontaminating to finish the process;
4. and (3) detection: taking molten steel in the furnace, adopting a special instrument to detect radioactive gamma dosage rate, taking dosage rate at the position of 30cm below the surface of a steel sample, and when the radioactivity level is less than or equal to 0.004-0.016 Bq/cm 2 Wherein the specific activity of the metal activity<And when the weight is 1Bq/g, the material is discharged from the furnace to carry out the subsequent casting and forming process.
In the dispensing step, the mixture is processed into granules having a particle size of 0.5mm to 3mm.
After the detection step, when the radioactivity value of the molten steel in the melting furnace is still higher than a preset value, adding a detergent mixture into the molten steel in the furnace according to the mass ratio of the molten steel of 6Kg/t for further smelting and decontamination.
In the feeding step, before the radioactive polluted waste metal is completely melted, the conventional slag-forming material is added and then the detergent is added, so that the separation of the radionuclide and the molten steel can be further accelerated, and the decontamination efficiency is improved.
Example 3
The application of the radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent is characterized in that the radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent is used for smelting and decontaminating waste metal with radioactive pollution.
Claims (3)
1. A method for smelting and decontaminating radioactive polluted waste metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) And (3) checking: the radioactive pollution degree of the waste metal to be smelted and decontaminated is checked by special equipment, and the radioactive pollution level of the surface is selected to be 4-48Bq/cm 2 Is to be treated;
(2) And (3) dispensing: the detergent comprises CaO 10-15 wt% and Fe 2 O 3 23%-25%、Al 2 O 3 30%-40%、SiO 2 Crushing, stirring and mixing 10% -17.6% of raw materials and 3.2% -3.6% of MgO for later use;
(3) Smelting: placing 15-30% of the total mass of the waste metal to be treated into a smelting furnace, preheating the furnace for 6-8 minutes at 60% of power, continuously heating the materials in the smelting furnace while adding the waste metal to be treated at constant speed and uniform amount, adding the detergent mixture to be used and the rest waste metal to be treated at constant speed and uniform amount according to the total mass of the waste metal to be treated in a proportion of 10-20 Kg/t for smelting and decontamination, raising and maintaining the temperature in the furnace at 1560-1580 ℃ after adding the complete furnace burden, adding the detergent mixture according to the total mass of the waste metal of 10-20 Kg/t, stirring, removing scum, and smelting and decontaminating to obtain the product;
(4) And (3) detection: taking molten steel in the furnace, adopting a special instrument to detect the radioactive gamma dosage rate, taking the dosage rate at the position of 30cm below the surface of the steel sample, and reducing the radioactivity level to 0.004-0.016 Bq/cm 2 Wherein the specific activity of the metal activity<When the weight is 1Bq/g, the material can be discharged from the furnace to carry out the subsequent casting and forming process;
after the detection step, when the radioactivity value of the molten steel in the melting furnace is still higher than a preset value, adding a detergent mixture into the molten steel in the furnace at a constant speed and in an average quantity according to the proportion of 1Kg-10Kg/t of the molten steel mass for further smelting and decontamination.
2. A method of decontaminating radioactively contaminated scrap metal smelting according to claim 1 wherein during the dispensing step the detergent mixture is processed into granules having a size of 0.5mm to 3mm.
3. A method of decontaminating radioactively contaminated waste metal according to claim 1, wherein in the melting step, conventional slag forming material is added and then the decontaminating agent mixture is added before all the radioactively contaminated waste metal to be treated is completely melted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111241478.XA CN113957259B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111241478.XA CN113957259B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113957259A CN113957259A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
| CN113957259B true CN113957259B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111241478.XA Active CN113957259B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Radioactive pollution waste metal smelting detergent |
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| CN (1) | CN113957259B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115161432A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-10-11 | 湖南核工业宏华机械有限公司 | Waste metal smelting detergent with artificial nuclide radioactive pollution |
| CN115261661A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-01 | 湖南核工业宏华机械有限公司 | Waste aluminum alloy smelting detergent with radioactive pollution |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1074778A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-07-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Melting pollution removing method for polluted metal by uranium |
| US5724669A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-03-03 | Snyder; Thomas S. | Metal decontamination process and systems for accomplishing same |
| CN103811091A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | High-level uranium pollution carbon steel or stainless steel smelting decontamination process |
| CN110277182A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 西南科技大学 | Corrosivity for iron-based material surface is from crisp type decontamination agent preparation method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2159473C1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2000-11-20 | ООО "Экологически чистые технологии в промышленность плюс" | Method for recovering radionuclide-containing metal wastes |
| KR101200780B1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-11-13 | 한전원자력연료 주식회사 | Melting decontamination method of radioactivity metal |
| CN103805750A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Fluxing agent used for smelting decontamination of uranium-contaminated carbon steel or stainless steel |
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2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111241478.XA patent/CN113957259B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1074778A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-07-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Melting pollution removing method for polluted metal by uranium |
| US5724669A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-03-03 | Snyder; Thomas S. | Metal decontamination process and systems for accomplishing same |
| CN103811091A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | High-level uranium pollution carbon steel or stainless steel smelting decontamination process |
| CN110277182A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 西南科技大学 | Corrosivity for iron-based material surface is from crisp type decontamination agent preparation method |
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